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Prophylaxis against edema involves the removal of excess lymph fluid from a specific area of the body. The presence of lymph accumulation, is a sign of abnormalities in the functioning of the lymphatic system, which has lost the ability to properly transport lymph. Swelling otherwise known as lymphedema is among the chronic diseases that adversely affect the functioning of human systems. Lymphedema is one of the most common disorders of the lymphatic system. Its correct function is to drain lymph into the lymphatic vessels, and from there it travels to the lymph nodes. Its malfunction is the failure to drain the lymph into the lymphatic vessels or the lymph nodes. As a result of the abnormal lymph circulation, swelling usually occurs in the lower and upper extremities. The swelling at first appears to be painless, but over time it becomes hard thus reducing the functional capacity of the limbs. Over time, the skin and subcutaneous tissue can become infected, which can affect the formation of a cancer such as lymphosarcoma. Increasingly, so-called dynamic Plastering is being used to assist and alleviate lymphedema. Kinesiology Taping (KT) otherwise known as dynamic patching enables the reduction of swelling by elevating the skin, thus increasing the surface area between the skin and fascia. This results in body fluids having more room to flow freely to the lymph nodes, and this reduces our swelling and lymph accumulation in the extremities.[2] The purpose of this paper is to show the use of Kinesiology Taping to reduce lymphedema. The paper is based on a review of articles in reputable journals from past years.

The physiotherapy process in children is specific and requires much more patience and understanding than in adults. Working with a child is not only related to the physiotherapy of a small patient, but also in a very good cooperation between the parent-physiotherapist. The paper presents selected issues of children's therapy in the light of research papers published in renowned scientific journals dealing with medical issues.

Kinesiology taping, called in Poland more and more often dynamic plastering is a method with a very wide application. More and more often this method is noticed among patients. Currently, many studies have been conducted, in which the effectiveness of therapy with the use of tapes for kinesiology taping has been proven. What is more, no harmful effects of this form of therapy have been found. In addition, there is more and more research showing the effectiveness of cathodiology taping as a form of supporting the effects of the main therapy. The paper was written on the basis of review articles and research papers presented in reputable Polish magazines dealing with physiotherapy.

Physiotherapy section - physicotherapy successfully applies frequent cryotherapy treatments in many different diseases. The paper presents a review of the literature on the basis of review papers as well as research papers from reputable scientific journals, which have been published over the last few years.

Kinesiology taping, called in Poland more and more often dynamic plastering is a method with a very wide application. More and more often this method is noticed among patients. Currently, many studies have been conducted, in which the effectiveness of therapy with the use of tapes for kinesiology taping has been proven. What is more, no harmful effects of this form of therapy have been found. In addition, there is more and more research showing the effectiveness of cathodiology taping as a form of supporting the effects of the main therapy. The paper was written on the basis of review articles and research papers presented in reputable Polish magazines dealing with physiotherapy.

Physiotherapy section - physicotherapy successfully applies frequent cryotherapy treatments in many different diseases. The paper presents a review of the literature on the basis of review papers as well as research papers from reputable scientific journals, which have been published over the last few years.

When colorectal cancer is removed, either by laparoscopic or classical open method, traumatization of the abdominal tissues occurs. Damage in the form of cutting muscle fibers is associated with a disorder of postural muscle tone. A scar itself within the abdominal cavity can create mobility restrictions in the form of restrictions on the mobility of the spine. The implementation of rehabilitation before and after surgery should be an indispensable element in the treatment of colorectal cancer. The work aims to present therapy proposals using modern special rehabilitation methods to improve patients after surgical treatment of colorectal cancer. The paper presents examples of activities that can be used in therapy in its various phases. A review of available literature and own experience were used for the work. From the analyzed literature, it can be concluded that rehabilitation of oncological patients is not widespread and often overlooked in the treatment process. Patients often after surgery to remove colorectal cancer are not subject to rehabilitation, pre-operative rehabilitation also occurs sporadically according to literature. Rehabilitation of patients after surgical treatment of colorectal cancer should take place before and after surgery. Rehabilitation should take into account the weakening of the muscle strength in the torso and mobility limitations caused by the postoperative scar. Rehabilitation should be aimed at restoring functionality.

Posture defects are a serious social problem. Knowing the correct posture is very important. The first part of the paper presents a description of correct posture and a description of pathological posture, its pathogenesis and side effects.

Introduction: Impaired duration, rhythm and depth of sleep and wakefulness called insomnia is a common problem in the group of geriatric patients. About 50% of elderly people report insomnia. Material and Methods: The paper reviews literature using the EBSCO and Google Scholar databases. Articles have been analyzed using the keywords insomnia, elderly patients, prevalence and etiology, primary care, treatment, diet, physiotherapy. The article presents various methods to manage insomnia among the elderly. Results: The main treatment for insomnia includes pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions or a combination of both. A very important aspect is proper dietary, physiotherapy treatment and physical activity. Conclusions: Effective management of sleep disorders improves the quality of life of patients struggling with this disorder and prevents the occurrence of depression and anxiety, which often coexist with insomnia.

Posture defects are a serious social problem. It is very important to be able to distinguish between postural defects. A part of the second part of the paper presents a description of kyphosis, lordosis, sway back and flat back.

For aim of this paper and analysis of the treatment methods in question articles from Pumbed basis were used. Pumbed basis, which works under the auspices of US National Library of Medicine and National Institute of Health, helped to analyze the treatment methods for chronic condition of heel spur and plantar fascia. The analytical process was based on bibliographical descript. Results of 1204 numbers were summarized because of specialist criterion. Heel spurs are bony growths growing out of the plantar fascia and other soft tissues lining nearby which conduct to the plantar fascia ignition. The occurrence of these is connected with burdensome feeling of pain that can be felt when making first steps after getting up in the morning. It is a serious condition that applies to more and more people. Being overweight, training sports straining feet are the reasons contributing to this condition. Yet, it is not a general rule for the risk group. Treating methods in this sphere give many opportunities for physical therapist and doctors. The best sustainable method is physical therapy supported by medical aids. However, not every case gives intended results. If the sustainable methods are not enough, the surgical treatment should be introduced. There is no doubt that any method of treatment is individually reclaimed by every patient.

When colorectal cancer is removed, either by laparoscopic or classical open method, traumatization of the abdominal tissues occurs. Damage in the form of cutting muscle fibers is associated with a disorder of postural muscle tone. A scar itself within the abdominal cavity can create mobility restrictions in the form of restrictions on the mobility of the spine. The implementation of rehabilitation before and after surgery should be an indispensable element in the treatment of colorectal cancer. The work aims to present therapy proposals using modern special rehabilitation methods to improve patients after surgical treatment of colorectal cancer. The paper presents examples of activities that can be used in therapy in its various phases. A review of available literature and own experience were used for the work. From the analyzed literature, it can be concluded that rehabilitation of oncological patients is not widespread and often overlooked in the treatment process. Patients often after surgery to remove colorectal cancer are not subject to rehabilitation, pre-operative rehabilitation also occurs sporadically according to literature. Rehabilitation of patients after surgical treatment of colorectal cancer should take place before and after surgery. Rehabilitation should take into account the weakening of the muscle strength in the torso and mobility limitations caused by the postoperative scar. Rehabilitation should be aimed at restoring functionality.

Posture defects are a serious social problem. It is very important to be able to distinguish between postural defects. A part of the second part of the paper presents a description of kyphosis, lordosis, sway back and flat back.

Posture defects are a serious social problem. Knowing the correct posture is very important. The first part of the paper presents a description of correct posture and a description of pathological posture, its pathogenesis and side effects.

Mikołajewska Emilia, Tywoniuk Jarosław. Profile of patients undergoing therapy using botulinum toxin within the late neurorehabilitation of adult post-stroke patients. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(8):318-321. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.28934 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.28934 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%288%29%3A318-321 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/611586 POL-index https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/polindex/browse/article/article-f9b4bd83-e84b-4888-9acb-5b71eb387186 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.07.2015. Revised 21.08.2015. Accepted: 21.08.2015. Profile of patients undergoing therapy using botulinum toxin within the late neurorehabilitation of adult post-stroke patients Emilia Mikołajewska1,2,3, Jarosław Tywoniuk2 1 Department of Physiotherapy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medium in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland 2 Rehabilitation Clinic, The 10th Clinical Military Hospital with Policlinic, Bydgoszcz, Poland 3 Neurocognitive Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland Corresponding author: Emilia Mikołajewska Rehabilitation Clinic Military Clinical Hospital No. 10 and Polyclinic Powstańców Warszawy 5 85-681 Bydgoszcz, Poland e-mail: e.mikolajewska@wp.pl, emiliam@cm.umk.pl www: http://emikolajewska.netstrefa.eu Keywords: neurorehabilitation; physiotherapy; stroke; spasticity; botulinum toxin. Abstract BACKGROUND: Scientists and clinicians still look for satisfactory treatment for post-stroke spasticity, especially within long-term neurorehabilitation. Relatively novel therapeutic method is use of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A). OBJECTIVE: Contrary to the previous studies we focused on late post-stroke population. This study aims at showing such patients profiles. CASE STUDIES PRESENTATION: We decribe a convenience sample cases study analysis of six adult patients with post-stroke spasticity (mean time after cerebrovascular accident: 7.5 years) admitted to the neurological rehabilitation ward. CONCLUSIONS: Despite BTX-A is one of the most potent antispastic medications details of its optimal application and effectiveness within long-term naurorehabilitation of adults are still in the process of being confirmed. Current health status, secondary changes and complications, individual therapeutic goals and functional skills expected to achieve in particular case may significantly modify way of the therapy.

Dzięgielewski Piotr, Mikołajewska Emilia, Goch Aleksander. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in post-stroke patients. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(8):302-306. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.28813 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.28813 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%288%29%3A302-306 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/611442 POL-index https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/polindex/browse/article/article-c640c258-b48f-4520-b83d-179a1f592c1b Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.07.2015. Revised 21.08.2015. Accepted: 21.08.2015. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in post-stroke patients Piotr Dzięgielewski1, Emilia Mikołajewska1,2,3, Aleksander Goch1,4 1 Department of Physiotherapy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medium in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń 2 Rehabilitation Clinic, The 10th Clinical Military Hospital with Policlinic, Bydgoszcz, Poland 3 Neurocognitive Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń 4 Cardiology and Cardiosurgery Clinic, The 10th Clinical Military Hospital with Policlinic, Bydgoszcz, Poland Corresponding author: Emilia Mikołajewska Rehabilitation Clinic Military Clinical Hospital No. 10 and Polyclinic Powstańców Warszawy 5 85-681 Bydgoszcz, Poland e-mail: e.mikolajewska@wp.pl, emiliam@cm.umk.pl www: http://emikolajewska.netstrefa.eu Keywords: neurorehabilitation; physiotherapy; stroke; neurological deficit; brain edema; hyperbaric oxygen therapy; HBOT; neuroprotection; neurotherapeutic effect. Abstract Stroke is regarded as the major cause of brain damage, chronic neurological impairments, functional deficits, and long-term disability worldwide. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) might be taken into consideration as relatively novel method for brain repair. This article aims at analysis the extent to which the available ooprtunities are being exploited, including limitations associated with therapeutic use of HBOT in the therapy of post-stroke patients. Despite HBOT constitutes promising method in post-stroke patients further research is needed to better define the role of HBOT in the therapy of post-stroke patients.

Tywoniuk Jarosław, Mikołajewska Emilia. Short-term effect of botulinum toxin a injection on spastic arm function in post-stroke patients – preliminary findings. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(8):322-325. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.28942 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.28942 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%288%29%3A318-321 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/611589 POL-index https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/polindex/browse/article/article-33a2a1b9-aac1-44c3-9247-62eb6ef514c2 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.07.2015. Revised 21.08.2015. Accepted: 21.08.2015. Short-term effect of botulinum toxin a injection on spastic arm function in post-stroke patients – preliminary findings Jarosław Tywoniuk1, Emilia Mikołajewska1,2,3 1 Rehabilitation Clinic, The 10th Clinical Military Hospital with Policlinic, Bydgoszcz, Poland 2 Department of Physiotherapy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medium in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland 3 Neurocognitive Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland Corresponding author: Emilia Mikołajewska Rehabilitation Clinic Military Clinical Hospital No. 10 and Polyclinic Powstańców Warszawy 5 85-681 Bydgoszcz, Poland e-mail: e.mikolajewska@wp.pl, emiliam@cm.umk.pl www: http://emikolajewska.netstrefa.eu Keywords: neurorehabilitation; physiotherapy; stroke; neurological deficit; therapeutic game, BTX-A. Abstract BACKGROUND: Despite efforts of scientists and clinicians evidences for the effectiveness of post-stroke rehabilitation programmes following BTX-A injection still look weak and unclear. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) injection on spastic upper limbs muscles. CASE STUDIES PRESENTATION: Six ambulatory post-stroke patients were recruited in this study. All parameters was measured twice: before the injection and after 4±1 weeks of treatment. The participants received the same number of therapeutic sessions (ambulatory physiotherapy: 5 days a week). A significant decrease in the AS/MAS and MRC scores observed after treatment showed improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with BTX-A, initially expensive, may be regarded as effective due to low incidence of side effects, short period of hospitalization (if necessary), and reduction in the use of other drugs/therapies.

Mikołajewska Emilia, Mikołajewski Dariusz. Interactive motion-controlled games in the neurorehabilitation of adult post-stroke patients. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(8):311-317. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.28856 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.28856 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%288%29%3A311-317 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/611577 POL-index https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/polindex/browse/article/article-8153ebff-7978-415b-bb64-bd4f39919506 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.07.2015. Revised 21.08.2015. Accepted: 21.08.2015. Interactive motion-controlled games in the neurorehabilitation of adult post-stroke patients Emilia Mikołajewska1,2,3, Dariusz Mikołajewski3,4,5 1 Department of Physiotherapy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medium in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland 2 Rehabilitation Clinic, The 10th Clinical Military Hospital with Policlinic, Bydgoszcz, Poland 3 Neurocognitive Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland 4 Institute of Mechanics and Applied Computer Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki University, Bydgoszcz, Poland 5 Department of Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland Corresponding author: Emilia Mikołajewska Rehabilitation Clinic Military Clinical Hospital No. 10 and Polyclinic Bydgoszcz, Poland e-mail: e.mikolajewska@wp.pl, emiliam@cm.umk.pl www: http://emikolajewska.netstrefa.eu Keywords: neurorehabilitation; physiotherapy; stroke; neurological deficit; therapeutic game. Abstract Despite efforts of scientists and clinicians stroke still constitutes one of the major causes of disability worldwide. Motion-controlled video games become increasingly common adjunct to the traditional physical therapy. Such games are usually available, low-cost, fun, and functional ways to increase everyday treatment possibilities, both in hospital, ambulatory and home settings. Research and scientific publications concerning this issue are still rare. Assessment how interactive motion-controlled games can be incorporated into current guidelines of the eclectic approach within neurorehabilitation of adult post-stroke survivors is key issue within contemporary neurorehabilitation of adults. Complementary use of such games may constitute another breakthrough both in in-patient and out-patient rehabilitation and care. This review aims at potential of aforementioned solutions and modalities for the rehabilitation of function in cases of stroke.

Mikołajewska Emilia, Komendziński Tomasz, Dreszer Joanna, Bałaj Bibianna, Mikołajewski Dariusz. Role of toys in the development and rehabilitation of children with developmental disorders. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(4):224-228. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16864 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%284%29%3A224-228 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/554863 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16864 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011 – 2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.02.2015. Revised 27.03.2015. Accepted: 10.04.2015. Role of toys in the development and rehabilitation of children with developmental disorders Emilia Mikołajewska1,2,3, Tomasz Komendziński3,4, Joanna Dreszer3,4, Bibianna Bałaj3,4, Dariusz Mikołajewski3,5,6 1 Department of Physiotherapy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medium in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń 2 Rehabilitation Clinic, The 10th Clinical Military Hospital with Policlinic, Bydgoszcz, Poland 3 Neurocognitive Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń 4 Department of Cognitive Science, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland 5 Institute of Mechanics and Applied Computer Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki Universit, Bydgoszcz, Poland 6 Department of Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland Corresponding author: Emilia Mikołajewska Rehabilitation Clinic Military Clinical Hospital No. 10 and Polyclinic Bydgoszcz, Poland e-mail: e.mikolajewska@wp.pl, emiliam@cm.umk.pl www: http://emikolajewska.netstrefa.eu Keywords: rehabilitation; physiotherapy; developmental disorders; toy use; parent–child interaction; patient-therapist relationship. Abstract Developmental disorders (called also developmental disabilities) are disorders beginning before age 18 and characterized by delay of developmental skills expected to achieve in particular age or developmental stage. Every effort toward new ways of intervention is precious, and achievement of the therapeutical success still constitutes tru challenge. This study aims at assessment how toys can be incorporated into principles of the eclectic approach toward therapy of children with developmental disabilities.

For aim of this paper and analysis of the treatment methods in question articles from Pumbed basis were used. Pumbed basis, which works under the auspices of US National Library of Medicine and National Institute of Health, helped to analyze the treatment methods for chronic condition of heel spur and plantar fascia. The analytical process was based on bibliographical descript. Results of 1204 numbers were summarized because of specialist criterion. Heel spurs are bony growths growing out of the plantar fascia and other soft tissues lining nearby which conduct to the plantar fascia ignition. The occurrence of these is connected with burdensome feeling of pain that can be felt when making first steps after getting up in the morning. It is a serious condition that applies to more and more people. Being overweight, training sports straining feet are the reasons contributing to this condition. Yet, it is not a general rule for the risk group. Treating methods in this sphere give many opportunities for physical therapist and doctors. The best sustainable method is physical therapy supported by medical aids. However, not every case gives intended results. If the sustainable methods are not enough, the surgical treatment should be introduced. There is no doubt that any method of treatment is individually reclaimed by every patient.

Nogas Angela, Grygus Igor, Prymachok Liudmyla. Application physiotherapy in rehabilitation rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(11):184-194. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.166045 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3985 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 22.10.2016. Revised 30.10.2016. Accepted: 10.11.2016. APPLICATION PHYSIOTHERAPY IN REHABILITATION RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS Angela Nogas, Igor Grygus, Liudmyla Prymachok National University of Water and Environmental Engineering Abstract Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the most common forms of inflammatory diseases of the joints. The disease leads to deformation, then to destruction of the diseased joint and to disability. Physiotherapy is used for the treatment and rehabilitation of rheumatoid arthritis. It is assumed that physiotherapy treatments that promote remission of the disease, improve the quality of patients’ life, create the necessary conditions for comprehensive rehabilitation programs. Objective: Systematic’s review conducting of studies that assess the effect of physiotherapy in the rehabilitation of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: Theoretical analysis of scientific and methodical literature, methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization. Results: To reduce inflammation in the joints is performed UV of affected joints weak or medium erythermal or middle erythermal doses used UHF therapy. UHF-therapy prescribed to the area of joint in I or II dose, duration 10 min., the course – 5-8 treatments. For patients with minimal activity is added electrophoresis NSAIDs. Electrophoresis aspirin is applied on the affected joints (every day, the course – 10-12 procedures), which favorably affect the course of rheumatoid arthritis. Conclusions: Physical therapy can reduce pain and stiffness in the joints, prevent deformity and restore function, improve independence and quality of life. State of the art is a major incentive to develop new activities in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with rheumatoid arthritis to improve joint functional activity and their physical health. Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis, physiotherapy, rehabilitation, hydrotherapy.

Korabiusz Katarzyna, Lubkowska Anna, Wawryków Agata. Przegląd najczęściej stosowanych metod fizjoterapii w zespołach bólowych kręgosłupa wśród pacjentów NZOZ ŚROD-MED w Policach = The review of most commonly used physiotherapy methods in spineaches based on analysis of patient documents in NZOZ ŚROD-MED Police. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(4):127-140. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.49894 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3458 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 20.03.2016. Revised 17.04.2016. Accepted: 17.04.2016. Przegląd najczęściej stosowanych metod fizjoterapii w zespołach bólowych kręgosłupa wśród pacjentów NZOZ ŚROD-MED w Policach The review of most commonly used physiotherapy methods in spineaches based on analysis of patient documents in NZOZ ŚROD-MED Police Katarzyna Korabiusz¹, Anna Lubkowska², Agata Wawryków³ ¹FIZJO- MOBIL Katarzyna Korabiusz, 72-009 Police, ul. Armii Krajowej 18/4 ²Zakład Diagnostyki Funkcjonalnej i Medycyny Fizykalnej, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu, Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny, 71-210 Szczecin, ul. Żołnierska 54 ³Indywidualna Praktyka Fizjoterapeutyczna Agata Wawryków, 71 - 028 Szczecin, ul. Barbakan 1a/2 Wykaz skrótów DDM- prądy diadynamiczne TP- impulsowe pole elektromagnetyczne wielkiej częstotliwości TENS- przezskórna stymulacja nerwów DKF- diatermia krótkofalowa Odcinek C- szyjny odcinek kręgosłupa Odcinek Th- piersiowy odcinek kręgosłupa Odcinek L- lędźwiowy odcinek kręgosłupa Odcinek S- krzyżowy odcinek kręgosłupa RZS- reumatoidalne zapalenie stawów NFZ- Narodowy Fundusz Zdrowia Słowa kluczowe: fizjoterapia, bóle kręgosłupa. Key Words: physiotherapy, spineaches. Dane autora korespondencyjnego: Katarzyna Korabiusz email: korabiuszka@tlen.pl telefon: 668305955 STRESZCZENIE Wprowadzenie: Przedmiotem pracy jest przegląd najczęściej stosowanych metod fizjoterapii, które zlecane są w dolegliwościach bólowych kręgosłupa. Przegląd ten został dokonany na podstawie retrospektywnej analizy treściowej dokumentów medycznych. Cel pracy: Celem niniejszej przeprowadzonych badan prezentowanych w niniejszej pracy było zestawienie i analiza najczęściej spotykanych powodów bólu kręgosłupa oraz przegląd metod fizjoterapii stosowanych w Zakładzie Fizjoterapii przy ul. Siedleckiej 2a w Policach. Materiał i metody: Badaniu o charakterze retrospektywnym poddanych zostało 300. losowo wybranych kart pacjentów cierpiących na dolegliwości bólowe kręgosłupa. Pacjenci ci uczęszczali na zabiegi fizjoterapeutyczne do Pracowni Fizjoterapeutycznej w Przychodni w Policach przy ul. Siedleckiej 2a w 2008. roku (150 kart) oraz w 2013. roku (również 150 kart). Wyniki: Wyniki niniejszej pracy zostały oparte na technice retrospektywnej analizy treściowej dokumentów medycznych. Wśród analizowanych kart dominowała płeć żeńska- 187 kobiet oraz 113 mężczyzn. Najczęściej chorują osoby w przedziale wiekowym od 40. do 80.roku życia. Wnioski: Zauważa się znaczną przewagę zleceń na zabiegi fizykoterapeutyczne nad kinezyterapeutycznymi czy masażem. W roku 2008 najczęściej stosowanymi zabiegami w dolegliwościach bólowych było impulsowe pole elektromagnetyczne wysokiej częstotliwości oraz wyciągi, natomiast w roku 2013 LASER oraz terapia manualna. Summary Introduction: The review of most commonly used physiotherapy methods in spineaches based on analysis of patient documents in NZOZ ŚROD- MED Police as nowadays spineaches are one of the main topics of scientific studies that concentrates on: orthopedics, rheumatology, neurology, rehabilitation. Aim: The aim of this thesis is the review of most commonly used physiotherapy methods in Physiotherapy Institute in Siedlecka 2a Street in Police based on analysis of patient documents. Material and Methods: The findings of this thesis are based on technical analysis of medical documents. This technique helps to understand most commonly used physiotherapy treatment 300 randomly chosen patients documents with spineaches from Institute at Siedlecka 2a Street from 2008 and 2013 year have been analyzed. Results: This article is based on analysis of patient documents in NZOZ ŚROD- MED. As we can see the problems with spine are more connected to woman that man. Conclusions: There are more physical therapy than kinesiotherapy or massage. The most commonly physiotherapy method used in 2008 was TP and traction, and LASER and manual therapy in the 2013.

Cichosz Michał, Gąsiorowska Agata, Ciecierski Jakub, Kobylańska Marzena, Ławniczak Zuzanna, Karczyński Wojciech, Kochański Bartosz, Zukow Walery. Algorytm postępowania fizjoterapeutycznego u pacjentów po zabiegu laminektomii odcinka lędźwiowego kręgosłupa = Algorithm of the proceeding physiotherapy in patients after lumbar spine laminectomy. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(1):281-294. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.45358 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3349 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/710549 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 01.01.2016. Revised 12.01.2016. Accepted: 31.01.2016. Algorytm postępowania fizjoterapeutycznego u pacjentów po zabiegu laminektomii odcinka lędźwiowego kręgosłupa Algorithm of the proceeding physiotherapy in patients after lumbar spine laminectomy Michał Cichosz1, Agata Gąsiorowska2, Jakub Ciecierski3, Marzena Kobylańska4,5, Zuzanna Ławniczak5, Wojciech Karczyński1, Bartosz Kochański6, Walery Zukow7 1 Oddział Rehabilitacji Neurologicznej Popielówek; Fundacja Wsparcie Kowary 2 Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Piastów Śląskich we Wrocławiu 3 Wojewódzkie Centrum Szpitalne Kotliny Jeleniogórskiej4Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu, Katedra Fizjoterapii i Terapii Zajęciowej w Dysfunkcjach Narządu Ruchu 5 Wrocławskie Centrum Rehabilitacji i Medycyny Sportowej 6 Katedra i Klinika Rehabilitacji, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu, Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu 7 Wydział Kultury Fizycznej, Zdrowia i Turystyki, Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy Streszczenie Jedną z częściej stosowanych metod leczenia neurochirurgicznego dolegliwości bólowych kręgosłupa lędźwiowego jest laminektomia. Najczęściej stosowana jest ona w celu złagodzenia dolegliwości bólowych kręgosłupa lędźwiowego spowodowanych stenozą. W większości znanych przypadków pacjenci po zabiegu laminektomii odzyskują sprawność powoli a dolegliwości bólowe mogą utrzymywać się nawet do 18 miesięcy po zabiegu. W niniejszej pracy autorzy przedstawiają proponowany przez siebie algorytm postępowania fizjoterapeutycznego u pacjentów po zabiegu laminektomii lędźwiowego odcinka kręgosłupa. Summary One of the most frequently used methods of neurosurgical treatment of pain is the lumbar spine is laminectomy. Is typically performed to alleviate pain from lumbar spinal stenosis. In most known cases of lumbar laminectomies, patients tend to recover slowly, with recurring pain or spinal stenosis persisting for up to 18 months after the procedure. In this study authors presents the proposed algorithm for physiotherapy in patients after lumbar spine laminectomy. Słowa kluczowe: laminektomia, fizjoterapia, algorytm. Keywords: laminectomy, physiotherapy, algorithm.

Zawadka Magdalena, Fijewski Adam, Gawda Piotr. Ocena skuteczności wybranych metod fizjoterapii w zmianach zwyrodnieniowych odcinka lędźwiowego kręgosłupa = Evaluation of the effectiveness of selected methods of physiotherapy in degenerative changes of lumbar spine. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(11):373-388. ISSN 2391-8306. DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.34159 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%2811%29%3A373-388 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/671568 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 25.09.2015. Revised 25.10.2015. Accepted: 20.11.2015. Ocena skuteczności wybranych metod fizjoterapii w zmianach zwyrodnieniowych odcinka lędźwiowego kręgosłupa Evaluation of the effectiveness of selected methods of physiotherapy in degenerative changes of lumbar spine Magdalena Zawadka, Adam Fijewski1, Piotr Gawda2 1Studium Wychowania Fizycznego i Sportu Uniwersytetu Medycznego wLublinie (Department of Physical Education and Sport, Medical University of Lublin) 2Zakład Rehabilitacji i Fizjoterapii Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lublinie (Department of Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Chair of Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy and Balneotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin) Corresponding author: mgr Magdalena Zawadka Medical University of Lublin 05-334 Latowicz Transbór 9 magdalenazawadka91@gmail.com Streszczenie Wstęp Zwyrodnienia odcinka lędźwiowego kręgosłupa stanowią częstą przyczynę korzystania z fizjoterapii. Celem pracy była ocena skuteczności podejmowanych metod usprawniania u pacjentów ze zmianami zwyrodnieniowymi. Materiał i metoda Badania przeprowadzono w dwóch grupach pacjentów. W pierwszej grupie zastosowano fizykoterapię i mobilizacje a w drugiej fizykoterapie, mobilizacje i ćwiczenia w wodzie. Do oceny skuteczności postępowania użyto kwestionariusza Oswestry, skali VAS, autorskiej ankiety oraz testów funkcjonalnych. Wyniki Odnotowano zmniejszenie dolegliwości bólowych w obu grupach usprawniania (p< 0,001). Zmniejszenie wskaźnika niesprawności wynosiło w obu grupach około 10 punktów procentowych. Poprawie uległa ruchomość odcinka lędźwiowego średnio o 1,8 cm w grupie I i 1,6cm w grupie II. Zmniejszyła się liczba osób z objawami neurologicznymi w obu grupach. Nie odnotowano znaczących różnic w wynikach miedzy grupami poza bardziej przeciwbólowym efektem terapii w grupie I (p=0,032). Wnioski Metody fizjoterapii charakteryzują się porównywalną skutecznością w usprawnianiu pacjentów ze zmianami zwyrodnieniowymi odcinka lędźwiowego kręgosłupa. Zaburzenia sprawności oraz dolegliwości bólowe ulegają zmniejszeniu w wyniku zastosowanych zabiegów fizjoterapeutycznych. Wyniki wybranych testów funkcjonalnych nie zależały od rodzaju podjętego postępowania fizjoterapeutycznego. Słowa kluczowe: fizjoterapia, zmiany zwyrodnieniowe, odcinek lędźwiowy kręgosłupa. Abstract Introduction Lumbar spine degeneration is often cause of using the physiotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitation methods in patients with osteoarthritis. Material and methods The study was investigate in two groups of patients. In the first group was used physical therapy methods and mobilizations, in the second physical therapy, mobilizations and exercises in water. To evaluate the effectiveness of the procedure were used the Oswestry questionnaire, visual-analog scale, the author's questionnaire and functional tests. Results There has been a reduction of pain in both groups of improvement (p

Tywoniuk Jarosław, Mikołajewska Emilia. Short-term effect of botulinum toxin a injection on spastic arm function in post-stroke patients – preliminary findings. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(8):322-325. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.28942 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.28942 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%288%29%3A318-321 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/611589 POL-index https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/polindex/browse/article/article-33a2a1b9-aac1-44c3-9247-62eb6ef514c2 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.07.2015. Revised 21.08.2015. Accepted: 21.08.2015. Short-term effect of botulinum toxin a injection on spastic arm function in post-stroke patients – preliminary findings Jarosław Tywoniuk1, Emilia Mikołajewska1,2,3 1 Rehabilitation Clinic, The 10th Clinical Military Hospital with Policlinic, Bydgoszcz, Poland 2 Department of Physiotherapy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medium in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland 3 Neurocognitive Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland Corresponding author: Emilia Mikołajewska Rehabilitation Clinic Military Clinical Hospital No. 10 and Polyclinic Powstańców Warszawy 5 85-681 Bydgoszcz, Poland e-mail: e.mikolajewska@wp.pl, emiliam@cm.umk.pl www: http://emikolajewska.netstrefa.eu Keywords: neurorehabilitation; physiotherapy; stroke; neurological deficit; therapeutic game, BTX-A. Abstract BACKGROUND: Despite efforts of scientists and clinicians evidences for the effectiveness of post-stroke rehabilitation programmes following BTX-A injection still look weak and unclear. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) injection on spastic upper limbs muscles. CASE STUDIES PRESENTATION: Six ambulatory post-stroke patients were recruited in this study. All parameters was measured twice: before the injection and after 4±1 weeks of treatment. The participants received the same number of therapeutic sessions (ambulatory physiotherapy: 5 days a week). A significant decrease in the AS/MAS and MRC scores observed after treatment showed improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with BTX-A, initially expensive, may be regarded as effective due to low incidence of side effects, short period of hospitalization (if necessary), and reduction in the use of other drugs/therapies.

Mikołajewska Emilia, Tywoniuk Jarosław. Profile of patients undergoing therapy using botulinum toxin within the late neurorehabilitation of adult post-stroke patients. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(8):318-321. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.28934 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.28934 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%288%29%3A318-321 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/611586 POL-index https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/polindex/browse/article/article-f9b4bd83-e84b-4888-9acb-5b71eb387186 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.07.2015. Revised 21.08.2015. Accepted: 21.08.2015. Profile of patients undergoing therapy using botulinum toxin within the late neurorehabilitation of adult post-stroke patients Emilia Mikołajewska1,2,3, Jarosław Tywoniuk2 1 Department of Physiotherapy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medium in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland 2 Rehabilitation Clinic, The 10th Clinical Military Hospital with Policlinic, Bydgoszcz, Poland 3 Neurocognitive Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland Corresponding author: Emilia Mikołajewska Rehabilitation Clinic Military Clinical Hospital No. 10 and Polyclinic Powstańców Warszawy 5 85-681 Bydgoszcz, Poland e-mail: e.mikolajewska@wp.pl, emiliam@cm.umk.pl www: http://emikolajewska.netstrefa.eu Keywords: neurorehabilitation; physiotherapy; stroke; spasticity; botulinum toxin. Abstract BACKGROUND: Scientists and clinicians still look for satisfactory treatment for post-stroke spasticity, especially within long-term neurorehabilitation. Relatively novel therapeutic method is use of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A). OBJECTIVE: Contrary to the previous studies we focused on late post-stroke population. This study aims at showing such patients profiles. CASE STUDIES PRESENTATION: We decribe a convenience sample cases study analysis of six adult patients with post-stroke spasticity (mean time after cerebrovascular accident: 7.5 years) admitted to the neurological rehabilitation ward. CONCLUSIONS: Despite BTX-A is one of the most potent antispastic medications details of its optimal application and effectiveness within long-term naurorehabilitation of adults are still in the process of being confirmed. Current health status, secondary changes and complications, individual therapeutic goals and functional skills expected to achieve in particular case may significantly modify way of the therapy.

Mikołajewska Emilia, Mikołajewski Dariusz. Interactive motion-controlled games in the neurorehabilitation of adult post-stroke patients. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(8):311-317. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.28856 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.28856 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%288%29%3A311-317 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/611577 POL-index https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/polindex/browse/article/article-8153ebff-7978-415b-bb64-bd4f39919506 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.07.2015. Revised 21.08.2015. Accepted: 21.08.2015. Interactive motion-controlled games in the neurorehabilitation of adult post-stroke patients Emilia Mikołajewska1,2,3, Dariusz Mikołajewski3,4,5 1 Department of Physiotherapy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medium in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland 2 Rehabilitation Clinic, The 10th Clinical Military Hospital with Policlinic, Bydgoszcz, Poland 3 Neurocognitive Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland 4 Institute of Mechanics and Applied Computer Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki University, Bydgoszcz, Poland 5 Department of Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland Corresponding author: Emilia Mikołajewska Rehabilitation Clinic Military Clinical Hospital No. 10 and Polyclinic Bydgoszcz, Poland e-mail: e.mikolajewska@wp.pl, emiliam@cm.umk.pl www: http://emikolajewska.netstrefa.eu Keywords: neurorehabilitation; physiotherapy; stroke; neurological deficit; therapeutic game. Abstract Despite efforts of scientists and clinicians stroke still constitutes one of the major causes of disability worldwide. Motion-controlled video games become increasingly common adjunct to the traditional physical therapy. Such games are usually available, low-cost, fun, and functional ways to increase everyday treatment possibilities, both in hospital, ambulatory and home settings. Research and scientific publications concerning this issue are still rare. Assessment how interactive motion-controlled games can be incorporated into current guidelines of the eclectic approach within neurorehabilitation of adult post-stroke survivors is key issue within contemporary neurorehabilitation of adults. Complementary use of such games may constitute another breakthrough both in in-patient and out-patient rehabilitation and care. This review aims at potential of aforementioned solutions and modalities for the rehabilitation of function in cases of stroke.

Dzięgielewski Piotr, Mikołajewska Emilia, Goch Aleksander. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in post-stroke patients. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(8):302-306. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.28813 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.28813 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%288%29%3A302-306 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/611442 POL-index https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/polindex/browse/article/article-c640c258-b48f-4520-b83d-179a1f592c1b Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.07.2015. Revised 21.08.2015. Accepted: 21.08.2015. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in post-stroke patients Piotr Dzięgielewski1, Emilia Mikołajewska1,2,3, Aleksander Goch1,4 1 Department of Physiotherapy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medium in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń 2 Rehabilitation Clinic, The 10th Clinical Military Hospital with Policlinic, Bydgoszcz, Poland 3 Neurocognitive Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń 4 Cardiology and Cardiosurgery Clinic, The 10th Clinical Military Hospital with Policlinic, Bydgoszcz, Poland Corresponding author: Emilia Mikołajewska Rehabilitation Clinic Military Clinical Hospital No. 10 and Polyclinic Powstańców Warszawy 5 85-681 Bydgoszcz, Poland e-mail: e.mikolajewska@wp.pl, emiliam@cm.umk.pl www: http://emikolajewska.netstrefa.eu Keywords: neurorehabilitation; physiotherapy; stroke; neurological deficit; brain edema; hyperbaric oxygen therapy; HBOT; neuroprotection; neurotherapeutic effect. Abstract Stroke is regarded as the major cause of brain damage, chronic neurological impairments, functional deficits, and long-term disability worldwide. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) might be taken into consideration as relatively novel method for brain repair. This article aims at analysis the extent to which the available ooprtunities are being exploited, including limitations associated with therapeutic use of HBOT in the therapy of post-stroke patients. Despite HBOT constitutes promising method in post-stroke patients further research is needed to better define the role of HBOT in the therapy of post-stroke patients.

Lomeyko S M, Chuhrayev M V, Volodymyrov A O, Unichenko A V, Zukow W. Оцінка ефективності застосування фізіотерапії при тривожно-депресивних станах хворих на хронічні хвороби = Evaluation of the effectiveness of physiotherapy in the anxiety-depression patients with chronic diseases. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(6):183-190. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.18462 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%286%29%3A183-190 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/564726 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18462 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011 – 2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 21.04.2015. Revised 28.05.2015. Accepted: 05.06.2015. УДК 616.711: 612.821+615.831.8 Оцінка ефективності застосування фізіотерапії при тривожно-депресивних станах хворих на хронічні хвороби Evaluation of the effectiveness of physiotherapy in the anxiety-depression patients with chronic diseases С. М. Ломейко1, М. В. Чухраєв2, А. О. Володимиров2, А. В. Уніченко2, W. Zukow3 S M Lomeyko1, M V Chuhrayev2, A O Volodymyrov2, A V Unichenko2, W Zukow3 1 Санаторій «Трускавець», Трускавець, Україна 2 Науково-методичний центр «Медінтех», Київ, Україна 3 Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego, Bydgoszcz, Polska 1 Sanatorium "Truskavets", Truskavets, Ukraine 2 Scientific center "MEDINTEKh", Kyiv, Ukraine 3 Kazimierz Wielki University, Bydgoszcz, Poland Резюме Представлені результати дослідження ефективності застосування низько інтенсивної резонансної фізіотерапії та синглетно-кисневої терапії в комплексній програмі медичної реабілітації тривожно-депресивних станів хворих на хронічні хвороби. Summary The results of the study the efficacy of low intensive physiotherapy and resonance singlet-oxygen therapy in a comprehensive program of medical rehabilitation hidden depression in patients with diabetes mellitus. Ключові слова: фізіотерапія, тривожно-депресивних стан, хвори на хронічні хвороби. Key words: physiotherapy, anxiety-depression, patients with chronic diseases.

Mikołajewska Emilia, Komendziński Tomasz, Dreszer Joanna, Bałaj Bibianna, Mikołajewski Dariusz. Role of toys in the development and rehabilitation of children with developmental disorders. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(4):224-228. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16864 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%284%29%3A224-228 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/554863 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16864 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011 – 2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.02.2015. Revised 27.03.2015. Accepted: 10.04.2015. Role of toys in the development and rehabilitation of children with developmental disorders Emilia Mikołajewska1,2,3, Tomasz Komendziński3,4, Joanna Dreszer3,4, Bibianna Bałaj3,4, Dariusz Mikołajewski3,5,6 1 Department of Physiotherapy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medium in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń 2 Rehabilitation Clinic, The 10th Clinical Military Hospital with Policlinic, Bydgoszcz, Poland 3 Neurocognitive Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń 4 Department of Cognitive Science, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland 5 Institute of Mechanics and Applied Computer Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki Universit, Bydgoszcz, Poland 6 Department of Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland Corresponding author: Emilia Mikołajewska Rehabilitation Clinic Military Clinical Hospital No. 10 and Polyclinic Bydgoszcz, Poland e-mail: e.mikolajewska@wp.pl, emiliam@cm.umk.pl www: http://emikolajewska.netstrefa.eu Keywords: rehabilitation; physiotherapy; developmental disorders; toy use; parent–child interaction; patient-therapist relationship. Abstract Developmental disorders (called also developmental disabilities) are disorders beginning before age 18 and characterized by delay of developmental skills expected to achieve in particular age or developmental stage. Every effort toward new ways of intervention is precious, and achievement of the therapeutical success still constitutes tru challenge. This study aims at assessment how toys can be incorporated into principles of the eclectic approach toward therapy of children with developmental disabilities.