22 results on '"RADAR"'
Search Results
2. VALIDATION OF REMOTE MEASUREMENT OF RAIN CHARACTERISTICS BY THE METHOD OF DOUBLE FREQUENCY RADAR SENSING
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А. М. Linkova, A. A. Mogyla, H. O. Rudnev, V. M. Kantsedal, and S. I. Khomenko
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inverse problem ,double frequency sensing ,rain intensity ,radar ,raingauge ,Astronomy ,QB1-991 - Abstract
Subject and Purpose. The development of radar methods for measuring liquid-drop precipitation characteristics is of great importance for studying physical processes in the atmosphere and for lots of applied problems to be solved. At the same time, an experimental research of these methods in situ is essential to determine their frames and scope and estimate retrieval errors of the rain parameters. The purpose of the work is to evaluate effectiveness of the previously proposed method that is based on the parametrization of the distribution function of drops by size, uses averaged touch-probing data of the three-parameter gamma distribution of the parameters versus the rain intensity, and employs the double-frequency method of precipitation remote sensing. For its validation, the rain intensity results obtained by the radar sensing are compared with the data taken from the ground raingauge. Methods and Methodology. The measurement results gained by the proposed method are compared with the measurement results obtained by the standard technique. Results. An experimental study using the previously developed algorithm and with a refined double-frequency weather radar MRL-1 has been given to the double-frequency sensing of liquid-drop precipitation. The obtained results show that the proposed data processing algorithm for double-frequency sensing of liquid-drop precipitation is good at the rain intensity retrieval and makes it possible to estimate liquid precipitation amounts over long periods of time. Conclusion. The rain intensity measured with the use of meteo radar almost completely coincides, both qualitatively and quantitatively, with the data from the ground raingauge. The algorithm proposed by the authors for processing double-frequency radar sensing data on liquid-drop precipitation retrieves the rain intensity and, also, evaluates liquid-drop precipitation amounts.
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- 2022
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3. Photonics-based modular multistate digital coherent system
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I. V. Unchenko and A. A. Emelyanov
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digital antenna arrays ,radar ,active phased antenna array ,laser ,photodiode ,digital-to-analog converter ,analog-to-digital converter ,digital beamforming ,Information theory ,Q350-390 - Abstract
Objectives. The study aimed to develop interspecies and interclass methods for constructing coherent radio engineering systems based on a modular complementary structure.Methods. A set of modules and submodules having no narrow specialization and together constituting a flexible broadband hardware-reconfigurable software-defined radio engineering structure is considered as the basic set for constructing a digital radio photonic system path. Due to their broadbandness and complementary structure, modules and submodules have many applications both as self-sustained devices and as part of more complex systems.Results. Functional diagrams of modern digital receiver-shapers, as well as modules for amplifying radio frequency signals and converting radio frequency signals into an optical signal are presented along with a radio photonic synchronization network for generating clock signals. Calculations of the introduced phase error of a quartz singlemode fiber and graphs of the dependence of the change in the signal phase on external influencing factors are given. A concept for integrating the presented modules into the construction of a modular transceiver multiposition wideband coherent digital radio photonic system is proposed. The results of calculating radiation patterns and mathematical modeling the beam deflection of a broadband antenna array are presented along with antenna systems based thereon.Conclusions. The proposed circuit design solutions allow the time required for developing new types of systems to be significantly reduced due to the range of ready-made technical solutions. Not only are the parameters of the developed devices comparable to the best world analogues, but they also surpass existing solutions in terms of system integration. The developments have been tested under R&D project at the Kaluga Scientific Research Institute of Radio Technology and Hardware Solution Technologies (TAR). The proposed solutions are integrated at the subsystem level into advanced developments of products for civil and special purpose. Further development of the concept of building ultra-wideband devices allows reaching a new level in the technology of constructing modular multiposition coherent digital radio photonic systems.
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- 2022
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4. Topological texture-fractal processing of signals and fields in radiophysics, radio engineering and radiolocation: developed methods and technologies (1979 – 2022) - fractal engineering
- Author
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Александр Алексеевич Потапов, Проф.
- Subjects
Texture ,fractal ,scaling ,signature ,target detection and recognition ,radar ,Geography (General) ,G1-922 - Abstract
The report discusses the main directions of the introduction of textures, fractals, fractional operators, dynamic chaos and methods of nonlinear dynamics to create new information (breakthrough) technologies. The research is carried out in the fundamental scientific direction "Fractal radio physics and fractal radio electronics: design of fractal radio systems", initiated and developed by the author in V. A. Kotel’nikov IREE RAS from 1979 to the present. The relevance of these studies is related to the need for a more accurate description of all real processes occurring in radio physical and radio engineering systems: taking into account the hereditarity (memory), non-Gaussianity and scaling of physical signals and fields. The use of fractal systems, sensors and nodes is a fundamentally new solution that significantly changes the principles of building intelligent radio engineering systems and devices. The performed studies are priority ones in the world and serve as a basis for further development and justification of the practical application of fractal-scaling and texture methods in the synthesis of fundamentally new topological texture-fractal methods for detecting signals in the space-time channel of waves propagation with scattering (a new type of radar). The concepts of fractal engineering are introduced for the first time.
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- 2023
5. Additional radar signature for waterborne object recognition
- Author
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V.M. Gorobets’, M.I. Golovko, S.M. Zotov, and L.O. Kovorotny
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keel vibration ,radar ,recognition ,side vibration ,waterborne object ,Electronics ,TK7800-8360 - Abstract
Subject and Purpose. The article is devoted to the radio recognition of moving waterborne objects (sea-going ships). The problem lies in the lack of radar signatures, which is especially true for coherent radar in continuous mode, implying that more signatures for the waterborne object recognition is highly needed. An additional signature can be gained just by means of a simple mathematical processing of target reflection signals. This is particularly important for radio recognition systems in current use because this will hardly complicate the system structure. Hence, it will not affect its cost either. Methods and Methodology. The method developed for the retrieval of an additional radar signature characteristic of waterborne objects moving across a rough sea surface is based on a simple mathematical processing of a signal reflected from the moving waterborne object and taken from the phase output of coherent radar. The method approbation is by the mathematical modeling of signals at the phase detector output in the event of three waterborne objects such that have identical scattering cross sections but different periods of the side and keel vibrations. Results. Based on the mathematical modeling results, it has been shown that each of the local scattering centers keeps the ratio of the linear speeds of side and keel vibrations approximately the same for the same object. But the employed ratio takes different values for different objects. Conclusion. Having a single standard coherent radar in continuous mode and guided by the developed methodology, one can gain an additional signature for the target recognition, which is a ratio of the linear speeds of side and keel vibrations of the target. The suggested methodology can be used for the radio recognition of waterborne objects moving across a rough sea surface.
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- 2021
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6. Optimal nonlinear fi ltering of stochastic processes in rescue radar
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O.V. Sytnik
- Subjects
algorithm ,conditional markov processes ,digital signal processing ,doppler shift ,mean square error criterion ,noise ,optimal filter ,radar ,sampling frequency ,sounding signals ,spectral function ,stochastic process ,Electronics ,TK7800-8360 - Abstract
Subject and Purpose. Smoke, fog, avalanches, debris of collapsed structures and other optically opaque obstacles in both natural and man-made disasters make optical sensors useless for detecting victims. Electromagnetic waves of the decimeter range penetrate well almost all obstacles, reflect from the trapped people and return to the radar receiver. Due to the breathing and heartbeat, the human-reflected sounding signals get the Doppler phase modulation, which is an information signal. These information signals and their properties provide the subject matter for the present research with the aim to create optimal methods and algorithms of random event processing for the prompt location of survivors by rescuers. Method and Methodology. The method of stochastic analysis of the fluctuation Doppler spectra of reflected sounding signals shows that the information signals have properties of conditional Markov processes. Results. The problem of optimal nonlinear filtering of conditional Markov processes entering the radar signal processing unit has been examined closely. An optimal adaptive filter has been proposed to reduce the masking effect of interferences caused by non-stationary noises and sounding signal reflections from stationary objects. The optimality criterion is the minimum mean square error function whose current value is evaluated in real time during the filtering process as the statistics is accumulated. The filter coefficients are calculated by the recurrent, steepest descent algorithm. The real-time work is carried out through the use of fast Fourier transform algorithms. Conclusion. The structure of the optimal adaptive filter to be built into the radar signal processing unit has been developed. Real radar signals have shown that the optimal filtering during the signal processing in systems designed for detecting live people by their breathing and heartbeat facilitates the interpretation of the observed signals. Some spectra of real signals generated by human breathing and heartbeat are presented.
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- 2021
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7. АНАЛИЗ ПРЕДПОЛАГАЕМОЙ ВОЗДУШНОЙ ОБСТАНОВКИ И ВОЗМОЖНОСТЕЙ СУЩЕСТВУЮЩИХ РАДИОЛОКАЦИОННЫХ СИСТЕМ
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electronic interference ,jamming interference ,противодействие помехам ,радиолокация ,дальность обнаружения ,радиоэлектронное воздействие ,locating ,detection range ,radar ,локация - Abstract
В статье рассматриваются вопросы теории и практики радиолокационного обнаружения, способы обнаружения вражеских объектов при разных видах радиолокации и способы повышения требуемого качества радиолокационной информации, выполняющей функции системы разведки и оповещения для системы ПВО.Отмечается, что радиолокационное распознавание классов воздушных объектов – это необходимость для радиолокационной системы, выполняющей функции системы разведки и оповещения для системы ПВО (ВКО). Однако в условиях применения активных шумовых помех активная радиолокация не позволяет выполнить возлагаемые на нее задачи без существенного качественного изменения энергетических ресурсов, ее потенциальные возможности практически исчерпаны.Делается вывод о том, что одним из возможных путей разрешения невозможности достижения требуемого качества радиолокационной информации в условиях применения активных шумовых помех только за счет средств активной локации, даже объединенных в систему в практике, является комплексирование информации от средств активной и полуактивной локации., This article examines the theory and practice of radar detection, ways of detecting enemy objects in different types of radar and methods of improving the required quality of radar information serving as a reconnaissance and warning system for an air defence system.It is observed that radar recognition of classes of airborne objects is a necessity for a radar system that serves as a reconnaissance and warning system for the air defence system (ADS). However, under conditions of active noise interference, active radar cannot fulfil its assigned tasks without a significant qualitative change of energy resources, its potentialities are practically exhausted.It is concluded that one of the possible ways to resolve the impossibility of achieving the required quality of radar information in conditions of active jamming only at the expense of means of active location, even combined into a system in practice, is a combination of information from means of active and semi-active location., Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 7 (133) 2023
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- 2023
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8. АНАЛИЗ ПРЕДПОЛАГАЕМОЙ ВОЗДУШНОЙ ОБСТАНОВКИ И ВОЗМОЖНОСТЕЙ СУЩЕСТВУЮЩИХ РАДИОЛОКАЦИОННЫХ СИСТЕМ
- Subjects
electronic interference ,jamming interference ,противодействие помехам ,радиолокация ,дальность обнаружения ,радиоэлектронное воздействие ,locating ,detection range ,radar ,локация - Abstract
Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 7 (133) 2023
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- 2023
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9. К вопросу продвижения беспилотных технологий на грузовом автомобильном транспорте
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радар ,автономное управление ,automobile ,energy recovery system ,система рекуперации энергии ,autonomous driving ,беспилотный грузовой автомобиль ,система управления ,автомобиль ,лидар ,control system ,unmanned freight vehicle ,lidar ,radar - Abstract
В обзорной статье рассматриваются перспективные разработки моделей беспилотных грузовых автомобилей основных российских компаний. Представлено обобщенное оборудование для обеспечения возможности беспилотного управления автомобилем. Показаны перспективы и возможные сферы применения беспилотных грузовых автомобилей. Анализ показал целесообразность развития беспилотного управления транспортной техникой, внедрения интеллектуальных платформ, способных коммуницировать с беспилотными автомобилями. Развитие скоростных автомобильных магистралей с использованием цифровых технологий способствует созданию отдельных конструктивных изменений, направленных на улучшение эксплуатационных характеристик и потребительских свойств автомобилей., The review article examines promising developments in the models of unmanned vehicles of the main Russian companies. The generalized equipment for enabling unmanned truck control is presented. The prospects and possible applications of unmanned vehicles are shown. The analysis has shown the expediency of developing unmanned control of transport vehicles, and the introduction of intelligent platforms capable of communicating with unmanned vehicles. The development of high-speed highways using digital technology contributes to the creation of certain design changes aimed at improving the performance and consumer properties of vehicles., Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 1 (127) 2023
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- 2023
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10. К вопросу продвижения беспилотных технологий на грузовом автомобильном транспорте
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радар ,автономное управление ,automobile ,energy recovery system ,система рекуперации энергии ,autonomous driving ,беспилотный грузовой автомобиль ,система управления ,автомобиль ,лидар ,control system ,unmanned freight vehicle ,lidar ,radar - Abstract
Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 1 (127) 2023
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- 2023
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11. Probing the forest canopy using a directed electromagnetic wave
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ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНЫЕ ВОЛНЫ ,ПЛОТНОСТЬ ,DENSITY ,TREES ,ДЕРЕВЬЯ ,ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES ,RADAR ,РЛС - Abstract
The article discusses the issues of forest canopy research. A solution to the problem of monitoring the state of the stand by probing with a high-frequency electromagnetic wave is proposed. This solution will find application in taxation and other Forestwork. В статье рассмотрены вопросы исследования лесного полога. Предложено решение проблемы мониторинга состояния древостоя путем зондирования электромагнитной волной высокой частоты. Данное решение найдет применение в таксации и других лесохозяйственных работах.
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- 2023
12. Анализ возможностей пассивной радиолокации при работе в диапазоне ультракоротких волн
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дальность обнаружения ,помеха ,сигнал ,диапазон ,interference ,bistatic technology ,радиолокационная станция (РЛС) ,detection range ,band ,бистатическая технология ,radar - Abstract
В статье предложен анализ радиопередатчиков, работающих в диапазоне ультракоротких волн, в качестве удобного источника сигнала для определения дальности обнаружения в пассивном бистатическом радиолокационном измерителе координат. Представлен теоретический анализ основных специфических особенностей бистатической пассивной радиолокационной станции, рассмотрены ее энергетические характеристики, а также воздействие различных видов шума при мгновенном приеме сигнала прямой подсветки и слабых сигналов, отраженных от объекта. Проведена оценка бистатических характеристик пассивной технологии при проектировании таких радиолокационных станций дальнего обнаружения объектов, а также исследован динамический диапазон приемного устройства пассивного радиолокационного измерителя координат при воздействии на него шума и мощность отраженного сигнала, которая базируется на эффективной площади рассеяния, что позволяет создать более эффективную бистатическую технологию пассивного обнаружения. Экспериментальные данные представлены в виде математического моделирования, которые включают в себя сканирование спектра диапазона ультракоротких волн в различных условиях для дальнего обнаружения объектов, рассмотрены несколько вариантов воздействия на диапазон различных условий местности и ландшафта. Результаты математического моделирования сопоставлены с теоретическим анализом специфических особенностей пассивного бистатического радиолокационного измерителя координат., The article proposes an analysis of radio transmitters operating in the ultrashort wave range as a convenient signal source for determining the detection range in a passive bistatic radar. A theoretical analysis of the main specific features of a bistatic passive radar is presented; its energy characteristics are considered along with the impact of various types of noise during instantaneous reception of a direct illumination signal and weak reflections from an object. The bistatic characteristics of the passive technology were evaluated when designing such radar for long-range object detection. Additionally, the dynamic range of the passive radar receiver when exposed to noise and the power of the reflected signal based on the effective scattering area, which makes it possible to create a more effective bistatic passive detection technology, was investigated. Experimental evidence is presented in the form of the mathematical modeling, which includes scanning the spectrum of the ultrashort wave range under various conditions for long-range detection of objects. Several options for influencing the range of different terrain and landscape conditions are considered. The results of the mathematical modeling are compared with the theoretical analysis of the specific features of a passive bistatic radar., МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ, ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ И ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ, Выпуск 2 (41) 2023, Pages 25-26
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- 2023
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13. Method for long-term coherent-noncoherent signal accumulation with non-zero higher derivatives range to radar target
- Author
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S. V. Kozlov and Van Cuong Le
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Physics ,radial acceleration ,TK7800-8360 ,сombined accumulation ,Zero (complex analysis) ,accumulation loss ,Signal ,Term (time) ,Computational physics ,law.invention ,acceleration derivative ,law ,radial velocity ,Range (statistics) ,fast furie transform ,Radar ,Electronics - Abstract
A method of long-term combined accumulation of the reflected signal is justified, which provides for its division into disjoint subsets, coherent accumulation in subsets using one of the fast algorithms and subsequent incoherent accumulation of the squares of the modules of the results of processing the subsets. A distinctive method’s feature is the use with incoherent accumulation of maxima of the squares of the moduli of the coherent processing results, that are selected from the range / radial velocity regions in accordance with a given hypothesis about the minimum and maximum values of the target radial velocity and the radial acceleration detection channel setting.The efficiency of the method was confirmed by simulation modeling. Using the theories of ordinal statistics and the method of moments, a method for calculating the probability of correct detection is developed. Estimates of processing losses are made in comparison with coherent and incoherent accumulation algorithms for a signal reflected from a point target, for the case when there is no range and frequency migration. Estimates for the required number of receiver channels are given.
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- 2021
14. Evaluation of the performance of algorithms for synthesizing radar images using Cuda technology
- Author
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S. V. Kozlov
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Computational complexity theory ,TK7800-8360 ,Computer science ,Aperture synthesis ,Fast Fourier transform ,Volume (computing) ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS ,fast fourier transform ,law.invention ,Computational science ,antenna aperture synthesis ,graphics processor ,CUDA ,Computer Science::Graphics ,radar image ,calculation time ,law ,Radar imaging ,number of operations ,Computer Science::Mathematical Software ,Radar ,Electronics ,Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - Abstract
The features of the implementation of the algorithm for the synthesis of detail radar images for an aperture synthesis radar using the built-in functions of the Cuda library are presented. The estimation of computational complexity from the standpoint of the organization of parallel computing on Nvidia GPUs is given. The estimation of the real performance of radar synthesis is given, taking into account the volume and features of the placement of primary radar information.
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- 2021
15. Reduction of Multiplicative Noise in Radar Images
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A. A. Tuzova, V. A. Pavlov, and A. A. Belov
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Synthetic aperture radar ,TK7800-8360 ,Computer science ,business.industry ,speckle noise ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,Speckle noise ,Filter (signal processing) ,Object detection ,law.invention ,Noise ,Computer Science::Graphics ,radar image ,law ,filter parameters ,Radar imaging ,Computer vision ,speckle noise filtering ,Artificial intelligence ,Radar ,Electronics ,business ,Smoothing ,synthetic aperture radar - Abstract
Introduction. A radar image is an image obtained by remote sensing the earth's surface with a radar device. Radar images are characterized by background graininess caused by speckle noise, which should be filtered to improve the quality of radar images. The structure of speckle noise reduction filters often comprise one or more parameters to control the level of noise smoothing. The values of these parameters have to be selected experimentally. In works devoted to speckle noise filtering, the methods used for selecting filter paraments are rarely clarified.Aim. To present a methodology for selecting the parameters of multiplicative speckle noise filters on a radar image that are optimal in terms of the quality of the resulting image.Materials and methods. The article presents a method for determining the optimal parameters of speckle noise reduction filters. This method was applied to the most conventionally used filters. The search for optimal parameters and testing of the filters were carried out using a specially designed image, which contained the objects most frequently found on radar images. The structural similarity index (SSIM) metric was chosen as a metric that assesses the quality of filtration.Results. After determining the optimal (in terms of SSIM) parameters of speckle noise reduction filters, the filters were compared to select the best filters in terms of the quality of radar image processing. In addition, the operation of the filters under study was tested on images containing various types of objects, namely: large objects, small objects and sharp borders. Knowing which filter copes best with smoothing speckle noise in a particular area and what values of the variable parameters this requires, an optimal quality of radar images can be achieved. Filtering not only improves human perception of radar images, but also reduces the influence of speckle noise during their further processing (object detection, segmentation of areas, etc.).Conclusion. The proposed algorithm allowed optimal parameters for several speckle noise filters to be determined. The quality of filtration was assessed using an expert method (visually) by comparing images before and after filtration, differential images and one-dimensional image slices. The Frost filter and the anisotropic diffusion filter with optimal parameters showed the best processing quality according to the SSIM metric.
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- 2021
16. An estimation of efficiency of filtering algorithms of state vector of small-sized observed object with non-Markovian approximation of trajectory
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B. A. Zaikin and A. F. Kotov
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Information theory ,kalman algorithm ,Computer science ,Gaussian ,Markov process ,Kalman filter ,Object (computer science) ,α−β algorithm ,law.invention ,Normal distribution ,symbols.namesake ,Nonlinear system ,law ,nonlinear filtering ,quadcopters ,Trajectory ,symbols ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,non-markovian approximation ,Radar ,multi-position radar ,Q350-390 ,Algorithm ,one-position radar ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
The article discusses the possibilities of estimating the states vectors of observation objects with the nonMarkovian approximation of the trajectories. The introduction discusses the problem consisting in the fact that the use of the approximation of the trajectory of the observed object by Markov processes in some cases can lead to a discrepancy between theory and practice. In the first section, we simulate the trajectories of observed objects when approximated by a Markovian process and indicate the limitations of this approach. It is proposed to use a multidimensional Gaussian distribution law for generating the trajectory of the observed object. In the second section, a study of the accuracy characteristics of a single-position angular-rangefinder radar and a three-position rangefinder radar are considered. Algorithms α-β, Kalman and nonlinear estimation are used in the modeling as estimation algorithms in these systems. The parameters and characteristics of the simulation are given. In the third part, the results of modeling the process of estimating the location of objects of observation with trajectories of movement approximated by non-Markov processes are presented. Modeling confirms the possibility of using submitted algorithms to estimate the trajectory of a smallsized object of observation, a trajectory model of which uses a multidimensional normal distribution law. It is pointed out that in several cases the filtering errors exceed the errors of a single measurement. This leads to the conclusion that further modification of the algorithms is necessary. In the final part, a recommendation is given on how to further reduce the estimation errors when using Kalman algorithms and nonlinear estimation.
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- 2021
17. Methods for Complexing Images Formed by Multi-Band Synthetic Aperture Radars
- Author
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A. A. Potapov, V. A. Kuznetsov, and E. A. Alikulov
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Synthetic aperture radar ,complexing ,TK7800-8360 ,Computer science ,Reliability (computer networking) ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,law ,Radar imaging ,0103 physical sciences ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Radar ,Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics ,Remote sensing ,010302 applied physics ,Pixel ,systems analysis ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,multi-band radar image ,Systems analysis ,Remote sensing (archaeology) ,Electronics ,Joint (audio engineering) ,fractal paradigm ,synthetic aperture radar - Abstract
Introduction. Synthetic aperture radars (SAR) are important components of aviation-based systems for remote sensing of the Earth. The current level of such systems allows simultaneous radar surveys in several frequency ranges. Such surveys require complexing of the images formed in each of the frequency channels, which task is yet to be resolved.Aim. To review the formation principles and methods for joint processing of images using space and aviation-based multi-band synthetic aperture radar systems.Materials and methods. The methodology of systems analysis, involving the integral stages of decomposition, analysis and synthesis, was used. Decomposition of integrating multi-band radar images was performed considering the effect of various factors on the characteristics of radar images in different frequency ranges. Such factors include the principles of radar imaging, issues of radar images of multi-band synthetic aperture radars with real characteristics, and complexing levels.Results. According to the classical systems approach, the results of review and analysis are corresponded by appropriate conclusions on the shortcomings of each decomposition element and the synthesis of a proposal for achieving the goal. It was shown that joint processing of multi-band radar images can be carried out at the levels of signals, pixels, features and solutions, as well as their aggregates. Each approach is characterised by its shortcomings, which impede implementation of full integration of multi-band radar images without loss of information, which is due to the absence of information redundancy of radar images, compared to, e.g., optical images.Conclusion. Recommendations on the application of a particular method and the synthesis of a system for radar complexing images based on the texture-fractal approach were formulated. Directions for further work meeting all the requirements for completeness, reliability and information content of remote sensing of the Earth were outlined.
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- 2021
18. ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МЕТОДОВ АКТИВНОГО ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ЗОНДИРОВАНИЯ ДЛЯ МОНИТОРИНГА МАГИСТРАЛЬНЫХ НЕФТЕПРОВОДОВ
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радиолокация ,oil trunk pipelines ,магистральные нефтепроводы ,Sentinel ,ICEYE ,radar - Abstract
В статье рассмотрены современные методы активного дистанционного зондирования, которые могут применяться для мониторинга состояния магистральных нефтепроводов и защитных сооружений при них. Целью работы является анализ характеристик радиолокационных съемочных систем Sentinel-1 и ICEYE, таких как режим съемки, ширина полосы захвата, пространственное разрешение и поляризация радиосигнала. Выполнены экспериментальные исследования методики предварительной обработки данных в программном продукте SNAP и рассмотрены ее основные этапы. В результате определены характеристики данных радиолокационной съемки, позволяющие использовать их для оценки состояния магистральных нефтепроводов, выделены преимущества и недостатки., The article discusses modern methods of active remote sensing, which can be used to monitor the condition of oil trunk pipelines and the protective structures around them. The aim of the work is to analyze the characteristics of Sentinel-1 and ICEYE radar survey systems, such as shooting mode, capture bandwidth, spatial resolution, and polarization of the radio signal. The author carries out experimental studies of the data preprocessing technique using the SNAP software and examines its main stages. As a result, the study determines the characteristics of the radar survey data, allowing them to be used to assess the condition of oil trunk pipelines, advantages, and disadvantages were also highlighted., Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 4 (118) 2022, Pages 20-23
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- 2022
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19. Research of the Efficiency of the Automatic System of Detection and Recognition of Objects on Radar Image Using Neural Networks
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Weber, V. I., Kuprits, V. Yu., and Zaikov, K. D.
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АЛГОРИТМ КЛАСТЕРИЗАЦИИ ,НЕЙРОННАЯ СЕТЬ ,NEURAL NETWORK ,CLUSTERING ALGORITHM ,РАДИОЛОКАЦИЯ ,RADAR - Abstract
Поступила: 18.07.2022. Принята в печать: 19.09.2022. Received: 18.07.2022. Accepted: 19.09.2022. Рассмотрены основные факторы, влияющие на эффективность автоматической системы распознавания объектов на радиолокационном изображении, полученном с помощью радиолокатора с синтезированной апертурой антенны. Разработан алгоритм кластеризации для выделения объектов на радиолокационном изображении. Приведены результаты применения алгоритма кластеризации радиолокационного изображения, позволяющего повысить вероятность правильного распознавания объектов. Приведен анализ эффективности применения алгоритма кластеризации в зависимости от порогового обнаружения. Разработана и приведена структура двухэтапной системы алгоритма автоматического распознавания объектов на радиолокационном изображении. The main factors influencing the efficiency of an automatic object recognition system in a radar image obtained with a synthetic aperture radar are considered A clustering algorithm of selecting objects on a radar image has been developed. The results of applying the radar image clustering algorithm, which makes it possible to increase the probability of correct recognition of objects, are presented. An analysis of the effectiveness of the application of the clustering algorithm depending on the threshold detection is given. The structure of the two-stage system of the algorithm of the automatic recognition of objects on a radar image has been developed and presented.
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- 2022
20. Тенденции и перспективы развития радиолокационных систем с синтезированной апертурой космического базирования
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spacecraft ,viewing modes ,оперативностьполяризационная матрицафазированная антенная решётка ,informative value ,космический ,синтезированной апертурой ,информативность ,phased array antenna ,зондирование Земли ,аппарат ,радиолокация ,режимы обзора ,дистанционное ,efficiency ,радиолокатор с ,remote sensing of the Earth ,synthesized aperture radar ,polarization matrix ,radar - Abstract
В статье оценена роль радиолокаторов с синтезированной апертурой (РСА) в системах дистанционного зондирования Земли. Проведён анализ таких тенденций развития средств дистанционного мониторинга с борта космических носителей, как повышение информативности и оперативности. Выявлены перспективные направления развития подобных систем., We assess the role of synthetic aperture radars (RSA) in Earth remote sensing systems. The increase of informative value and efficiency are analyzed as the trends in the development of remote monitoring tools from space carriers. Promising directions for the development of the systems in question are identified., ВЕСТНИК ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И РАЗВИТИЯ НАУКИ РОССИЙСКОЙ АКАДЕМИИ ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫХ НАУК, Выпуск 1 2022
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- 2022
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21. Простой модуль локационных измерений доплеровского сдвига частоты и угла прихода на основе двухканальной поляризационной тандемной амплитудно-фазовой модуляции. Часть 1
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tandem amplitude-phase modulator ,polarization division ,reference heterodyne radio signal with a given frequency and phase ,доплеровский сдвиг частоты ,опорный гетеродинный радиосигнал с заданной частотой и фазой ,радиолокация ,Doppler frequency shift ,радиофотоника ,тандемный амплитудно-фазовый модулятор ,angle of arrival ,поляризационное разделение каналов ,угол прихода ,radio photonics ,radar - Abstract
В статье предлагается простой метод радиофотонных измерений доплеровского сдвига частоты и угла прихода эхосигналов в системах автономного вождения, который позволяет удобно и точно получать информацию путём сравнения частоты и фазы огибающих биений двух каналов, разделённых по поляризации, за малый период времени. О знаке ДСЧ и его значении при угле прихода 90° можно судить благодаря введению опорного гетеродинного сигнала с заданной частотой и фазой. В модуле, реализующем метод, используются два параллельных тандемных амплитудно-фазовых модулятора для получения двухчастотных сигналов с подавленной несущей и разностной частотой, равной частоте сигналов системы: локационного, гетеродинного и двух эхосигналов с соседних элементов антенной решётки. В первой части статьи приведён сравнительный анализ существующих радиофотонных методов и средств одновременного или практически одновременного измерения доплеровского сдвига частоты и угла прихода и описан принцип действия модуля, реализующего предложенный метод, оценочно показаны его преимущества и недостатки. Целевые характеристики, предполагаемые к достижению, заключаются в измерении доплеровского сдвига частоты в диапазоне ± 100 кГц и диапазоне локационных частот 15–40 ГГц с погрешностью в ±10 Гц и измерении угла прихода в диапазоне от 0 до π/2 с погрешностью менее ±1,7 мрад., Introduction. One of the new, actively developing functions of radars, necessary for providing processes of intelligent or autonomous cars, is determining the location and motion parameters of other objects in real time, which includes the simultaneous measurement of the Doppler frequency shift (DFS), as well as the angle of arrival (AoA) of the echo. Recently, due to the advantages of large instantaneous bandwidth, low transmission losses and resistance to electromagnetic interferences, a lot of methods based on radio photonics technologies have been developed to implement radio measurements of DFS and AoA in the optical range. The aim of the research was to develop the principle of operation of a new simple radio photonic system for simultaneous measurements of DFS and AoA, which obtains information by comparing the frequency and phase shift values, respectively, of the down-converted signals of two channels. Moreover, the use of a reference signal, the reference frequency and phase allows to get the sign of the DFS, and the AoA from the direction of a perpendicular to the line connecting two reception antennas. Methods. It is proposed to build a circuit of a block of modulators for measuring DFS and AoA based on tandem single-port amplitude and phase modulators (TAPM) that implement the Ilyin-Morozov single-frequency coherent radiation conversion method with complete carrier suppression and high spectral purity when the parameters of the amplitude-phase conversion deviate from the optimal ones. In the system being developed, location, reflected, and heterodyne radio signals are fed to two TAPMs, each defines one measurement channel with total carrier suppression. As a result, the DFS (including the value and sign) and the AoA can be obtained from the analysis of the signals of each channels in terms of the parameters of their beat envelope. Conclusion.Thus, the first part of the paper presents the principle of operation of the module, which has a very simple structure and low cost. A wide operating frequency range determined by the modulator bandwidth, and a low-frequency photodetector provide high reliability due to a simple procedure for calibrating and controlling the temperature conditions of the elements. The target characteristics expected to be achieved and which will be presented in the second part of the paper are to measure the DFS in the range of ±100 kHz at operating frequencies of 15-40 GHz with an error of ±10 Hz and to measure the AoA in the range from 0 to π/2 with an error less than ±1.7 mrad., ВЕСТНИК ПОВОЛЖСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА. СЕРИЯ: РАДИОТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ И ИНФОКОММУНИКАЦИОННЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ, Выпуск 3 (55) 2022, Page 58–71
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- 2022
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22. Обнаружение беспилотных летательных аппаратов с использованием рассеяния радиоволн на акустических возмущениях среды, создаваемых летательным аппаратом
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acoustic wave ,adio acoustic sounding ,акустична хвиля ,распознавание ,scattering ,detection ,безпілотний літальний апарат ,радіолокаційна станція ,виявлення ,розсіювання ,радіоакустичне зондування ,рассеяние ,радиоакустическое зондирование ,unmanned aerial vehicle ,радиолокационная станция ,беспилотный летательный аппарат ,обнаружение ,recognition ,розпізнавання ,акустическая волна ,radar - Abstract
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have recently become widespread, because they are capable of performing a wide range of functions useful for mankind. At the same time, UAVs are a source of potential threats in a number of areas of human activity, namely, military, economic, and everyday life. Therefore, an urgent scientific and technical problem of detecting and observing UAVs has been formed recently to prevent them from performing unauthorized actions. The main means of UAV surveillance are radar (both active and passive), optical, infrared, acoustic stations, as well as complex systems in which joint processing of information obtained using these information channels is carried out. However, in general, the scientific and technical problem of monitoring UAVs, especially small UAVs, remains unresolved: the efficiency of UAV detection using all these methods remains insufficient, and the needs of practice are far from being fully satisfied with the available means. This article is devoted to the analysis of currently known scientific and practical results aimed to assess the possibility of detecting UAVs by radio signals scattered by acoustic disturbances of the environment created by UAVs, and to formulate urgent scientific and technical problems in this aria of knowledge., Беспилотные летательные аппараты (БПЛА) получили в последнее время значительное распространение, поскольку способны выполнять широкий спектр полезных для человечества функций. В то же время БПЛА являются источником потенциальных угроз в ряде областей деятельности человека – военной, хозяйственной, повседневной. Поэтому в последние годы сформировалась актуальная научно-техническая проблема обнаружения и наблюдения БПЛА с целью предотвращения выполнения ими несанкционированных действий. Основными средствами наблюдения БПЛА являются радиолокационные (как активные, так и пассивные), оптические, инфракрасные, акустические станции, а также комплексные системы, в которых осуществляется совместная обработка информации, получаемой с использованием указанных информационных каналов. Однако в целом научно-техническая проблема наблюдения БПЛА, особенно малых БПЛА, остается нерешенной: эффективность обнаружения БПЛА с использованием всех указанных методов остается недостаточной, а потребности практики имеющимися средствами удовлетворяются далеко не в полной мере. Cтатья посвящена анализу известных научных и практических результатов с целью оценки возможности обнаружения БПЛА по радиосигналам, рассеянным на акустических возмущениях среды, создаваемых БПЛА, и формулированию актуальных научных и технических задач в данной области знаний., Безпілотні літальні апарати (БПЛА) отримали значне поширення, оскільки здатні виконувати широкий спектр корисних для людства функцій. У той же час БПЛА є джерелом потенційних загроз у ряді областей діяльності людини – військовій, господарській, повсякденній. Тому в останні роки сформувалася актуальна науково-технічна проблема виявлення і спостереження БПЛА з метою запобігання виконання ними несанкціонованих дій. Основними засобами спостереження БПЛА є радіолокаційні (як активні, так і пасивні), оптичні, інфрачервоні, акустичні станції, а також комплексні системи, в яких здійснюється спільна обробка інформації, що була одержана з використанням зазначених інформаційних каналів. Однак в цілому науково-технічна проблема спостереження БПЛА, особливо малих БПЛА, залишається невирішеною: ефективність виявлення БПЛА з використанням всіх зазначених методів залишається недостатньою, а потреби практики наявними засобами задовольняються далеко не в повній мірі. Cтаття присвячена аналізу відомих наукових і практичних результатів з метою оцінки можливості виявлення БПЛА за радіосигналами, розсіяними на акустичних збуреннях середовища, створюваних БПЛА, і формулювання актуальних наукових і технічних завдань в даній області знань.
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- 2021
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