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This paper aims to analyse and evaluate the state of the entrepreneurial ecosystem of international business in the transition economy based on the evidence of the southern region of Ukraine. The tasks of the study are (i) to identify the presence of components of the international business ecosystem and their quality depending on the level of development of the transition economy (policy, markets, finance, human capital, culture, support); (ii) to assess the current state of the components of the international business ecosystem; (iii) to identify constraining factors for the functioning of the regional entrepreneurial ecosystem for their further consideration when adjusting the trajectory of the development of the transition economy. The model of Isenberg was used to observe the structure of the ecosystem. The international ratings (KOF Index of Globalization, Global Competitiveness Index, Doing Business, etc.), the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, national laws, etc. were used for the qualitative measurement of the ecosystem performance. An online survey was conducted to assess the current state of the ecosystem and to identify the restraining factors of its functioning. The research results demonstrate that all domains of an international business ecosystem are in the process of formation. 80% of respondents rated domains’ performance at three points on a 5-point scale, indicating poor functioning the ecosystem. The respondents of the survey represent several industries but mostly agro-industrial complex. The restraining factors are ineffective government policy; business-unfriendly legislation; limited access to the infrastructure; insecurity of property rights; inefficient business support systems, etc. The research results show that almost all components of the ecosystem are less efficient in Ukraine than in Europe, except for the entrepreneurs’ intentions of networking and collaboration development. The paper proposed original research on the institutional context of the ecosystem in the transition economy. The study is built on the idea of the specific regional peculiarities of entrepreneurial ecosystems and the impact of transformational processes of the economy of the country. The results of the study can be used as a basis for a scientific focus on the policy of improving the entrepreneurial ecosystem. The article empirically expands the knowledge of entrepreneurial ecosystems and shows the potential and benefits of a complete integrated ecosystem for overall regional development.

In today’s reality, the agriculture plays a very important role not only in achievement of sustainable economic development, but also in solving the global problem of hunger and ensuring the state independence from external food supplies. All above makes this industry an important factor for consideration in many countries. In this paper, the authors placed the emphasis on the economic analysis of individual crops in the industry, namely spring wheat in the North Kazakhstan region. Thus, the purpose of the work was to calculate the economic feasibility of growing this crop. The analysis was the main method during writing process. Besides, statistical research methods played an important role, as well as comparison, modelling, induction, and other methods. The article demonstrated that the cost of elite seed production is much higher than the cost of commercial grain crops per hectare. At the same time, the seed production helps to increase profitability per hectare; however, it can be observed the opposite trend in terms of efficiency per unit of capital invested, which was higher for producers of commercial grains than seeds. With that, the specifics of seed production impose higher requirements on agricultural producers in terms of energy efficiency, namely the provision of machine-tractor fleet and fleet of agricultural machinery, storage facilities, as well as equipment for cleaning grain. The paper draws conclusions about the decision for entrepreneurs to invest in the production of one or another type of product. The article brings new knowledge for understanding the peculiarities of economic development in Kazakhstan, especially in regional aspect and sector specifics

Purpose: this paper is to present the activity of an enterprise in the context of a case study by presenting this case study as a research method. Findings: Some of the most important findings are the entrepreneur's personality characteristics, previous experience in the relevant field, the prominent initiative and high level of risk-taking, his open-mindedness, entrepreneur takes care of the creation and preservation of the business reputation under the slogan: Family, work, satisfaction, as an important condition for the establishment of good human relationships. Practical implications (if applicable): The paper reflects the successful path of the entrepreneur in focus, which despite the hardships, he realizes his individual vision and fills the needs they see in society by bringing new products or services into the marketplace. Originality/Value: The paper analyzes the birth, growth, and development in given conditions of a concrete enterprise and this emphasizes the deeply original character of the study. Research limitations/Future research: However, the paper analyzes a concrete case and this constitutes a limitation.

Agriculture remains an important component of Kazakhstan's development, creating a significant part of the country's GDP. However, it still requires finding new opportunities to increase the efficiency of its functioning. Thus, the purpose of the work was to analyse the possibility of developing agriculture in the Republic of Kazakhstan, namely, with the help of innovations. The main method used in writing the article can be considered modelling, taking into account the number of models of functioning of state regulation in the country built in the work to improve innovation processes in the country. Other methods include analysis, induction, comparison, and others. This paper substantiates the need to improve state regulation in the field of innovation in agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and also describes the likely directions of development in this direction. In connection with the existing shortcomings in the management system, models of state support for enterprises in the agricultural sector were developed and proposed for the development of innovation in the industry. The presented models provide the possibility of using modern tools for regulating processes, taking into account a systematic approach, which ensures the coordination of actions of the relevant authorities to ensure both private and national interests. The main difference between the models proposed in the work and those existing in the Republic of Kazakhstan is the presence of a single centre that is fully responsible for the development of agriculture at the local and national levels, and ensures the achievement of an increase in innovation in it. Thus, the work allows re-evaluating the existing methods of agricultural development, and also brings new knowledge to the formation of the principles of public administration

The article studies the issues of competition development processes scientific support in the Russian power market. Based on the study results and the Russian electric power market current model experience evaluation, conclusions have been drawn about the need for additional research into the competition development in the market with the subsequent development and a new set of scientifically sound measures implementation to create acceptable conditions for competition of its subjects. The market properties in many respects diverge from the properties of markets with developed competition. The market has not yet managed to create any acceptable competition conditions, forming systemic conditions for a noticeable increase in the entrepreneurship efficiency. It is characterized by the presence of serious systemic problems that have a significant negative impact on its subjects functioning efficiency and require solutions. The article analyzes the directions and areas of insufficient scientific study on the issues of market interaction between consumers and electric power producers as important reasons for the the modern Russian power market problems persistence. The paper characterizes the complex of research and design developments for a new package of interrelated science-based measures implementation for competition conditions development in the power market, aimed at bringing its properties closer to the properties of markets with developed competition.

Ukraine’s economy is highly dependent on the agricultural sector; it is the main component of the country’s international specialisation in the international arena and is one of the main representatives of budget revenues. Thus, its research remains relevant, as does the investigation of historical prerequisites and prospects for this. The purpose of the study was to assess the latest trends in the development of the industry and, based on them, form recommendations for the development of the country, in particular, in wartime conditions. The main methods used in the study were analysis, historical analysis, forecasting, and abstraction. Within the framework of the study, some statistical data describing the latest trends in the development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine were analysed, including international trade in industry products, the amount of land planted with agricultural crops, the amount of livestock products produced. It was found that there were positive trends in the development of agriculture in the country, especially in the field of crop production. However, the events of 2014 and 2022 have led to political and economic instability in the country, resulting in stagnation (in the case of animal husbandry) and a decrease in growth rates (for crop production). Considering the difficulties that exist for the development of crop production in war conditions, separate recommendations were proposed for the development of national policy. These include minimising the negative impact of corruption (developing institutions), promoting innovation, and attracting investment. Although some such actions are already being implemented by the state in the form of various support measures, they are still not enough to solve all the problems of development in the sector. The paper brings new knowledge to the field of research in the agricultural sector, in particular in Ukraine. This knowledge will allow for more effective policy-making for both public sector representatives and entrepreneurs

Currently, the development of small and medium businesses is considered a key driver for the formation and growth of market economy, which is especially true for Russia, since the contribution of these types of businesses to gross domestic product is low. However, in the Russian Federation there are still no in-depth studies of the factors of entrepreneurial activity development, one of which is the level of education. This paper examines the impact of education, especially economic education, on success in entrepreneurship. The authors analysed data on Russian billionaires and found that one in three of them has a degree and only 3 % do not have a higher education, which is very different from the national average. Then, with the help of the counterparty reviewing service, an inspect of teachers from the Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management (thereinafter referred to as NSUEM) was made on doing business, which showed the connection between the level of education, turnover and business net profit. The main result of the study is a sociological survey of the NSUEM teaching staff about doing business. It made possible to formulate a number of conclusions on the degree and nature of the influence of the education level on entrepreneurship. In particular, a comparison was conducted: assessments of the main factors hindering business progress, according to ordinary entrepreneurs from the survey provided by Synergy University, were compared to the answers of entrepreneurs of the current study.

Purpose: This research work attempts to identify the determining factors of Koléa university campus generation Z students’ entrepreneurial intention. Design/Method/Approach: The applied research method is a quantitative approach in which a sample of 93 responses were analyzed using two software tools, IBM SPSS 25 and smartPLS4, and by adopting Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Partial Least Squares (PLS-SEM) for analysis and estimation. Findings: Results showed a significant and positive impact of subjective norms on the entrepreneurial intention of the study sample. However, entrepreneurial training, attitude towards entrepreneurship and perceived behavioral control had no impact on the entrepreneurial intentions of these students. thus, these findings led to validate the first hypothesis and reject the other three. Theoretical Implications: This study contributes to the extent literature on generation Z students’ entrepreneurial intention in an Algerian context by highlighting the importance of subjective norms in fostering this intention. Practical Implications: Algerian universities should improve and pay more attention to entrepreneurial education and trainings they offer to their students in order to incite them to create their own business using adequate methods. Originality/Value: Understanding the characteristics and needs of Z generation students is important for universities and businesses. knowing what stimulates the generation Z entrepreneurial intention is both interesting and primordial. This information will enable universities to qualify, evaluate, and improve their entrepreneurial training programs. Also, such study in the Algerian context is scarce and still not common. Research Limitations/Future Research: Like many research studies, this study presents limitations, including those related to the size of the sample and the fact that it focuses on only Koléa university students. Hence, it is preferred to conduct further researches on the factors influencing entrepreneurial intention among Generation Z students belonging to various Algerian universities and conclude through generalizing the findings. Also, a longitudinal study would be a great way to track this intention and identifying the other factors that led and pushed some students to take the action and create their own business. Paper type: empirical.

Background. Currently, the number of entrepreneurs who run traditional business or create a startup is growing. A startup is a special type of entrepreneurial activity that increases the risks of doing business. In this regard, the question of the personality traits of the entrepreneur who has a traditional business and the founder of the startup arises. Objective. The aim is to identify distinctive professional values of entrepreneurs who prefer traditional business (hereinafter referred to as TB entrepreneurs) and startup entrepreneurs. Methods. The hypotheses were tested by a survey including two test methods: the Rokich values method, a modified method from the Bushkova-Shiklina study. The paper compared the set of professional values of traditional business entrepreneurs (TB) and startup founders. Differences in values were checked through Pearson's chi-square calculation (χ2 ⸻ Pearson consent criterion). Sample. The sample consisted of 90 people. Of these, 46 participants (25 men and 21 women) are entrepreneurs, and 44 (27 men and 17 women) participants are startup founders living in Moscow and St. Petersburg. The age of respondents is from 20 to 40 years. Results. Statistically significant differences in the values of TB entrepreneurs and startup founders could not be found. The set of common values of TB entrepreneurs and startup founders is the same: interest in work, financially secure life, development. However, each group of entrepreneurs has its own specific values. TB entrepreneurs emphasise professionalism while startup founders emphasise success. Conclusions. TB entrepreneurs and startup founders have similar values. The personalities of TB entrepreneurs and startup founders have many similarities, similar values and directions in life, despite the fact that the activities of these two groups are not identical and have their own characteristics. A startup should be considered as a subtype of entrepreneurship. TB entrepreneurs demonstrate professionalism as a specific professional value. Startup founders have another specific professional value which is freedom.

The article examines the consequences of the impact of Russia’s military aggression on the current state of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Ukraine. One of the priority areas for the recovery of the Ukrainian economy from the consequences of the economic crisis caused by military actions and the global crisis is the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to analyse the dynamics of business activity of small and medium-sized businesses within the domestic market and foreign economic activity, considering the tax reform that has begun since the Russian Federation invaded Ukraine. The subject of the study was chosen to be Ukraine’s small and medium-sized businesses for several reasons: firstly, SMEs accounted for about 70% of employment in the country; secondly, SMEs accounted for almost 60% of gross sales before the military situation. The study used theoretical and empirical methods: induction, explanation, generalisation, comparative analysis, observation and description, and the abstract logical approach was used to make conclusions. In our study, we took into account legislative changes and existing government support instruments that contribute to improving the business climate in the country and, based on secondary data, identified how the mood of entrepreneurs has changed and what the Ukrainian business community should expect shortly, taking into account the reforms and the current economic situation in Ukraine. In addition, the study paid particular attention to the assessments of business representatives, primarily to the expectations of industrial enterprises regarding the prospects for developing their business activity, as expressed in the business confidence indicator and the business climate indicator. The paper has identified several problems that hinder the functioning of SMEs by industry and identified several scenarios for developing SME business needs, taking into account current government actions. The main challenges to the development of SMEs were logistical problems, labour shortages, a significant rise in the cost of raw materials and resources for production, risks associated with hostilities and mining, blocking of foreign trade flows, forced relocation, etc. In the face of these challenges, SMEs are trying to adapt by focusing on business processes, building new development strategies, and becoming flexible. However, a significant proportion of Ukrainian SMEs have been forced to refocus on export development due to the decline in the purchasing power of citizens.

Creative entrepreneurship is an emerging field that has gained increasing attention in recent years. Kazakhstan has seen a surge in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in the creative sector. However, these businesses face numerous challenges that hinder their growth and sustainability. In this paper, we will explore the creative entrepreneurship landscape in Kazakhstan and identify com-mon challenges creative SMEs face. We will also discuss strategies for overcoming these obstacles and achieving success in creative entrepreneurship. Through insights from SMEs in Kazakhstan, we hope to provide valuable guidance for aspiring entrepreneurs and contribute to developing the creative industry in the region. To investigate the challenges entrepreneurs face in Kazakhstan’s creative industries, we obtained data from a sample of 70 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in the sector. Our study aimed to gain insights into the problems encountered by these SMEs to inform policies and strategies for supporting the growth and development of the creative economy in Kazakhstan

Defining the basis for the development of a country’s start-up ecosystems as the basis for activating entrepreneurship is an urgent task of restoring the country’s economy. The purpose of this study is to identify ways to improve the country’s start-up ecosystem based on the construction of economic and mathematical models for activating business activities. The research methodology is based on statistical research methods, namely dynamics analysis; to assess the strength of the influence of each component of the start-up ecosystem on the change in position in the rating, regression correlation analysis was chosen, which allows identifying the strength of the influence of factors on the final indicator. The components of the start-up ecosystem were investigated, which means an interactive and interdependent set of institutions whose activities create an environment for the qualitative and quantitative growth of start-ups as subjects of innovative entrepreneurship development. The use of statistical analysis methods for the data of the countries, which were grouped into 5 clusters, allowed determining the absolute changes in the values of the Global Start-up Ecosystem Index rating indicators from Start-up Blink: rating change, quantitative component, qualitative component, business environment, general summary. Based on regression-correlation analysis, economicmathematical models were built, which describe the influence of the components of the country’s ecosystem on the change in the rating positions in the section of four clusters, demonstrating: a strong connection between the factors and the result (Clusters 2, 4). Weak connection for the countries of Clusters 3, 5, which indicates the dependence of the development of start-up ecosystems on other factors that are not considered in their description and which affect the development of start-ups and entrepreneurship in the countries of Clusters 3, 5. The practical value of this paper is that the results of the study can serve as the basis for the local and state authorities to form strategies to develop start-up ecosystems at the national and regional level

Entrepreneurship education is an essential premise for involving young people in entrepreneurial activities and the teaching methods are extremely important in increasing the capacity of individuals to assimilate knowledge and stimulate young people’s interest in entrepreneurship. The paper aims to identify the specific of teaching methods used in Moldovan educational institutions, based on the survey of young people – mainly students, masters and doctoral students from universities and students from the technical vocational education institutions, who studied the entrepreneurship course. The survey involved 289 students. The questioning was done face to face or in groups. The results of the study showed that, most of the students highly appreciated such methods that combine theory with practice (such as business plan development), as well as methods that motivate students’ activity and cooperation between students and teachers (interactive lessons, group work). Less attractive to young people were economic and mathematical methods (except for doctoral students) and the analysis of legislation by example. Considering that the students show a greater interest for the practical and interactive aspect of the course teaching, one of the conclusions emphasizes that it is relevant to practice the teaching methods, based on the use of experience and experiments (role plays; imitations, etc.).

The new digital environment and the COVID-19 crisis, having drastically increased the amount of teleworking and e-commerce, seem to have benefited GAFAM and digital platforms. Under the current conditions, SMEs and traditional businesses are forced to look for adaptive strategies. Some researchers (e.g. A. Carmeli and G.D. Markman) argue that they SMEs and traditional businesses need to build entrepreneurial and organizational resilience . And it is in this respect, in particular, that psychology can be usefully mobilized to analyze new forms of economic competition. On these grounds, the authors of the paper defend the idea that the SMEs and traditional businesses will be able to exist and assert themselves against their new competitors. In this new interconnected, turbulent and uncertain environment, this self-assertion passes through a strategic and organizational reconfiguration, but also and above all, through entrepreneurial action in its effectual logic which can lead to resilience and, moreover, to antifragility .

Introduction. The development of the sub-regions of the Republic of Crimea is characterized by a difference in the performance indicators of the enterprises of the tourism industry. The paper examines the differences in the efficiency of the activities of tourism enterprises in the Crimean subregions. Resource asymmetry in the region is considered as such reasons. Methodology. As a correlation with the territorial concentration of resources, the return on total capital is used, which characterizes the efficiency of the use of all assets of the enterprise. The study used methods of correlation analysis to establish this relationship, where the factor (cause) indicator is the resource asymmetry of the region. Other methods of statistical research (sampling, data grouping) and general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, systematization) were also used. Results. As a result of the study, one can note a higher efficiency of enterprises in subregions with a greater concentration of potential. Territorial concentration of potential characterizes unequal conditions for the development of enterprises in subregions. As a result, Greater Yalta, Greater Alushta and Feodosia are developing at a faster pace than other sub-regions of the Republic of Crimea. It has been established that subregions with a high level of concentration of natural and historical and cultural potential are characterized by a higher efficiency of tourism enterprises in the subregions. The result of assessing the dependence of the return on total capital and the level of territorial concentration of natural and historical and cultural potential turned out to be 0.73, which indicates a close connection between the indicators, assessed on the Chaddock scale. Conclusions. The results of the study can be used in planning the development of areas of activity and types of recreation in the Crimean territory in accordance with its resource asymmetry. This study is necessary to assess the prospects for the development of the tourism industry in the region as a whole. ДЛЯ ЦИТИРОВАНИЯ: Pavlenko I.G., Bukreev I.A. Subregional Features of Entrepreneurship Development in the Recreational Sphere // Research of Economic and Financial Problems. 2023. № 1. 2. http://doi.org/10.31279/2782-6414-2023-1-2-1-8

The paper aims to identify the factors that affect entrepreneurs’ decision-making on the use of social media and ensure the effectiveness of this activity. We discuss the role of entrepreneurial personality in their ability to use social media in promoting business. The concept of the entrepreneur personality profile and the model of decision-making factors on the use of social media constitute the methodological framework of the study. The research methods include the short five factors personality questionnaire (TIPI-RU) and tested inventory on the SMM application, as well as comparative, correlation, factor and regression analysis methods (Python). The information base embraces the survey data of 171 entrepreneurs in Primorsky krai. Positive assessment of the ability to apply social media, recognition of their benefits and value is characteristic of entrepreneurs with pronounced openness, extraversion and cognitive flexibility that affect their perception of situation and ability to see new opportunities. Entrepreneurs with insufficient cognitive flexibility may doubt the compatibility of the use of social media with the business especially amid low competition and lack of necessary infrastructure. The dependence and specificity of the use of social media by entrepreneurs identified in this empirical study can help to formulate recommendations for comprehensive programmes and training products for development and support of entrepreneurship, taking into account personal traits of entrepreneurs in order to improve the activities of small and medium-sized enterprises in Primorsky krai.

Making profits out of war is an ancient phenomenon. There are enterprises constantly supplying material to prepare armies and consequently profit from war. Enterprises have become aware that war itself and the post-war period is undoubtedly lucrative. However, the war also never works for any individual or group, except a dominant elite few: the wealth who propagate and influence patriotic and despotic war-peddling all over the world, making trillions of dollars in profit out of devastations and deaths, at the same time exciting their nationalism, and inspiring the citizen’s backing. The paper has examined Executive Outcomes (a commercial security firm) and the United States of America, Russia, Kenya and Uganda as countries that are examples of those engaging in Warpreneurship. But in the long run, the war in itself does not result in peace but immense profits and securing resources for the dominant elite few.