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The invention of the printing press in the 15th century revolutionized the way books were produced, making access to learning possible for anyone. In the 19th century, the library became an essential part of psychiatric institutions. Bibliotherapy is developed, which uses books to help people overcome certain problems. The reality offered by digital technology has opened a new era in the history of reading, fundamentally changing the way we read. The progress in communication technology in the 20th century leads to the emergence of the electronic book, thus information is made available online to the reader in a huge virtual library. Augmented reality is discovered, which manages to combine the two mediums, traditional and online, this being an interactive version of a real-world environment, achieved through digital visual elements, using holographic technology. Thanks to the images that come to life, involving more senses, the reader can reach a better understanding of the content. When access and availability are considered priorities, there is no doubt that electronic books are preferred, even though they cause fatigue and eye irritation. The physical book, on the other hand, is remarkably durable, does not need power or internet, can be edited in several editions, and continues to be valuable. In recent years, the demand for paper copies has become increasingly high, generating more than 150 billion dollars in revenue. Thus we ask ourselves the question regarding the survival of the printed book. The answer is, perhaps, surprising, but in an age of digital saturation, the traditional book has made a spectacular comeback in recent years, remaining, it seems, the preferred reading medium of true bibliomaniacs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper has as a main objective the comparison between the performances of a subject under the therapy of the verbal language, the performances expressed by her results at two tests, the ‘Draw-a-Man’ test in Jacqueline Royer’s approach and the ‘Star-Wave’ test created by Ursula Avé-Lallemant.The discussion on the results has demonstrated the validity of these tests in the displaying of the progress, as well as their complementarity in what concerns certain psychological aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On September 29, 1918, a commemorative monument was inaugurated on the Guşteriţa Hill, celebrating two years since the defeat of the troops of the Kingdom of Romania who had attacked Transylvania in late August 1916. After only two and a half months since the celebratory event, the Romanian troops permanently occupied Sibiu, and Transylvania was united with Romania. Everything happened so quickly that the whole public eye was taken by surprise. An empire led by a 600-year-old dynasty dissolved in a matter of just a few weeks. During these events, the Romanians were totally unprepared at the beginning, unlike the Czechs and the Yugoslav peoples, who started organizing their independence much sooner, i.e. during the war. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Annual General Meeting of the Europeana Network, held between December 6-8, 2017 in Milano, Italy, was organized by the Europeana Foundation and hosted by the National Museum of Science and Technology "Leonardo da Vinci". The meeting provided a space for the experience exchange, a discussion forum for understanding the challenges of the information explosion and for seeking new strategies for libraries. The European Cultural Forum was also an important event which included a large amount of information of the most diverse cultural themes. The article presents the succession of the events and themes debated in the annual meeting and cultural forum, detailing the aspects of the projects, best practices and directions of the future development of the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to give an account of what it is to internalize a rule. I claim that internalization is the process of redistributing the burden of instruction from the teacher to the student. The process is complete when instruction is no longer needed, and the rule has reshaped perceptual classification of the circumstances in which it applies. Teaching a rule is the initiation of this process. We internalize rules by simulating instruction coming from someone else. Running these simulations enables us to toggle between the perspective of the instructor and our own perspective. By doing this we coordinate our perspectives with that of the teacher. The account given here provides a deeper explanation of why internalizing a rule involves the dispositions and reactive attitudes proponents of Rule Consequentialism often say it does, why moral reflection is variably demanding, how intergenerational moral progress is made possible by our cognitive architectures, and why the adoption of a rule should be understood in terms of teaching that rule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is concerned with a set of indicators that can measure the environmental quality of urban life. Craiova has largely expanded in the last decades, which has generated a range of land management and dwelling problems. This type of rapid development is interfering with the quality of citizens' life, as well as the efficient use of resources of urban environment. In this respect, the paper will try to develop a methodology by using geographical information systems to evaluate the environmental quality and its variation across the Craiova area. The use of this methodology will enable us to cope with some of the specific problems raised by the urban development of the city through a computer distribution of available data, but also a useful tool for local authorities for better urban planning [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to underline the specificities of Theodor Fontane's work Wanderungen durch die Mark Brandenburg as a place of remembrance – and subsequently of the places of remembrance it contains – as well as the importance that this very comprehensive text has until today for the cultural space of Berlin-Brandenburg. The paper highlights a dynamic of cultural memory that ranges from overlaying places of remembrance to the emergence of new ones. The project has been completed and illustrated with some walks undertaken by the author of the article in the footsteps of Fontane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article continues the presentation of the printing workshops and paper mills in Sibiu, one of the oldest centres of the Romanian book publishing and journalism, with information about the work as printers, booksellers, publishers, and cultural animators carried out by Johann, Johann Petrus and Andreas Barth; Samuel Sárdi; Martin Hochmeister and Martin Hochmeister Jr. in the seventeenth to nineteenth centuries, as well as the most important works printed by them and their impact at that time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malignant and premalignant lesions of the vocal cords represent an important chapter in laryngeal pathology, raising a number of issues in the literature regarding diagnosis and optimal therapeutic approach. Surgical ablation of malignant tumor formations can be performed classically, by external approach to the cervical region, or endoscopically, transorally, using laser and cold instruments under the operating microscope. Regardless of the surgical technique used, the goal must be the complete tumor ablation, with or without oncological treatment, as determined by a specialized oncological committee. The authors present the case of a patient with laryngeal neoplasm located in the right vocal cord and anterior laryngeal commissure, on a background of chronic white hypertrophic laryngitis with multiple areas of keratin on the left vocal cord. The paper highlights the importance of laser technology in the successful resolution of both benign and malignant vocal cord pathologies, presenting multiple advantages over traditional surgery and offering superior oncological, functional and esthetic outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work aims to focus on a number of articles selected by the interwar agents of the Department of National Security from the lines printed in Floarea de foc magazine, a magazine founded in Greater Romania, in the context of heterogeneous socio-political metamorphoses and the accelerated development of modern Romanian society. The present paper contributes to a qualitative analysis of how political power generated ideologizing identities in interwar publication texts. In order to diagnose the way in which the publication under the leadership of Sandu Tudor positioned itself in relation to the ideological and cultural imperatives of the time and to distinguish the nuances of the regimentation of journalists and intellectuals within the horizon of a political ideology, the analysis approached an interdisciplinary perspective, which would allow perceiving the distinction between the journalist's language and the interwar Security Department agent's language. Thus, we confronted the data obtained from the notes prepared by the interwar Security Department, found today in the files of the CNSAS Archive, with the information obtained from the set of articles published under the signature of the authors investigated by the state institutions, in order to penetrate beyond the objectives of the interwar Security Department work, which consisted in gathering different types of information. Also, the paper corroborated the intrinsic information obtained mainly from the textual analysis (at the semantic, syntactic and narrative level) with the extrinsic data (ideology, sociogram, social fields) provided, for the most part, from the socio-critical investigation of texts from the interwar press and Archive documents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On January 27, 2021, the European Commission presented a guide (green paper), through which it launches a broad debate on the need to implement new strategies, correlated with the aging of the population. The document proposes a life-cycle approach to assess the medical and social costs associated with aging. This physiological process cannot be stopped, but it can be slowed down by adopting a healthy lifestyle and by supplementing the diet with standardized products, the premise being to ensure longevity and vitality, implicitly improving the quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper comparatively analyses the feminist problematic in the texts of four poets, two of them belonging to Romanian contemporary literature and the other two to Russian literature: Miruna Vlada - Elena Vlădăreanu and Oksiana Vasiakina - Anastasia Vekșina. The analysis starts from the ideas of the theorist Julia Kristeva, who studies female identity from the point of view of semiotics, anthropology and psychology. I will follow the predominant theme in the works of the aforementioned poets, feminist poets by self-definition and through their writings: the feminine outlook in the context of war, marriage, motherhood, the manifestation and survival of this perspective, observing the ideational and stylistic similarities and differences in the creations of the aforementioned poets. The aim of the paper is to uncover the universality of the female experience in contexts that may undermine it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting from Asbjørn Grønstad’s concepts of bio visuality and the responsibility of forms, the paper analyzes the issues that arise when adapting self-fiction into film. It maps out how the concepts can be applied especially well to self-fiction and New Romanian Cinema, then applies them in a comparative analysis of Cezar Paul-Bădescu’s book, Luminița, mon amour, and Călin Peter Netzer’s movie adaptation, Ana, mon amour. The paper argues that whereas the book’s ambiguity succeeds in transmitting its central themes, the movie fails to faithfully adapt the central ideas due to an inadequate choice in form. Finally, the paper argues that the formal issues cause ethical faults which hinder the transnational effort and negatively influence the worlding process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Romanian criticism has tended to use generational framing to delineate the boundaries of local poetic paradigms, which has also been the case for the Generation 2000 and Generation post-2000. If in the 1980’s a discussion about a Romanian postmodernism was put into debate, in 2018 the question regarding the emergence of a Romanian poetry metamodernism arises. In this context, I intend to trace in this paper the nuances of generational debates in order to outline to what extent this methodology succeeds in describing the mutations and the characteristics of recent poetry. With the posthuman turn and the possibilities for the emergence of metamodernism being debated, my paper addresses, on the one hand, the viability of metamodernism in recent poetry, and, on the other, possible points of conjunctions of posthumanism and metamodernism. The posthuman turn encompasses the post-2000 generation, while local discussions have also proposed metamodernism as a label for the post-2000 generation. The question I start from is to what extent, theoretically, is our local poetry metamodernist in its sensibility and specificity, and to what extent does posthumanism fit into a metamodernist heuristic label. Although the debate remains open insofar as the Romanian theoretical field seems rather refractory to transnational theoretical fictions, what I observe in this article is that metamodernism, as theoretically proposed, can be a viable alternative to the crisis of critical discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

his paper aims to explore what might be the limits of what we call today Biographical Novel, framed as Biographical Fiction or Life Writing, research that has as its central objective to find an answer to questions such as: what might be the features of the genre and what purpose do they serve today? How do we relate to past personalities in the present context and what can we extract from their lives – can we talk about censorship/ attributing an unrealistic context to a public personality? But more importantly, what is the relationship between fact and fiction constructed, given that the boundary between these is very vulnerable? All these questions are meant to guide the readers throughout the study. Even if the genre is not so much in demand among writers today, probably for reasons related to the economy of time, such writing can become interesting to study how the author chooses to present someone’s life, a choice that must first be well documented, and then fully assumed, with full responsibility for the facts shown. The points on which the paper will focus are related to the novel of Moni Stănilă Brâncuși sau cum a învățat țestoasa să zboare, the biography Constantin Brancusi by Sanda Miller and the „On Constantin Brancusi” study written by Dore Ashton, where the construction of Constantin Brâncuși’s personality, as it appears in their works, will be contextualized in World Literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper proposes an analysis of literature’s role in the current Romanian cinematographic context, starting from two case studies: After the Hills (2012) by Cristian Mungiu, based on the novel Spovedanie la Tanacu by Tatiana Niculescu Bran and Moromeții 2 (2018) by Stere Gulea, based on the novels Moromeții vol. II and Viața ca o pradă... by Marin Preda. The approach aims to carry out a comparative analysis regarding both the role played by the literary work in the cinematographic production as well as the valorization of the literary work through the film. In the current socio-cultural context, the artistic impact of a film creates the cultural premises for the propagation of a literary work to several types of audiences. Artistic products derived from literary works develop a series of issues regarding adaptation methods, aesthetic interpretation, and even artistic interference regarding the assimilation of a literary piece in relation to the cinematographic production. The paper presents two case studies to analyze how the literary work appears either as an adjunct to the cinematographic production or as a central element of the filmographic artistic exposition. These case studies are used to determine the role that the film industry has in the processes of internationalization, propagation, and even popularization of a literary work in a Romanian consumer society, which is dangerously far removed from the book industry. Thus, the scientific approach proposes an exploration of literary valorization through cinematographic artistic products in order to popularize and mediate literature in today's society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to investigate the ideological mutations that occur by turning the written text into an adaptation, using the protagonists that play the role of the marginal, both in the novel and in the movie, facilitating the breakthrough in the peripheral universe. Transmedia reveals the construction of the same fictional word, but the shift lies in the swinging between ideological isms: progressivism and conservatism, capitalism and anti-capitalism. This study is focused on recent literature and its adaptations. Characters have got the same name, they live in similar universes, but the main aim of this paper is to identify the shifts that result from turning the written message into a visual one. The same “story” can take a different ideological turn, therefore, both creations must be taken into consideration, in order to comprehend the global message. The ”double-creations” chosen to illustrate this point are: Love Sick by Cecilia Ștefănescu, motivating this choice by the progressivism of the adaptation in contrast to the conservatism of the novel, concentrating on the queer component; I am an old communist hag! by Dan Lungu where the focus falls on the anti-capitalist view, whereas the novel concentrates on an anti-communism ideology; Soldiers by Adrian Schiop, a case where the movie diminishes the focus on the progressivism, shifting the prespective on the universal love story between Adi and Alberto. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Honey is a natural product made by honeybees, containing numerous simple sugars, organic acids, vitamins, minerals, antioxidants and enzymes, which provide good nutritional and medicinal qualities. Honey that has come into contact with foreign substances like pesticides, or antibiotics loses a lot of its beneficial properties. In addition to their advantages and significance in agriculture, pesticide use has escalated recently and has a detrimental effect on bees and the items they produce. Controlling the presence of pesticide residues is necessary since beekeeping and agricultural practices might contaminate bee products with pesticides. In apiculture, antibiotics are used to shield bees from a range of diseases that affect their young. Due to the emergence of oxytetracycline resistance, erythromycin and tylosin are being utilized more frequently for the prevention of as well as the care of these illnesses. More than 35% of all pesticides sold worldwide are fungicides, and usage of these products is expected to rise in the coming years. The purpose of this paper was to present and classify the main classes of compounds found in honey and to highlight the main residue detection techniques used currently in honey quality control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our paper aims to reveal an inventory, an interpretation and a statistical analysis of Romanian names of plants which implicates the term „iarbă” (herb, grass), spread through the botanical terminology, a phenomenon which, as considered by E. Coşeriu is not enough highlighted (given that the individual speaker became creator of language / poetry whenever he named a flower. Botanical popular terminology has primarily a practical value, designating, distinguishing and categorizing elements of the plant kingdom within the given natural reign, but also has a high theoretical significance, especially for linguists, both by the ethimons to which they send back and by the metaphorical meanings the phytonims mostly have. Phytonys could be an important starting point in any kind of research, as they constitute a true linguistic and cultural heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our paper presents a series of theoretical reflections generated by the task of conducting anthropological research on food traditions and practices in a network of villages in Romania, in the context of restrictions on movement and social interaction during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was carried out as part of the Digital collection of Romanian food heritage and transfer to society - FOODie project. The pressure to respect both contractual deadlines in relation to the funder and health safety rules led us to the solution of online interviews. Due to the specific nature of our research, the people targeted by the interviews were aged and had minimal digital skills, which led us to call on a second member of the interviewed community, a PC user, who was ready to moderate the relationship with the informant and provide technical assistance. Based on these research experiences, we will discuss (a) the advantages and disadvantages of remote fieldwork; (b) the dynamics of the relation between the researcher and the respondent in this new methodological context; (c) the collaborative nature of the ethnological document, which is the result of the intersection of the researcher's thematic interests, her/his availability and skills and, in this case, the flair, intuition and persuasiveness of the actor mediating the meeting between the two. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Fifteen years after the failure of the first national immunization campaign, this study has investigated how the perception of the population has changed during this time, given that Romania is among the countries with the highest number of HPV infections and deaths. Materials and method. A questionnaire containing 21 questions was used for this study, being applied on the occasion of the conference organized by the National Society of Family Medicine/General Medicine Association, with the support of the Association of General Practitioners – Family Doctors Mureş, on 30.03.2023, in Târgu-Mureş. The form was distributed before and after the conference, and investigated the impact of this type of informing the medical staff, as well as their vision on how the vaccine could be perceived by the population. Results. In this paper, the opinions of respondents (family doctors, primary care physicians and rural specialists) were evaluated, and a comparative analysis of the answers was carried out. Discussion. The study highlighted the importance of accurate and complete information about HPV infection and all the risks it generates. Conclusions. The most valuable method of informing the population is through visits to the doctor, which is why the continuing medical education courses for health professionals have a major impact on the health of the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the functions and multiple meanings of parenthetical constructions such as the incident constructions in I.L. Caragiale’s moments and sketches. As parts of the discourse, parentheticals are those expressions that are independent of the host sentence, which function as modifiers, additions to, or comments on the current talk. Even though they are often seen as linguistic ornaments, they play a crucial role in conveying additional information, clarifying ideas, or providing commentary within a sentence. Through a quantitative analysis, we aim to shed light on these linguistic categories to emphasize their importance in the construction of Caragiale’s texts and characters in what concerns the reported speech. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vestibular evoqued miogenic potentials (VEMP) are relatively new, but gained ground rather quickly, being the second test (besides calorics) that evaluate individually the two ears. VEMP testing is complementary to other vestibular tests and brings additional information that help in confirming the diagnosis, identifying the site of injury and appreciating the outcome prognosis. In this paper, we aim to outline VEMP alterations characteristic to different vestibular diseases and to point out the clinical value of recognizing these variations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Chronic subdural hematoma is one of the most common and serious conditions associated with head trauma. It is often found in elderly, patients who are currently on anticoagulants or those who suffer from blood coagulation disorders. The modern imagistic methods and the innovative surgical treatments have contributed significantly to the understanding of the pathogenesis of hematoma and the achievement of some exceptional results; therefore, it can be said that chronic subdural hematoma is currently a benign disease, especially involving the elderly. Objective: The purpose of this paper is to identify the etiological and therapeutic peculiarities of the chronic subdural hematoma, from literature data. Methods: We select data from the literature and we included in this paper reviews, case reports and clinical studies. 30 articles were selected for the papers topic. Discussions: Understanding the pathophysiological mechanism of chronic subdural hematoma is imperative, for being able to apply optimal treatment and to reduce the recurrence rate. Surgical treatment is of choice and the operating technique is selected according to the patient’s particularities. Conclusions: Despite the fact that chronic subdural hematoma therapy has improved in recent years, in terms of continuous development of surgical techniques and diagnosis, the best option is still being considered and it is also aimed at decreasing recurrence, which significantly influences the prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alain Sokal conceived his paper “Transgressing the Boundaries: Toward a Transformative Hermeneutics of Quantum Mechanics” (1996) as a test through which he aimed to reveal the partisan sensitivity and conformist superficiality of the editors towards a text that flattered their ideological prejudices. In fact, the study is a parody of post-modern thought disguised as the promise of revealing the philosophical and political implications of twentieth-century physics. One of his main targets was the social constructivism theory proposed by Bruno Latour. My goal in this paper is to outline Latour’s theory in its main aspects so that we can see to what extent it is vulnerable to such criticism. It follows that Latour’s theory cannot be reduced to a simple lexical and ideological conformism, but there are other much more serious critical arguments that raise issues worthy of being taken into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

School and education in general are confused, lost somewhere between the excesses and perversions of laissez-faire democracy coupled with the après nous le déluge philosophy of libertine consumerism. Such manifestations are, unmistakable evidence of neoliberalism. Our great moral-axiological benchmarks, the voice of authority, respect for the specialist or reverence for the professional found themselves set aside by the postmodern spirit – the "anything goes" philosophy – to which we all obey as a fashion or a universal trend. Unfortunately, such fashion leaves deep traces in our very human evolution which is called into question by the latest developments, tendencies or trends. The positioning of the human being – as the crown of evolution –, although exaggerated by its excessive anthropocentrism, is challenged by the current evolution of machines and computers – faster, more efficient and infinitely more unpretentious. In this paper we want to review at least some aspects of the general field of education, understood as influencing and manipulation, aspects that point, if we squint a little beyond the immediate present, to the worrying destinations, worrying both from an ethical point of view and from a broader anthropological or ontological perspective. It seems that the human being ends up being "raised" or "educated" to "serve" the algorithms of the machine, be it a robot or a computer. From an ethical point of view, this should give us something to think about in the most serious way possible. From this perspective, the present paper is meant to be an alarm that invites, at least, to some fundamental moral inquiries and reflections regarding the question: "What should I do?". We believe that ethics – given its orientative mission and its teleological "regard" – is able to offer us at least some markers to navigate through the thicket of equivocal possibilities of informatics and the Internet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wittgenstein's idea "the limits of my language mean the limits of my world" inspires us to ask ourselves if the means of communication and the code intervene in the construction of our world. This is the premise from which we started to develop this paper, considering that a formal system and formalization (a term used in an extended sense) not only have the role of solving specific problems but also radically modify the epistemic universe - "epistema", (from the perspective of the object and the subject) in which manifests. It is emphasized the idea of formalization is used broadly. This required a definition of the term, developed in the paper's first part. After, we underline the importance of writing, analyzing Plato's myth of Theuth. To support our point of view, we refer to some examples of the "epistema" metamorphosis that have as their cause the changes of a formal system, in this case, writing. The example from this article is Hangeul writing. In the framework of the paper, we analyze four directions of the epistema change: communicational, axiological, aesthetic, and socialpolitical, pointing out how these changes occurred within the Korean writing system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tradition-brands are cultural constructs launched in Romania around the year 2000, which bring into play a repertoire of conventions and “myths” shared nationwide and proposed to the market, increasingly and more intensely in the late years, by large-scale industrial operators, who in this manner simulate and menace small-scale producers (those actually in the right to claim this tradition as their own). Previous work in the anthropology of consumption has theorized that commercial communication associated with tradition-brands represents a space of negotiation between the Big Industry and traditionalist consumers. The present paper resumes, after more than a decade, the previous thesis, with Mark Fisher's conflict theory tools. In this perspective, traditional brands are forms of Big Industry colonization and naturalization of artisan culture. The case analysis of the Matache Măcelaruʼ charcuterie brand reveals multiple levels of realist-capitalist processing of the commercial message. The key understanding of Fisher's theory of consumerism as a sensitive interface between the capitalist system and the public leads to sharp conclusions about the alienation and disintegration of social actors (consumers, small artisans and merchants) and about the removal of small businesses from the current economic landscape. The possibility of a breach in capitalist totalitarianism lies, hypothetically, in the Romanian public's inertia towards globalization. A conscious reaction is also needed, which arises from civic initiatives regarding the realization of a short producer-consumer chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. SMA is a life-threatening autosomal recessive, neuromuscular disorder that affects the nerve cells controlling the muscles. SMA is caused by mutations in the SMN1 gene and results in neuronal degeneration and muscular atrophy Early detection of SMA through newborn screening (NBS) is essential for preventing irreversible damage by selecting appropriate treatment and ensuring adequate follow-up. Aim: to implement genetic screening for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) as a tool in the early diagnosis of spinal amyotrophy. Materials and methods. In the Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory at the Mother and Child Institute (IM&C), an algorithm has been implemented for genetic screening of SMA-associated mutations. This includes the collection of blood samples on filter paper cards from newborns and their analysis using molecular genetic methods such as real-time PCR and MLPA. Results. In order to implement the proposed algorithm, the necessary molecular genetic methods were employed, including real-time PCR method, for which specific probes and matrices were designed. The analysis set was validated using 10 samples with SMN1 exon 7 deletion and 10 samples without SMN1 exon 7 deletion. Furthermore, the MLPA method was implemented with the aim of confirming and assessing the copy number of SMN1/ SMN2 genes. After obtaining approval for the research design and protocol for this initiative, informed consent and acceptance forms were developed to confirm the participants' willingness to participate in the study, which were approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the USMF "N. Testemițanu". The minimum number of study participants was calculated using the EpiInfo 7.2.2.6 program, specifically the "StatCalc-Sample Size and Power" module, with a minimum sample size calculated to be 172 participants. Subsequently, 250 blood spot samples were collected from newborns, with 75 samples already undergoing genetic screening. Following the analysis of the results, no sample was declared to have a suspected SMA status. Conclusions. The implemented algorithm for newborn screening for SMA detects newborns affected by SMA caused by a homozygous deletion of SMN1 exon 7. SMA due to compound heterozygous mutations (approximately 5% of SMA individuals) is not detected by this test. Newborn screening can identify patients affected by SMA before the onset of symptoms and provides an opportunity for early therapeutic intervention. The implementation of genetic screening for SMA within Institute of Mother and Child offers the chance to assess its feasibility as an early diagnostic tool for SMA and its benefits for the healthcare system of the Republic of Moldova. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Especially after the fall of communism in Romania, Romanian theatre artists were referring nostalgicallyvindictively to what they considered to be a recognition of the importance of their own activity: the inclusion of actors/performers in the categories of hard or harmful labor, just like miners, in the 1950s and generally before 1977. The legend of the similitude between actors and miners is, in fact, part of the symbolic competition with the industrial working class, in which intellectuals felt engaged especially in the 1980s and which played an important role then and in the following decade (a subject which I elaborate in a larger research). This paper investigates the factual basis of this narrative of State legitimation of cultural labor, starting from the legal codification of the miners' central position in the ideology and public discourse of the communist regime and exploring the wage and retirement conditions of (theatre) actors from 1948 until 1989, including through the lenses of their non-public positions, as reflected in the archives of the secret police. Part of a larger framework of the intelligentsia’s antagonism and lack of solidarity with the working class, which has been analyzed at length in post-communism but which tends to not include the specifics of the performing arts in the general cultural framework, it examines the foundations of the persistent discourse placing theatre artists (alongside writers, filmmakers, etc.) as the righteous beneficiaries of the post-1989 transition, aiming to replace miners at the center of the new, capitalist society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common diseases of the cardiovascular system, being the main cause of stroke of cardiac origin. Objective: The aim of the study is to illustrate the clinical-evolutionary differences and therapeutic compliance in atrial fibrillation among two age groups of frail patients (>60 years) and pre-frail patients (≤60 years). Methods: This paper includes a descriptive, retrospective study involving a total of 500 patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation during the period from January 2019 to December 2021 Discussions: Following the conducted study and the comparative analysis between the two age groups, it was observed that paroxysmal/permanent atrial fibrillation predominated, affecting 149 patients over 60 years and 161 under 60 years. Chronic smoking is considered a statistically significant indicator in this study, being associated with 63% of the total studied patients, illustrating a significant correlation between atrial fibrillation and tobacco consumption. Regarding therapeutic management, Furosemide 40mg represented the first and most preferred line of treatment, with a percentage of 81.6%, followed by Spironolactone 25 mg at 74.6 Conclusions: Atrial fibrillation is a commonly encountered pathology of the cardiovascular system, which can have detrimental consequences, especially in association with the frailty of patients (>60 years). The most common type of atrial fibrillation is paroxysmal/persistent, and chronic smoking constitutes a major risk factor in its development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is based on one of Paul Evdokimov's seminal works: The Art of the Icon: A Theology of Beauty. If secular art tries to capture and go beyond the human by reaching for the idea of the transcendent which it projects into the abstract, the art of the icon renders the spiritual, the spiritual world, the world that penetrates the immanent without denying it, even using its means to translate us into the light of the eighth day. Using limited means to render the Unbounded is indeed an art. The author shows us that not every religious artistic achievement can be called an icon in the true sense of the word, not even what we find in churches exposed for worship and bearing the title "icon" are icons. The present work is intended as a solution and as a criterion that can be used to distinguish between a canonical and a non-canonical icon from both a theological and an artistic point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the history of beekeeping, focusing on historical, archaeological, ethnographic, and folkloric data on man's interaction with bees throughout the ages. It emphasizes the symbolic aspects bees have received in Romanian and universal mythology. To briefly illustrate how humans have interacted with bees, including hunting for honey and domestication of these insects, we will highlight some of the most well-known archaeological, historical, and literary documents from prehistoric, ancient, and medieval times. Later on, we will also reference the role of bees and beekeeping in Romania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the pathology of companion animals, three main types of urinary retention are described and encountered: mechanical, spastic and paralytic. The etiopathogenesis of the pathology of paralytic urinary retention, with clinicalpathogenetic consequences that are difficult to identify and remedy therapeutically, mainly recognizes different causes, both neurogenic and traumatic. The traumatic ones are the most common and, depending on the location of the neurological injury, they influence the treatment, the evolution and also the prognosis. The present paper attempts to describe the importance of imaging examinations (both ultrasound and radiographic) in the judicious approach to patients with paralytic urinary retention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genetic testing represents a major asset for discriminating between normal antigenic stimulation of B or T cells and malignant, pathological findings. The main difference between those two situations is the heterogenicity of lymphocyte populations as a result of diverse antigenic stimulation for the first situation, compared to single and identical population (clones) for the second situation. The present paper describes one of the many genetic assays capable of discriminating between normal and malignant, characterized by low time-to-result interval, accuracy, simplicity, and low cost comparing to other tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following the general problematics of reformulating the concepts of “discourse” and “narrative” and treating cinematic products as textual objects, with incursions into the 21st century cinema as a realist-expositional medium of the social problems of the Other, the present paper aims, by contextualizing the film Aferim! (2015) by Radu Jude, to analyze the relationship between language, language and race, racialization, and representation. In short, it aims to analyze the position of linguistic racism in the admitted “realistic” and artistic presentation of the process of marginalization. Such academic analyses have become present internationally, especially with the development of the linguistic dimension of postcolonial studies and the emergence and expansion of the concept of political correctness and/or cultural sensitivity in the contemporary socio-cultural discourse, especially in direct relation to language, language, and visual media of artistic transposition. We must be remembered, however, that Roma people occupy a marginal place even in postcolonial analysis of otherness. In the Romanian space, with a strong intertextual character, Aferim! occupies a privileged place precisely because of the primacy given to the theme: the Roma slavery in the 19th century Wallachia, during the year 1853, which is a key-year, considering that the formal abolition of slavery took place only three years later, in 1856, in Wallachia. Intentionally subversive, Jude takes the historical form of the popular films from the communist period and turns it against itself, while also adding the American-inspired aesthetic of Westerns. The multiplicity of perspectives is present, but the „intimacy” belongs to the white, oppressive characters, putting the viewer in an uncomfortable position that belongs to them historically. Following the results of the quantitative study of the present work, where the most often used word is „cocoane” [lord] in all its declined versions, Aferim! is thus a film about power dynamics, a dynamic in which the Roma are the Other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

My paper aims to discuss the configuration of the queer-feminist phenomenon, with its derivatives in intersectionalism, ecofeminism and posthumanism in postmillennial Romanian poetry. The premises of this approach are, on the one hand, the left-wing ideological radicalization of the poetic discourse, and, on the other hand, the shaping of a distinguishing ethos, through which the postmillennial poets create a self-legitimizing international network comprising feminist and/or queer writers and theorists like Donna Haraway, Rosi Braidotti, Virginia Woolf, Ocean Vuong, Natalia Ginzburg, Maryse Condé, Bruno Latour, etc. Therefore, the article focuses on theoretical import through poetic creation, since, less common in Romanian literary filed, it claims the urgency for theoretical and ethical debates on militant cultural currents and directions against patriarchy, exploitation of nature and animals by humans, and against the classical centre-periphery dichotomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biosecurity is ensured in a pig fattening farm by implementing a set of organizational and technical measures in order to prevent the introduction, persistence and spread of pathogens, as well as in order to protect animal and public health. This paper describes the main objectives of biosecurity in a pig fattening farm to prevent the risk of introducing and spreading of African swine fever. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper propose a way of seeing prayer through the eyes of Jeremiah, the prophet. In this context, the prayer is according to Jeremiah a relation between man and God. The paper looks at the prayer in three different ways: the relation between Jeremiah and God, between Judah and God, between Jeremiah, the people and God. The main idea is that prayer should be based on a sincere and truth relation with God. The Lord does not accept a formal prayer, but one which sees Him as a True Living God. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author of the paper intends to capture an episode in the history of the Romanian P.E.N. Club, from the first years of its existence. The paper features the correpondence between its founder, Marcu Beza, the Romanian diplomat from the capital of Great Britain, and George Bernard Shaw. The issue of translating and producing some of Shaw's plays in Romania is highlighted in the context of the history of P.E.N. International. The organization's position with regard to an author's rights, and to promoting authors of reference among its members, is also analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Romanian sign language interpretation services are intended for people who suffer from hearing loss or who were born without this ability. This paper examines how Romanian television provides access to information to the hearing impaired community, with reference to technical and content aspects. Sign language interpretation is a growing practice in the Romanian media, too little regulated, which has a fundamental role in social inclusion. This paper also examines how TV information is transmitted to this minority and the conditions under which it is perceived. The too small screen of the performer, the speed of the interpretation, the lack of diversity of accessible shows, even the time slot in which the shows with interpretation in LSR are broadcast, are just a few problems that deaf people may have while watching TV in Romania. The research fills a gap in the field of interpretation in Romanian Sign Language (LSR), being a pilot study that offers directions for the implementation of different methods through which the accessibility of information for deaf people can be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the first months of 2020, the whole world was affected by the restrictions caused by the authorities' attempts to stop the spread of SarsCov2 as far as possible. Initially, the most effective measure was quarantine, which could slow the spread of the virus. In Romania, the first case of Covid19 was confirmed on 23 February 2020, and after a period of hesitation, the national authorities imposed the quarantine on 15 March, i.e., a series of restrictions on the movement of persons and on participation in events involving more than eight persons. Obviously, the introduction of this special regime for the movement of persons affected all areas of social and economic life, including its vital branches, such as the industrial and educational activity. Of course, under these conditions, the first temptation of any ethnologist was to observe the transformations of the rhythms of life, practicing a kind of armchair ethnography and transforming into the observed "field" even their own home, their own life or the lives of those close to them, but also what came to them from the outside world via online. In contrast to these approaches, this paper studies several cases where, through contractual obligations, the ethnologist had to do the field in the classical sense of the term, i.e. to observe real (not virtual) communities, located far away (even geographically), and to participate in their social and cultural life. The constraints imposed by quarantine practically forced ethnological fieldwork to reinvent itself, making researchers reflect on the criteria for selecting their informants under the new conditions, on the manner of interacting with them, on the logistics involved in producing interviews and, last but not least, on the ethical implications of approaches of this kind. The remote field experiences of two projects were presented and analyzed: Educational and Networking Tools on Development of Authentic Performance for Professional Integration - PAN and Colecție digitală a patrimoniului alimentar românesc si transfer spre societate -- FOODie. Analyzing in particular the interviews conducted in the FOODie project, the paper highlights a number of advantages of remote fieldwork, such as: the possibility to overcome quarantine restrictions, the possibility to make a quality video recording, the openings of a collaborative ethnology. A number of difficulties of this type of remote research are also highlighted, such as: communication difficulties due to lack of direct interaction, internet signal fluctuation problems, difficulties in understanding some aspects due to ignorance of the informant's living space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Tuberous sclerosis (TS) is a pathology characterized by an autosomal dominant transmission with high, but incomplete penetrance. It is characterized by the classic triad of epilepsy, mental retardation, and sebaceous adenomas which, in fact, only occur in 1/3 of cases. The incidence is approximately 1/6,000 births, one-third of the cases being inherited, the rest occurring through spontaneous genetic mutations. No predominance related to gender and race was observed. The aim of the paper is to elucidate the evolutionary particularities of ST, associated with status epilepticus in children by describing a clinical case. Materials and methods: a child (18 months), hospitalized in the Department of Neurology of the Mother and Child Institute repeatedly during the years 2022-2023, who clinically manifested repeated episodes of status convulsions in the context of ST, evaluated by clinical, paraclinical and neuroimaging. Results: The diagnosis of ST in this child was established based on the clinical criteria: skin manifestations (hypopigmented spots), neurological manifestations (pharmacoresistant epilepsy, frequent episodes of status epilepticus, global developmental delay), cardiac manifestations (the presence in the left ventricular cavity of a 4x5 mm formation and in the right ventricle cavity of a 2x2 mm formation (rhabdomyoma) and imaging criteria (MRI) that revealed the presence of multiple foci located in both cerebral hemispheres, supratentorial, diffuse in the white matter, periventricular, juxta subcortical suggestive of hamartomas and subcortical tubers and multiple subcentimeter subependymal nodules. Thus we determined the presence of 4 major criteria to confirm the diagnosis. Conclusions: ST is a rare pathology, caused by specific spontaneous or inherited genetic mutations. The symptoms are varied, being given by the presence of benign tumors that appear in multiple regions of the body, being frequently associated with status epilepticus, most often focal type. In childhood, the first clinical manifestation of the disease is the convulsive syndrome, which frequently evolves into status epilepticus. Early recognition of the disease is important for the correctness of the treatment at the initial stage and the evaluation of the prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common serious metabolic diseases, with an onset in childhood and it may have a fatal evolution if the appropriate treatment is not administered. The pathogenic substrate of this condition is included in the spectrum of autoimmune diseases, a fact that predicts an accelerated evolution of symptoms. Materials and method. The aim of this paper is to bring to focus the clinical presentation of pediatric patients, whether through a classic symptomatology or a complicated form whose incidence is increasing worldwide. Results. The study was based on the descriptive analysis of clinical data from a group of 77 pediatric patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Thus, data were obtained regarding the prevalence according to age and gender, the prevalence of autoantibodies in the diagnosis of the disease, the incidence of the symptomatology at admission, the presence of dehydration syndrome and diabetic ketoacidosis at the onset of the pathology. Conclusions. All these clinical data are extremely important in the diagnosis of the disease, but the follow-up of the child’s development parameters done by the family physician can suggest the existence of this disease, especially when predisposing factors are present, therefore the diagnosis of diabetes is possible before complications appear. The family doctor has a particularly important role, not only in the early diagnosis of patients with diabetes, but also in their multidisciplinary orientation throughout their lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With a tradition of economic, political, and institutional settings built on a dynamic based on dominance, animals have been systematically assigned the role of an inferior form of „otherness”, essential, nevertheless, in shaping the anthropocentric mentality and validating the narrative of human exceptionalism. The longevity of such speciesist practices throughout the humanist discourses obliges the post humanist project of creating a post anthropocentric concept of subjectivity to pay special attention to the issues regarding the animals, their representations, and their interactions with ‘us’. This paper stems from Rosi Braidotti’s project of a posthuman subject understood as a hybrid entity integrated through a system of material and informational connections with all forms of existence in the nature culture continuum and follows the implications it has on redesigning our interactions with the non-human beings in a post-anthropocentric context. My purpose is to study how contemporary Romanian poetry reflects this new vision of subjectivity and its impact on reimagining the relations between the human and non-human beings. The analysis on volumes such as val chimic’s umilirea animalelor (the humiliation of animals), Mihók Tamás’s biocharia. ritual ecolatru, Adelina Pascale’s maki for 2, Gabi Eftimie’s Sputnik în grădină (Sputnik in the garden), or Diana Cornea’s Setări avansate de lumină (Advanced lighting settings) confirms the increasing interest of Romanian post millenary poetry in reshaping the depictions of animals and human-animal interactions according to a post anthropocentric perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper proposes the analysis of the dramatic work of Matei Vișniec – a Romanian poet and prose writer, built and validated by the French center as an internationally exportable playwriter, by following the aesthetic-political relationship. I question, above all, the reasons why the parabolic formula is the favorite in the author's dramaturgy – its causes and effects, in relation to the ideological level and the thematization of the trauma of the communist (/totalitarian) regime. The thesis of my article is that, behind the parable (which implies a form of mediation) and the discursive metaphorism, respectively an apparent aesthetic gratuity, there is a political thesis that can be reinterpreted, reframed by both target audiences: Eastern and Western. Thus, the playwright built at the center and imported by the Romanian periphery accumulates symbolic capital from both territories, defined as a successful as a transnational author. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

act: This paper aims at analyzing the connection between the contemporary Romanian literature and world literature through the emergence of maximalist novel embodied in Bogdan-Alexandru Stănescu’s novel, Abraxas. The author belongs to the 2000 generation, a generation which has neglected the postmodern maximalist approach. Therefore, I intend to analyze the emergence of maximalism in Bogdan-Alexandru Stănescu’s novel by indicating the tension it generated in regards with the previous minimalist formula and by observing the connection of literature with the socio-economic context of the 2000’s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]