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In the purpose of a better clinical, electroencephalographical and evolutional characterisation of rolandic epilepsy (RE), we prospectively evaluated a group of 28 children with RE monitored by Clinic of Pediatric Neurology Cluj-Napoca, from 2004 to 2010. We noted the semiology, frequency and evolution of the seizures. We have made awake and sleep EEG recordings and MRI investigation, when clinical data have imposed that. Average age of seizures onset was of 6,97 ± 1,86 years (ranges 2,3 - 10,1 years), with male dominance (1,8:1). Most children (71,42%) had rare seizures during night sleep, with typical facio-brachyal symptoms, and characteristic rolandic spikes on EEG recordings, dominant temporal located and sleep activation (up to 3 times the freqeuncy in wakefulness). From the group, 21 (75%) patients received antiepileptic medication, of choice being carbamazepine. Evolution was favorable in 26 of the children, they have never presented seizures again, and in three of them antiepileptic therapy was withdrawed. In two children, seizures have persisted, one of them developed a form of epileptic encephalopathy. In both seizures started at early age. RE remains a welldefined form of idiopathic epilepsy with rare seizures and typical EEG changes, characteristically exacerbated by sleep. The evolution favorable in most cases with remission of the seizures, does not exclude development of more severe epileptic syndromes. Young age of onset of seizures appears to be a factor that determined the prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]