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Due to the fact that in the last time spirituality has become an important and used topic that it is often used outside of the Christian space, where it has the roots, we will try there to show what it means and should mean for this area. Also, we will present its relationship with the hesychasm, important mystical current and we will speak about the way how it could contribute to a potential reconfiguration of the theological discourse from nowadays and which should be its landmarks. The definition of spirituality from the Christian space having Biblical and Patristic roots will be therefore accompanied by the one of the hesychasm. The two ones will be also analysed in an attempt to offer a complex overview on the complex phenomenon that they define. The way how the two ones can be found in the ascetical and the monastic practices will be also emphasized there. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using information provided by the civil status registers and birth certificates, from the Department Direction of National Archives from Bistriţa, the author tries there to reconstitutes the situation of Jewish people from Salva village, Bistriţa-Nãsãud County, between 1885 and 1894. There is emphasized the situation of births and deaths, child mortality, demographic increase, gender proportion and s. o. The aim of the research is to bring it back into attention the community of Jewish people from this village, to show its importance, its characteristics, and to highlight the similitudes and differences that existed between the Romanian and Jew people from there. Despite of the lack of documents and of the impossibility of biographic reconstruction, the research brings an important informational contribution and offers the opportunity for new researches that can, of course, with big efforts, and using information provided from documentary sources, published ones, but also oral history, to reconstruct the main points of the history of some important families from Salva, like Zacharovitz or Leib. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IN THIS RESEARCH, THE AUTHOR TRIES TO HIGHLIGHTS THE MOST IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF SPIRITUALITY AND MISTIQUE FROM THE WORK OF THE GREAT ROMANIAN SCULPTOR CONSTANTIN BRÂNCUŞI. SOME OF THAT ARE PRESENTED AND ANALYSED AND THE MOST IMPORTANT SYMBOLS ARE EMPHASISED AND ANALYSED USING ALSO THE OPINIONS OF SOME OF THE MOST IMPORTANT ANALISYTS OF THE SCULPTOR. THE CONCLUSION OF THE INVESTIGATION IS THAT, BRÂNCUŞI USED A LOT OF SYMBOLS IN HIS CREATION, BUT HE RESPECTED ITS SIGNIFICATION FROM THE CULTURE OF WHICH THEY BELONG AND, WHEN HE GIVES NEW VALUES TO A SYMBOL, HE RESPECTS THE PATTERNS FROM THE GENUINE CULTURE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, the author presents the autobiography of the American writer Mark Twain, on his real name, Samuel Clemens. There are highlighted the most important aspects that transform his writing in a special one for culture and literature: the humor, the beauty of the narration, the accuracy of the information and the way how the author knows to link the events with the personalities that he has known. Also, there is presented a special aspect of the book, the fact that, in the second part of it, Mark Twain starts to present some biographical aspects from the description of him, made by his daughter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, the authors are investigating the way how, problems of Christian morals, but also problems of family morals, are emphasised in "Renaşterea" review, the publication edited by the Romanian Orthodox Diocese of Vad, Feleac and Cluj (in 1928). Studying that they discover questions as the alcoholism, which are a problem for the Orthodox society of those times, but also the solutions proposesd by the priests, bishops and theologians to it (better catechisation, using of the Holy Scripture and printing a cheaper version of it, a better education received into the family and s. o.). Also, they present the most important articles that speak about the Christian morals, and especially about the moral of the family in this year, and are highlighting their main aspects. The articles shows both the importance of moral topics for the authors of the aforementioned review, but also the way how, talking about theology, the editors of it are proposing solutions of some problems and are offering possibilities to stop some bad comportments that makes the Orthodox Christians to develop a moral vulnerability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, the author investigates, using the school yearbooks, the way in which the religion class took place at "Alexandru Odobescu" high school from Bistriţa between 1925 and 1931, and the evolution of the confessional dynamics of the pupils. By highlighting the name and the activity of catechists Liviu Greab and Constantin Flămând, but also other aspects of the educational process, the number of Orthodox and Greek-Catholic students and their distribution over the researched period, the paper offers a glimpse on the history of schooling in North-Eastern Transylvania. The author also tries to emphasize the increasing presence of the Romanians and in particular of the Orthodoxies in the multi-confessional and multi-ethnic space of Bistriţa during the inter-war. Given the lack of researches dedicated to this important Romanian school in Bistriţa, the paper can also be regarded as "filling a gap" into the local contemporary research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, the author analyses, using information provided by the ,,Yearly Report of the Border Region Gymnasium from Nãsãud”, published by the director of the institution and its professors, the school situation of the pupils from Salva village who were studying here. Their performances in education and morals, are highlighted and analysed, together with their confessional situation, the social situation of their parents, and the way in which the latter influenced their school progress. Also, the evolutions of Leon Silviu Daniello (who, later became professor at the University from Cluj and correspondent member of the Romanian Academy) and Vasile Finegar are being compared, the former being these on of a railway worker, while the latter the son of a retired teacher. Through this presentation, the author tries to rediscover an important episode from Salva‟s history and to emphasises a different part of the history of the First World War, behind the frontline. So, this research which presents an episode of the local history aims to recover the image of the ones who studied at the Border Region Gymnasium from Nãsãud between 1914-1918 an it is both a tribute to them and an article dedicated to the First World War, commemorated in this period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the author presents the life and activity of the priest Vasile Dumbravă (1854-1907), which ruled the parishes from Bichigiu (1879-1891) and Salva (1891-1907) and built the stone Church from Salva, which is still in use today. Using documents provided from the National Archives, BistriţaNăsăud Direction, but also published information from sources like The Schematism (the census published by the Greek-Catholic Church) or the yearly report of the Border Gymnasium from Năsăud, a detailed presentation of his life and activity is being offered. The research returns to the historiography the personality of the priest Vasile Dumbravă from Salva and Bichigiu, and a part of the history of the Greek-Catholic Church of the area. At the end of the text, it also offers two of the most important documents about the life and activity of this priest, consisting in the decision of the diocese of Gherla to appoint him as priest of Salva parish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this review, the author presents the book of the american writter Andrew Solomon, which analyses some examples of unusual relationships between childs and parents. published in the year 2015, this book is one of the newest in the domain and it brings some new and interesting approaches about the phycology of family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leon Daniello (1898-1970), the first pneumoftiziologist from Romania (became a proffessor in this domain in 1942 and the Director of the Romanian Institute for Pneumoftiziology from Cluj-Napoca in 1949), was a personality less highlighted by contemporary historiography. This is the reason why this paper analyses his medical and scientific activity from the Eugenic and biopholitic Review, published in Cluj-Napoca between 1927-1947, which represented an essentialmilestone for the Romanian eugenistic movement. His main concerns regarded the issue of tuberculosis on one hand (out of 17 studies published by him during the highlighted period, 11 are exclusively dedicated to this subject, while the other 6 make constant references to it), while also reffering to other important social maladies from Transylvania on the other. This paper is the first biographical writing dedicated to Leon Daniello and his activity, bringing forward the image of one correspondent member of Romanian Academy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study presents the activity of the students from Salva within the first generations that graduated the Gymnasium of Năsăud, based on unpublished documents from the Bistrița-Năsăud County Archives and on documents published by the Gymnasium (yearly reports and curricula). The author highlights their scholarly performances compared to the other students and the way in which the school years in Năsăud contributed to their subsequent life course. The role played by fellowships in stimulating their scholarly interests it's also underlined and the students who benefited from such fellowships from the Năsăud Border Regiment Fund are nominated. The study represents the first research on the topic, the scholarly activity of students from Salva in the Gymnasium of Năsăud being a subject yet untouched by historians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents, on the basis of oral history testimonies, documents, archives and books dedicated to this theme, the situation of the town of Salva (Bistriţa-Nasaud county) during communism. The main elements which the communists had in mind during their oppression were: the purge of political opposition, made up mainly of members from the National Peasants' Party, the purge of kulaks or wealthy peasants (in Salva there were only two people who fitted within this category), and collectivization. Regarding the first procedure, the communists incarcerated their opponents; in the second case, extremely high quotations were imposed, and in the case of collectivization, the most fertile lands of the town were nationalized. However the communist plans didn't work out as they were conceived, aspect emphasized in this study. Thus, one member of the Resistance avoided incarceration and hid for 18 years from the sight of the communist authorities, others despite their imprisonment never denied their political beliefs. In the case of those that joined the communist collectives, they boycotted its smooth operation, managing to obtain its abolition and the return of their lands in less than a decade. Regarding the kulaks or wealthy peasants, despite the obstacles, they carried on with their life. All these elements, along with other unique information comprising the contemporary history of Salva, are highlighted in this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the way in which the two institutions, one authoritative in the ecclesiastical area, namely the Bishopric of V, Feleac and Cluj freshly re-established Office (1921), and the central one, namely the Ministry of Culture, also related in the interwar period. On the basis of documents from the archive of the first, but the sources pointed out, edite way helped the Ministry, through sponsorships, by supporting cultural actions and activities they (for example, the Theological Academy here), or by sponsoring them, (the case of the Cathedral, which, during Alexander Lapedatu's work will benefit from sponsoring consistent from his part, or the old block of the diocese). Also, the culmination of this relationship, manifested through the merging of the two institutions in the only person Nicole Colan (in 1938-1939), is presented and analyzed, presenting the way it affects the relationship between the two institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current article briefly describes the life and activity of the protopope Grigore Pletosu, an outstanding figure of the Nasaud county. His professional path is presented here, underlining the main aspects of his activity due to the fact that the protopope was not only a worthy servant of the altar, and an important teacher of the Nasaud school, but also a remarcable membre of "Astra". He was also president of the "Virtus Romana Redidiva" lecture society, in which quality he was the first literary critic of the poet George Cosbuc and of the first Romanian patriarch, Miron Cristea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The material presents the last book of He's Eminence, reverend Macarie Drăgoi, romanian orthodox Bishop of Northen Europe, about the changes of religious identity in Transylvania's villages during the Modern Age. The book presents the documents of some cases like Apahida, Băgaciu, Rogoz, Gotathea or Săcel and shows what determined the people of that communities to change his confession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is based on the work of Professor Vasilica Găzdac, regarding the history of Salva a township from Bistriţa-Năsăud county, Romania. The author of the article examines how the above mentioned author manages to emphasize certain interesting aspects, presenting them in a pleasant and scientifically correct manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]