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Background. Lesions of the peritoneum are a broad group and consist mostly in non-tumoral injuries, usually grouped in circulatory and inflammatory disorders. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the clinicopathologic features of patients with non-tumoral lesions of the peritoneum from the Emergency Clinical County Hospital of Târgu-Mureş. Results. A total of 534 cases were diagnosed in 2015: 43 were circulatory lesions, with 39 cases of hemoperitoneum and 4 cases of non-tumoral ascitis, and 491 were classified as acute peritonitis. In hemoperitoneum, males were predominantly involved by splenic rupture in the 5th decade, and females by gynaecologic lesions during their 4th decade. The main cause of inflammation of the peritoneum is represented by appendicitis in children and young adults, and by cholecistitis in adult and elderly population. Conclusions. Non-tumoral injuries of the peritoneum have different causes in male and female population and they are also associated with higher risk according to age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clinical research data proved that isolated systolic arterial hypertension situations or those with high pulse pressure (PP), found more frequently in the older patients, are characterized by a process of stiffening of the large vessels, due to a degradation of the elastic tissue found in the medium tunica, which is then replaced by collagen fibres.(1,2) From a haemodynamic point of view, the stiffening of the Aorta leads to an increase of the Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) and to an increase of the Augmentation Index (AIx) at the central level.(3,4) The new guides of the Arterial Hypertension European Society concerning the management of hypertension allotted separate subchapters to the central arterial hypertension, the vascular complications of arterial hypertension, and especially to the stiffening of the large vessels. The evaluation of the hypertensive patient should include PWV, wherever possible.(5) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Noise exposure contributes to the increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease; there is an obvious relation between this exposure and ischemic heart disease. This article aims at demonstrating that arterial hypertension in a workplace with noise exposure higher than 87 db is an occupational disease. Due to the fact that the relative risk is higher than 1 and that FEP is higher than 20%, we can state with 95%probability that there is an epidemiological association between a noise higher than 87 db and arterial hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ultrasonography is a non-invasive investigation of first intention in exploring the peripheral venous circulation. Physiopathological changes of post thrombosis syndrome such as: venous thrombosis, partially or entirely repermeabilization of the venous vessels, narrowing, caliber changes and the irregularities of the veins walls could be displayed through ultrasound investigations. On the other hand, varicosities and the inversion of blood flow sense on certain venous segments and the slowing of flow speed until stagnation followed by thrombosis are also ultrasound typical findings for venous chronic insufficiency of the lower limbs. According to our experience, the venous inflammation is difficult to be noticed by ultrasound investigations. B-mode exams, spectral Doppler and Colour Flow Mapping, tridimensional or real time reconstruction, Harmonic Tissue Imaging are the most used methods to establish an imagistic diagnosis on venous chronic insufficiency of the lower limbs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents several abstracts on topics related to arterial hypertension including "Is Corneal product for left ventricular hypertrophy in electrocardiogram marker for increased morbidity in hypertensive patients?" "Arterial hypertension prevalence and cardiovascular risk factors-study on 5290 children and teenagers," and "Assessment of oxidative stress in hypertensive crisis."

Endothelial vasodilator dysfunction assessed by brachial artery flow - mediated dilatation (FMD) is an indicator of subclinical atherosclerotic disease. The aim of the study was to observe if there is a relationship between FMD and classical cardiovascular risk factors in a group of hypertensive patients. We measured FMD by ultrasound in 75 subjects aged between 42 and 62 years. We examined its correlation and interaction with traditionally cardiovascular risk factors. Endothelial function was assessed by means of flow mediated dilation (FMD) on brachial artery, using B - mode ultrasonography. The values of FMD were 8, 00 ± 2, 02%. We found a weak but significant correlation between FMD and systolic arterial hypertension (r = - 0,125, p < 0, 05), between FMD and diastolic arterial hypertension (r = -0,237, p < 0, 05), between FMD and HDL cholesterol (r = 0,368, p < 0, 05), between FMD and LDL cholesterol (r = - 0,403, p < 0, 05) and between FMD and triglycerides (r = - 0,325, p < 0, 01). We observed a moderate but significant correlation between FMD and total cholesterol (r = - 0,511, p < 0, 01). In conclusion, in hypertensive patients, FMD measurement is an important tool for evaluation of arterial wall remodeling and can be used as valid marker of atherosclerosis in cardiovascular risk prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of our study was to check the predictive value of BNP in morbidity and mortality on patients with pulmonary embolia, with or without right heart failure (RHF). We set the cut off point for BNP values highest than is usually used to determine left heart failure, because we expect a greater increase of BNP in that heart failures which drive to a morbid complication. The value of BNP cut off point was 350 pmol/ml. The right ventricle has a lower mass comparing with left ventricle, that's why, in congestive heart failure we don't expect a greatly increase in BNP values. We studied 60 consecutive patients with pulmonary embolia admitted in our clinic during last 2 years. The diagnostics of pulmonary embolia was established based on clinical criteria, X ray, computer tomography with contrast and echocardiography. The diagnostic of RHF was based on clinical criteria and echocardiography. We used Doppler echocardiography for diagnostic of peripheral deep venous thrombosis. Unfortunately in our clinic ventilation/perfusion check is not available. In 40 (66,67%) cases were established, at admission, the diagnostic of pulmonary emboli with RHF. 34 (85%) of these patients had BNP value above 350 pool/ml (mean 512 pool/ml) and 7 (35%) out of 20 patients without RHF had BNP value above normal range (mean 439pmol/ml). Among patients with RHF 21 (52.5%) out of 40 needed card-pulmonary resuscitation or died during admission, and 9 (45%) of patients without RHF suffered same poor evolution. All patients with RHF and 7 of these without RHF had BNP values above our cut off point (mean 537pmol/ml). The diagnostic value of BNP in the case of patients with RHF was low, as the Youden index = 0.11, show off. Instead of that, the predictive value for morbid complication show off that, on these patients the risk for a poor evolution was 1.6 times higher in patients with high values of BNP. We presume that the diagnostic value of BNP was low because we set a high cut off point. Among patients without RHF the Youden index = 0.78 show off a good diagnostic values, which allows us, actually to negate the RHF among patients without any other characteristic of right ventricle failure. The predictive value in these case was even greater that in case of patients without RHF, and is also consequence of the high cut off which allow us to distinguish between patients with a poor prognostic in the absence of the RHF. Patients without RHF but with high values of BNP have a 6.7 time greater risk to have a poor outcome, cardio-respiratory failure or to die. Our statistics show a 4.2 times better predictive value for negative outcome on patients without RHF comparing with that with right heart failure. In conclusion we may say that BNP is important to predict the outcome of patients with pulmonary thrombembolia. His accuracy is even greater in the absence of the RHF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The initial examination of a trauma patient with suspected spinal trauma is performed in Emergency Room. The goals of initial examination and treatment of spinal cord injury are: to realign the spine, to prevent loss of function of undamaged neurological tissue, to improve neurological recovery, to obtain and maintain spinal stability and to obtain early functional recovery. In according with this reason in Emergency Room is need to perform a complete clinical and neurological exam of patient with spinal injury used the ASIA/IMSOP (American Spine Injury Association/International Medical Society Of Paraplegia) principles. We have to study the following aspects: Immobilization of the patient with suspected spinal injury; Compensation of hypotension; Adequate oxygenation of the patient; Abdominal decompression; Imaging investigation of patients with suspected fracture of the spine: X-ray examination, CT-scan and MRI for patient with spine trauma; Neurological assessment of patients with spinal trauma: checking both the motility function and the sensory one, to determine the degree of damage, according to the criteria of scale offered by ASIA / IMSOP. Is a good reason for introduction of an neurological evaluation record of the patient with spine fracture that give direct, objective data (not only quantitative, how neurological clinical examination offers) on the degree of neurological damage and which is also intended to be a useful tool for the prompt evaluation of the evolution of the case. The role of this objective, systematic and dynamic evaluation transposes into shaping the therapeutic decision. Thus, by assigning the initial clinical evaluation data with the data of the imagistic examination and with those objective data offered by the neurological evaluation the best therapeutic protocol may be chosen to offer the best chances of complete recovery of patients with spine fractures and the rehabilitation of their economic and social life. The chances of such a patient of complete healing without neurological sequelae increase considerably if, at the first contact with the patient in the Emergency Room the correct decisions can be taken quickly, and I mean decisions regarding the initial assessment (clinical, neurological, imagistic), and the rapid introduction of the patient in a therapeutic protocol that will give the best chance of complete healing without sequelae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of noise on the body are auditory fatigue, sound trauma, hearing loss, occupational deafness, stress and cardiovascular disordes. Prolonged and permanent noise increases blood pressure, impairs circulation, diminishes attention etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]