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The contents of the three papers which form this cycle, published in OEconomica, nos. 1- 4/2014, are shortly described, together with the conferences which lie as their bases. The critics (verbal or written) of the referees are exposed, accompanied by the comments and responses of the author. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Along with the economic globalization, economics must decode a more complex reality, to which classical answers are no longer helpful. Due to excessive abstraction and mathematical representation, the economic and social phenomena are partially analyzed and understood - after the delimitation from the political context that has driven and maintained them. We notice that, throughout history, global economic relations have always been altered by the achievement instinct or by the desire for power; that markets and natural order had been violated due to the interventionist factor which takes various forms: the state, the elites or groups animated by particular interests. That is why conspiracy theories can be starting points in analyzing our world, by underlying specific political and economic interests that govern the public decisional system. This paper aims to plead for introducing conspiratorial reasoning in economics; a reasoning that rejects total hazard and the limits imposed by the study of unintended consequences of economic phenomena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cultural phenomenon of Latinity was the subject of the Conference "Re-construing the Latinity" which took place in Sibiu and carried out to highlight many topics about the central concept, but also the so-called "Peripheral Latinities". During the conferences the main idea was that Latin spirit is not only the language as a vehicle of communication, it is also the link through which countries will prove the membership in this large community. The topics in the panels have included heterogeneous areas like: literature and language, theology, cultural studies, theater, communication and media, history, politics, economics, and medicine. The papers presented in panels reflected the increased interest for the manifestation of the Latin spirit in multiple axes of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The unprecedented global technical and economic progress where the United States of America holds supremacy, imposed, in the process of globalization, the necessity of accepting a single language English as means of communication. As a result of the contact with the English language, Romanian current vocabulary has been undergoing, for more than two decades, significant transformations due to the massive borrowing of English words, some meant to fill lexical gaps particularly in the field of economics. These loanwords of English origin did not bring any change upon the grammar structure of the Romanian language but, nevertheless, they cannot be disregarded or overlooked. The present paper brings into discussion the issue of the importance English loanwords had upon the Romanian business vocabulary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper tackles two broad theses. According to the first, in the Eastern Orthodox view wealth, riches, material prosperity and whatever these things presuppose (the extended division of labour, trade, money, profit oriented entrepreneurship etc.) are not evil or condemnable in themselves; condemnable is only the passion, the unnatural desire for these things which sows the seeds of missing, eroding or deliberately avoiding the love for God and fellowmen or, more problematically, leads to the doing of evil - first unknowingly or due to weakness, then deliberately and even with a hint of satisfaction, to end somewhere on the verge of madness. According to the second thesis, much more controversial, and with important consequences (yet insufficiently debated even by theologians, let alone scientists in general or economists), within the teachings of (Eastern) Orthodoxy one cannot find a positive sanction of honest wealth and riches. A Christian's orientation must always be towards salvation and eternal life; concerns over ''what he cannot take with him on the other side'' are rather a sign of spiritual weakness and precariousness, while the attitude towards such (too worldly) concerns is one of patience, of tolerance or - to use the specific spiritual language of the Eastern Orthodox Christianity - economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following paper identifies the objectives that must be taken in order to limit and combat the climate changes. These goals are related to the reduction of the climate change, but also of the adaption to the effects caused by this phenomenon. The paper also emphasizes the main measures that should be implemented for the fulfillment of these objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a study of European Union labour market and its dynamics as regard to the European Employment Strategy's objectives. Our analysis starting point is the 1997 "Lisbon Strategy", which puts in place a set of objectives to be achieved by the member states by 2010. They are monitoring the employment performance of the existing member states andcandidates to the membership. Lisbon Strategy has been amended in 2000 and 2005, so that it focuses now on three employment indicators: total employment rate, female employment rate and older workers (between 55-64 years of age) employment rate. The paper uses data from Eurostat and Romanian NSI (National Statistical Institute) to compare our national trends and achievements with those of all the other member states and the EU targets.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We substantiate a relation for the economic growth quantification as an alternative to the well known models of the traditional theory of the economic growth: Solow model, Ramsey-Cass-Koompmans model, Solow-Swan-Sidrauski model, Lucas model (two sector endogenous growth model), models whose synthesis could be seen in our paper: Andrei, Imperato, Oprescu (2007), chapter 1.Equilibrium growth rate stated by us is based on IS-LM-SRAS equilibrium evolution of economy, where the equations IS and LM are specified as linear with respect to the real GDP,to the nominal interest rate and real wealth, and the SRAS as well, the lost being derived from linear Phillips curve. The evolution of the economy is determined from two dynamic continuous time equations: the first reflects the dynamics of expected inflation rate, specified as adaptive mechanism with respect to current inflation rate and the wealth dynamics, the last arising from the policy of budget deficit finance. As a consequence, the dynamics of economy depends on the policies of the government and the Central Bank. Among the three monetary policies applied in different countries, we examine here the evolution of the economy when it is applied the policy of money financing deficit, real stock of bounds being held constant, (bt= ƃ) , the results of application of the other two politics (see section 1.6), following to be presented in another future paper. We admonish to the fact that apparently, the dynamic model is linear. In fact, we meet nonlinearities both in the wealth, inflation and real monetary stock dynamics and in the equilibrium values through government expenditures multiplier kg, monetary multiplier km, and real wealth multiplier ka. As a consequence, the state path and the final variables can't be analytically determined but only numerically, through simulation. The results obtained by us are illustrative. The paper comprises three parts: The dynamic model deduction; Long run and short run dynamics of the economy when bt= ƃ policy is applied; Deduction of the equilibrium growth rate for this policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper emphasizes the conceptual need for an agreement on reassigning priorities of competitive development from policies aiming at reducing regional differences to policies encouraging functional integration of a development area. The underlying rationale in shifting the analytical focus rests on the political-economic and socio-cultural characteristics of a habitat that indeterminably amplify or scale down the benefits of economic activities. The permanence of spatial developmental disparities suggests that the strategic directions of any initiative targeting regional competitiveness should follow the lines of (1) maximizing its competitive impact and (2) matching the territorial specificity. According to this perspective, the paper discusses an original theoretical construct and points to graphical representations of operational forms that may configure a policy of territorial development along four co-existent levels: (1) urban fields, (2) clusters, (3) development areas, and (4) disadvantaged areas. The main implication for public policy initiatives resides in smoothing the progress towards building up such a potential for growth. A selected list of recommendations is therefore advanced in compliance with the expeditiousness imperative, namely: (1) adjusting public policy interventions to geographically variable areas of development; (2) prioritizing financial assistance according to integration difficulties specific to a certain area of development, whose coordinates are described along variable geographical scales (local, regional, national and, possibly, international) and functional potentialities; (3) enhancing the complementary role of private and community interventions in developing the programming capability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Metalurgia is the property of Fundatia Metalurgia Romana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The trademark is today the sign that says most about the product or service it designates and that is why it fulfills the essential function of distinguishing goods or services of one undertaking from those of other undertakings. Other words, the trademark distinguishes the goods of a trader of its competitors and communicates to consumers/customers that the products or services it designates are high quality, are the best, the oldest and have a great tradition among the category they belong. The economic importance of trademarks can't be denied. The purpose of the paper below is to analyse the role of trademark today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Statistical Review is the property of Romanian Statistical Review Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper describes the use of CAPM and APT models in stock exchange analysis. The comparative study of the models reveals their advantages and disadvantages. The authors present the mathematical base of the models, the dataset used for the practical approach and validate the conclusions in an elegant manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the authors analyze the main aspects regarding the use of the multiple regression model in the analysis of the Gross Domestic Product of Romania, during the period 1990 - 2010. In this context, there are used as explicative variables, the values of the final consumption, gross formation of capital, variation of inventories and net export. Following the research, we have revealed the fact that this kind of model is not only valid, but also indicated to be used in macroeconomic analyses, because the value of the free term (as image of the factors non-specified in the model) is a much reduced one than the values achieved through linear simple regression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is divided into three parts. The first part, regarding the preliminary aspects, contain an overview of the commercial and non-commercial professionals, in the New Civil Code provisions. The second part defines the concept of professional and the concept of enterprise as a systemic organized activity and also the distinction between the commercial and non-commercial person, as the laws in force provide. The third part exclusively treats the commercial professionals [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inflation targeting and Central Bank credibility are key problems in contemporary world economies. In our paper we verify, using a game theory econometric model, if the National Bank of Romania achieves his target of inflation last 11 years and if his behavior was political independent or conservator depending on government policies. Our results show that first analyzed years the inflation target was not achieved, but last years the National Bank of Romania was very close to his target. Regarding the National Bank behavior, it was especially an independent one, following especially his target on inflation more than government growth policies [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The economic crisis of recent years, the rapid rise of international trade and financial integration, as well as labour market transformations has brought income inequality on centre of attention. This led to an increased interest among researchers and policy makers in understanding the factors influencing income inequality. One of the most important findings of this paper is that GDP per capita reduces income inequality, therefore the policies targeting economic growth will also have a positive effect on income distribution [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autoregulation, a specific phenomenon for the cybernetic systems, at the macroeconomic level, is strongly influenced by factors that negatively or positively affect macroeconomic fluctuations. Thus, the sovereign debt crisis, an actual economic phenomenon, has an undeniable impact on macroeconomic approaches. This paper tries to achieve the following specific objectives: to present the theoretical aspects related to sovereign debt crisis and to autoregulation, to present the impact of sovereign debt crisis on the macroeconomic balance, the application of data mining methods to quantify the impact of sovereign debt crisis on macroeconomic balance and the presentation of the conclusions from the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper we analyze a contractual relation between two economic agents concerning an action or a decision to be taken. This approach corresponds to the Principal-Agent model, analyzed both in the case of symmetric information and in the case of asymmetric information (the moral hazard model). We suppose that the two partners are risk neutral and we determine the features of the optimal contract to be signed by these economic agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some interesting entropic coonexions between probability distributions are presented and as a rezult the possibility to define the concept of entropic convergence is proposed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the main developing directions of tax evasion and its induced risks are presented. The methods of estimating the informal economics are also shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The estimation of the informal economy is a complex and difficult task, especially for countries during transition. Various methods applied to assess it give, not for the few times, quite different values. The methods applied in this paper emphasize the differences between groups of countries in transition in relation to aspects of the informal economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Even if political globalization is an arguable process, as we are rather witnessing at a regional evolution, the existence of a global economy is an undeniable truth. International law, as a classical construction, would undeniably reach its limitations without the defining contribution of international law principles, especially the principle of good faith in international treaties, of protecting the environment and human rights. Article 38 of the statute of the International Court of Justice explicitly admits the existence of the „general principles of law recognized by civilized nations“ as a source of international law. Hence there are axiological fundaments that form the basis of any present or future legal construction, whether it is a global or a regional one (such as the law of the European Union). The complex and dynamic relation between the national legal cultures and the legal values that have a principled role represents the "ferment" that contributes to the transformation of contemporary international law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The so-called economic type trials fit into the row of the "big" conceptual trials of the Rákosi era both chronologically and because of their nature. The sabotage trials were in close connection with the building of the Stalinist state, their aim was to liquidate private ownership completely, build state monopoly in strategic sectors of the economy and make "political economy" regular. Moreover they also became political trials of determinant importance in the given political situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]