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Copyright of Oltenia, Studii si Comunicari Seria Stiintele Naturii is the property of Museum of Oltenia Craiova and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since the outbreak of the Second World War until the early 1950s, Soviet military and special tribunals sentenced over 32,000 foreign military personnel and civilians, including 1350 Romanians, to death or imprisonment (usually for 25, 20, or 15 years of incarceration). The paper recreates the fate of these Romanian detainees, based on the documents from the Soviet/Russian archives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tradition-brands are cultural constructs launched in Romania around the year 2000, which bring into play a repertoire of conventions and “myths” shared nationwide and proposed to the market, increasingly and more intensely in the late years, by large-scale industrial operators, who in this manner simulate and menace small-scale producers (those actually in the right to claim this tradition as their own). Previous work in the anthropology of consumption has theorized that commercial communication associated with tradition-brands represents a space of negotiation between the Big Industry and traditionalist consumers. The present paper resumes, after more than a decade, the previous thesis, with Mark Fisher's conflict theory tools. In this perspective, traditional brands are forms of Big Industry colonization and naturalization of artisan culture. The case analysis of the Matache Măcelaruʼ charcuterie brand reveals multiple levels of realist-capitalist processing of the commercial message. The key understanding of Fisher's theory of consumerism as a sensitive interface between the capitalist system and the public leads to sharp conclusions about the alienation and disintegration of social actors (consumers, small artisans and merchants) and about the removal of small businesses from the current economic landscape. The possibility of a breach in capitalist totalitarianism lies, hypothetically, in the Romanian public's inertia towards globalization. A conscious reaction is also needed, which arises from civic initiatives regarding the realization of a short producer-consumer chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Quality of Life (1018-0389) / Calitatea Vietii is the property of Romanian Academy Publishing House / Editura Academiei Romane and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper refers to the current legislation drafting on cultural heritage in Romania, with a view to the amendments regarding museums and public collections. It debates both on the positive and the negative stipulations in the draft Code of Cultural Heritage, published by the Romanian Ministry of Culture early in 2022. The main subjects presented in the paper are: the revision of the definition of national movable cultural heritage, stating that all cultural goods are subject to legal protection, the emphasis on the public interest in protecting the cultural heritage as well as new and needed clarifications on the public property legal regime of cultural goods in the public domain, new centralized inventories and registries, new procedures regarding the classification as "National Treasury" and the new ex lege general protection regime for public collections, accredited museums and religious institutions, new obligations regarding the strategic planning of museum collections management and accessibility for the public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bulletin of the 'Carol I' National Defence University / Buletinul Universitatii Nationale de Aparare 'Carol I' is the property of Carol I National Defence University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the early 1930s, the British government realised that it was far behind other governments (such as the German or the Soviet) in foreign propaganda over the radio airwaves, the new and revolutionary communication medium of the era. The prospect and outbreak of the Second World War precipitated London's actions in order to overcome the handicap. The European service of the British Broadcasting Corporation, the public radio company, was developed. Starting with 1939, Romanian was also among the foreign languages in which this service was approved. But the British government did not consider this measure sufficient. It also constituted a network of "clandestine radios", complementary to the official one. These radios targeted listeners in German-allied or German-occupied countries. Such a radio also broadcast in Romanian, and soon it came to the attention of the authorities in Bucharest. The present article is based on the monitoring that the Ion Antonescu government (1940-1944) did regarding the broadcasts of this radio station, monitoring kept in the military and civil archives in Romania. Based on these documents, the article identifies the editorial line of the British clandestine radio in Romanian, in the period 1940-1943. As expected, the radio virulently criticized Nazi Germany and its Romanian ally, the Antonescu government. The clandestine radio enjoyed a much greater freedom of expression than that of the Romanian section of the BBC. Clandestine radio had a strictly secret status, but nevertheless, making use of later testimony, this paper attempts to identify the contributors to the radio, who have been mainly recruited by the British from the members of the Romanian embassy in London. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, I present (using nonformalized language) examples of theoretical solutions proposed by researchers focused on the study of mechanism design theory, with the purpose of solving specific educational policy issues based on the school choice principle. Focusing on the mechanisms that aim a controlled school choice by parents, I describe mechanisms whose objective is to implement affirmative policies (e.g., quotas for specific categories of students). At the same time, in this paper, I analyze the characteristics of the system through which the students are assigned to high-school in Romania, using "mechanism design theory" literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the methodological and discursive transition in Aurel Voina's theoretical conceptualisation of cosmetic science. The primary focus is the rewriting of personal and professional identity, assessing how Aurel Voina negotiated his conceptual and practical expertise from his role as eugenics ideologue and policy maker in the interwar era, to a much more marginal position as medical professional in Communist Romania. The aim is to identify common elements and identify how deep did the historical manipulation protrude. This paper thus offers a closer view of political changes determining calibrations in physical and conceptual self-representation, considering concepts of fluid identity and manipulation of memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Psychology / Revista de Psihologie is the property of Romanian Academy Publishing House / Editura Academiei Romane and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Reconversion involves a complex process of change, improvement of a thing or activity, so, in this order of ideas, industrial reconversion is marked by a broad action of renovation or change of business direction of an industrial company. This paper aims to find solutions and implement them to facilitate the process of economic and visual regeneration of industrial spaces. In order to prepare this paper I used several techniques for analyzing and interpreting geographic data such as the method of bibliographic analysis, the method of observation, the historical method, the cartographic method, the method of analysis and the method of the questionnaire. These actions materialized through the analysis of historical documents within the municipal library, cadastral plans, scientific documents. The second stage materialized by observing the realities in the field and concretizing a general idea about the current state of the industrial units. The next step was marked by the processing of the obtained data and the production of statistical and cartographic results relevant to the analysis. The results obtained can be useful for understanding the decline of the local and regional economy due to the disappearance, illness or decommissioning of industrial units in Galati, but also materialize in starting points for new assumptions and solutions to improve and enrich the industrial heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By the late 1960s, the UN started several programs that aimed to transfer technical expertise from the Western countries to the Socialist bloc. For example, in 1967, there was established in Bucharest The Center for the Improvement of Industrial Managers (CEPECA), a training facility heavily funded under the UNDP frameworks. The paper questions the means behind the process of making industrial management into a strategic priority of the socialist state, documenting, thus, the specific forms that scientific knowledge had acquired in Romania and what such models tell us about the developmental agenda of the state. It further advocates for reading such transfers both convert knowledge into organizational structures and actions and articulate decisionmaking hierarchies at various levels of the state’s leadership. Thus, the paper pursues two purposes. First, to highlight the emergence of an area of expertise on industrial management and its uses, and thus to stress how local actors, practices, and processes have become involved in the creation, dissemination, and transformation of a transnational body of knowledge. Second, to flesh out the professional implications of these transfers in socialist Romania by looking at how such knowledge has increased the experts’ visibility in decision-making processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper represents a short theoretical analysis of Romanian foreign policy during World War I, mainly in the period of Romanian neutrality. It could be a starting point for a book. We attempted to articulate and elaborate a solid theoretical framework concerning our approach. The Romanian political class aimed the achieving of the national interest. The national interest represents one of the key-concepts for the realist school of thought in international realations and for neorealism as well. We took also into account the game theory, belonging to the strategic realism. We have demonstrated that the Romanian state has performed as a rational actor of the international arena, deliberately delaying the intervention in the war. For a while Romania played the role of a balancer in the Balkan area. The president of the Romanian Council of Ministers, Ion I.C. Brătianu will adopt a bandwagoning behavior, deciding to enter World War I, alongside with the Entente at the moment he considered optimal. Usually, in their relations with Great Powers, the weaker states tend rather to bandwagoning than to balancing. In relations with actors with a similar power, these states will rather opt for balancing. Therefore regarding Bulgaria (a state with military capabilities quite similar to those of Romania) the officials of Bucharest preferred to opt for balancing. in its relations with Entente’s states, Romanian Kingdom naturally chose to adopt a bandwagong behavior. When a state actor or an alliance has the biggest chances to win in a conflict, the states tend to join the stronger camp than form coalitions. In these circumstances, the states will opt for bandwagoning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper brings into discussion the opinions of Popescu et al. published in 2019 regarding carnivore conservation in Romania in the context of some recent legislation changes, namely the decision of the Ministry of Environment not to issue for 2016 a derogation order for carnivores and the decision of the same ministry to issue such an order in 2017. This article provides important details on carnivore management and conservation along time and reveals the differences between the former active management and the present passive one (culling carnivores only when are dangerous to people, based on derogations). The latter resulted from the strict protection decided at the time of the accession in the European Union and was exacerbated by some further decisions (like those mentioned by Popescu et al.). The paper also addresses the coexistence with carnivores for centuries in the Romanian Carpathians and underlines the need for tolerance from those humans literally sharing the landscapes with carnivores. Such tolerance cannot be attained by the strict protection which intensifies conflicts instead of preventing or keeping them under control. Last but not least, it is proposed that scientific research (advocated by Popescu et al) should be used constantly and not only in a certain direction. Moreover, a precautionary approach should be invoked especially in the cases when changing a system which has worked well along decades is sought. In the case of carnivores in Romania, none of these two (a precautionary approach and scientific evidence) was used in taking the relatively recent decisions under discussion here. The paper concludes that for Romania to remain an example of coexistence of carnivores and humans for the rest of Europe and "to safeguard Europe's last wild frontier", the actual system which produces negative effects on conservation should be reconsidered and not perpetuated as Popescu et al. pretend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines (in two parts) a lesser-known dimension of Romania's participation in the First World War: the case of the Romanian POWs interned in various German camps. Based on archival sources as well as various works, papers, memoirs and war journals of the former combatants who survived German captivity, the article sheds new light on an under-researched topic. The mortality rate among the Romanian POWs was one of the highest (over 31% of the prisoners, mainly soldiers) among those interned in camps created by the Central Powers. This situation can be explained by two main factors. First, Romanians (especially the soldiers) experienced harsh, often degrading and inhumane treatment because of the deep resentment showed by Germany towards Romania, as the country had sided with the Entente, despite its initial alliance with the Central Powers. Second, Romanian POWs were victims of increasingly severe scarcity in Germany: as the country was hit by economic crisis, it struggled to cope with the growing numbers of POWs, which reached 2,5 million people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Quality of Life (1018-0389) / Calitatea Vietii is the property of Romanian Academy Publishing House / Editura Academiei Romane and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Romania's new international status after 1878 conferred it the right to develop its own defence policy, whose main goal was the consolidation of independence and the maintaining of peace in South-Eastern Europe. Consequently, steps were taken towards the creation of an efficient defensive system, adapted for the geostrategic configuration of the country. In October 1882, at the personal invitation of King Carol I, General Henri-Alexis Brialmont arrived in Bucharest in order to prepare the defences of the newly independent Romania. The paper below details the sinuous path from inception to completion of these defences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the manifesting of Romania’s independence from Moscow in 1968, based on diplomatic documents from the Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Belgium. Romania’s dialogue with Moscow, Prague, Belgrade and Paris are presented in this article. The article proves that beyond the political regime, the national interest of Romania was permanent and it has manifested itself when it had this chance. It was an act of courage, openness and prestige. It was a risky move, but Romania managed to avoid a Soviet invasion. Internally, however, the Bucharest regime did not embark on the path of reforms, but of neo-Stalinism, the cult of personality and communist ideological correctness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Quality of Life (1018-0389) / Calitatea Vietii is the property of Romanian Academy Publishing House / Editura Academiei Romane and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Food and nutrition have been topics constantly addressed, in various forms, in the media, in both fiction and non-fiction genres. Lately, within the media coverage of this vast issue, new ways of approaching and new associations have emerged, topics like health food, sustainable nutrition, diverse dietary trends, risks associated with nutrition or, generally, with some lifestyles, the treatment and attitude towards animals grown for consumption, harming the environment, etc., being currently themes addressed in the media as frequently as recipes, dietary recommendations, plants cultivation and animal husbandry, or traditional dishes and culinary habits. This paper presents the results of a comparative study on the coverage of nutrition topics in Germany and Romania. The research, based on a content analysis of online thematic press articles from the two countries, covers a three-year period (2014-2016). The main research objectives pursued in the study were to identify the most relevant aspects regarding both the content and the form of the coverage of the topic of nutrition, and to make comparisons in these respects. The paper discusses in particular the similarities and differences between the two countries regarding the media construction of nutrition as a general problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All countries, including Romania, are increasingly affected by biological invasions. As a result, the need to study this phenomenon has become increasingly apparent. The aim of the present paper is to report the presence of five new forest insect species recently found in the northeastern part of Romania and data on their distribution in the region. The detection of the insect presence was done using identification sheets based on their morphological aspect and the characteristics of the attack, following a protocol that would make investigating work more efficient. Of the alien species found, five are new to the area of Moldova and are discussed in the present paper. They are: Dasineura gleditchiae (Osten Sacken, 1866), Appendiseta robiniae (Gillette, 1907), Prociphilus fraxinifolii (Riley, 1879), Corythucha arcuata (Say, 1832) and Nematus (Pteronidea) tibialis Newman, 1837. The first three are also new species for Romania's fauna. For each species, data are presented concerning the systematic classification and the host species, where and when it was found, the type of crop and the age of the infested trees, the frequency and severity of the attack, the region from which it originated, where it was reported for the first time in Europe and in the neighboring countries of Romania, and to what extent it is a potentially harmful pest. All species presented in the work come from North America and four of them have been found on host species from their native area (black locust, honey locust and green ash), while the fifth is mainly found on native species of the genus Quercus. Except for C. arcuata, all of them have been present in Romania, including the studied region, for at least a decade or even longer, but have gone unnoticed in the absence of research like those presented in this paper. Currently they are present almost everywhere where their host species are grown. Apart from N. tibialis, the insect species reported have the potential to become important pests of their hosts. As a result, it is necessary to study their biology and ecology in the ecosystems in which they entered in Romania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses the often overlooked aspects in historiography, namely the daily life during wartime. Behind the dry figures and facts that historians tend to focus on, there were countless real lives affected by the war. While apparently less spectacular than discussing major victories or defeats or the evolution of the frontlines, there can be no real understanding of World War 1 - and of war, in general - without having a picture of the individual efforts and individual dramas of the people involved. The paper below sheds some light unto the daily lives of the Romanian soldiers and officers during World War 1, the text being accompanied by an impressive number of rare photographs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pine resin-gall moth, Retinia resinella (Linnaeus, 1758), is a species reported for a long time in the Romanian fauna, but about which there is little information regarding its spread in our country and its biology. The objective of this paper is to contribute to a better understanding of the situation under the two mentioned aspects. For this, observations were conducted in five mountain ranges located in the Eastern Carpathians whence the species had not been reported before: Călimani, Giumalău, Suhard, Rodna and Maramureș, at altitudes of 1680-1790 m above sea level. Twigs of dwarf mountain pine (Pinus mugo Turra) with galls caused by the larvae of this species were harvested from all five mountain ranges. The moth was identified by the host species on which the galls were collected, by gall characteristics and by the appearance of the larvae found in the new galls. At the same time, it was established the years in which the flight of the adults of this moth took place and the gall were formed. The determination of the years was made after the annual increases in the length of the branches, as well as according to the number of their annual rings. Investigations have shown that the species is present and lives on dwarf mountain pine in all five mountain ranges, and the flight takes place in both even and odd years. Therefore, one can say that the area of the species in our country is much wider than previously known and it is very likely to be present in other places where pine species, especially P. sylvestris L. and P. mugo grow. The relatively large proportion of galls on the shoots formed in odd years suggests the existence at high altitudes of at least an important segment of the population that needs three years to complete its development, and not just two years, as evidenced in the literature, and it is not excluded to be three cohorts that develop after a three-year cycle. Further investigations are needed to clarify this issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines some aspects of the institutional history of postwar Romanian philosophy with a special focus on the Institute of Philosophy of the Academy of People's Republic of Romania. Using archival sources the aim of this paper is to shed more light on the main aspects of philosophical research during cultural Stalinism and to underline the inflexion points within Romanian „philosophical" writing between 1948 and 1965. One examined the lack of human resources and its impact on the emergence of Marxist-Leninist philosophy, but also the main research topics studied at the Philosophy Section of the Institute of History and Philosophy and Institute of Philosophy especially in the 1950s. We focused also on the context of unmasking and purges of the „philosophical" front mainly in late 1950s, underlining the Agitprop fight against Revisionism and „bourgeois" influence in social sciences. In 1948 the lack of human resources in the field of philosophical research was obvious from Marxist-Leninist perspective. This was one the reasons why in 1948-49 the communist decision-makers did not support the creation of a separate Institute of Philosophy under the aegis of Romanian Academy. Instead between 1949 and 1953 the communist Agitprop agreed the functioning of a Philosophy Section within the newly born Institute of History and Philosophy (the former Institute of History founded by Nicolae Iorga). The appointment of Constantin Ionescu-Gulian as deputy director of the Philosophy Section of the Institute of History and Philosophy (in 1949) was the Agitprop response to the aforementioned lack of human resources in the field of philosophical research. After some hesitations in 1953-54 the communist party leadership chose again C.I. Gulian as director of the newly-created Institute of Philosophy. By periodical ideological harassment directed against Gulian Agitprop succeeded in fact to control the philosophical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper illustrates the use of the brand components in the most important campaign debate of the presidential elections in Romania in 2014: the first televised election confrontation between the candidates (Victor Ponta and Klaus Iohannis) in the second round of the presidential election. The research method of case study was selected. The research technique consisted of the content analysis of the two speeches. Finding the elements of the candidate's brand in a single confrontation implies, even more so, his presence in the entire election campaign. Six of the eight components of the brand (adaptability, differentiation, innovation, history, positioning, and segmentation) are used by both candidates with the purpose to influence citizens’ vote. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Intellectual Property Law / Revista Română de Dreptul Proprietăţii Intelectuale is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the recent years, cyberspace has become an incubator for feminist activism. Cyberfeminism has gained momentum through various online platforms, campaigns, movements, and galvanized women (and – to a certain extent – men) to “move beyond the hashtag” and engage in actions meant to drive socio-political change. The Women’s March on Washington in January 2016, for instance, was triggered by a Facebook post, and turned into an unprecedented women’s activism action, replicating across the globe. A more recent movement, #MeToo, has emerged into cyberspace and raised issues of credibility, as it tapped into a culture of gender inequality and power relations that created and fostered an environment of intimidation and silence. The unprecedented wave of sexual harassment allegations brought to surface countless confessions from regular women and celebrities who have been pivotal in raising awareness on this issue. However, this cyberfeminist movement also intensified the cyberbullying phenomenon, as the mechanisms of storytelling engaged in #MeToo have not only generated a wave of gendered solidarity, but also one of trivializing – even bashing – such stories, and the individuals who reported previous incidents on social media. This paper analyzes the emergence and development of the #MeToo movement in Romania in the fall of 2017, focusing on storytelling mechanisms employed on Facebook and effects on user behavior, an assessment of social media users’ navigation of the phenomenon, in terms of solidarity networks and bullying generated by Romanian women’s tackling of a cultural taboo. Keywords: #MeToo, Romania, feminism, social media, sexual harassment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pandectele Române is the property of Wolters Kluwer Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper presents a number of documents published in Bulgaria in 2005 in a volume bearing the title "Bulgaria in World War 1. German Diplomatic Documents. Collection of Documents in Two Volumes", 2nd volume, 1916-1918. Keeping in mind that the government in Sofia was allied with the Central Powers and had taken part in the war since October 1915, the imminent signing of the Treaty of Bucharest (May 1918) provoked a lot of excitement within Bulgarian political circles. Unsurprisingly, the main objective of the aforesaid circles was the annexation of entire Dobruja. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper deals with the behaviour of Romanian intellectuals which have remained on the occupied territory during the First World War, focusing on a key-player Romanian personality of that time, namely Alexandru Tzigara Samurcaş, often labelled by some of his opponents as being a colaborationist. Blamed for his close relations with the representatives of German Administration, Alexandru Tzigara Samurcaş obviously needs a new and balanced approach regarding his conduct, without exaggerations and parti-pris. The research tackles the controversy surrounding his activity during the occupation of a significant part of Romanian territory (including Bucharest) by the Central Powers, starting with his conduct as Chief of (Romanian) Police of Bucharest and representative of the Romanian Royal House and continuing with the polemics with other Romanian major personalities which continued during the interwar decades. Based on new archival sources, the research is oriented towards unveiling all significant aspects related to his activity, including the rationale behind many of his initiatives, both during the war/occupation and after. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our study focuses on one of the most important problems of Romanian society during the transition from communism to the current society - deindustrialization. The decline of the industry manifested itself rapidly, leading to an increase in the unemployment rate from year to year, but also to the reorientation of the labor force towards the tertiary field of activity. This paper follows several models of transformation of some industrial areas from the communist period to the present, presenting the differences, the transformation of land administration and use, the decay or attempt to reconvert certain spaces to residential / mixed / etc. One of the main conclusions is that in general, all old enterprises suffered severely after privatization, but it seems that the patterns of evolution of the deindustrialization phenomenon were different from case to case, to exemplify the general typologies. The four enterprises pursued by us represent general models of evolution / involution, or of adaptation of the industrial sector to the post-industrial stage or of deindustrialization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the way in which the Romanian monarchy was perceived in Romanian historiography and in the daily Scânteia, the press organ of the Romanian Workers' Party, in the first communist decade, 1948- 1959. The perception of the monarchy in the historiography and press of the "obsessive decade" was eminently negative. The situation can be explained by the fact that the new political regime in Bucharest aimed to paint a dark past for national history, in contrast to the new development options of the country based on the light coming from Moscow. Those who did not agree to enter this interpretive grid suffered greatly, many of the historians and media people who opposed the dominant ideology ending up in the prisons of communist Romania [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eastern enlargement had tested the EU’s capacity of integration of former communist states. The role of EU in Romania`s democratization is fully acknowledged by literature, but Romania still has problems in reforming its judicial system and eradicating corruption. This article aims to investigate how discourses refect the political relations of Romania and EU between 2014 and 2019. In doing so, this paper analysis 20 formal public discourses of Romanian and European politicians and uses newspapers and official sites as sources. The results indicate that Romania faces another political crisis in 2017 consisting in passing of new justice law and Emergency Ordinance 13 that creates impunity for highlevel officials who have been convicted for corruption. The UE responds with the CVM reports that shows Romania still has a long way to go in order to become a fully integrated EU member state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper the author presents the fates of the Basarabian politicians that were arrested in Basarabia after June 28, 1940. At the same time it is analyses in the article that the arrests of the remarkable political persons from Basarabia continued after August 23, 1944, at this time in Romania. Along with the outstanding representatives of the Romanian political elite, high officials of the interwar period from Basarabia were reckoned among the „class enemy” and arrested. They were blamed for the „betrayal of the soviet motherland” and for the „voting for unification with Romania”. A greate part of those arrested were of old age and had health problems. Some of those people died on the way to prison or in the imprisonment. Those survived after their liberation were under continaul operative supervision of the Security till the death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tourism resources integrate the totality of attractive elements within a territory. The natural attractions of Sălaj County have been approached in this paper by analysing the four categories that are long-established in the scientific literature: morphological, climatic, hydrological and biogeographical tourist attractions. The geographical location of Sălaj County provides a privileged situation and a relative geographical unity, marked by a complex and complementary natural environment derived from the presence of a varied morphology. The karst morphology includes caves (Cuciulat, Măgurici), gorges (Babei Gorges), karst springs (Barcău Springs), and other attractions. The alternation of hard rocks and softer rocks, more friable and less resistant to erosion, led to the emergence of interesting forms, the result of differential erosion, such as the Dragons' Garden (Grădina Zmeilor), the Devil's Rock (Stânca Dracului), "The Old Man and the Old Woman" ("Moșu și Baba"). Mineral and thermal waters are used for curative purposes at Băile Boghiș, Băile Bizușa, Jibou and Șimleu Silvaniei. The biogeographical potential is represented mainly by the vegetation cover, which is very diverse, including both forests and valuable flowering plants. Sălaj County has a significant natural potential, which is yet to be capitalized from the perspective of tourism, because natural attractions in Sălaj County are still little known to tourists, even in Romania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses current challenges of the welfare regime in Romania, from the standpoint of postmodern cultural changes that started to affect society. Acording to the main argument, Romania is intertwined with other societies that have already underwent through fundamental changes due to increasing postmodern cultural orientation. Such process comes together with a need for individualization of intervention, due to individualization of needs. Delocalization and denormalization overlap individualization, in a world dominated by mobilities. The paper delves with the basic characteristics of these changes and shows how they already affect or may affect Romania in the near future, in specific domains such as family, education, or housing. International migration is in particular addressed, since Romania is experiencing a large and long-lasting out-migration flow. Changes in technologies are used as material basis for future changes, while cultural preferences and their changes are the red line for all subchapters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I examine the discourse on banditry (haiducie) articulated by the romantic elite of 19th century Romania. By relying on the various literary productions of the era, from short stories to memoirs and travel literature, I posit that the image of the noble bandit is rather manufactured by the elite to fit their political agenda, if not actually imported from ready-made west-European bandit models. The reason behind the cosmetic treatment of robbers and highwaymen that the Romanian elites perform in their writings, is the same as that of their western counterparts: noble bandits are easily integrated in the emerging nation-state narrative of the era and are useful as precursors of the political claims of the elite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to identify and explore psychosocial burdens experienced by cancer patients using a mixed‑method research design with mainly qualitative output. The introductory part of this paper is followed by presentation of a theoretical framework comprising definitions used in qualitative research: triangulation, observation, purposive sampling, thematic analysis, collation, theory‑based analysis (grounded theory analysis), theoretical saturation and phenomenological approach. In the section dedicated to methodology we described the sampling process, criteria for selecting participants in the study, data collection instruments and interview transcription protocols. The next section covers the data analysis process. Analysis, processing and interpretation of raw data resulting from qualitative research on cancer patients were based on 83 interviews included in the MAXQDA database.In this mixed‑method design, an essentialist‑realistic, inductive and evaluative approach data analysis was used, focused on theme‑based analysis, tending towards grounded theory.The most extended section of this paper presents qualitative and quantitative data, results from the mixed‑method analysis. Thus, there were common themes identified and described to provide a comprehensive picture of the meaning and essence of study participants' experiences. Complexity of the dynamics of interaction between different groups of patients and investigated subjects produced additional results, too. This paper ends with the conclusion section, including limitations and future directions of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an important personality of Romanian classical philology. Professor Mihaela Paraschiv is a complex personality that combines linguistic rigor with a special literary sensibility. The article lists all the fields in which this professor from the Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iaşi asserted herself. I emphasize that she made important contributions of a linguistic nature, she analyzed important aspects of ancient literary works and of Italian and Romanian humanism and made numerous translations from ancient Greek and Latin for the first time in Romanian. At the same time, she carried out an exceptional didactic activity, some of her former students becoming personalities in the field of classical philology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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During the last couple of years, a lot has be written about the First World War Centenary and its significance for Romania. In this context, the paper below draws the attention to a very special event in the history of telecommunications in Romania, an event that was hasten by the outbreak of the First World War. The event in question is the creation of the very first wireless telegraph station in Romania in the late summer of 1914, something that allowed the Romanian government to be updated in real time on the course of the war. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Apart from the existing scientific interest surrounding the research area related to the topic of First World War and Romania's participation in the war, which, for decades mainly tackled the political disputes within Romanian society related to War and the military confrontations per se, some other topics, such as those referring to cultural and social implications of the war, the relation between war, territory and collective memory and, last but not least, the issue of social and intellectual behaviour under the occupation regime have been either entirely neglected or given short shrift. Among these, various topics concerning the behaviour of Romanian intelectuals which have remained on the occupied territory during the First World War have often been omitted. This paper focuses on such a topic, referring to some of the most influential Romanian intellectuals who remained on the occupied territory between 1916-1918. The research tackles the controversy surrounding many of them, especially when it comes to the way they were related to the occupation administration during World War I. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to analyze in which way Romania and the United Kingdom have interacted between 1918-1940, at the level of the European security system, in the light of the national security interests. This interaction wasn't carried out in a regular fashion due to the fact that the United Kingdom, as one of the world's greatest powers, had much more complex interests, the East-European space being for London a region where negotiation involving economic and political influence could be carried out with the other top world players. However, during the interbellum period, bilateral relationships have been created, as well as political and economic cooperation projects. Also, the military plan hasn't been neglected, considering that by the end of the 3rd decade; a mutual vision has been reached, about guaranteeing security in the Black Sea Region, through Romanian-English initiatives. Historical research of documents (general papers, archives) shows us a winding collaboration between the intelligence services from general actions, breaching the Soviet and German space, to banning the British secret services on the Romanian territory between 1939 and 1940. This happened because, as World War II started, the British and Romanian strategic interests have begun to falter, Romania's natural resources and especially its oil industry becoming a sore spot in the relationship between the two states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the following issues: the presentation of the Economic and Monetary Union from the perspective of the accession of a Member State to it, and in particular highliging the legal elements regarding the accession of Romania to the eurozone, the legal conditions and the institutional framework from Romania and possible legal effects of the changeover, as they result from the comparative law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Global Economics / Revista de Economie Mondială is the property of Institute for World Economy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper presents results of a risk analysis of forest fires at county level, based on published statistical data of period 1976-2000 ("Health condition of the forests în Romania") and different methodologies to assess the fire risk of forest stands using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and a methodology integrating GIS techniques. The global fire risk model, based on the cumulated ranks on the analyzed period, indicated a very higher risk for forests in the south-west and south-east of Romania (the counties Caraș Severin, Gorj, and Tulcea, Constanța respectively), while other eight counties were included in the higher fire risk category. Among the models of fire occurrence based on SPI, the higher variance was explained by the cumulated value of SPI in winter, spring and summer (44%). The method based on ranking scores considered six main factors contributing to the occurrence of forest fires - vegetation type, distance to forest edge/roads, maximum temperature, maximum moisture, historical occurrence of forest fire, based on which is provided a 5 - class risk system. This method is extended further by using GIS tools, which could provide mapped information on the forest fire risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

World War l has, irreparably, marked the history of humanity by the extent of the damage and the huge number of casualties. "The Great War" meant, alongside the trench warfare, also a battle of propaganda, encountered, especially in the gazettes of that time. They lined up to the Official Policy of the State and contributed, through the messages submitted to the readers, to support the war effort. This paper aims to present the manner in which the Romanian press from Transilvania and Banat was reported, which were the pivotal concerns, and especially, what was their attitude towards the new enemy, arriving in 1916, in Romania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vrancea area is known as one of the most heavily affected by torrential processes and complex land degradation due to deforestation. About 75,000 ha of forest (in the mountains and on slopes of the main valleys in the lower areas) were cut to laughter during 1890 and 1937, the remaining land being degraded (high degradation on 25,000 ha in 1940). The paper contains a summary of actions taken during the period 1950-1990 for restoring forests in mountainous areas and rehabilitate degraded land in the lower part of hilly area of the Vrancea: afforestation of deforested slopes, deteriorated abusively or set on fire; substitution of inadequate pioneer stands; fitting / strengthening and afforestation of degraded lands; arrangement of torrential formations, etc. The plantations carried out both in forest land, but especially those on degraded land, have a high efficiency both in terms of protection, economic and social functions, but also of the restoration of the landscape. Under natural conditions favoring land degradation, climate change processes and wasteful use of land slope, erosion and landslides currently produce significant damages, requiring afforestation of at least 25-30,000 ha of degraded or ineffective land for agricultural use. To celebrate 100 years of the Great Union and the heroes of World War I, in Vrancea, Marasesti area, a symbolic afforestation project was carried out on 75 ha. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of the complex phenomenon of the reeducation in Communist prisons. The author gives several examples of political prisoners that underwent reeducation to prove that despite its magnitude reeducation was not irreversible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]