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The process of identifying sources and representations of melancholy in cinema implies exploring character typologies that present aspects or even clear symptoms of what is currently termed as melancholic depression or major depression disorder. David Lean’s Brief Encounter (1945), an adaptation of Noël Coward’s short play Still Life (1936), presents female melancholy as an inherent symptom of the bovaryc character. This paper analyzes aspects of melancholy studying the case of Lean’s main character, Laura, and relating it to the features of bovarysm, as theorized and exhaustively explored by French philosopher Jules de Gaultier in the essay Le Bovarysme (1892). To what extent is melancholy an inherent symptom of the bovaric character? While exploring the ongoing psychological research on melancholy and depression, we find it difficult to determine whether the character suffers from major depression disorder, as it is impossible to ascertain the specific cause of their symptoms, especially if they relate to internal, neurobiological systems. The apparent cause of their unhappiness seems to be the result of their perception of romantic relationships and their surrounding reality that does not reflect this distortion. Consequently, the analysis mainly focuses on the detectable elements and activators of the protagonist’s melancholic disposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In varying degrees, the whole world is affected by negative feelings, fear, fear, sadness, lack of energy and the list goes on. In scientific research (not only in psychiatry) we talk about affective dysfunctions. Depression is still mentioned in the Bible, encountered in Saul and Moses - considered an ancient human suffering - precisely because of the multitude of signs, symptoms, it was difficult to define. Unhappy people often say about themselves that they are depressed, that they cannot respond to everyday events. Mood swings go from episodes of not coping to situations where they are able to cope with everyday life and solve problems. These behavioral changes, from mild to severe, create a diverse picture of human activity in clinical psychology. Thus, from the specialists' concern for the knowledge and understanding of the phenomenon of depression, being a disorder that includes a complex bio-psycho-socio-cultural picture, we have reached the knowledge of the multiple facets that it encompasses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A variety of treatment modalities are available for the management of depression: prescription medications, psychotherapy, and somatic treatments (electroconvulsive therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation). Medications and/or psychotherapy are indicated for moderate to severe depressive symptoms, while somatic treatments are used for severe refractory cases. Lifestyle and social support are important to decrease the risk of mood disorders and to alleviate their symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Post-partum depression is a very important psychiatric pathology, with a negative impact not only on the mother, but also on the child and the family as a whole. The risk factors that can contribute to the appearance of this mental illness are psychosocial, biological and genetic, childhood traumas and personal traits of the mother also playing an important role in the occurrence of depressive symptoms. The diagnosis of post-partum depression involves the necessity to identify people at risk by screening, redirecting the case to psychiatric services, monitoring the evolution and the treatment. The diagnosis of post-partum depression sets a psychiatric pathological precedent, the mother being thus prone to relapse during life. The evolution of post-partum depression may vary depending on bio-psycho-social factors involved in its etiopathogenesis. The behavioral changes in the child of the mother diagnosed with postpartum depression lay the foundations of a vicious cycle; the child may be predisposed to developing the same pathology. The importance of prevention through screening and ensuring good psychosocial support helps to reduce the incidence of post-partum depression, thus having a positive impact on children and family life, but also a decrease in the costs of depression treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevalence of cancer distress among patients diagnosed with cancer varies between 20-52%, data from recent years in our country indicating that almost half of them experience depressive or anxious symptoms throughout the course of the disease. Individualized psychosocial care should be recognized as a universal human right, and should be integrated into the patient's routine care. Screening and management of oncological distress performed by a multidisciplinary team is a necessary standard to achieve a quality patient-centered care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the self-esteem, sexual self-efficacy, anxiety and depression levels of women with hirsutism. Method: The population of our study consisted of married women who were diagnosed as hirsutism and who were controlled in a public hospital in Isparta. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Sexual self-efficacy scale and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE) are used to determine anxiety, depression, sexual self-efficacy levels and participants' self-esteem. Results: When the working status of the women was examined, a significant difference was found between the mean scores of RSE and sexual self-efficacy scale. There was a significant relationship between the status of having friends and HAD DEP, self-esteem scale and sexual self-efficacy scale mean scores. Conclusion: Treatment in women presenting with excessive hair growth should not be considered as a symptomatic treatment plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to review the generally accepted benchmarks (evidence) of suicide in major depressive disorder and the controversies surrounding them. Resuming the discussion of concepts that appear to be axiomatic may open new opportunities for the development of pragmatic interventions aimed at reducing the suicidal phenomenon in general and at the level of particular populations, such as those of Harghita and Covasna counties, where the suicide rate continues to be very large, despite the measures already taken. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depression is an important public health problem at the moment. There are data that can influence the spiritual spirit and resilience on major depression, can be studied imposingly and to cope with a Romanian population. The study will evaluate the spirituality, resilience, symptoms and severity of depression and suicide risk on a sample of adult patients diagnosed with major depression. The control group will consist of participants without psychiatric background, comparable as age and sex with the first group. Patients will undergo a structured psychiatric interview (M.I.N.I. - International Neuropsychiatric Interview), will complete a demographic questionnaire and will assessed with a depression scale, suicide risk scale, resilience and spirituality scale. Spirituality and religiosity become an area of interest for the study of depression protective factors. The present paper may propose to demonstrate the beneficial influence of the spirituality on the symptoms of major depression and the reduction of suicide risk in major depressive disorder. If the study will find a statistically significant correlation between spirituality and suicide risk reduction, it will emphasize the importance of spirituality in the evolution of psychiatric patients and it may change their approach and management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared with ICD-10, ICD-11 is closer to treatment guidelines, more rubustly based on biological research evidence. However, not enough data are available in order to reach the target of etiological diagnosis. DSM-5 does not include the idea of depression spectrum; the inclusion in separate chapters of bipolar affective disorder and depressive disorder suggests the differences between the bipolar spectrum and depression spectrum. ICD-11 eliminates alphanumerical codes (F, followed by 2 or 3 numbers). ICD-11 diagnosis is established through a 4-step decision-tree algorithm. Moreover, descriptive specifiers for most important psychological features or illness evolution specifiers can be attached to the diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the cognitive-behavioural intervention associated with psycho-pharmacological treatment in a patient suffering from bulimia nervosa with co-morbid depressive disorder that require specific treatment in view of the coexistent clinical depression that maintains the eating disorder. We described the structure of the therapeutic process and the steps followed in the therapy to achieve the proposed objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem considered is to highlight the existence of differences in the level of depression, anxiety andsomatization to parents whose children have neurological or psychological disorders and the existence of differences in the level of self-esteem in them and highlighting a specific link between the child's disorder and marital satisfaction of parents. The subject matter is of high importance due to the fact that few studies have evaluated the effects of the diseaseon the child's parents. The type of disorder which the child is suffering experience triad involving co-interactionbetween the child and the family that is affected by the disorder. In the research were used: Scale to measure self-esteem Rosenberg, symptom assessment scale SCL-90 and Scale for Assessment of marital satisfaction. Regarding the differences between the level of somatization and marital satisfaction among the three groups of parents research results lead us to conclude that these relationships are coincidental and not due to the health ofchildren. As the self-esteem, anxiety and depression among the three groups of parents research results indicatestatistically significant differences between them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Around 2-4% from human genome have neanderthalien genes. That suggest th a t H. Neanderthaliensis sublimated in H. Sapines, and did n ot disappeared 30 000years ago. The insertion o f neanderthalien gene to Homo sapiens led to humans who were more adapted to the cold weather temperatures o f Europe, compared with Africa, by keratin structure o f the skin and hair, white skin o f Europeans and Asiatic. The cold also generated the selection o f some genes o f lipid metabolism, which, in catabolism, protect from cold. The links with the area o f decreased temperatures could be extremely important, viewing from depression point o f view. The data converge to the hypothesis o f evolutive development o f depression in cold European areas, as followed o f genetic ability to cope with cold. The hypothesis o f evolutive origin o f bipolar disease (EOBD) synthesize the ideas about the biological clock and seasonal changes in mood. The assumption is th a t this derives in bipolar disorder (in originary descends) from a group named compact pyknic, “adapted to cold". If it were accepted th a t depression appeared in the evolution o f Homo and it is linked to populations living in cold, and were adapted to cold, and i f they make correlations with gene changes, then you could show that temporal moment o f adaptability is linked to the era called Pleistocene. In that era, in the European area there were no Homo Sapiens, but only Homo Neanderthaliensis. Modern research suggests th a t depression and mania, coupled in bipolar disorder, are based on genetic. The genes involved in these two conditions were: brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), d-amino acid oxidase activator (DAOA), disrupted in schizophrenia (DISC) 1, solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter) m ember (SLC6A4), named as triptophan-hydroxylase isoform (TPH) 2; diacil-glicerolkinase (DGKH), calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1C subunit (CACNA1C), ankiryn 3 (ANK3) and microcephalin 1 (MCPH-1). Or, MCPH- 1 gene is a gene highlighted to archaic human populations, especially in neanderthaliens, where it was allegedly transferred to modem man. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the last 15 years, numerous studies were conducted for detecting the prevalence of depression in the patients with coronary artery disease. The reported rate of depression vary a lot from study to study because of the differences between patients' demographic characteristics, such as gender, age or the type of coronary artery disease, as well as because of the method used to assess depression. Also, the patients with silent ischemia, heart failure, ischemic cardiomiopathy or arrhythmias because of coronary artery disease were not included in the analysis, as well as the patients from the control group (formed usually by healthy subjects), who were not screened for silent ischemia. Aim: the aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and the severity of depression in the patients with ischemic heart disease and to check if there are some differences of the depression rate between the forms of ischemic cardiopathy. Method: the study was conducted on 231 patients with ischemic heart disease recently diagnosed. Depression was screened using the PHQ questionnaire with 2 items. This questionnaire was applied at the inclusion into the study and at intervals of 1 month. The presence of depression was confirmed by the psychiatrist. A comparison between the prevalence of depression was done by the forms of ischemic cardiopathy and by gender. Results: at the end of the study, depression was diagnosed in 33,8% of the patients (n=81). This was more frequently encountered in the patients with myocardial infarction (43,1%) and in the patients with ischemic cardiomiopathy (42,9%) and less in the patients with silent ischemia (21,7%) and stable angina (27,1%). Depression was more frequent in women but this appeared earlier in men (8,09± 5,65 month vs 5,59±4,87 month, p=0,03), who also presented more severe depression in comparison with women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Child Symptom Inventory-4 (CSI-4; Gadow, Sprafkin, 2002) is a screening instrument that screens for cognitive, emotional and behavioural symptoms of a number of psychiatric disorders in children. CSI-4 has two checklists: one for teachers and one for parents. Each disorder is rated using a scale. A Screening Cutoff score is calculated for each scale; a score of "yes" indicates a risk of the respective disorder, while a score of "no" indicates no risk. In this study we intended to be able to predict the presence of the posttraumatic stress disorder and separation anxiety disorder with a probability higher than 0.50, based on the Screening Cutoff scores of some pairs or triplets of CSI-4 scales. The sample we used consisted of 1165 children between 7 and 12 years old. 17 children had been diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder, and 31 children had been diagnosed with separation anxiety disorder. We found that, in the case of the CSI-4 Teacher Checklist, the probability of the presence of the posttraumatic stress disorder is higher than 0.50 if the following three conditions are met: (1) the Screening Cutoff score of the Posttraumatic stress disorder scale is "yes"; (2) the Screening Cutoff score of the Major depressive disorder scale is "yes"; and (3) the Screening Cutoff score of the Oppositional defiant disorder scale or/and the Generalized anxiety disorder scale is "no". When the Screening Cutoff score of the Separation anxiety disorder scale is "yes", and the Screening Cutoff score of one of the Generalized anxiety disorder, Posttraumatic stress disorder, Major depressive disorder, Dysthymic disorder or Specific phobia scales is "yes", the probability of the presence of the separation anxiety disorder is higher than 0.50. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Occupational noise is directly related to decreased work ability, and non-specific pathology induced by prolonged exposure continues to be a topical issue in the scientific debate. This paper deals with noise from the psycho-physiological hazard perspective, using as assessment tool a symptoms questionnaire with 24 items in a case-control study (N = 100). The results show statistical significance for 10 items (of which 5 items at p<0.01), especially for lower work ability, poor memory, fatigue and depression. Subjects exposed to noise are 1.6 times higher risk to develop nonspecific effects, often neglected in favour of effects on the auditory analyzer. We propose this questionnaire to be applied routinely by occupational health services in order to manage the workers' health, along with other means of workplace health promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Quality of Life (1018-0389) / Calitatea Vietii is the property of Romanian Academy Publishing House / Editura Academiei Romane and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aims. This study aims to evaluate the number of life events, depressive symptoms and perceived stress levels, self-reported by adolescents living with both parents as compared to those who are living either with one or none of the parents. Participants and methods. This study was developed within the FP7 project Saving and Empowering Young Lives in Europe (SEYLE). 1143 Romanian adolescents, 14-16 years old, from randomly selected schools in the counties of Cluj and Maramureş were included. Questions regarding living conditions (living with mother and/or father), the depressive symptoms (including the Beck Depression Inventory), the perception of stress (how often they feel stressed and if they felt that they could not cope with problems during the last two weeks) and an inventory of life events were selected from the SEYLE baseline questionnaire. Results. Adolescents who were not living with both parents showed a significantly higher depressive symptomatology than those who were living with both parents. The frequency of the depressive syndrome was significantly higher in girls who were not living with both parents. Teenage girls had significantly more difficulties in interpersonal relationships than teenage boys. Conclusions. Life events, especially those regarding interpersonal relationships, are a risk factor for developing depressive symptoms. This relationship was stronger for adolescents who are not living with both parents. The absence of at least one parent from the adolescent's household represents a risk factor for developing depressive symptoms and even a depressive syndrome, especially in girls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Physical Therapy / Revista Romana de Kinetoterapie is the property of University of Oradea Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy in ameliorating depression and slowing cognitive decline in patients with different types of dementia. We used an controlled analitical experimental study. The studied group consisted of 60 cases of both genders, aged over 52 years, with diagnosis of different types of demetia and instituionalised. The group was randomly allocated to two groups, each of 30 cases. The subjects from the first group received standard procedeeings of treatment and those from the second group underwent cognitive-behavioral therapy. It has been prooved statistically the efficacy of cognitive behavioral-therapy in ameliorating depression and slowing the cognitive decline for dementia patients [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease which is characterized by motor and nonmotor symptoms. The nonmotor symptoms are a key part of the clinical spectrum of PD. Nonmotor symptoms can occur in any stage of the disease. There is a group of symptoms that occur early, before motor symptoms are noticed. These represent the premotor symptoms. Premotor symptoms in PD include constipation, loss of smell, depression, REM sleep behavior disorder and other less well documented ones. This article aims to present the premotor symptoms both clinically and pathologically. We will highlight the neuroanatomical basis of their occurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psycho-social factors represent the part of complex functional handicap in different chronic diseases. The goal of the study was to assess how the patients differ from healthy women in depression and quality of life and how mutually interrelate the defects in functions, depression, and quality of life in patients with the breast cancer diagnosis. The group of 35 patients with breast cancer was compared to equivalent group of 35 healthy women. The defects in functions issued from International classification of functions, disabilities and health of WHO were assessed. Specific questionnaires ICF for patients and medical workers, quality of life (SF-36), and depression were used. A statistically significant difference was showed in depression level, as well as in all dimensions of SF-36 between the group of women with breast cancer and the control group. A negative significant relation of the depression score to summary mental subscale SF-36 was assessed as well as the relation of ICF domains of defects in body functions and restrictions on activity and participation and the quality of life SF-36 in surveyed group. These results should be taken in the concept of comprehensive rehabilitation and psychological interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Czech version of STDI involves 20 items, 10 items measure Depression - State (S-Dep), and 10 items measure Depression - Trait (T-Dep). Both scales involve 5 items measuring absence of depression, Euthymia, and 5 items measuring presence of depression, Dysthymia. Each item was translated several times, and backward translated to English. The author of the original STDI selected 61 backward translated items that semantically correspond to the tested constructs. These items were administered to 268 secondary school and university students (172 female, 96 male). The factor analysis has shown two factors of state and trait for both Dysthymia and Euthymia. The Czech version of STDI corresponds to 3 criteria: 1) Items are not visibly similar. 2) Each item of the Czech STDI corresponds to exactly one item of the original STDI . 3) Factors including items that fulfill criteria 1) and 2) and reach the highest Cronbach's A lpha levels have been chosen for Czech version STDI . The Alpha of S-Dep is 0.84, for T-Dep is 0.86. A concurrent validity is approximately the same as in the original STDI . The Czech version of STDI is available for research purposes only. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute and chronic stress have a negative impact on health (in general) and mental health (in particular). The stress/vulnerability binomial initiates the etiopathogenetic cascade stress ↔ impairments ↔ agings ↔ polypathology. Stress genomics demonstrates the importance of vulnerability concept in anxiety and depression disorders in young people. Serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4), glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1), IL-6 (Interleukin-6) gene, dopamine receptor gene (DRD4), monoamine oxidase A enzyme (MAO-A) gene can cause vulnerability or resistance to distress. Therefore, genomics and stress medicine hold an essential role in public health, mental health, healthy human medicine, in primary prophylaxis of mental disorders, family medicine and personalized medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The communication disorders represent some of the biggest difficulties found at the schoolaged children. The verbal communication with the others represents an important ability, and the involuntary experiment of a deficit regarding this ability would have as effect the growth of the fear to speak. The various researches concerning the stuttering were dealing the relationship between the stuttering and the anxiety. The stuttering is often associated with strong emotional reactions, such as anxiety, magnified by negative consequences of the difficulty to speak correctly. The negative feelings experienced by the child lead to a low self conception, and could go even to depression. The aim of the study is the evaluation of the anxiety and depression at the stuttered children; the reduction of the anxious/depressed symptoms by a psychological specialist intervention. Material and method: The study group includes 15 children, with age between 8 and 16 years, from Cluj-Napoca, diagnosed with stuttering. They were applied with the scales MASC (Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children) and CDI (Child Depression Inventory), both at the introduction in the study and at its end. The psychological intervention consisted of 10 group meetings, and the psychodrama and cognitive-behavioural techniques were used during those meetings. Results: at the scale of anxiety there was noticed a significant decrease on the most subscales, at the scale of depression there was noticed a significant decrease on certain subscales at a passage of significance p <0.05. For analysis, the information was introduced in the statistic program SPSS 16.0. Conclusions: the intervention made reduced partly both the stuttering child's anxiety and the depressive symptoms. At the studied sample, the depressive symptoms are present in a less way then the anxious symptoms. The group therapy is favourable for reducing the emotional difficulties face by the stuttering child. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The prevalence of depression in chronic hemodialysis, prevalence of insomnia, correlations of depression with sex, age, number of years of hemodialysis, quality of life-SF 36. Methods: We used Pi sburgh questionnaire, Beck questionnaire two times, one at the beginning of the year, and one at the end for 102 patients who were undergoing chronic hemodialysis in "St Joan" Emergency Hospital, Bucharest and SF 36 questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of insomnia was 65%, of mild depression 42% at the evaluation. We've noticed lack of positive linear correlation between depression, age, sex, years of hemodialysis, or quality of life. From the medical point of view there is an in? uence of depression on quality of life, but without a linear correlation. Conclusion: A high prevalence of insomnia, or mild depression, lack of positive correlation between the variables studied. It is not clear if depression has a direct causal role in the negative evolution of patients or depression represents a marker of comorbidities or indicator of severity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although multiple studies have assessed symptoms of anxiety and depression in young individuals with varioussomatic diseases, less studied is the prevalence of self-reported depression and anxiety in young adult population,apparently healthy. Objectives: 1. To assess the relationship between emotional distress (stress, anxiety and depression) and cortisollevels in the period of acute stress 2. To investigate perceived stress, depression and anxiety, in a sample ofmedical students which will be followed up at one year. 3. To see if there are correlations between the instrumentsof measuring perceived stress and self-rating scales of anxiety and depression. Methods and participants: 28 young healthy adults, medical students were given questionnaires on stress,anxiety and depression and were assessed salivary cortizol levels in conditions of academic stress. The scalesused for the assessment of stress, anxiety and depression were Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Zung self ratinganxiety scale (ZSAS) and Zung self rating depression scale (ZSDS), respectively. Results: 46,42% of the subjects showed higher perceived stress. 75% of the students had obtained scores that suggest an anxiety pathology, with a higher frequency in female students. A higher frequency of depression and perceived stress was observed in male students rather than female students. We have found highly significant correlations (significance = <0,001) between perceived stress, anxiety and depression. Higher absolute values of salivary cortisol have correlated significantly with scores in PSS, only in male subjects. Conclusions: This preliminary data show that young adults, medical students may show high levels of emotional distress (perceived stress, anxiety and depression), observed in cortisol levels, în male subjects. It is recommended the medical faculty should focus on the importance of prevention and intervention of stress amongst first years students in order to prevent subsequent anxiety and depression onset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this study in manic patients was to assess the level of emotional intensity triggered by pictures with different valences. Method. We compared 40 manic patients with 40 matched healthy control subjects. Arousal and attribution of valence were assessed while subjects viewed pictures taken from the International Affective Picture System. Results. Manic patients reported a higher arousal in front of all types of pictures in comparison to healthy control subjects. Attribution of valence was the same in the two groups for positive and negative pictures, but manic patients assessed neutral pictures as more pleasant. Conclusion. Manic patients report a higher intensity of emotions in front of pictures, whatever the valence of the emotional stimuli. This suggests that manic episodes are defined by an emotional hyper-reactivity in addition to the elevated and expansive euphoric mood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting from the idea of stress predisposed personality, the present article intends to investigate the level of stress on 104 technical students. Internal factors as those from the Big Five conscientiousness factors were related to psychological stress. The results reveal that for the analysed group, the personality characteristics in association with the perceived stress are related to: introversion, imaturity, reduced conscientiousness, emphatic relationships in the case of people without affective avialability and preocupation for intelectual refinement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pathological gambling is characterized by the failure to resist the impulse to gamble despite the personal, family or vocational consequences. The history of the illness was divided into four stages: winning, losing, desperation and hopelessness. Frequently the clinical features are complicated with suicide attempts, either as comorbidity with depression or as "the only way out".When a depressive episode is concurrently diagnosed, the therapy of choice is represented by the SSRIs that would control both the mood symptoms and the impulsivity that characterizes this pathology. The case presented below is that of a 23 years old patient diagnosed with pathological gambling who described at his admission in our service the symptoms of a moderate depressive episode with suicidal ideas. The Sertraline therapy improved the patient's mood, but also had an effect of "craving" stimulation, imposing the association of valproic acid salts in order to control the main disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The possibility of a cerebral effect of HCV has been investigated by different methods. In this study we proposed to evaluate the depression degree, the temporal satisfaction with life, the wellness survey and the quality of life comparatively in pacients with HCV infection and chronic renal failure treated by dialysis and renal transplant. We used the following questionnaires: Beck depression inventory (BDI), Perceived Wellness Survey (PWS), Temporal Satisfaction With Life (TSWLS) and Short-form 36 Healt Survey (SF-36). Although presented in both groups, the depression was higher in dialysis pacients. The wellness survey, as reflects of daily activity, was mild in both groups. Life satisfaction was superior in renal transplant pacients. The quality of life was moderate in both groups, better in renal transplant recipients. In conclusion, HCV infection may affect the cerebral functions in pacients with chronic renal failure, especially in those treated by dialysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The possibility of a cerebral effect of HCV has been investigated by different methods. In this study we proposed to evaluate the depression degree, the temporal satisfaction with life, the wellness survey and the quality of life comparatively, in pacients with HCV infection and chronic renal failure treated by dialysis and renal transplant. We used the following questionnaires: Beck depression inventory (BDI), Perceived Wellness Survey (PWS), Temporal Satisfaction With Life (TSWLS) and Short-form 36 Healt Survey (SF-36). Although presented in both groups, the depression was higher in dialysis pacients. The wellness survey, as reflects of daily activity, was mild in both groups. Life satisfaction was superior in renal transplant pacients. The quality of life was moderate in both groups, better in renal transplant recipients. In conclusion, HCV infection may affect the cerebral functions in pacients with chronic renal failure, especially in those treated by dialysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychological adaptative reactions to disease can play a major part in the clinical course of heart failure patients. Objective. We studied the aditional effect of depression on the quality of life and clinical course of patients with acutely decompensated heart failure. Methods. We studied 150 patients admitted with acutely decompensated heart failure. The New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class, ejection fraction (EF) assessed by echocardiography, 6-minute walk test (6MWT), depression score and quality of life (QOL) score were assessed at hospital admission, discharge and follow-up visits at 3, 6 and 12 months. Results. The EF in the 150 patients study group was low (30.8 ± 9,2 %) at admission, with an average increase of 5% (p=0,052 - marginally significant) at 6 months and of 10% (p < 0,01) at 12 months in 118 pts (78%). Depression was present in 52,6% of the 150 patients; 38% of them had moderate or severe depression. Moderate or severe depression was found in 87,2% of the 55 patients who had at least one decompensation of the heart failure. QOL of heart failure patients correlates negatively with the severity of depression (r=0,67 , p=0,009). Treatment improves QOL in all patients, with statistical significance in all except severe depression patients. Exercise tolerance assessed by 6MWT was significantly improved in patients with moderate (p < 0,01) and mild (p < 0,001) depression. Treatment didn't significantly improve exercise tolerance in patients with severe depression, although 73% of them were in NYHA II and III functional classes. Conclusion. Depression severity has a detrimental effect on the rehabilitation of heart failure patients. Patients with heart failure and severe depression have an unfavourable clinical course and multiple hospital admissions. The QOL and exercise tolerance are reduced in these patients and don't increase significantly under treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]