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Menopause and the associated symptoms are a continuing challenge for a more specific therapy that presents a good benefit-risk ratio. Hormone replacement therapy remains the first treatment option, despite its present risks. It is very important to individualize the therapy, depending on age, the characteristics of the symptoms and the patient's history. Another important aspect is the choice of the most suitable pharmaceutical form for the patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetes mellitus is a more and more frequent chronic condition, with long-term complications generating significant morbidity and mortality. Different types of insulinotherapy regimen are used for type 1 diabetes mellitus. For type 2 diabetes mellitus, there are a lot of therapeutic options, which often combine each other; eventually, for many diabetic type 2 patients, insulin is also added. Healthy eating, weight control, increased physical activity and diabetes education are cornerstones in every diabetes therapeutic approach. Pharmacist should possess knowledge about diabetes mellitus progression and complications and also knowledge about antidiabetics, in order to counsel antidiabetics use and promote good adherence to treatment among diabetic patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The release of hepatic glucose into circulation is essential for brain functions, but also for mantaining the organism homeostasy during fasting. Glucose levels are regulated through quite well-known hormonal mechanisms, still it was recently discovered a new hormone involved in the glycemia control, asprosin. This biomolecule is produced by the adipose tissue and is found in nanomolar levels. Also, modern technology allowed for another discovery, an enzyme that modulates lipid and glucose metabolism, glycerol 3-phosphate phosphatase (G3PP). It directly hydrolizes glycerol 3-phosphate into glycerol. Recent publications reported correlations between this enzyme and glycolisis, ATP production, gluconeogenesis and fattyacids oxidation in hepatocytes and pancreatic β-cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]