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The paper has as a main objective the comparison between the performances of a subject under the therapy of the verbal language, the performances expressed by her results at two tests, the ‘Draw-a-Man’ test in Jacqueline Royer’s approach and the ‘Star-Wave’ test created by Ursula Avé-Lallemant.The discussion on the results has demonstrated the validity of these tests in the displaying of the progress, as well as their complementarity in what concerns certain psychological aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recurrence after postinicizsional hernia surgery is an unsolved problem so far. In literature the hernia reccurence varies between 1% and 50%, influenced by the postoperative follow-up period. The purpose of this paper is to describe the term „complex postincisional hernia”. It becomes necessary to clarify the term and make a classification in order to be able to apply a surgical treatment adapted to the patient's plurifactorial pathology and to allow comparison of the results between the different surgical methods. This paper is a review of the literature on this subject, obtained through the use of EPOS, NCBI, PubMed, MedLine, Embase and other international databases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

No other man in history has influenced his era as decisively as Napoleon Bonaparte did. His life was that of an exceptionally gifted man, who knew how to make the most of all the opportunities offered by history. In this paper, we will approach the problem of dentistry, during the period when France was managed by the exceptional statesman, Napoleon Bonaparte, presenting in the second part of this material, the biographies of some personalities of French dentistry from that period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electronic databases used in dentistry are mainly found in electronic medical records held by dentists. Paper is still used in most clinics and institutions, but, with the digital revolution, it will be gradually replaced by electronic methods of storing information. There is, on the other hand, an unexploited part of electronic health records: they can be used in epidemiology studies, for the creation of decision support systems and in a new branch of medicine, in teledentistry. This paper presents, in short, the different possibilities of using medical databases in different contexts and proposes a modern aproach of solving the problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mini-screws have brought new perspectives on the prognosis of the orthodontic treatment due to their ability to provide maximum anchorage and minimum compliance from the patient. Biomaterials used for mini-implant manufacturing are stainless steel, chrome-cobalt alloy, commercially pure titanium and grade 5 titanium alloy. These materials influence the type of cellular response in the host tissue, the stability of the device and, finally, the clinical success. Recent research has met the need for clinicians to enhance the stability of these devices through a series of changes to the surface which is in direct contact with bone. This paper aims to analyze the methods used as a surface treatment for orthodontic mini-implants and to evaluate their influence on the stability of these devices. This paper is a synthesis of existing data in the literature, based on inclusion in the analysis of full-text scientific articles relevant for the chosen topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The SARS-CoV-2 virus has generated an unprecedented pandemic worldwide for the past 100 years. The healthcare systems have been profoundly challenged by the COVID-19 pandemic; also, tendencies of socio-economic and cultural changes have been observed during this period. One of the professions most affected by this pandemic is dentistry. For dental professionals, the explosion of information available online and through social networks sometimes generates uncertainty and identifying relevant scientific studies and guidelines, which allow the best decisions to be made in the professional activity, can be difficult. The moral obligation of all healthcare providers to care for their patients with the guiding principle of "primum non nocere" is very well known. In this context, national and international guidelines have been developed by accredited professional boards, to correctly inform dental professionals. The purpose of this paper is to identify and highlight the most relevant ethical and safety issues in Romania, which can be applied with confidence during the COVID-19 pandemic, but also in the future, to properly carry out our professional activity and show respect to our patients and to ourselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Dental impactation is a dental eruption abnormality in which the tooth cannot erupt due to the influence of loco-regional, general and genetic factors. Maxillary canines can often remain impacted and can cause migration or pathological root resorbtion of adjacent teeth, dentigerous cyst formation, shortening the length of the dental arch, which requires the intervention of surgical-orthodontic treatment. Objective. In this paper we presented the orthodontic treatment performed for the correction of the eruption axis of an impacted maxillary canine, which has determined the malocclusion of the lateral incisor and the risk of its pathological root resorbtion. Discussion. After 34 months of orthodontic treatment, the alignment of 23 and 22 was obtained, a relatively balanced occlusion (considering that the patient refused to apply the fixed orthodontic device to the mandibular arch), the orthodontic dental movement being evaluated by repeated radiological examinations at an interval of 10-12 months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teratological spondylolysis is a pathological entity noted for the first time in the speciality literature by Gh. Burnei in „The Spine Journal“ on September 25th 2014. This disease was described in a short presentation of the fi rst case treated by the author. The aim of this paper is to expose in a didactic manner the main characteristic aspects of Burnei's disease: embryological, clinical, imaging and treatment data and also to make this pathological entity with all its pathognomonic diagnostic elements known. This paper is based on daata obtained after analysing 2 cases of teratological spondylolysis: a 18 years old patient with triple L3-L5 teratological spondylolysis with Pang 1 spinal dysraphism and a 1 year old child with teratological spondylolysis and retrospondylolisthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Removing the caries risk factors from a particular community (population) is needed for choosing necessary preventive measures, specially designed to decrease the level of the disease in that community. Material and method. This study was conducted on a group of 46 students from two Bucharest schools. Caries diagnosis was made using ICDAS system, DMF-T score being calculated as well. Risk factors analyzed in this paper were cariogenic diet, lack of fluoridation programs and social gradient, data being collected using a specially designed questionnaire made with a contribution of a sociologist. Results. DMF-T score for the entire group was 1.5 ± 1.97. The absence of fluoridation programs was the most prevalent risk factor analyzed in this paper, even it was insufficiently evaluated. Conclusions. This research evaluated three caries risk factors using a specially designed questionnaire which provided a score and a range values for each of them, data which will be used for further investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper was to find correlations between clinico-pathological parameters and survival and tumor recurrence indices with the purpose of improving treatment results and asses better the prognosis of the patients with rectal cancer. The study included 69 patients with rectal cancer in stages I-III according to the AJCC classification (8th edition), who didn't undergo neoadjuvant treatment and were operated (curative surgery) in the General Department of the Emergency Clinical Hospital Bucharest in a period of 2 years, 01.01.2016 - 31.12.2017. Our statistical analysis showed significant correlations between the quality of the mesorectum and tumor localization, type of surgery or overall survival. Also, we registered important associations between the N stage from TNM classification and tumor grading or lymphovascular invasion. In conclusion, we can say that these correlations observed in our study between clinico-pathological and prognostic parameters in patients with rectal cancer are useful in the treatment and for determining the outcome of these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When opting for an orthodontic treatment, several factors must be considered in order to achieve excellent results. One of the most important factor, for the practitioner and also for the patient, is the duration of the treatment. Aim. In this paper, the aim is to highlight representative factors that influence the duration of orthodontic treatment. Material and method. We performed a retrospective study on 154 clinical cases within the Department of Orthodontics and Dento-facial Orthopedy at the Faculty of Dentistry from Cluj-Napoca and Tg. Mures. The duration of treatment of these patients was calculated excluding the containment stage, focusing only on the factors themselves. Results. The longest therapy time resulted in patients aged 9-12 years (an average of 34.5 months), in those having a class II subdivision 1 malocclusion (an average of 30.6 months), and for extractional treatments (27 months, comparing with 23 months in non-extractional treatments). Conclusion. The longest duration is found in the extractional treatment of Angle class II subdivision 1 patients. On the other hand, the use of temporary anchorage devices (TAD) reduces the duration of the orthodontic treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims. The aim of this paper was to assess the occlusal characteristics of a sample of patients with temporo-mandibular dysfunction. Materials and methods. 40 patients were included in this study, divided into two groups: in the first group, 20 patients were recruited from a private clinic in Cluj-Napoca all of them being diagnosed with temporo-mandibular dysfunction (TMD); the second group - the control group - included 20 subjects, chosen randomly, in the Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry. The inclusion criteria for the first group were: patients with TMD signs and symptoms, no history of trauma, no other organic sources of pain, no associated neuro-muscular diseases. The inclusion criteria for the control group were: clinically healthy patients, no history of trauma, no general history of disease with interest in the structures of the dento-maxillary apparatus, no orthognathic surgery and no ongoing orthodontic or prosthodontic treatment. Patients were examined clinically and the data obtained were statistically analyzed. Results. Statistical analysis revealed several significant results, such as the fact that subjects with TMDs had more frequent muscle pain (p = 0.018) and joint pain (p = 0.004). Also, for patients suffering from disc displacements without reduction, the presence of passive interference in protrusion was observed more often (p = 0.049), and for those with disc displacements with reduction, passive interference in laterality was more frequent (p = 0.010). Discussion. In the present study, interferences in maximum intercuspation (MI) and passive interferences in protrusion were found more frequently in the group of subjects with TMDs, which is consistent with the results in the literature. For subjects with disc displacements, significant differences were found between those disc displacements with reduction and, respectively, without reduction, regarding the passive interference in laterality and passive interference in protrusion, which may be due to the change of position of the articular disc and the trajectory of condylar movement during performing mandibular movements. Conclusions. No correlation has been shown between a certain type of occlusal dysfunction and a certain symptom of temporo-mandibular dysfunction. There are subjects who have occlusal dysfunctions without showing dysfunctional symptoms. Malocclusions may be correlated with dysfunctional signs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims. The paper assessed the degree to which pupils of a primary and middle school from Piteşti (Romania) had benefited from occlusal sealing before a prevention program and the results obtained after implementing the program. Material and method. A cross-sectional clinical study was performed: the first stage consisted of recording the occlusal status of first permanent molars (FPM) (sound occlusal surface / cavity carious lesion / presence of the sealants) and a training on correct oral hygiene was performed. During the second stage (T2), the occlusal surfaces of FPM were sealed with Voco Fissurit FX (FFX), and during the third stage (T3) a clinical assessment of all sealants was performed, from the point of view of retention and possible occurrence of caries in case the sealant is lost. The data were processed with IBM SPSS Statistics 23. Results. Out of the 748 FPM (99.46% of all possible) present during the initial check (T1) of the 188 pupils included in the study (mean age: 8 years 10 months + 1 year 2 months), 185 (24.73%) of them had occlusal caries, and on 75 (10.02%) of them the sealants were present. During stage T2, 146 children (77.65%) from the initial lot benefited from occlusal sealants of 434 FPM with FFX. During the stage T3 assessment, the total retention rate (TRR) of sealants existing during T1 was of 90.66% and 0% caries, and for FFX sealants, it was of 94.23%, 0.69% respectively. Conclusions. Only one tenth of FPM had benefited, before the study, of occlusal sealants and, by the end of the study, 63.77% FPM were sealed. The high TRR and the extremely low risk of caries in case the sealant is lost encourages us to continue the prevention program started. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Urinary infection in infants is a disease whose incidence has grown, in the past couple of years. The most important aspects for the primary medicine practitioner are prophilaxy and precocious diagnosis of the urinary tract infection, as well as preventing long term effects and recurrent infections, by identifying risk factors. Purpose. The present paper has proven that there is a link between the onset of urinary tract infection and prolonged use (over 4h) of paper diapers (a new risk factor, identified in clinical practice, due to the society's tendency to facilitate caregiving techniques for child nurturing). Objectives. To demonstrate that disposable paper diapers have a role in the etiology of urinary infection in small infants and identifying a time period which does not constitute a risk for the baby. Material & methods. I've conceived a case-control study, retrospective, epidemiological and analytical to see if there is a link between using the same diaper, for a period of over 4 hours & the onset of tract urinary infection in infants. In designing the research, I've used a work protocol, observation sheet analysis for babies, born between the periods of 01.01.1992 - 31.12.1993 (control group) and 01.01.2007 - 31.12.2008 (study group), which were as [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare and multidisciplinary disease, with increasing medical interest. It is an important cause of both heart failure (HP), difficult to control, and maternal mortality. The present paper analyzes the PPCM diagnostic criteria, the necessary clinical and exploration elements, the short or long term disease evolution, and current treatment options -- both pharmacological and interventional -for HP control. Herefore, the paper underlines: systolic dysfunction as central factor of HP; the role of echocardiography in the diagnosis and monitoring of disease; difficulties of differential diagnosis with other HP etiopathogenic types by onset systolic dysfunction; less predictable developments in PPCM, with the possibility of complete functional recovery, but also to progressive heart failure and death; new researched therapeutical possibilities of HC, i.g.: bromocriptine, imunoglobulines iv, cardiac resynchronization and heart transplant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current paper presents în detail the defining elements of the etiopathogeny and surgical treatment of the trigger finger. The objective of the study is to identify the particular elements that can influence the post-operative prognosis, as well as to determine the impact they have on the recovery period and the professional integration of patients. The research was based on data obtained from 52 patients who received treatment in 2015-2019. The results of the study show that the surgical treatment of the trigger finger performed by transverse incision at the level of the distal palmar fold with local anesthesia is associated with a very good result from a functional point of view, a low rate of postoperative complications and favorable aesthetic appearance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Restoring of the fully edentulous patients remains one of the great challenges for the dental practitioners, who seek solutions for continuous improvement of the prosthetic methods, starting from understanding the differences between the support offered by the root and the implant to the prosthetic restoration. At the moment, there are many types and systems that improve the connection between the base of the prosthesis and the implant, but the information în the literature regarding their performance îs insufficient. The paper presents a synthesis of the information from the specialized literature regarding the use and the performance of special systems used with overdentures on implants aş well aş the results of a study performed on a sample of 25 patients with parţial and total edentation provisionally prosthetic loaded and tested for a period of 30-45 days. În the clinical cases taken în treatment the method with adjustable simulator and facial arch (7 cases), the method with average simulator (10 clinical cases) and the simple simulator method (8 clinical cases) were used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevalence of cesarean surgery has been alarming over the past three decades. In Romania, the rate of cesarean surgery has increased dramatically since 1990. This increase in the percentage of cesarean surgeries was not only achieved in Romania, but also globally. The paper presents a comparison of the reasons for carrying out C-section births in Romania and the reasons in the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper brings forward some of many achievements of women scientists in the 20th and 21st century medicine. Their essential contributions changed the medical specialities to the present day. The first and perhaps best known laureate is Marie Sklodowska-Curie, who is also the only scientist to win two Nobel Prizes in two different sciences. In total, there were twelve women honored with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Some of them also showed interest in other fields, like ethics. The most remarcable traits of these female Nobel laureates were ambition, open-mindedness and patience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After 30 years, Prof. Dr. Al. Obregia Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry (AO.CHP), Bucharest taken again the tradition of annual conferences. In this way, between 22 and 24 November 2018 carried on at Bucharest the National Conference with International Participation: Modern Assistance in Psychiatry and Neurosciences - AO CHP: 95 years of tradition and excellence. This scientific meeting included 4 workshops, 11 sessions (1 plenary and 10 thematic), 73 specialized papers, over 400 participants, physicians and researchers, psychologists and sociologists, medical and social assistants, academicians and all university degrees. Threefold restitution of hospital founder - Al. Obregia-psychiatry was realized in 1998, after 75 years from the institution establishment. 3 Academies have continued the restitution, from 2009 until now (2018): Academy of Romanian Scientists, Deutsch-Rumänische Akademie Baden-Baden e.V., Germany, American-Romanian Academy. Sacramento, California (CA), USA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) is a disorder of unknown aetiology, which occurs more frequently in children. It starts acutely and leads to renal failure, acute microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, frequently associated with thrombocytopenia, hemorrhagic and neurological symptoms. The present paper analyzes the HUS cases hospitalized during 1972-2003 in the paediatric clinics Alfred Rusescu, Fundeni and Grigore Alexandrescu. A number of 48 children cases were included in our study, with ages varying from 28 days to 15 years; 23 female and 25 male; 14 of urban background, 34 of rural background; 34 survived, while 14 died. Our paper substantiates the clinical picture of the haemolytic-uraemic syndrome, characterized by haematological, renal and neurological signs and symptoms. The main laboratory anomalies are those reflecting the haemolytic anaemia, the thrombocytopenia, and the kidney injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we present the complex personality of the physician-poet, writer and historian, Acad. Gh. Marinescu- Dinizvor. With its biography, full of hippocratic charge, we recognize a true "silver-free doctor", given to his profession, clinician and scientific researcher (in bacteriology, virology, infectious diseases, etc.). He was rewarded with numerous academic titles and awards, of which "magnificent choice" as a correspondent member of the French National Academy of Medicine (Paris, December 13, 1977). Five years earlier (1972), he was elected member of the Academy of Sciences, Letters and Fine Arts in Besançon (France), where he presented the communication "Victor Hugo in the view of a Romanian physician" on the occasion of the reception speech. George Dinizvor left in the Golden Book of Romanian literature, a single volume of lyrics, "PURUREA" (in 86 songs), Ed. Junimea, Iaşi, 1980, through which the scholar and the man of culture "committed an act of piety lyrical-epic". Another part of his personality was the passion for music, being the author and composer of "Hymn for Health" performed by the orchestra of physicians on stage of the Romanian Athenaeum, soloist Pompei Hărăşteanu (April 1982), hymn sung in the same year at the opening of the International Congress of infectious diseases in Stockholm, Sweden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The doctors enter in politics for the national interest, and the advantage is that by forming themself have the own consciousness community, one understanding science culture . Doctor Elena Alistar was the woman who managed to impose on the political scene of Bassarabia when it was difficult for a woman to do school and become a politician. She founded the Cultural League of women in Bassarabia, was deputy in the parliament St. Country of Bassarabia, contributing to the Great Union. Elena Alistar was the person who sat the tricolor scarf on the chest of Ion Inculet,the elected president of Saint Country. Doctor Daniel Ciugureanu was the personality that has contributed substantially to the Great Union, he was prime minister of Democratic Republic Moldova, deputy of Saint Country, president of Council of Ministers, he asked officially for help to the Romanian army and was part of the delegation that bring the unification paper of Bassarabia with Romania in Iaşi and he was also vice chairman of the Senate of Great Romania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aesthetic requirements and expectations of patients have increased greatly in the current social context, which has attracted increasing challenges in the clinical work of prosthodontic specialists. Thus, the predictability of the results of most types of prosthodontic restorations has become absolutely necessary to meet patients' demands, and digital aesthetic prefiguration is a useful and necessary tool. In this context, the paper presents the case of a 55-year-old patient, partially edentulous in the maxillary, rehabilitated by a 13-year-old metal-ceramic bridge. The patient was referred for the reconstruction of the maxillary bridge, which was no longer responding to the aesthetic demands. After a thorough clinical examination, the treatment plan was established and the old bridge was replaced by classical technique. The result was accepted by the patient, who appreciated it as excellent, aesthetically and functionally. To determine to what extent a digital application can bring an aesthetic value to classical coronary restoration techniques, we have used one of the newest and most advanced techniques of digital aesthetic prefiguration, the Visagism application, which has proposed an ideal look of the teeth, also taking into account the patient's temperament, the result of the computer simulation being discussed with the patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The obstruction of nasal passages determines the disturbance of the function of normal breathing, once the oral breathing is settled. The aim of the present paper is to bring a contribution to the analysis of the prevalence of oral breathing in the etiology of Angle Class II/1 malocclusion. 1,735 children aged 6 to 14/15 from the area of Craiova were part of the present study. The research has revealed a prevalence of 7,24% in the urban area and 6,47% in the rural one. The result is that, once the oral breathing is permanently settled, there may appear disorders in the cranio-facial development, sometimes leading to the appearance of Angle Class II/1 malocclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mandibular foramen (MF) is the place for the inferior alveolar nerve anaesthesia. Knowledge of the anatomical landmarks for its location and of the variations regarding its topography is important for the successful treatments of the mandibular teeth. An analysis of 57 summaries of scientific papers and 41 in extenso articles, using ISI Thomson Web of Knowledge, PubMed and MedLine databases, and additionally, a search in 5 anatomy books were performed. The results showed similarities among most of the accessed studies, but also differences. The most frequent variations concerning the MF position were in relation to the vertical plane. According to most authors, the MF is located in the posterior middle third of the anterior-posterior plane of the mandibular ramus. A precise location of the MF provides therapeutic safety and lack of complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eustress concept was less used by researches at the end of XX century and really has disapeared from glossaires of books of Psychosomatics, Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine. Fortunately, some authors have renewed last years this concept adding other nuances and original peculiarities benefical for physical and mental health. This paper exemplifies, among these contributions, the strong relation of eustress with immunogenic traits (as self efficiency) and Flow concept, and some humoral markers of eustress (serotonine, oxytocine, endorphines, interferon gamma etc.). Own author's opinion suggests a strong link between eustress and psychological well being, and underlines the role of eustress as a main component of the new Fava‘s psychotherapy, Well Being Therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. The paper aims, thanks to the long-standing practice, to synthesize the clinical experience gained during the surgery for feeding tubes management and highlight the details we had to deal with in order to overcome the local and general difficulties. Materials and method. A retrospective study was carried out over a period of 20 years (1996-2016), on the patients who underwent surgery for placing feeding tubes in our clinic. They were analyzed: the techniques used, the long-term evolution, the complications and the incidents and the way they were solved. Results. A total of 329 patients were enrolled in the study. The surgical techniques used were: classic surgical solutions (300 cases) and percutaneous endoscopic gatrostomy (PEG, 29 cases). For classical interventions, post-operative evolution was good in 219 patients (73%) and was complicated by various accidents and incidents in 81 cases (23%). The study presents the causes that may lead to these complications, the local and general, clinical and paraclinical consequences and the correct surgical attitude, as well as particular cases that required the adaptation of the surgical techniques to local anatomical and functional polymorphism. In the long run, the jejunostomy appears to be relatively inferior to gastrostomy, in terms of tolerance and efficiency. PEG complications were minor and transient, but the reduced number of cases and the limited period of postoperative surveillance did not allow statistically significant conclusions to be drawn. Conclusions. The postoperative management of surgical feeding solutions requires permanent collaboration between surgeon, patient and outpatient nursing services at home and requires knowing and observing of a specific nursing protocol to avoid disturbing the nutrient balance of the patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Stroke is a pathological condition that generates “neurological clinical signs, global or localized, of cerebral dysfunction with symptoms that last more 24 hours, having vascular origin” and it is considered the first cause of disability at global level and the second one for mortality worldwide. Stroke can determine severe or rather permanent sequels, which need, for patients' recovery and rehabilitation, important medical support. Matherial and method. This paper presents the case of a young 39-year-old patient, hospitalized at the Neurosurgery Clinic (NS) III of TEHBA for left hemiplegia and consciousness crises, and after specific paraclinical investigations (cerebral CT, cerebral Angio- MRI) is discovered in addition to the right ischemic sylvian stroke, an intracranial expansive seller and paraseller process with extension into the left ventricular sinus (pituitary adenoma). Initially, a neurological treatment and a rehabilitation nursing was performed in the Neuro-Muscular Rehabilitation Clinic Division of SCUBA until neurological stabilization, after which, in NS III Clinic, after an endocrinological control followed by specialized treatment, transsphenoidal surgery was performed, practicing subtotal ablation of the tumor. Subsequently, in our clinic, the patient continued the rehabilitation treatment. He was evaluated functionally in dynamic using the scales: Glasgow outcome scale (GOS), Rankin scale, Functional Independence Measure (FIM), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Quality of Life (QOL) Evaluation, modified Ashworth scale, FAC International scale, instrumental/activities of daily living (ADL/IADL). During hospitalization, he presented a high-left deep vein thrombosis (DVT) episode that was confirmed by Doppler ultrasound, monitored by ultrasound re-evaluations and treated with low molecular weight heparin. Results. After DVT remission, the patient benefited from a complex neuro-muscular rehabilitation program, having a favorable evolution, with an increase in the scores of the evaluated scales and thus with a final performance of walking with a quad-point support cane, including climbing/descending stairs. Discussions and conclusions. The interdisciplinary therapeutic approach at a young patient with neuro-endocrine pathology, complicated by DVT, culminating with a specific rehabilitation program, results in neuro-locomotor improvements with an increase in patient's quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. The paper presents the role of the antibiotic treatment and of the favoring factors independent on the antibiotherapy, identified in the occurrence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in hospitalized cases in Dolj County. Material and method. Two groups of patients were analyzed: the CDI AB group (178 cases of CDI that received antibiotic treatment) and the CDI non AB group (36 CDI cases which did not receive antibiotic treatment) recorded between July 2014 and December 2016). Results. The antibiotherapy was a significant risk factor, registered at 83.2% of the cases. The classes of antibiotics associated with the onset of CDI were cephalosporins (73.5% of cases), quinolones (24.2%), penicillins (13.4%), tuberculostatics (6.1%), carbapenems (5.6%). The cases came from the general surgery sections (25.2%), pneumophtiziology (16.8%), intensive care (13.5%), neurology (12.1%), nephrology (6.1%), orthopedics (6.1%), cardiology (4.2%), plastic surgery (4.2%), urology (3.7%). CDI non AB recorded a higher percentage compared to CDI AB in the Intensive care sections (30.6% versus 10.1%). The comparative analysis of the characteristics of the patients with CDI AB and CDI non AB did not reveal significant differences linked to the age, sex, interval between admission and onset of the symptoms, recent gastrointestinal surgery or taking antacids. Conclusions. The antibiotherapy is an important risk factor for CDI, cephalosporins and quinolones being frequently-involved. Being admitted to the intensive care unit and the severity of the underlying conditions had a significant role in the appearance of CDI in patients without exposure to antibiotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. The aim of our study was to assess the current state of newborn screening (NBS) for two innate errors of metabolism, phenylketonuria (PKU) and congenital hypothyrodism (CH) in the north-west part of Romania, in Cluj regional center (CJRC), one of the five screening centres in the country, responsible for screening from 7 counties. Material and methods. The transversal descriptive study is based on data obtained from the screening of 101,739 newborns born between 2011-2015. The screening was performed for PKU and CH based on dry blood spot (DBS) collected on standardized filter paper. The concentration of phenylalanine (Phe) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in the blood was measured through a fluorometric assay. Newborns with abnormal screening results (TSH > 18 μUI/ml and Phe > 3 mg/dl) were confirmed with CH by the dosage of free thyroxine (fT4) and with PKU or hyper-phenylalaninemia (HPA) by plasma phenylalanine determination (thin-layer chromatography method coupled with densitometry video) respectively. Results. We detected 10 cases with PKU (~ 1/10.000), 6 cases with (HPA), and 10 cases with CH, all being treated and none of them developed neurologic disorders. From a total of 115,779 newborns, 101,739 were screened (87.87%) while 14,040 were not tested (12.13%). The most frequent mutation in confirmed cases was R408W. Discussions. Counties where screening program was deficient are: Maramures 4,811 (20.26%), Bihor 3,349 (11.33%) and Sibiu, with 6,537 (30.65%) not tested newborns. In Sibiu there are maternities where the screening program is not applied. Conclusions. The high number of unscreened newborns opens the possibility of un-reversible neurologic disorders. Better organization of sampling and transportation, a correct feed-back from confirmed cases and governmental financing of the genetic analysis would increase the efficiency of the program. The number of confirmed cases claims for the future development of the program with the introduction, eventually, of other rare congenital diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, virtual reality has a broad spectrum of applications in fields as diverse as architecture, sports, arts or medicine. One of the applications of virtual reality in medicine is the virtual articulator, a digital instrument that was designed as a tool for comprehensive analysis of static and dynamic occlusal relations, the purpose being to substitute the use of mechanical articulators and consequently, of the mechanical errors involved by their use. This paper is a systematic review of the literature on published studies about the functionality and application of the virtual articulators in the analysis of dental occlusion. An electronic search was conducted based on a combination of keywords, using the search engines of Pubmed/Medline and ScienceDirect. Most of the identified studies show that the reproduction of occlusal contacts using virtual articulators has superior, or at least similar, fidelity compared to the conventional techniques, both in static or dynamic manners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leonardo Da Vinci was one of the most outstanding artists of the mankind. His interest in human problems were according to the trend of the global knowledge of the Middle Age. This polyhistorism and erudition of Renaissance type has led Leonardo to the morphological sciences. Hence his interest in the anatomy of humans and animals. This paper is a review of the contributions of Leonardo Da Vinci to the progress of the knowledge on anatomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is: (1) to present the pertinent factors for obtaining an esthetic multiple-tooth implant-borne fixed superstructure in the load-bearing area and (2) to assess the prognostic value of the initial esthetic score calculation for this type of prothesis. Materials and methods: from December 2002 to March 2016 we inserted in all load-bearing areas 243 multiple-tooth implant-borne fixed superstructures. We have calculated the initial esthetic score, e g. before treatment and biased it against the final one, e.g. after treatment completion. Results: the initial esthetic score matched the final one up to a maximal 2-point deviation. Discussion: the only 91% accuracy match is probably due to several subjective paragraphs like “esthetic requirements" or “hygiene level and availability", but also due to giving up using surgical guides. Conclusions: calculation of an initial esthetic score seems to be an acceptable method for predicting the esthetic outcome for multiple-tooth implant-borne fixed superstructures in the load-bearing areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies dedicated to the process of frailty in geriatrics and gerontology, and also the attempts to individualize a new geriatrie syndrom it was a concern in the last years. The authors of this paper, having an unique experience in caring for frail elderly (one of us directly cared frail elderly patients for more than thirty years) have accumulated many observation - clinical, laboratory, nursing and prevention - opportunity for reflection based on author's opinions. The most important reflection expresses primarily the difficulty to mark off such a syndrome, to have a consensus, which is a condition to integrate a new entity. The rich semiology of elderly patients, the (multi) functional decline inspired over the years many researchers who elaborated nosological descriptions overlapped, more or less to the frailty syndrome. UNO proposed from several years a clasification of elderly in the “active elderly” and “frail elderly”. Others described the psycho-motor regression has described as “elder's multiple vulnerabilities syndrome”. Moreover, frailty is not a specific status of the elderly, but it could be interpreted rather as a “state” than a syndrome, such as bedridden condition, terminal condition, state of dependence, severe stages of dementias and so on. Despite the difficulties of defining the concept of fraqilty brings some benefit concerning the understanding of the specificity of elderly patient, the holistic approach of his problems, not least provides tools to indicate the need of preventive measures, with good effects on the longevity and the quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. Untill now, CAD/CAM technologies meant exclusively milled dental restorations. With the development of 3D Printing technologies they are penetrating in the medical field. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the application of additive technologies in dentistry. Materials and methods. On a maxillary first molar preparation two metal copings were made for fixed metal-ceramic partial restorations using additive technologies: Direct MetalLaser Sintering (DMLS) and Selective Laser Melting (SLM). Digital light processing technology (DLP) was used to produce a surgical guide for insertion of a post-extraction dental implant and also for a long-term temporary restoration. Results. Innovative additive technologies used in dental technology shows numerous advantages over classical technologies slip-casting and milling procedures for alloys and polymerization for resin materials, resulting prosthetic parts with a different internal structure, faster, with less cost, with a huge development potential. Conclusions. The benefits of using CAD/CAM technology includes reduced treatment time, superior accuracy and precise visualization of the final result of the treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic viral hepatitis is a public health issue both worldwide and in Romania, where the prevalence of the disease is still high. We present the available therapies used for chronic viral hepatitis B treatment in children, worldwide and in Romania, indications and contraindications of treatment, benefits and disadvantages for each class. The present paper reviews only the treatment options and not profilactic measures for pediatric chronic viral hepatitis B. Currently, in Romania, standard Interferon is the treatment of choice. Entecavir is the only of the nucleotidic/nucleosidic analogues which is approved for children use, but not in those weighting less than 32.6 kg. Tenofovir, Adefovir and Lamivudine are not approved for pediatric chronic viral hepatitis B. Considering the fact that the disease progression is longer when the infection occurs earlier in life, efficient treatment is important for children with chronic viral hepatitis B. The availability of more treatment options provides a chance for patients who are nonresponsive to first line therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pregnancy in adolescence is a special situation, especially among teenagers who do not benefit from family support, being at risk of not receiving adequate prenatal care during pregnancy, of having complications during pregnancy and birth for the mother and especially for the newborn. Aim. The purpose of this paper is to present the pathology and complications associated to the newborn of teenage mothers. Material and method. Retrospective study of patients hospitalized during January 2013 - December 2014, the study inclusion criteria being maternal age up to 17 years. Results. 66.67% of the newborn in the study were preterm babies and 33.33% were newborn at term. Postpartum complications were more frequent and severe in the preterm newborns versus the newborn at term group. Correlating data about pathology, gestational age and birth weight with biological age of the mother reveals that mothers aged 13-15 years gave birth mostly to premature newborn as opposed to mothers aged 16 to 17 years. Mothers of preterm newborn that had extremely low and low birth weight were aged between 13-15 years. Conclusions. Pregnancy in adolescence is associated most frequently with giving birth to preterm newborn. The lower the biological age of the mother is, the higher the risk of a premature birth, the more severe complications being associated with lower gestational age and lower birth weight of the premature baby. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infection with multidrug-resistant germs occurs in certain population at risk, usually in patients admitted in intensive care and is characterized by a high mortality. This paper presents the case of a patient with immunocompromised status witch associate a community lung infection with multiresistant gram-negative bacteria pneumonia. Fast bacteriological identification of the germs involved in lung infection allowed modification of antibiotic approach and a favorable outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Helicobacter pylori infection is the most frequent bacterian infection and the main cause of duodenal ulcerations. The prevalence in patients with cysic fibrosis is controversial. The paper present generale data about Helicobacter pylori and the particularities of this infection in cystic fibrosis (cystic fibrosis paradox). The authors concluded that although the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastroduodenal disease in cystic fibrosis are controversial, however, its role should not be underestimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Melatonin is a hormone produced by the epiphyseal gland. Its physiologic functions have been extensively studied during the last years, its cyclic secretion seeming associated with multiple normal biological processes. Its correlation with autism has long been researched by some authors with the purpose to find a better therapeutically approach for a relative common disease of childhood. This paper reviews the accumulated scientific data in order to better understand the possible melatonin use in autistic symptoms treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is: (1) to present the relevant factors for obtaining an esthetic implant-borne singletooth crown and (2) to assess the prognostic value of the initial esthetic score calculation. Materials and methods. From December 2002 to March 2016 we inserted 287 single-unit implant-borne crowns. We have calculated the initial esthetic score, e.g. before treatment and biased it against the final one, e.g. after treatment completion. Results. The initial esthetic score matched the final one up to a maximal 2-point deviation in 84% of the cases. Discussion. The only 84% accuracy match is probably due to some subjective paragraphs like “esthetic requirements” or “hygiene level and availability”. Conclusions. Calculation of an initial esthetic score seems to be an acceptable method for predicting the esthetic outcome of implant-borne single-tooth crowns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a retrospective study conducted from December 2014 - December 2015 on patients admitted in emergency in our clinic for traumatic haemoperitoneum. We have analyzed the causes of production, the most common organs affected, the paraclinical investigations and surgical management of these cases. Abdominal ultrasound in emergency and, in selected cases, abdominal CT imaging tests are reliable and largely replaced peritoneal paracentesis. The most common injuries had affected liver (38.7%) and spleen (28.73%)v. Surgical exploration should be careful, often coexisting pathologies requiring multiple surgical solving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pediatric Orthopaedics Group for Research and Study - 2012 has initiated this retrospective analysis because in Romania, but also in other countries, the therapy procedures, although in great number, do not provide practicing physicians with a clear orientation according to certain therapeutic criteria in the treatment of supracondylar fractures of the humerus. As a consequence, the number of complications and their severity have drawn attention over existing lack of knowledge in the medical or surgical act. To correct complications, valgus and varus elbow, Prof. Al. Pesamosca announced an original operation entitled „Personal method in correction of varus post-traumatic elbow“ in Bacau County Meeting of 24 June 1978. This operation was later popularized by Gh. Burnei & al. with surgical interventions in patients with varus or valgus post-traumatic elbow and then presented at several congresses in the country and abroad. The last work that addressed this subject was presented at the 29th Annual Congress of the European Pediatric Orthopedic Society (EPOS) from 7 to 10 April 2010, Zagreb, Croatia, and is entitled „Distal humeral Z-osteotomy for posttraumatic cubitus varus or valgus“ having authored by Gh. Burnei, Ileana Georgescu, Stefan Gavriliu, Costel Vlad and Daniela Dan. As members of this group, based on studies we made, we want to popularize a new type of osteosynthesis, which ensures a snug fit, avoids complications, and allows rapid recovery after surgery. The best approach to this kind of fractures is orthopedic and must be carried out urgently, in the first 6 hours by reduction and immobilization in a cast, or by closed or open reduction with fixation using multiple methods (Judet, Boehler, Kapandji, San Antonio, San Diego, double-X Burnei). Open treatment is necessary in supracondylar irreducible, reducible and unstable fractures, in supracondylar fractures occurring within multiple accidental trauma, in fractures with vascular complications, in unreasonably delayed, fractures, in orthopaedically managed fractures which have displaced under cast, or in surgically treated fractures where fixation is damaged. We use Burnei technique for about 10 years. Here in Romania, great work has been done in this field by Al. Pesamosca, D. Vereanu, Ionel Ionescu, N. Negus, Pompiliu Parota, T. Zamfir, Gh. Burnei, I. Hutanu, etc. Abroad, important papers on the treatment of supracondylar fractures of the humerus have been published by L. Böhler, A. Kapandji, K. Wilkins, D. Skaggs, E. Edomnds, E. Swanson, etc. Between October 2001 and October 2011 in „Alexandru Pesamosca“ Surgery Clinic, 56 cases have been resolved with the help of Burnei's „double-x“ osteosynthesis. These patients were operated using Kocher type unique approach, the intervention beeing primarily aimed at providing osteosynthesis that is not followed by immobilization in a cast and also enabling mobilization 24 hours after surgery. Wires placed in „double-X“ should not sit olecranon fossa. Immobilization must be anatomical and olecranon fossa must be free. After surgical intervention, check elbow flexion and extension which should be normal, without providing crackles or limitations. This intervention was done in patients: having secondary displacement in plaster after 10 days of immobilization; with other types of damaged osteosynthesis; with polytrauma with supracondylar fracture; who neglected or unjustifiedly delayed fractures that were not orthopaedically reduced in emergency and had swelling and blistering. Using Burnei's „double-X“ osteosynthesis in supracondylar humerus fractures, does not require cast immobilization. In oblique trajectory fractures, the stability of the fracture by reduction, with or without wiring, is ensured more difficultly and often followed by joint stiffness and/or ulnar nerve paresis. Burnei's „double-X“ osteosynthesis provides stability to such fractures and avoids complications. Mobilization of the elbow may begin immediately after surgery. The process provides comfort to the patient and doctor and if multiple injuries require repeated exams, preferred positions or care of extensive lesions of the skin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Progressive accumulation of uremic toxins in the body exerts a variety of adverse effects on all organs, tissues and systems. The elimination of these compounds from the body is a major goal in the international scientific community. The objectives of this study are: uremic toxins classification, presentation of nocive effects of uremic toxins in human body. This paper is focused on identifying the disorders induced by uremic toxins on metabolism and microcirculation and on finding new therapeutic strategies to prevent the development of complications in uremic patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Headache is part of an alarm system announcing that somewhere in the body of the person who has this accuse something peculiar happens in the pathological or physiological point of view. Patients have various forms of headache and, therefore, each case must be correctly diagnosed, being necessary a very thorough medical history, in order to characterize each type of headache. Although most patients with headache have a normal physical exam, it is extremely important to continue the investigation plan with functional testing, that will guide both the diagnosis and treatment. Approach to the patient with headache starts with the usual paraclinical tests. In this paper, the authors bring into question electrophysiological and neuroimaging paraclinical testing of patients with headache. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The basal cell adenoma (BCA) is a rare tumor entity of the salivary glands. It represents an adenoma monomorphic form, first mentioned by Kleinasser and Klein in 1967. (13) The most frequent location is at the level of the parotid gland. It presents itself usually as a tumorous firm mass, mobile, with slow increase. Microscopically, the tumour contains monomorphic basal cells with the absence of myoepithelial cells. Histologically, it is characterised by the presence of hilar stroma presence, soft, and with the absence of the myxoid or chondroid stroma. It presents similarities with the mixed tumour, but also with the adenocarcinoma with basal cells and with the cystic adenoid carcinoma. Therefore, questions may arise regarding the diagnostic and treatment. It tends to be multifocal and the rate of relapse after the surgical excision is high. Taking into consideration all these aspects, in this paper we would want to show a case of adenoma with basal cells with parotid localization which presented a series of clinical-morphological particularities in parallels with the data existing in the specialized literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]