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ABSTRACT Purpose to analyze the knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes of students on noise. Methods We used an observational method study, in 32 Schools from Itajaí/Brazil, with a convenience sample, comprising 1,835 students, 45.7% females and 54.3% males, mean age of 11.53 ± 0.8 years, was conducted. The Portuguese version of Dangerous Decibels® questionnaire was applied. For the data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were used, significance level of 5%. Results A large part of the sample part of the sample had harmful hearing habits; 62.6% reported knowledge on the subject, but only 25.4% answered the questions on the theme correctly; 58.9% reported that they did not know how to protect hearing if necessary. Regarding sex and age: males have more hazardous hearing habits (p < 0.001) and tinnitus complaint (p

ABSTRACT Purpose: to identify the profile of tinnitus research in Brazil and the main procedures adopted by professionals in the field in the national territory. Methods: an observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study, in which an active search was made on digital platforms to identify researchers in Brazil who have tinnitus as a study focus. After identifying the tinnitus study groups, an online Form was sent to the researchers comprising 21 questions, so as to know the works in development. The collected responses were extracted and tabulated intoMicrosoft Excel Professional Plus2019 through the absolute and relative frequency measurements of the final sample. Results: 117 researchers were identified, of these, 21 participated in the study, being (90.5%) females, specifically from public universities (81%) in the Southeast region of Brazil (47.7%). These professionals develop clinical research (76.1%), focusing on therapies and/or treatments (38.1%), and use sound therapy (52.38%) as the main technological resource of their studies. Conclusion: the research profile is clinical, with a main focus on therapies and/or treatments for tinnitus. As for the procedures, there is a predominant application of the Visual Analogue Scale- VAS and the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory- THI as evaluation protocols and sound therapy as the main technological resource of their studies.

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT Purpose: to verify the sex, age, tinnitus location, presence or absence of hearing loss, its degree, and the psychoacoustic measurements (pitch, loudness, minimum masking level [MML], and residual inhibition [RI]) of patients with chronic tinnitus and their relationships. Methods: the study included subjects of both sexes, aged 25 to 85 years, with complaints of chronic tinnitus, followed up at the health service where the research was conducted. They were submitted to medical history survey, basic audiological assessment, and pitch, loudness, RI, and MML research. The following statistical tests were used: chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Spearman’s correlation coefficient. The significance level was set at 5% (p≤0.05). Results: the type of tinnitus was associated with the presence or absence of hearing loss (HL), degree of HL, MML, and loudness; age was associated with the presence or absence of HL and its degree. There was a directly weak proportional correlation between loudness and MML, whereas the correlations between pitch and loudness, pitch and MML, and RI and MML were weak and inversely proportional. Conclusion: both the affected subjects and their tinnitus characteristics were heterogeneous. The results indicate that some variables influence one another, which also happens between psychoacoustic measurements.

ABSTRACT Purpose: to establish the profile of individuals with tinnitus treated at a Hearing Health service and to associate the symptom with gender, audiological profile, and presence of vertigo. Methods: a descriptive, retrospective study with an analysis of 6,000 medical records of individuals treated at a hearing health service was carried out. The data collected from the medical records were: sociodemographic data, characteristics of hearing impairment, characteristics of tinnitus and vertigo, speech therapy interview, and otorhinolaryngological, audiological, otoneurological assessments, characteristics of life style and risk factors. An descriptive analysis was performed using the Chi-square test of association, adopting a statistical significance level of 5% (p

Objective: To analyze the occurrence of tinnitus and peripheral sensory neuropathy in women during breast cancer chemotherapy. Methods: This is a retrospective analytical study with a quantitative approach, performed in medical records of an oncology outpatient service between February 2014 and February 2015, using the toxicities scores of Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). Results: Considering 181 patients with breast cancer who met the inclusion criteria, 49.2% reported tinnitus at some point of the treatment, while 65.1% peripheral sensory neuropathy. In both conditions, the predominant severity score was grade 1, with frequencies of 23.8% and 33.1%, respectively. A significant, positive and weak correlation was observed between the severity of tinnitus and peripheral sensory neuropathy (ρ = 0.325 and p = 0.001), as well as very weak between the number of complete cycles of chemotherapy and tinnitus (ρ = 0.195 and p = 0.009) and neuropathy peripheral sensory (ρ = 0.237 and p = 0.002). Conclusions: Tinnitus and peripheral sensory neuropathy were frequent toxicities during chemotherapy treatment of breast cancer, and both manifested with low severity/functional impact in most participants.

This research aimed to investigate the consequences of musicians' exposure to sounds into their practice. Reports of auditory symptoms and complaints from 28 professional musicians and 28 non-musicians were compared, all participants with normal hearing. Musicians had a higher occurrence of auditory symptoms, especially tinnitus. Even with hearing considered "within the normal range", auditory symptoms alert to the risk to which these professionals are exposed and the need for attention to their hearing health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To analyze and correlate auditory signs and symptoms, emphasising tinnitus, audiological findings, and their incidence in individuals with vascular loop (AV) of VII/VIII pair demonstrated by MRI images of the cerebellopontine angle, classifying them according to Chavda. A retrospective and cross-sectional study by analyzing clinical data from the medical records of 15 patients, correlating hearing and otological complaints with results found in the complementary tests of Audiometry and MRI. Patients who presented alterations in the path of the vessels that penetrate the IAC, forming a vascular loop of the VII and/or VIII cranial nerve, were classified according to Chavda. All patients had an MRI with a vascular loop of the VIII pair diagnosed. Eleven of them (73.33%) were bilateral. In 5 patients, there was an agreement between the complaint and the MRI findings: bilateral symptoms and bilateral vascular loop. Tinnitus generated by vascular para-auditory structures is also called pulsatile tinnitus. These conditions lead to turbulent flow that causes tinnitus, synchronous with the patient's pulse. There are studies demonstrating there is no correlation between tinnitus and vascular contact with the VIII pair. We found the presence of tinnitus in approximately 80% of patients with vascular loop, but the complaint did not always coincide with the pathology, making it hard to correlate complaints and pathology. The presence of a vascular loop on MRI is not pathological but an examination finding. The neurovascular conflict of the VII/VIII cranial nerve present in the MRI images did not alone justify the otoneurological signs and symptoms and the audiovestibular alterations found in the individuals evaluated in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La depresión representa un gran impacto económico. Se prevén para el periodo 2011-2030 pérdidas de USD 16.3 billones en Estados Unidos, en la India el 20% de la producción económica se destinará al manejo de los trastornos mentales y, en el mismo periodo, China perderá USD 4.5 billones (Grazier, 2019). Esto hace necesario determinar la relación de la depresión con tinnitus, vértigo, TTM y síntomas físicos, lo cual genera un impacto negativo en las empresas. Se realizó un estudio observacional mediante la herramienta CDI/TTM examinando 94 pacientes que asistieron a la clínica de articulación temporomandibular. La presencia de síntomas depresivos con tinnitus, dolor de cabeza por TTM y síntomas físicos no específicos (SFNE) presentaron valores de asociación significativos con p de 0.002, 0.003 y 0.000, siendo factores de riesgo para la depresión. Los SFNE y el tinnitus presentan alta asociación con la presencia de depresión. The depression represents a great economic impact, predicting for the years 2011 to 2030 losses of USD 16.3 billion in the United States, in India 20% of the economic production will be destined to the management of mental disorders; in the same period China will lose USD 4.5 billion (Grazier, 2019). Making it necessary to determine the relationship of depression with tinnitus, vertigo, TMD and physical symptoms. This generates a negative impact on companies. An observational study was conducted using the CDI/TTM tool examining 94 patients who attended the temporomandibular joint clinic. The presence of depressive symptoms with tinnitus, TMJ headache and non-specific physical symptoms (NSPH) showed significant association values with p of 0.002, 0.003 and 0.000, being risk factors for depression. NSPEs and tinnitus have a high association with the presence of depression.

ABSTRACT Purpose: to present preliminary data on the influence of COVID-19 on the appearance and/or worsening of auditory and vestibular symptoms in the population of a Brazilian state. Methods: an observational, descriptive and quantitative approach of research, carried out from September 2020 to May 2021, in Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil. The research consisted of a self-report questionnaire on the manifestation of COVID-19, general post-infection symptoms, and audio-vestibular symptoms before and after COVID-19, posted on social media using the snowball technique. Results: the sample consisted of 173 people, 89% reporting symptomatic manifestations of COVID-19 with home treatment, 6.9% being asymptomatic, and 4% symptomatic with hospital treatment. A decrease in smell was reported by 126 patients, headache by 76, tinnitus by 76, and dizziness by 72, after infection by COVID-19. An increase in audio-vestibular symptoms was observed, affecting even those who did not present them before COVID. Conclusions: the preliminary results of the research point to a high occurrence and worsening of auditory and vestibular symptoms, following COVID-19.

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Introduction: Tympanic glomus tumors, or paragangliomas, are vascular tumors located on the middle ear promontory, formed by cells with finely granulated eosinophilic cytoplasm with small oval nucleus separated by septa of fibrous tissue containing dilated veins. Development: These tympanic tumors are very similar histologically to pheochromocytoma and are considered the most common benign tumors of the middle ear. The most reported symptoms are pulsatile tinnitus and hearing loss. Physical examination may show a reddish lesion in the middle ear. The diagnosis by complementary exams is made with the tomography of the temporal bones and nuclear magnetic resonance, when necessary, and audiometry. Conclusions: This article presents two cases of patients with tympanic paragangliomas treated surgically, with different clinical conditions despite having similar lesions, showing resolutive conduct for an unusual picture.

ABSTRACT Objective: to develop an educational tool in a Virtual Learning Environment (VLE), in a website format, to supply information on tinnitus, additional content on hearing and to provide access links to other websites related to speech therapy and audiology, so as to promote public health. Methods: an experimental, descriptive study, involving, in its construction, 6 stages elaborated as follows: planning, adaptation, collection of testimonies, inclusion of content, review and dissemination. Results: the site was titled "Do you have tinnitus?" It was subdivided into others: "Home", "Tinnitus?" "Types of tinnitus," "Main causes," "What to do?" "Main forms of treatment," "Tips to relieve tinnitus," "Prevention," "News," "Testimonials," "About your hearing," "What is hearing loss?" "What are speech therapy and audiology?" "Other sites," "Contact" and "About." Illustrations and videos were inserted, and the information contained in any material was classified with easy readability. Conclusion: it was possible to develop a website entitled “Do you have tinnitus?” available at the electronic address: https://vocetemzumbido.wixsite.com/home, providing general information about tinnitus, in addition to additional information on hearing.

ABSTRACT Objective: to report the use of the Dangerous Decibels® program for workers of a refrigeration company and their children as an intervention strategy for hearing health. Methods: an intervention study conducted in the city of Chapecó, SC, Brazil. Eight workers from a refrigeration company and their children participated in the study. The strategies adopted were those proposed by the Dangerous Decibels® program. Results: the Dangerous Decibels® program strategies contributed to the reflection on noise and favored interaction among participants. Workers and their children mutually committed to protecting and preserving hearing by passing on the knowledge gained to other family members, friends, and co-workers. The three basic principles of the Dangerous Decibels® program adopted by the participants were: Move away from noise, turn down the volume and protect the ears. Conclusion: the Dangerous Decibels® program developed in an intergenerational context was well received and accepted by workers and their children. As an educational intervention strategy for hearing health, it proved to be viable, convenient and with adequate content to be used simultaneously in populations of different age groups.

ABSTRACT Purpose: to review both the national and international literature as well as to describe the methods used to collect psychoacoustic measurements in tinnitus patients. Methods: the current integrative review was conducted on articles in specialized national and international journals, in both the Portuguese and English languages, available in the PubMed/Medline, BVS - LILACS and SCIELO databases. The following keywords and descriptors were used: hearing, tinnitus, psychoacoustic measurements, acuphenometry, and assessment, in both the Portuguese and English languages. The retrieved articles were read and selected for the review according to the eligibility criteria, which included the use of psychoacoustic measurements in tinnitus patients and the presence of a detailed methodological description of the protocol employed, in individuals with normal hearing and those with hearing loss. Results: a total of 12 articles, in which psychoacoustic measures were used for the characterization and the measurement of tinnitus in individuals with normal hearing and in those with hearing loss, were reviewed. The main findings were associated with the sample characterization and the way in which the psychoacoustic measures were performed. Conclusion:given the grouping of several protocols for tinnitus evaluation, which were determined following an integrative literature review, a great heterogeneity in the methods used to perform psychoacoustic measurements for tinnitus assessment for both clinical and scientific purposes was noted.

Objective: to seek the critical evaluation and synthesis of available evidence on the relationship between tinnitus, stress and zinc levels in students and teaching and non-teaching workers of higher education institutions. Materials and Methods: the bibliographic survey was conducted in an electronics databases (Lilacs, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cinhal, Academic Search Premier, Science Direct), with standardized bibliographic search, using specific keywords and descriptors searching all the study summaries pertinent to the proposed question. Of the scientific studies raised in the search, inclusion and exclusion criteria were established. From the obtained titles, tried to select those that had at least one of the elements of the triad: tinnitus, stress and zinc levels. After reading the full texts, they were reviewed according to the protocol form and obtained four studies included in the Integrative Review. Results: the results showed that no is can cause tinnitus and cause complaints and symptoms in hearing and also in general health. In none of the participants of these studies was investigated zinc to demonstrate a possible association of this element with tinnitus in the body of these professionals, as well as stress. Conclusions: there is a lack of studies in the literature with better evidence to be able to prove the existence of a relationship between the triad tinnitus, stress and zinc levels in the researched population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Comportamentalia is the property of Instituto de Psicologia y Educacion de la Universidad Veracruzana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT Objective: to verify the relationship between otological symptoms and parafunctional habits in individuals with temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Methods: evaluations were based on the clinical records of 768 patients treated at a temporomandibular joint diagnostic center from 2010 to 2016. The inclusion criteria were completely filled out charts of adult patients (> 18 years of age) and the final sample comprised 516 clinical records. The presence/absence of parafunctional habits and otological symptoms (tinnitus, hearing impairment, dizziness, the sensation of plugged ears and imbalance) was recorded. Results: statistically significant associations were found between otological symptoms and both sex and the presence of parafunctional habits, as otological symptoms were more prevalent among women and individuals with at least one parafunctional habit. Conclusion: in the present sample, otological symptoms were positively associated with parafunctional habits in individuals with temporomandibular joint dysfunction.

ABSTRACT Objective: to verify, in the literature, a probable association of tinnitus with anxiety and depression in the elderly. Methods: a systematic review (through a search in the indexed databases - Lilacs, Scielo, Pubmed, Science Direct, The Cochrane Library) of studies published between 2013 and 2018, in Portuguese and in English, involving adults and/or elderly (18 years and older). The descriptors used were: “tinnitus", "depression", "anxiety", "adult", "elderly", interspersed by the Boolean operator AND. Results: 11 studies were selected, from which, 5 compared adults to elderly and only 2 evaluated such relationship in the elderly alone. Studies suggest that, as age increases, tinnitus severity and psychological symptoms also increase, affecting both men and women. Conclusion: few studies compared the relationship between the variables among the elderly. A probable association between the variables for both genders has been found, suggesting that the advancing age contributes to the increase of tinnitus severity and its psychological symptoms, affecting the quality of life of these individuals. Further studies are suggested to confirm the association between tinnitus, anxiety and depression in the elderly. Multi-professional work is important for the evaluation and treatment of these people.

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever as queixas e alterações auditivas em indivíduos com esclerose sistêmica (ES), bem como verificar a evolução do quadro audiológico. Método Trata-se de estudo seccional, com uma fase prospectiva, realizado no período de 2012 e 2015, com pacientes com diagnóstico médico de ES. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos, ano de início da doença, ano de diagnóstico e subtipo da enfermidade. Posteriormente, foram realizadas a anamnese audiológica, para identificação de queixas e sintomas e para a investigação de realização de audiometria pregressa ao estudo, e, em seguida, a avaliação audiológica básica. Resultados Participaram do estudo 50 indivíduos. Tontura e zumbido foram os sintomas mais frequentes. A perda auditiva foi identificada em 23 (46%) indivíduos, sendo a maioria do tipo sensorioneural, de grau e configurações variáveis. A análise dos limares auditivos obtidos na avaliação audiológica realizada em 2012 e, posteriormente, em 2015 indicou desencadeamento ou progressão da perda auditiva, com piora de 10dB na maioria das frequências avaliadas, sendo mais expressiva nas frequências agudas. Conclusão Elevada frequência de queixas e alterações auditivas em indivíduos com ES e desencadeamento e/ou progressão da perda auditiva naqueles que realizaram avaliação audiológica sequencial.

Purpose: To verify the effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction in the usability test of the tinnitus assessment application., Methods: This is a descriptive usability test study that assessed the satisfaction, effectiveness, and efficiency of the application. The test was carried out virtually via Google Forms. First, the participants received instructions on how to access and use Avazum, through texts and illustrative images. Afterward, the users used the application, observing its functions and usability. Next, the participants answered the usability questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 21.0, to perform descriptive analysis such as frequency, percentages of data in the System Usability Questionnaire (SUS), and analysis in the Net Promoter Score (NPS)., Results: Thus, the overall mean SUS score was consistent with satisfactory usability, which implies that the application does not present serious usability problems. Also, the overall NPS percentage indicated very good user satisfaction, with a good percentage of promoting users. As far as effectiveness is concerned, it was found that Avazum reached its goals, besides being efficient, as it uses clear language and is comfortably used., Conclusion: Avazum obtained very good satisfaction from users, in addition to achieving its goals. It proved to be effective, has clear language, and is comfortably used, adducing efficiency in the multidisciplinary evaluation of tinnitus.

Tinnitus is a phantom sound perceived in the absence of external acoustic stimulation, which is only heard by the affected person. It is described in a variety of ways and can be a single sound or combination of different sounds. Tinnitus is related to many other conditions and has an impact in the quality of life of the affected person. However, pathophysiological mechanisms underlying tinnitus and their basic biological remains unknown. One of the major challenges, concerning the heterogeneity of the tinnitus condition, is the lack of standardization in research and clinical management. For this, the TINNET, a European Cost Action for research, has the main objective to develop better strategies for diagnosis and management. The establishment of guidelines for clinical diagnosis, treatment, neuroimaging assessments and outcome assessment, through the identification of clinically meaningful tinnitus subtypes, provides an important basis for the standardization of clinical research and management of tinnitus.

RESUMO Introdução Com frequência, o zumbido tem sido relatado associado ás queixas auditivas. Objetivo Verificar a aplicabilidade da orientação fonoaudiológica associada ao uso de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual (AASI), na redução da sensação do zumbido. Métodos Foram selecionados pacientes com queixa de zumbido associado à perda auditiva. O estudo foi desenvolvido em duas etapas: Avaliação inicial - após o encaminhamento do paciente para adaptação de AASI e Avaliação final - após três meses de uso efetivo do AASI. Os participantes foram divididos em três grupos: Grupo A (oito indivíduos adaptados com AASI, sem orientação referente ao zumbido), Grupo B (oito indivíduos adaptados com AASI, com orientação verbal referente ao zumbido) e Grupo C (oito indivíduos adaptados com AASI, com orientação verbal sobre o material de apoio referente ao zumbido). Os participantes responderam ao questionário Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) no primeiro momento e após três meses de uso efetivo do AASI, para mensurar a modificação do incômodo do sintoma em seu escore total e nos três domínios. Para análise estatística, foram utilizados testes, adotando-se nível de significância inferior a 5%. Resultados Todos os grupos apresentaram redução da sensação de incômodo do zumbido, sendo que melhores resultados foram observados quando o paciente recebeu algum tipo de orientação a respeito. Além disso, observou-se que houve diferença significativa entre os grupos apenas no domínio “emocional” do questionário THI, em que o grupo C apresentou melhor resultado na diminuição da sensação do incômodo do zumbido, do que os grupos A e B (p

Purpose: To investigate the frequency of otoneurological symptoms in children with congenital hypothyroidism and correlate them to the clinical aspects. Methods: Exploratory study of sectional descriptive character. The sample was composed by parents and/or caregivers of 105 children diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism and age of 5 years or more. Data collection used a structured questionnaire developed and tested by researchers. Clinical and laboratory data were obtained from medical records. Results: Most subjects (72.4%) showed symptoms related to vestibulocochlear disorder, in which dizziness/vertigo corresponded to 56.2% of symptoms, followed by hearing loss (43.8%) and tinnitus (12.4%). We observed statistical correlation between hearing loss (p = 0.016) and age of neonatal screening test, as well as symptoms of dizziness/vertigo with congenital hypothyroidism (p = 0.003). For hearing loss (PR = 0.49; CI = 0.31 to 0.77), the exposure factor showed a correlation with the probability of 95%. Conclusion: These findings suggest a significant prevalence and association between congenital hypothyroidism and otoneurological symptoms, especially dizziness, hearing loss and tinnitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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OBJETIVOS: analisar a influência do zumbido na qualidade de vida dos pacientes; verificar a relação entre grau de incômodo do zumbido e presença de perda auditiva concomitante. MÉTODO: estudo observacional transversal com amostra de conveniência. Foram aplicados anamnese e questionário com enfoque das características clínicas do zumbido em 22 pacientes. Para análise dos dados, foi aplicado o Teste exato de Fisher, com nível de significância de 5% (p < 0,05). RESULTADOS: dos 22 pacientes, 7 ( 31,8%) apresentaram audição normal e 15 (68,2%) apresentaram algum tipo de perda auditiva. Dos pacientes possuidores de perda auditiva, 12 apresentaram perda auditiva neurossensorial em pelo menos uma das orelhas e 3 perda mista uni ou bilateral. Quanto ao grau de incômodo, utilizando a escala análogo-visual, 17 (77,27%) dos pacientes relataram incômodo intenso, ao passo que 5 (22,72%) consideraram grau reduzido de incômodo gerado por esse sintoma. Foi evidenciado que o zumbido impacta mais as emoções e o sono dos pacientes, do que a concentração e realização de atividades sociais. CONCLUSÕES: dos 22 pacientes com zumbido, encaminhados para realização do PEATE, 70% apresentam zumbido e perda auditiva associada. No entanto, não houve relação entre a presença de zumbido e presença de perda. Não houve ainda relação entre o grau de incômodo e presença de perda.PURPOSE: to analyze life quality in patients that suffer from tinnitus; to check the relation between degree of tinnitus' annoyance and presence of concomitant hearing loss. METHOD: transversal observational study, , with convenience sample. Anamneses were applied focusing tinnitus symptom over 22 patients. In order to analyze data we used Fisher's Exact Test within a 5% significance level. RESULTS: 31.8% of the sample had tinnitus concomitant with normal hearing bilaterally; 68.2% had tinnitus concomitant with some type of hearing loss in one or both ears. In this case, 12 patients showed sensorioneural hearing loss and 03 patients had mixed loss. As for the degree of annoyance referred from tinnitus symptom, using the visual analog scale, 17 (77.27%) patients reported intense discomfort, whereas 5 (22.72%) reported restricted discomfort. Regarding tinnitus' interference in the quality of life, it was possible to note that tinnitus impacts most in patients' emotions and sleep. CONCLUSIONS: from 22 patients referred to take PEATE's exam, 70% of the survey had hearing loss concomitant with tinnitus. However, the relation between tinnitus and hearing loss was not evidenced. We neither found any relation between degree of hearing loss and annoyance.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o grau de incômodo do zumbido, por meio do questionário Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) e correlacionar com a percepção da fala, utilizando o Hearing in Noise Test (HINT), antes e após adaptação de Aparelho de Amplificação Sonora Individual (AASI) Métodos Participaram da pesquisa 27 indivíduos com perda auditiva sensorioneural bilateral, zumbido bilateral contínuo (no mínimo, seis meses) e sem experiência prévia com amplificação. Os indivíduos responderam a anamnese, ao questionário THI e realizaram o HINT, foram adaptados com AASI e, após três meses, realizaram novamente as avaliações. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística. Resultados O THI pré e pós-adaptação de AASI indicou benefício com amplificação em relação à diminuição da sensação do zumbido. O HINT pré e pós-adaptação de AASI não obteve diferença significativa. Houve diferença na correlação do THI e HINT antes da adaptação do AASI. Conclusão Houve melhora em relação ao grau de incômodo do zumbido, após a adaptação do AASI. Não houve correlação significativa entre a percepção de fala, antes e após a utilização do AASI. Registro clinical trials: 3949

O zumbido, som percebido pelo indivíduo sem que haja estímulo externo, resulta da interação dinâmica de centros do sistema nervoso central, incluindo vias auditivas e não auditivas. O resultado desta interação, especialmente sistema límbico e sistema nervoso autônomo, seria responsável pelo desencadeamento de associações emocionais negativas e reações de incômodo em pacientes com zumbido. A ansiedade, condição fisiológica inerente ao ser humano, quando exacerbada gera um transtorno de humor, comprometendo o pensamento, o comportamento e a atividade psicológica. Se um estímulo interno ou externo for interpretado como perigoso ou ameaçador, desencadeará uma reação emocional caracterizada como estado de ansiedade. Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre a relação do zumbido e da ansiedade. Em se tratando do zumbido, a forma como o som é percebido pode ser alterado pela ansiedade, aguçando assim a sensibilidade para detectar sons que parecem uma ameaça em potencial, pois para muitos o zumbido é sinônimo de enfermidade grave. A etiologia do desenvolvimento da depressão e ansiedade pode estar relacionada ao zumbido. Muitos adquirem esse sintoma por problemas físicos e, consequentemente, desenvolvem a depressão e a ansiedade. Outros com graus diferentes de angústias adquirem o zumbido devido ao comprometimento emocional. Dessa forma, existe um vínculo entre o zumbido e problemas emocionais, mas nem sempre é fácil identificar o precursor. Estudos demonstram que pacientes acometidos pelo zumbido apresentam maior tendência ao suicídio, depressão e ansiedade. Além disso, referem o efeito aditivo da ansiedade e da depressão na qualidade de vida e no zumbido dos indivíduos.Tinnitus is a sound perceived without external stimulus, and results from the dynamic interaction of the centers in the central nervous system, including non-auditory and auditory ways. The result of this interaction, especially with the limbic system and autonomic nervous system, would be responsible for triggering negative emotional associations and distress in patients with tinnitus. Anxiety, a physiological condition inherent to human beings, when exacerbated, generates a mood disorder, affecting thinking, behavior and physiological activity. If an inner or outer stimulus is interpreted as dangerous or threatening, it may trigger an emotional reaction characterized as a state of anxiety. This work aims to review the relationship between tinnitus and anxiety. The tinnitus sound is perceived can be altered by anxiety, thereby, sharpening the sensitivity in detecting sounds that seem a potential threat, because for many people, tinnitus is synonymous with a serious illness. The etiology for the development of depression and anxiety may be related to tinnitus. Many people acquire this symptom by physical problems and hence develop depression and anxiety. Others with different degrees of distress due to tinnitus acquire emotional problems. Thus, there is a probable link between tinnitus and emotional problems, but it is not always easy to identify which one occurs first. Studies show that patients affected by tinnitus have a greater trend for suicide, depression and anxiety. They also refer to the additive cumulative effects of anxiety and depression on the quality of life of tinnitus sufferers.

Objective: To identify risk factors related to sensorineural hearing loss in elderly. Methods: The sample consisted of 60 selected elderly, divided into two groups: the Case Group, composed by 30 individuals, 21 females and 9 males, aged at least 60 years, presenting sensorineural hearing loss, and the Control Group, composed by 30 individuals matched on gender and age, with normal hearing. The patients were submitted to audiological anamnesis and tonal audiometry. The hearing impairment was defined according to average threshold greater than 35dBNA, in the frequencies of 1,000; 2,000 and 4,000 Hz, in the best ear. Results: Statistically significant odds ratios were: a) to audiological history: noise exposure and family history of deafness; b) to situations involving hearing difficulty: television, church, telephone, silent environment, spatial location of sound, difficulty with voices and noisy environment; c) to otologic history: tinnitus, otorrhea and nausea; and d) to medical history: visual problems, smoke, alcohol, thyroid problems and kidney disease. Conclusion: The findings of this study highlighted, for sensorineural hearing loss, risk factors related to audiologic, otologic and medical history, and to situations involving hearing difficulty.

TEMA: a polimiosite é uma enfermidade sistêmica idiopática caracterizada por um processo inflamatório não supurativo que acomete a musculatura esquelética e manifesta-se clinicamente por fraqueza muscular proximal e simétrica. Possui incidência variável, cerca de um caso para cada 100 mil habitantes, havendo predominância no sexo feminino. PROCEDIMENTOS: avaliou-se no Setor de Otoneurologia de uma Instituição, um paciente com diagnóstico de polimiosite, com 60 anos, do sexo feminino, que referiu dificuldade para escutar no ouvido direito, zumbido, ansiedade, insônia, dificuldade nos movimentos do pescoço e dor irradiada para ombros e braços. Foram realizados os seguintes procedimentos: anamnese, inspeção otológica, avaliação audiológica e vestibular. RESULTADOS: a) na avaliação audiológica apresentou, perda auditiva neurossensorial de grau moderado na orelha direita e limiares auditivos dentro dos padrões de normalidade na orelha esquerda; b) na imitanciometria apresentou, curva timpanométrica do tipo "A" e presença dos reflexos estapedianos bilateralmente; c) no exame vestibular observou-se, nistagmo semi-espontâneo do tipo múltiplo e ausência do efeito inibidor da fixação ocular. CONCLUSÃO: observou-se alteração nos exames realizados, principalmente, no exame labiríntico que demonstrou a importância de sua realização e a sensibilidade na captação de alteração que sugeriu envolvimento do sistema nervoso central contribuindo dessa forma, para uma intervenção e acompanhamento terapêutico mais rápido e eficaz.BACKGROUND: polymyositis is an idiopathic systematic disease characterized by a non-suppurative inflammatory process which attacks the skeletal musculature and manifests itself clinically by proximal and symmetrical muscular debility. It shows a variable incidence, approximately one in every hundred thousand inhabitants, predominately in females. PROCEDURES: a patient, 60 years, female and diagnosed with polymyositis was evaluated in the Otoneurology Sector of an Institution, referred having hearing difficulties in the right ear, tinnitus, anxiety, insomnia, difficulties in neck movement and shoulders and arms disseminated pain. The following procedures were carried out: anamnesis, otological inspection, audiological evaluation and vestibular exam. RESULTS: a) in the audiological evaluation there was sensorineural hearing loss from moderate degrees in the right ear and normal hearing thresholds in the left ear; b) in the imitanciometry there was a type "A" tympanometric curve and the presence of the stapedial reflexes, bilaterally; c) in the vestibular exam, semi-spontaneous multiple nystagmus and an absence of the inhibiting effect for ocular fixation were observed. CONCLUSION: alterations were observed in the accomplished exams, mainly in the vestibular exam, which demonstrated the importance for being carried out; and the sensitivity in the acquisition of the alteration which suggested an involvement of the central nervous system, contributing, thus, to a faster and more effective intervention and therapeutic accompaniment.

OBJETIVO: Verificar as características, prevalência e repercussão do zumbido em trabalhadores expostos ao ruído. MÉTODOS: Um total de 585 trabalhadores de uma indústria alimentícia foi questionado sobre zumbido. Aqueles que referiram zumbido por mais de cinco minutos e há mais de seis meses responderam à entrevista abordando histórico ocupacional e do zumbido, responderam ao questionário Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, e realizaram audiometria tonal. Foi realizada análise estatística dos dados. RESULTADOS: Foi encontrada prevalência do zumbido de 7,2% (n=42), tempo médio de exposição ao ruído de três anos e oito meses e tempo médio de percepção do zumbido de três anos e sete meses. Verificou-se predomínio da percepção intermitente (88%), bilateral (53,4%), com início progressivo (66,7%). Um total de 50% não apresentou perda auditiva. Os sujeitos referiram que o zumbido interfere principalmente na concentração; estresse, silêncio e barulho foram os fatores de piora mais citados. Houve diferença entre o tempo de exposição ao ruído e o tempo de percepção do zumbido nos indivíduos sem perda auditiva. CONCLUSÃO: A ausência de perda auditiva em metade dos indivíduos e a correlação entre tempo de exposição ao ruído e tempo de percepção do zumbido, nestes indivíduos, apontam para um possível efeito do ruído não limitado ao sistema auditivo periférico e para a necessidade de inclusão do zumbido nos programas de conservação auditiva.PURPOSE: To verify the characteristics, prevalence, and repercussion of tinnitus in noise-exposed workers. METHODS: A total of 585 workers from a food industry were questioned about tinnitus. Individuals that reported tinnitus with duration of more than five minutes and for more than six months answered an interview regarding occupational and tinnitus histories, answered to the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory questionnaire, and carried out a pure tone audiometry. Data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Tinnitus prevalence was 7.2% (n=42), the average noise exposure time was three years and eight months, and the average tinnitus perception time was three years and seven months. There was a predominance of intermittent (88%) and bilateral (53.4%) perception, with progressive onset (66.7%). A total of 50% didn't present hearing loss. The subjects reported that tinnitus interferes mainly in concentration; stress, silence and noise were the worsening factors most frequently mentioned. There was a difference between noise exposure time and tinnitus perception time in individuals without hearing loss. CONCLUSION: The absence of hearing loss in half the individuals and the correlation between noise exposure time and tinnitus perception time, in these subjects, suggest a possible effect of noise not restrained to the peripheral auditory system, and the need to include tinnitus in hearing conservation programs.

OBJETIVO: verificar a frequência e possível associação entre queixa de zumbido e vertigem. MÉTODOS: foram incluídos na pesquisa 50 sujeitos sem perda auditiva com ou sem vertigem, de ambos os gêneros com idade entre 45 a 64 anos, A queixa de zumbido e vertigem foi verificada através da anamnese audiológica padrão. RESULTADOS: pode-se verificar que não existe associação significativa entre queixa de zumbido e vertigem observada nos indivíduos avaliados. CONCLUSÃO: o estudo demonstrou que na amostra não houve associação significativa entre queixa de zumbido e vertigem.PURPOSE: to check possible association and periodicity among of tinnitus complaint and vertigo. METHODS: 50 subjects without hearing loss with or with no vertigo, from both genders with age ranging from 45 to 64 years were included in the research. The tinnitus and vertigo complaint was verified through standard audiological history. RESULTS: no association between tinnitus and vertigo was found in these subjects. CONCLUSION: the results from this pilot study suggest no association between tinnitus complaint and vertigo.

OBJETIVO: Identificar o incômodo causado pelo ruído e queixas relacionadas à saúde auditiva em uma corporação de bombeiros do município Santo André (SP). MÉTODOS: Tratou-se de um estudo epidemiológico transversal de inquérito na população de 72 bombeiros do 8º Grupamento, 28 do setor administrativo, 20 do centro de ocorrência e 24 do atendimento operacional. Foi aplicado um protocolo composto por 57 questões referentes a dados pessoais, queixas auditivas, não auditivas e de incômodo. Também foi realizado o mapeamento sonoro do local. RESULTADOS: Os níveis de pressão sonora no local da corporação ultrapassaram 67 dB (A), chegando a níveis maiores de 82 dB (A) na avenida. A maioria (83,3%) dos sujeitos relatou o cotidiano ruidoso no trabalho, sendo o ruído urbano citado como maior fonte. Quando vistos separadamente por área de atuação, a maior ocorrência foi para ruído urbano (73,9%), ruído da viatura (68,0%) e ruído do telefone (38,2%) para o setor administrativo, divisão operacional e atendimento de ocorrências, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: Os bombeiros analisados, além da exposição a ruídos provenientes da ocupação no ambiente de trabalho como viaturas, rádios de comunicação e telefones, também sofrem as consequências do ruído urbano, que altera atividades no trabalho e provoca incômodo.PURPOSE: To identify annoyance caused by occupational and urban noises and auditory health complaints of a group of firefighters from a corporation in Santo André (SP), Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out with a population of 72 firefighters from the 8th Brigade: 28 firefighters from the administrative section, 20 from the occurrence center and 24 from the operational call center. It was used a protocol which consisted of 57 questions regarding personal data, auditory and non-auditory complaints and annoyance. A sound mapping from the surrounding area was also carried out. RESULTS: The sound pressure levels in the firefighter corporation area exceeded 67 dB (A), reaching more than 82 dB (A) at the main avenue. Most of the subjects (83.3%) reported noisy routine at work, and urban noise was reported as the major source of annoyance. When evaluated separately by performance section, the highest occurrences of complaints were for urban noise (73.9%), firefighter vehicle noise (68%) and telephone noise (38.2%), for the administrative section, operational call center and occurrence center, respectively. CONCLUSION: The firefighters interviewed, besides being exposed to noises deriving from work activities, like vehicles, walk-talk radios and telephones, are liable to consequences from urban noise, which disturbs work activities and also causes health problems.

OBJETIVO: Verificar a efetividade dos exercícios de reabilitação vestibular na melhora do zumbido e da tontura por meio de avaliação pré e pós-aplicação do questionário Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) e Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), ambos adaptados à população brasileira. MÉTODOS: Avaliaram-se seis pacientes (dois do sexo masculino e quatro do sexo feminino), na faixa etária de 43 a 70 anos. Os pacientes foram submetidos aos seguintes procedimentos: anamnese, inspeção otológica, avaliação vestibular por meio da vectoeletronistagmografia e aplicação dos questionários pré e pós-reabilitação vestibular, utilizando-se o protocolo de Cawthorne e Cooksey. RESULTADOS: a) com relação às queixas mais referidas, observou-se desequilíbrio à marcha (83,3%), dor de cabeça (66,6%) e depressão (66,6%); b) no exame vestibular todos os pacientes apresentaram alteração na prova calórica, sendo a maior freqüência das síndromes vestibulares periféricas irritativas (83,3%); c) constataram-se no exame vestibular dois casos de síndrome vestibular periférica irritativa, dois casos de síndrome vestibular periférica irritativa unilateral; um caso de síndrome vestibular periférica irritativa bilateral e um caso de síndrome vestibular periférica deficitária unilateral; d) na aplicação do DHI, observou-se melhora nos aspectos: funcional e emocional, mantendo-se inalterado o aspecto físico; e) na aplicação do THI, observou-se melhora em todos os aspectos avaliados. CONCLUSÃO: O protocolo utilizado de reabilitação vestibular promoveu diminuição do zumbido e da tontura, melhorando a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.PURPOSE: To verify the effectiveness of vestibular rehabilitation exercises in the improvement of tinnitus and dizziness through an evaluation carried out before and after the administration of the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (DHI) questionnaires, both adapted to the Brazilian population. METHODS: Six patients (two male and four female), with ages ranging from 43 to 70 years, were evaluated. The patients were submitted to the following procedures: anamnesis, otoscopy, vestibular evaluation through vectoelectronystagmography, and administration of the questionnaires, before and after vestibular rehabilitation, using the Cawthorne and Cooksey protocol. RESULTS: a) regarding the most related complaints, imbalance when walking (83,3%), headache (66,6%) and depression (66,6%), were observed; b) in the vestibular exam all the patients showed alterations in the caloric test, and the most frequent syndrome was the irritative peripheral vestibular (83,3%); c) two cases of irritative peripheral vestibular syndrome, two cases of irritative peripheral unilateral vestibular syndrome, one case of irritative peripheral bilateral vestibular syndrome and one case of peripheral deficient unilateral vestibular syndrome were verified in the vestibular exam; d) in the administration of the DHI, an improvement in the functional and emotional aspects were observed, with the physical aspect remaining unchanged; e) in the administration of the THI, an improvement was observed in all the aspects evaluated. CONCLUSION: The protocol of vestibular rehabilitation used in the study, promoted a decrease in tinnitus and dizziness, hence improving the quality of life of the patients.