68 results on '"sandy soils"'
Search Results
2. ANÁLISE DA UTILIZAÇÃO DE GEOGRELHA COMO REFORÇO NA CAMADA DE SUBLEITO DE PAVIMENTOS.
- Author
-
FERNANDES SANTOS, GABRIEL, TEIXEIRA DA SILVA, LUCAS, and KAZUNORI MAEBARA, ANDRE
- Subjects
SOIL sampling ,CLAY soils ,SOIL classification ,SANDY soils ,SOILS - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Exact Sciences is the property of Master Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
3. RESPOSTA DE CULTIVARES DE AMENDOIM À COINOCULAÇÃO DE Bradyrhizobium E Azospirillum.
- Author
-
Silva MOLINA, Lucila, Rezende PAULINO, Maickon Alexandri, STEINER, Fábio, Mário ZUFFO, Alan, and da Silva COSTA, Felipe Augusto
- Subjects
- *
NITROGEN fixation , *AZOSPIRILLUM brasilense , *CERRADOS , *SANDY soils , *SEED treatment , *PEANUTS - Abstract
The coinoculation of plant growth-promoting bacteria (BPCP) and rhizobium can have a beneficial effect on the nodulation and growth of leguminous plants, being an alternative to enhance biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and crop productivity. The study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the inoculation of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Azospirillum brasilense in an isolated and combined way on the nodulation and growth of two peanut cultivars (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivated in a sandy soil of the Cerrado. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design (DBC) in a 2 × 4 factorial scheme: two peanut cultivars [IAC Tatu ST (upright height) and Runner IAC 886 (creeping height)] and four seed inoculation treatments [control (without inoculation), inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum, inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense and coinoculation with B. japonicum and A. brasilense], with four replications. At 60 days after sowing, root nodulation, plant growth and dry matter partitioning were evaluated. The results showed that the inoculation of peanut seeds with B. japonicum and A. brasilense in isolation and/or in combination can provide sustainability for the peanut production system in the Cerrado region by improving root nodulation and plant growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Bioestimulação como forma de recuperação de áreas contaminadas por hidrocarboneto no semiárido nordestino.
- Author
-
Alves de Araújo, Ana Beatriz, Oliveira Aragão, Ana Katarina, Jobim, Khadija, da Silva Teixeira, Antônio Diego, Veras de Souza, Ana Luiza, da Costa Bandeira, Priscila Pascali, and da Costa Bandeira, Poliana Maria da Costa
- Subjects
- *
POLLUTION , *PIPELINE transportation , *SANDY soils , *PRODUCTION methods , *PETROLEUM - Abstract
The recovery of areas contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons arose due to the great environmental impact resulting from accidents involving leakage during extraction, transport in pipelines, vessels and industrial units. Bioremediation is considered to be a sustainable and economically viable method for reducing or remedying contamination in the provoked environment. Among the developed techniques, biostimulation is an option to accelerate the native soil microbiota with the addition of nutrients. The experiment was conducted in sandy soil contaminated with petroleum and biostimulated with fertilizers. The objective of this work was to evaluate the biostimulation with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) in the degradation of hydrocarbons. Thus, the experiment was conducted for a period of 105 days evaluating the CO2 production by the respirometry method. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block, according to five petroleum doses (0, 1, 3, 5 and 10%) and five (NPK) doses equivalent to 0, 250, 500, 1250 and 2500 kg ha-1 of the 10-30-20 formulation, with three replicates. It was verified that the highest C-CO2 production was 3.539.40 mg kg-1 for the doses of 9.20% of petroleum, and 2,435 kg ha-1 for NPK. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Leguminosas como plantas de cobertura para melhoria da qualidade do solo.
- Author
-
Imbana, Rugana, Churka Blum, Susana, Ivanilda Aguiar, Maria, Gomes de Sousa, Geocleber, Ndami, Medna, and Dabó, Ibraim
- Subjects
- *
PIGEON pea , *GROUND cover plants , *SOIL texture , *SANDY soils , *SOIL sampling , *LEGUMES , *COVER crops - Abstract
Legumes can be efficient to increase carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents in the soil. Based on this, the objective of this study was to select the legumes plants with the greatest potential to accumulate C and N in the soil. The experiment was conducted in 2018, in Redenção, Ceará. The experimental design was a randomized block with eight treatments and three repetitions. The treatments correspond to: control (soil without vegetation cover), straw, Mucuna pruriens, Mucuna pruriens, Dolichos lablab, Cajanus cajan, Crotalaria juncea and Canavalia ensiformis. At flowering (67 days after sowing), the legumes were cut and left on the area. At 78 days after cutting, soil samples were collected at depths of 0-5 and 5-10 cm. We determined bulk density, particle density, porosity, total organic carbon (TOC), carbon stock (C stock), total nitrogen (TN), nitrogen stock (N stock) and C:N ratio. The cover crops did not change bulk density, particle density, porosity, TN, N stock and the C:N ratio, due to the sandy soil texture and short experimental period. However, they contributed to the increase in TOC contents. Legume plants are able to increase soil carbon stock even in the short time. The mucuna cinza (Mucuna pruriens) is the leguminous plant with the greatest potential to accumulate C in the soil. However, to maintain organic residue in the soil, the use of Crotalaria juncea is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. CARACTERÍSTICAS GEOTÉCNICAS E RESILIENTES DE SOLOS DE TALUDES AO LONGO DO TRAÇADO DA ESTRADA DE FERRO CARAJÁS PARA FINS DE UTILIZAÇÃO EM INFRAESTRUTURA DE TRANSPORTES.
- Author
-
da Silva Sousa, Mayssa Alves, Rodrigues Guimarães, Antonio Carlos, and Dias Castro, Carmen
- Subjects
- *
SANDY soils , *BUILDING sites , *SOILS , *COMPACTING , *PAVEMENTS - Abstract
Infrastructure works require materials that are not always available. Searching for deposits near the construction site and the geotechnical study of the soils are essential. This article analyzes the geotechnical and resilient characteristics of soils originating from ten cut slopes of the Carajás Railway (EFC), between the states of Pará and Maranhão (Brazil). The occurrence of soils along this track was investigated, for application purposes in the duplication of the EFC and in future works. Consistency limits, granulometry, compaction, SEM, X-ray spectrometry and Resilience Module (MR) tests were performed, in addition to geotechnical classifications. The presence of fine sandy soils with satisfactory lateritic behavior and MR was identified, which can be used in pavement layers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES OF QUARTZIPSAMMENTS UNDER DIFFERENT AGRICULTURAL USES
- Author
-
Sálvio N. S. Arcoverde, Jorge W. Cortez, Nelci Olszevski, Alessandra M. Salviano, and Vanderlise Giongo
- Subjects
principal component ,quality indicator ,soil quality ,sandy soils ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
ABSTRACT The inadequate agricultural management in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil, associated with the fragility of most soils, has caused degradation of the quality of this resource. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of Quartzipsamments under different uses through the multivariate analysis of chemical and physical attributes. Five areas were selected: four of them with agricultural use (onion, banana, cassava, and corn) and the other with Caatinga. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0.00–0.10, 0.10–0.20, and 0.20–0.40 m for chemical and physical analyses. The data were submitted to descriptive analysis and then to the multivariate analysis using the principal component analysis (PCA) technique and Ward’s clustering method. PCA and clustering techniques allowed the identification of different production systems in subsurface layers, suggesting the effect of fertility on the differentiation of areas with onion and banana, as well as the clustering of cassava and corn cultivations. Physical attributes and sodium content of the surface layer of the area with onion showed a tendency of compaction and salinization process of this environment. In general, fertility was the main responsible for the improvement of soil quality with agricultural use when compared to the Caatinga.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Caracterização Hidrodinâmica do Aquífero Batalha na Região Noroeste de Minas Gerais.
- Author
-
Rodrigues Oliveira, Guilherme Neiva, Guimarães Campos, José Eloi, Walczuk Gomes, André, and Graças Moura, Florença das
- Subjects
SANDY soils ,CLAY soils ,OXISOLS ,QUARTZITE ,GROUNDWATER ,HYDRAULIC conductivity - Abstract
Copyright of Anuario do Instituto de Geociencias is the property of Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Geociencias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Fertilidade do solo de um horto as margens do rio Inhangapi e os impactos qualitativos sob o corpo hídrico.
- Author
-
Fonseca Pinheiro, Valdeci Junior, Santa Rosa Cardoso, Diego Fabrício, da Silva, Emerson Renato Maciel, and da Costa Barbosa, Ivan Carlos
- Subjects
- *
CARBON content of water , *SOIL science , *BODIES of water , *RIPARIAN forests , *SANDY soils , *RIVER channels - Abstract
Soil q uality provides essential functions for life and fertility related to minimal damage to the ecosystem, sustains a permanent agricultural activity. This work aims to investigate the physical-chemical quality of the soil in the municipal garden of Inhangapi, in the state of Pará, and possible qualitative changes in a stretch of the Inhangapi River. Sampling was carried out in periods of different rainfall patterns according to the National Institute of Meteorology, in order to identify the influence of rainfall on the evaluated parameters. Subsequently, physicalchemical analyzes were performed at the Laboratory of the Agricultural Technology Center located at the Federal Rural University of the Amazon. With the physical-chemical analyzes of the soil it was verified that there is a need for conservationist practices that aim to improve the cultivation area, through liming, consortium with legumes for better nitrogen supply and maintaining the soil cover to avoid erosion and leaching and use of composting in order to improve the supply of organic matter and improve water retention, since the soil is sandy. The rapid water body assessment protocol was also applied to a stretch of the river. Greater care is needed on the stretch of river where the protocol was applied, such as the use of riparian forest to help with the silting up of the river bed, resulting in water protection in the surrounding area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Umidade e água disponível no solo em monocultivo de pastagem e sistema silvipastoril com fileiras duplas de eucalipto.
- Author
-
Limberger, Erni, Fidalski, Jonez, de Souza, Wander, Baliscei, Marcio Antonio, and Calonego, Juliano Carlos
- Subjects
- *
SILVOPASTORAL systems , *SOIL moisture , *EUCALYPTUS , *EUCALYPTUS grandis , *SANDY soils , *SOIL depth , *SANDY loam soils , *GRASSLAND soils - Abstract
The expansion of silvipastoral system could be achieved through reform of forage grass monoculture system in soil with a sandy surface layer, but ranchers are concerned that there may be competition for soil water between the pasture and eucalyptus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the moisture and water available in silvipastoral system and forage grass monoculture in different seasons, distance of eucalyptus trunks or terraces at 1 m depth in a Hapludox soil. Reclamation forage grass monoculture was held with cassava (2008-2010), being the eucalyptus seedlings planted simultaneously to the planting of cassava in August 2008. Two systems of terraces spaced 20 m were evaluated: a) forage grass monoculture stargrass (Cynodon nlemfuensis) system and b) silvipastoral system (2x3) +20 with stargrass forage and eucalypt tree (Eucalyptus grandis). The soil water content (θ) was determined in four seasons for eucalyptus tree had 2-3-year-old, from July/2010 to March/2011. Use the following sampling positions: 2.5, 5 and 10 m away from the rows of eucalyptus trees downstream of the terraces. Disturbed soil samples were collected at 0-0.2 m (A horizon - sandy texture), 0.2-0.4 (Bw1 - sandy loam texture), and 0.4-0.6, 0.60.8 and 0.8-1.0 m (Bw2 - sandy clay cloam). Field capacity and permanent wilting point waters contents was determined. The silvipastoral system compared to forage grass monoculture system decreases 0 on the horizon Bw2. The θ was within the limits of the water available in the horizons A and Bw1 for the stargrass forage between the double rows of eucalyptus trees in silvipastoral system during the seasons. The silvipastoral system implemented does not compromise θ to stargrass forage at 0-0.4 m depth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Effectiveness of a rapid soil incubation method for determining potential acidity of soils in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Author
-
Gustavo Brunetto, Rodrigo Otávio Schneider Souza, Rogério Piccin, Roque Junior Sartori Bellinaso, João Kaminski, Carlos Alberto Ceretta, Lincon Stefanello, Rodrigo Krammes, Jacson Hindersmann, and Luciano Colpo Gatiboni
- Subjects
sandy soils ,lime dose ,short incubation ,long incubation ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
ABSTRACT: Potential soil acidity can be measured by two methods in the states of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and Santa Catarina (SC): solution SMP or solution TSM (Buffer Santa Maria). Calibration of these methods is done by incubating soils for long periods (180 days) of CaCO3. The hypothesis of this study is that it is possible to reduce the incubation period in soils by using a soluble base such as calcium hydroxide. The study aimed to estimate potential acidity in a group of soils by moist incubation with Ca(OH)2 (short) as an alternative to the typical method with CaCO3 (long) and relate to the values estimated by the equation used by the Soil Chemistry and Fertility Commission of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina (CQFS-RS/SC; 2016). Ten soils with sandy texture and low organic matter content were collected at 0-20cm in the Campanha Gaúcha region of the state of RS and incubated for 180 days with doses of CaCO3 equivalent to 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of the lime requirement estimated by the solution TSM to raise to pH 6.0. Soils were also incubated for 4 days in an oven at 35ºC with 0.22mol L-1 Ca(OH)2 at doses equivalent to CaCO3. Short incubation of the soil with Ca(OH)2 may substitute long incubation with CaCO3. Also, estimating potential acidity using the equation of the CQFS-RS/SC (2016) overestimated potential acidity in soils with solution TSM pH values lower than 6.0 in this study.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Fragilidade Ambiental à Erosão em uma Bacia Hidrográfica Antropizada no Nordeste do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil.
- Author
-
Pereira Carvalho, Ana Paula, Roque Guerrero, João Vitor, Escobar Silva, Elton Vicente, Rosso Pinto, Mauricio José, Fontoura Costa Vaz, Renata Maria Guerreiro, Tavares Pereira, Camila, Lorandi, Reinaldo, de Lollo, José Augusto, and Eduardo Moschini, Luiz
- Subjects
ENVIRONMENTAL quality ,SOIL degradation ,SANDY soils ,WATERSHEDS ,LAND use ,LAND cover ,SOIL structure - Abstract
Copyright of Anuario do Instituto de Geociencias is the property of Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Geociencias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. A ENZIMA UREASE E SUAS APLICAÇÕES NA AGRICULTURA E ENGENHARIA.
- Author
-
Luiz Pacheco, Vinicius and Maria Colla, Luciane
- Subjects
- *
HEAVY metals , *BACTERIAL enzymes , *SANDY soils , *EMISSION control , *UREASE , *UREA as fertilizer , *MICROORGANISMS - Abstract
Urease is an enzyme produced by bacteria, plants, fungi, algae and invertebrates; and to characterize by its catalytic function of hydrolyzing the urea, forming the carbonic and ammonium as the final product and explaining the pH as a medium as the reactive effect of the reaction. In science, it is studied primarily in the fields of agriculture, medicine and engineering, with broad practical applications and varied specific forms of monitoring ureolytic activity. This article reviews the applicability of urease in Agriculture and Engineering; explaining the producing microorganisms involved in the process; the kinetic properties of urease; the problems related to the volatilization of ammonia in agriculture and the applicability of urease through the MICP (Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation) technique in Engineering, through the biocimentation of soils and the biomeneralization or immobilization of toxic metals through the MICP technique. Therefore, it was possible to conclude that in agriculture the problem with volatilization of ammonia can be controlled through inhibitors such as NBPTU and SuperU, acting directly in the NH3 emission control. In Engineering, the MICP technique is efficient in improving the geomechanical properties of predominantly sandy soils, with the use of microorganisms native to these soils. Furthermore, the bioremediation and encapsulation of toxic metals by the MICP technique is efficient, however, it requires improvement on studies about the monitoring of leaching of extremely mobile toxic metals, such as Cr6+, during the application process of the biocement solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
14. DIFERENTES TEXTURAS DE SOLO SOB EFEITO RESIDUAL DA MISTURA FORMULADA DIURON + HEXAZINONE + SULFOMETURON-METÍLICO.
- Author
-
FREITAS, Angélica Padilha and SANTOS, Andressa da Silva
- Subjects
- *
CLAY soils , *CUCUMBERS , *SANDY soils , *WEED control , *DIURON , *EFFECT of herbicides on plants , *CLAY , *SUGARCANE growing - Abstract
The use of pre-emergent herbicides with prolonged residual effect on the soilis one of the factors that provide great efficiency in the control of the weeds. This study objected to evaluate the residual activity of the formulated mixture diuron + hexazinone + sulfometuron-methyl in different doses in soils of sandy and clayey textures. Two experiments were realized out, one for each soil, adopting the factorial scheme 2 x 8 + 1 with three repetitions. Two doses (0.605 + 0.170 + 0.014 and 1.072.07 + 0.302 + 0.025 kg ha-1 of diuron + hexazinone + respectively) at eight times (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 and 140 days, between the application of the formulated mixture and the bioindicator sowing) and another control without application. At 20 and 40 days after sowing of the bioindicator Cucumis sativus, phytotoxification was carried out. Using the non-linear log-logistic model, the t1/2 of the formulated mixture was determined for the two soils studied. In the soil of clay texture, t1/2 of 101 days was obtained, while for the sandy soil the t1/2 of the formulated mixture was of 52 days, for both doses. The prolonged residual effect on clayey soils may be an essential tool in the management of weeds in sugarcane. However, in sandy soils, smaller doses should be used because of the lower residual effect of the mixture and, consequently, avoid environmental contamination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Avaliação do funcionamento de barraginhas em solos de textura média e arenosa.
- Author
-
Rodrigues Aragão, Victor, Ferreira Brito, Adrielle, de Souza, Ana Clara Soares, and Rodrigues Versiani Júnior, Emílio
- Subjects
- *
SANDY soils , *SOIL classification , *SOIL texture , *DAMS , *SOIL infiltration , *SEDIMENTS - Abstract
The present study sought to evaluate the functioning of different infiltration dams in the community of Abóboras, in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, in soils of medium and sandy texture. The methodology established considered the following criteria to be evaluated: current conditions of size, soil grading for classification of textures and determination of basic infiltration rate calculations. The results indicated that the eight dams evaluated in the study are compromised, with those identified as number 3 and 8 having rates farther from the ideal (30 mm.h-1) - 11.33 mm.h-1 for dam 3 and 11.99 mm.h-1 for dam 8. Data obtained regarding soil textures and dimensions reflected a strong convergence to the infiltration rates, leading to the conclusion that more than 25% of the evaluated systems exhibited medium soil grading, and sediment accumulation due to lack of monitoring was evident, with a reduction in the mean depth from 1.5 m to 0.32 m in 11 years. It was possible to conclude that the soils of the systems have high infiltration capacities, however, their structures are operating with overload, requiring maintenance, which should be performed with a periodicity of 5 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Caso Exuberante de Larva Migrans Cutânea.
- Author
-
Tavares Rodrigues, Felipe, Aziz Silva, Patrícia Gomes, Macedo D´Acri, Antonio, and José Martins, Carlos
- Subjects
- *
SCIENTIFIC literature , *SANDY soils , *PRACTICE (Sports) , *LEG , *TROPICAL medicine - Abstract
Cutaneous larva migrans (CML) is a dermatozoonosis characterized by a rash of erythematous lesions, usually prominent, papulo-vesiculous, linear or serpiginous, and most often pruritic. It is caused by penetration and intraepidermal migration of three possible species of nematode larvae. The highest rates of transmission occur in tropical coastal regions, where larvae can migrate freely in sandy soils and where hot temperatures and humidity are ideal for their viability. A case of a 51-year-old male patient who developed a pruritic skin rash on the back, flank, iliac fossa and lower limb on the right is reported. The injuries appeared about seven days after the practice of sport and leisure on turf field. After reviewing the scientific literature, we analyzed the epidemiological, parasitological, clinical, laboratory and therapeutic aspects inherent to the topic of cutaneous larva migrans. It is a common dermatological disease in tropical and subtropical countries, being very important its prompt recognition and therapeutic management for rapid cure with low morbidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. ANÁLISE DA HOMOGENEIDADE DE AMOSTRAS BIOCIMENTADAS ATRAVÉS DE MICROTOMOGRAFIA A RAIO-X.
- Author
-
Dalbosco Gehlen, Ânderson and Donato, Maciel
- Subjects
- *
X-ray computed microtomography , *SANDY soils , *DATA distribution , *SAND , *SOILS , *BIOFERTILIZERS - Abstract
The search for sustainable methods of reinforcement in soils, provided a study on a technique of biocimentation, in sandy soil. According to recent studies on biocementation, there is much to be studied about homogeneity (MONTOYA et al., 2012), and in some studies such as of (CHENG E CORDRUWISCH, 2012) report the occurrence of cementation at certain depths, but do not present data of the porous distribution in the structure. Through these considerations, this research sought to analyze the homogeneity of soil biocementation, with sand of Osório/RS, constructing parameters to portray biocementation in the x-ray microtomography, model InspeXio SMX-90CT, of brand Shimadzu. Because it is a non-destructive analysis equipment, making its analysis of greater interest for researchers that intend to contribute with study of the biocementation technique. Obtaining with these scans the distribution of homogeneity in the biocemented structure. Comparing the void volumes with the reports obtained in the microtomograph the x-ray of the soil composed of Osório/RS sand, without addition of biostimulating agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Characterization, agricultural potential, and perspectives for the management of light soils in Brazil
- Author
-
Guilherme Kangussu Donagemma, Pedro Luiz de Freitas, Fabiano de Carvalho Balieiro, Ademir Fontana, Silvio Túlio Spera, José Francisco Lumbreras, João Herbert Moreira Viana, José Coelho de Araújo Filho, Flávia Cristina dos Santos, Manoel Ricardo de Albuquerque, Manuel Cláudio Motta Macedo, Paulo Cesar Teixeira, André Julio Amaral, Elisandra Bortolon, and Leandro Bortolon
- Subjects
agricultural aptitude ,fragile soils ,management and conservation ,Neossolos Quartzarênicos (Quartzipsamments) ,sandy soils ,soil fertility management ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Abstract Light soils occupy 8% of the Brazilian territory and are especially expressive in the new and last agricultural frontier in Brazil: the Matopiba region - in the states of Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí, and Bahia -, where they represent 20% of the area. These soils fit into the textural classes of sand and loamy sand or sandy loam, down to 0.75-m soil depth or deeper, and they are mainly represented by Neossolos Quartzarênicos (Quartzipsamments) and, partly, by Latossolos (Oxisols) and Argissolos (Ultisols). The understanding of soil functioning depends on the establishment of distinguishing criteria for: organic matter dynamics; content and mineralogy of the clay fraction; coarse sand and total sand contents, in relation to those of fine sand; mean diameter of the sand fraction; and water retention capacity. These criteria can contribute for the zoning and for the conservation and fertility management of light soils, as well as for the estimation of their agricultural potential. Integrated production systems, such as crop-livestock and crop-livestock-forestry integration, besides no-tillage with crop rotation, mixed forestry planting with legumes, and the use of green manure and cover crops are relevant for the proper management of these soils. The objective of this review was to characterize light soils and to highlight the main challenges regarding their agricultural potential and their conservation and fertility managements, in face of the expansion and consolidation of the new Brazilian agricultural frontier.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Efeitos da irrigação localizada na granulometria e em atributos químicos de um Neossolo Quartzarênico cultivado com coqueiro anão Effect of localized irrigation on granulometry and chemical attributes of a Quartzipsamment soil cultivated with dwarf coconut
- Author
-
Francisco Alisson da Silva Xavier, Rodrigo de Castro Tavares, Gleidson Vieira Marques, Fábio Miranda Rodrigues, and Teógenes Senna de Oliveira
- Subjects
Cocos nucifera ,Fertirrigação ,Perímetro irrigado ,Salinização ,Solo arenoso ,Fertirrigation ,Irrigated lands ,Salinization ,Sandy soils ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da irrigação localizada sobre a granulometria, pH e teores de nutrientes de um Neossolo Quartzarênico cultivado com coqueiro anão em área de perímetro irrigado no estado do Ceará. O estudo foi conduzido no campo experimental da Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical/CNPAT, situado no município de Paraipaba, CE. Foram selecionadas e amostradas duas áreas sob fertirrigação utilizando microaspersores do tipo difusor e rotativo. Comparações foram feitas entre pontos definidos na área sob influência da irrigação e pontos fora da área de alcance do microaspersor. Amostras de solo foram coletadas nas distâncias horizontais de 0,30; 0,60; 0,90; 1,20; 1,50; 1,80; 2,10; 2,40 e 2,70 m a partir da planta, nas profundidades de 0-10; 10-20; 20-30; 30-40 e 40-50 cm. Foram quantificados os teores de areia, silte e argila; os teores de Ca2+, Mg2+ e K+ trocáveis, P disponível, pH e a condutividade elétrica do extrato de saturação. Na área do emissor tipo difusor ocorreu aumento significativo de 1% nos teores de argila em subsuperfície, o que pode estar associado ao processo de dispersão das argilas pela presença de Na+ trocável na água de irrigação. A irrigação favoreceu acúmulo de Ca2+, Mg2+ e P disponíveis nas proximidades dos microaspessores em superfície, e de Na+ em profundidade. O acréscimo de Na+ em profundidade implica em um potencial risco de salinização, sugerindo que o manejo da irrigação deve considerar não somente o tipo de microaspersor, mas especialmente a qualidade da água de irrigação e as características físicas e químicas do solo.The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of located irrigation on the soil granulometry, pH and nutrient contents of a Quartzipsamments soil cultivated with dwarf coconut. The study was conducted at the experimental station of Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical/CNPAT, located at Paraibapa County, state of Ceará, Brazil. Two areas under fertirrigation using two models of microsprinklers (diffuser and rotative) were selected. Comparisons were made between irrigated area and non-irrigated area. Soil samples were taken from horizontal distances of 0.30; 0.60; 0.90; 1.20; 1.50; 1.80; 2.10; 2.40 e 2.70 m from each plant in the 0-10; 10-20; 20-30; 30-40 e 40-50 cm layers. The measured soil variables were sand, silt and clay contents; available Ca2+, Mg2+, K+ and P; pH and soil electrical conductivity. In the area adopting diffuser microsprinkler occurred an increase of 1% in the clay content at the soil subsurface, which may be attributed to clay dispersion process due to the presence of available Na+ ions in the irrigation water. The fertirrigation favored accumulation of Ca2+, Mg2+ e P at the neighborhood of the microsprinklers in the soil surface, and increase of available Na+ in the deeper soil layers. The increase of Na+ in the soil profile suggests the increase of potential hazard of soil salinization, thus the management of irrigation must consider not only the type of microsprinkler but also the quality of water used in the irrigation associated to the soil physical and chemical properties.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Respuesta del trigo a la fertilización nitrogenada y nitroazufrada en suelos arenosos Wheat response to nitrogen and nitrogen with sulfur fertilization in sandy soils
- Author
-
Mirian Barraco, Martín Díaz-Zorita, Cristian Brambilla, Cristian Álvarez, and Carlos Scianca
- Subjects
Nutrición mineral ,Hapludoles ,Haplustoles ,Textura arenosa ,Siembra directa ,Mineral nutrition ,Hapludolls ,Haplustolls ,Sandy soils ,No-till ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
Abundantes estudios desarrollados en suelos con texturas gruesas muestran incrementos significativos en la producción de trigo al incrementarse la oferta de nitrógeno (N) del suelo y en algunos casos respuestas positivas al agregado de azufre (S). No obstante, la relación entre respuestas a ambos nutrientes y las condiciones de respuesta a la fertilización azufrada no son consistentes. El objetivo de este trabajo fue cuantificar la respuesta de cultivos de trigo a la fertilización con N y con NS y su relación con algunas propiedades edáficas en suelos arenosos. El estudio se desarrolló en 34 sitios de producción de trigo bajo prácticas de labranza cero en la región de la pampa arenosa (Argentina). Se evaluaron 3 tratamientos de nutrición: i) control (sin fertilizar), ii) 140 kg de N ha-¹ [N suelo (0-40 cm) + N fertilizante], iii) 140 kg de N ha-¹ [N suelo (0- 40 cm) + N fertilizante] + 12 kg de S ha-¹. En todos los sitios se observó respuesta significativa al agregado de N con un incremento promedio de 949 kg ha-¹ con respecto al tratamiento control. Para S, si bien la respuesta media fue de 232 kg ha-¹, sólo en el 38% de los casos (13 sitios) se observaron aumentos de rendimiento por la adición de dicho nutriente, relacionándose positivamente con la respuesta a la fertilización con N. Esta respuesta fue independiente de los contenidos de materia orgánica (MO) (p = 0,61), de S-S0(4) ²- (p = 0,29), de N-N0(3) - (p = 0,47) disponibles al momento de la siembra o de arena de los suelos (p = 0,90). No obstante, la respuesta disminuyó en la medida que se incrementaron los rendimientos máximos. Se concluye que en sitios deficitarios en N, la respuesta al agregado de S es de mayor magnitud y frecuencia en condiciones de productividad limitada.Numerous studies conducted on coarse-textured soils show, significant and positive wheat yield responses when soil nitrogen (N) availability is increased, and occasional positive yield responses to sulfur (S) additions. However, the available information is not consistent for the diagnosis and analysis of the marginal contribution of S on wheat grain responses in combination with N fertilization. Thus, the objective of this study was to quantify the yield response of dryland wheat crops to N and NS fertilization and to determine the relationship between yield response and several soil properties in sandy soils. The study consisted in 34 field experiments within the semiarid and subhumid sandy pampas region (Argentina) managed under no-tillage practices. Three treatments were evaluated: i) control (without fertilization), ii) 140 kg of N ha-¹ [N-NO3 soil (0-40 cm) + N fertilizer], iii) 140 kg of N ha-¹ [N-NO3 soil (0- 40 cm) + N fertilizer] + 12 kg of S ha-¹. A positive response to N fertilization was observed in every experimental site. Mean grain yield response to the application of N was 949 kg ha-¹. Although the mean grain yield response to S fertilization was 232 kg ha-¹, only 38% of the sites (13 sites) showed a significant response to this treatment. Crop response to S fertilization was not related to soil organic matter (p = 0.61), sand content (p = 0.90), soil extractable S-S0(4) ²-(p = 0.29), nor soil N-N0(3) -(p = 0.47) levels. Furthermore, it decreased with increasing maximum grain yields and it was positively related to crop responses to N fertilization. We conclude that in coarse textured soils with significant N limitations, wheat responses to S fertilization are greater and more common in low productivity sites.
- Published
- 2009
21. Checklist de Angiospermas do Parque Estadual de Itaúnas, Espírito Santo, Brasil.
- Author
-
de O. Souza, Wenia, Machado, Jéssica O., Tognella, Mônica M. P., and Alves-Araújo, Anderson
- Abstract
This paper provides a floristic inventory of Angiosperms reported from Parque Estadual de Itaúnas, Espírito Santo, Brazil. The inventory was performed with fortnightly fieldwork from 2012 to 2015. The samples collected are available at the herbarium VIES. A checklist with 562 species, from 345 genera and 110 families is provided. Lifeforms categories were established: shrubs and trees; terrestrial herbs; herbaceous and woody climbers; epiphytes and hemiepiphytes; aquatic herbs, parasites (holo- and hemi-), and myco-heterotrophs (saprophytes). Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, Cyperaceae, Rubiaceae, Bromeliaceae, Apocynaceae, Orchidaceae, Poaceae, Bignoniaceae, and Melastomataceae presented the greatest species richness. The genera Eugenia (16 spp.) (Myrtaceae), Passiflora (10 spp.) (Passifloraceae), Myrcia (9 spp.) (Myrtaceae), Cyperus (7 spp.), and Chamaecrista (Fabaceae) and Miconia (Melastomataceae) (6 spp., each) presented the greatest species richness. Most of the previous checklists elaborated in the Espírito Santo state have underestimated plant species diversity. This floristic inventory confirms the ecological value of the restingas in the Atlantic Forest located at Parque Estadual de Itaúnas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Nutritional dynamics in response to supplementary fertilization in eucalyptus forests in the Cerrado of Mato Grosso do Sul state
- Author
-
Bellotte, João Leonardo Miranda, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Nogueira, Thiago Assis Rodrigues [UNESP], and Teixeira Filho, Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto [UNESP]
- Subjects
Twin Plots ,Solos arenosos ,Sandy soils ,Eucalyptus spp ,Volume de madeira ,Parcelas gêmeas ,Fertilization management ,Manejo da adubação ,Volume of wood - Abstract
Submitted by João Leonardo Miranda Bellotte (jl.bellotte@bol.com.br) on 2020-12-02T17:13:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 bellotte_jlm_me_ilha.pdf: 2357624 bytes, checksum: 45e4c0f6bc35ad24078ac2dddd01e193 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Raiane da Silva Santos (raiane.santos@unesp.br) on 2020-12-02T23:17:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 bellotte_jlm_me_ilha.pdf: 2357624 bytes, checksum: 45e4c0f6bc35ad24078ac2dddd01e193 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-02T23:18:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 bellotte_jlm_me_ilha.pdf: 2357624 bytes, checksum: 45e4c0f6bc35ad24078ac2dddd01e193 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-10-02 O Cerrado Sul-Mato-Grossense tem se tornado destaque na produção de eucalipto. No entanto, os solos localizados nessa região, em sua maioria, possuem baixa fertilidade e textura arenosa. Estes parâmetros de qualidades físico-químicas do solo fazem com que o manejo nutricional dos povoamentos florestais se torne imprescindível para que se obtenha elevadas produtividades. Assim, para o correto manejo nutricional torna-se fundamental conhecer o potencial produtivo, o estoque dos nutrientes no solo bem como a dinâmica dos nutrientes no sistema solo-planta. Neste contexto, foram desenvolvidos os seguintes estudos: i) PRODUTIVIDADE ATINGIVEL DE POVOAMENTOS DE EUCALIPTO LOCALIZADOS NO CERRADO DO MATO GROSSO DO SUL, objetivando avaliar a produtividade atingível na região da Costa Leste do Mato Grosso do Sul, utilizando o delineamento em parcelas gêmeas com duas taxas de adubação: (a) aplicação de 1500 kg ha-1 de calcário aos 6 meses após o plantio, 308 kg ha-1 de 05-23-06+5%S+0,3B+0,6Cu+0,6Zn em profundidade no sulco de plantio, 208 kg ha-1 do fertilizante formulado 11-00-22+12S+0,8B aos 3 meses após o plantio e 200 kg ha-1 de 06-00-38+5S+0,8B aos 9 meses após o plantio; (b) adubação anterior com acréscimo da adubação suplementar aos 24 meses após o plantio aplicando 2000 kg ha-1 de calcário, 304 kg ha-1 de 08-28-08+5%S+0,3B+0,6Cu+0,6Zn e 550 kg ha-1 de 06-00-38+5S+0,8B, sendo avaliado exclusivamente a produtividade por intermédio do inventário florestal; e ii) DINÂMICA NUTRICIONAL DE EUCALIPTOS CULTIVADOS NO CERRADO DO MATO GROSSO DO SUL EM FUNCAO DA PRODUÇÃO INICIAL E ADUBACAO SUPLEMENTAR, com o objetivo de estudar a influência da produtividade inicial e da aplicação da adubação suplementar no estado nutricional, partição de biomassa e densidade básica da madeira, no qual foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com tratamentos dispostos em esquema fatorial 2 x 5, sendo duas taxas de adubação – correspondentes ao estudo (i) e cinco volumes de madeira aos 24 meses de idade (27,4; 40,0; 49,4; 75,5 e 85,8 m3 ha-1). De modo geral, os resultados demonstraram que a adubação suplementar não afetou os teores de nutrientes nas folhas e a densidade básica da madeira. Por outro lado, aumentou a biomassa do lenho e da parte aérea total. A produtividade atingível foi equivalente a 41,6 m3 ha-1 ano-1. The Cerrado Sul-Mato-Grossense is an important region for eucalyptus production despite the low fertility and sandy texture of regional soils. The physical-chemical parameters of these soils make forest nutrient management essential for high productivity. Thus, it is important to evaluate the potential yield, nutrient management, and the cycling of nutrients through the soil-plant system. In this context, the following studies were conducted: i) ACHIEVABLE YIELD OF EUCALYPTUS SETTLEMENTS LOCATED IN THE CERRADO OF MATO GROSSO DO SUL, which used a twin plots design with two fertilization rates: a) application of 1500 kg ha-1 of limestone, 208 kg ha-1 of the formulated fertilizer 11-00-22+12S+0.8B, 200 kg ha-1 of 06-00-38+5S+0.8B, and 308 kg ha-1 05-23-06+5% S+0.3B+0.6Cu+0.6Zn and (b) application of 3500 kg ha-1 of limestone, 208 kg ha-1 of 11-00-22+12S+0.8B, 200 kg ha-1 from 06-00-38+5S+0.8B and 612 kg ha-1 from 05-23-06+5%S+0.3B+0.6Cu+0.6Zn, and the productivity was evaluated exclusively through the forest inventory; and ii) NUTRITIONAL DYNAMICS OF EUCALYPTUS GROWN IN THE CERRADO OF MATO GROSSO DO SUL AS A FUNCTION OF INITIAL PRODUCTIVITY AND SUPPLEMENTARY FERTILIZATION, in which a randomized complete block design was used, with treatments arranged in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, with two fertilization rates – relative to the study (i) and five initial wood volumes (27.4; 40.0; 49.4; 75.5, and 85.8 m3 ha-1). The objective of the studies was to (i) evaluate the eucalyptus achievable yield in the Costa Leste region of Mato Grosso do Sul and (ii) verify the influence of the initial productivity and application of supplementary fertilization on nutrition, biomass partitioning, and wood quality. Overall, our results demonstrated that the leaf nutrient concentration and the wood basic density were not affected by the treatments. Conversely, the wood biomass and the total shoot increased because of each increment in eucalyptus fertilization. The achievable yield was equivalent to 41.6 m3 ha-1 year-1.
- Published
- 2020
23. Soil chemical quality in agricultural land uses in the semiarid of Bahia
- Author
-
Janielle Souza Pereira, Alessandra Monteiro Salviano, Sálvio Napoleão Soares Arcoverde, Stefeson Bezerra de Melo, Vanderlise Giongo, Nelci Olszevski, Tony Jarbas Ferreira Cunha, ALESSANDRA MONTEIRO SALVIANO, CPATSA, Nelci Olszevski, UNIVASF, Sálvio Napoleão Soares Arcoverde, UFGD. Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias (FCA)., Stefeson Bezerra de Melo, UFGD, VANDERLISE GIONGO, CPATSA, TONY JARBAS FERREIRA CUNHA, CPATSA, and Janielle Souza Pereira, UFERSA.
- Subjects
Soil management ,Soil science ,lcsh:Agriculture ,Agricultural land ,Organic matter ,Elemento Químico ,análise multivariada, atributos químicos, manejo do solo ,Solo Arenoso ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Atributo químico ,Sandy soils ,business.industry ,lcsh:S ,General Medicine ,Soil quality ,Exchangeable sodium ,Chemical quality ,chemistry ,Multivariate analysis ,Agriculture ,Soil water ,Manejo do Solo ,Environmental science ,Multivariate statistical ,business ,Lago de Sobradinho - Abstract
stract: The aim of this work is to define indices of soil chemical quality in intense agricultural activity area surrounding Sobradinho Lake, State of Bahia, Brazil, by means of multivariate statistical techniques. Based on the factor scores, it was determined soil chemical quality index for depths of 0-0.10, 0.10-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m, respectively, classifying soils as good, fair and poor, according to the performance of its attributes. Then realized the Discriminative Analysis in order to validate the results obtained and, knowing the chemical soil attributes that influence and are associated with soil quality in agriculture of the region. In this way, among the main results could be observed that the attributes exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and organic matter (OM) stood out as indicators of soil quality. The ESP was the more important attribute in discrimination models in the depths of 0.00-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m and OM in the 0.20-0.40 m layer. These variables are the main responsible for discrimination and classification of soil groups. In general, the chemical quality of soils is not considered ideal mainly due to the low contents OM and the extremely sandy texture, denoting environmental fragility. Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-05T23:51:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 artigosalvio2018agrarian.pdf: 594713 bytes, checksum: 622c444685c46d2d91fa95f8dc7298c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-12-05
- Published
- 2018
24. Efeito da aplicação de vácuo no desempenho de diferentes modelos de gotejadores sob duas condições de textura de solo.
- Author
-
Coelho, Rubens D., dos Santos Júnior, Jorge L. C., Mendoza, Christian J., Ribeiro, Pedro H. P., Cunha, Fernando N., and Teixeira, Marconi B.
- Subjects
SOIL texture ,MICROIRRIGATION ,VACUUM ,SOIL particles ,SANDY soils ,CLAY soils - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Efeitos da irrigação localizada na granulometria e em atributos químicos de um Neossolo Quartzarênico cultivado com coqueiro anão.
- Author
-
da Silva Xavier, Francisco Alisson, Tavares, Rodrigo de Castro, Marques, Gleidson Vieira, Rodrigues, Fábio Miranda, and de Oliveira, Teógenes Senna
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista Ciência Agronômica is the property of Revista Ciencia Agronomica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. INFLUÊNCIA DO AZOTO NO CRESCIMENTO DA CEBOLA ANTES DO INICIO DA FORMAÇÃO DO BOLBO.
- Author
-
de Almeida Machado, Rui Manuel, Frazão Alpendre, Pedro, Shahidian, Shakib, and Azevedo Jesus, Ricardo
- Subjects
ONIONS ,NITROGEN ,ROOT growth ,SANDY soils ,BIOMASS ,PLANT shoots ,HUMUS - Abstract
Copyright of Revista de Ciências Agrárias is the property of Sociedade de Ciencias Agrarias de Portugal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
27. Tolerância da cultura do tomate à salinidade do solo em ambiente protegido.
- Author
-
Medeiros, Pedro R. F., Duarte, Sergio N., Uyeda, Cláudio A., Silva, Ênio F. F., and de Medeiros, José F.
- Subjects
TOMATOES ,SOIL salinity ,EFFECT of salts on plants ,FERTILIZER application ,BLOCK designs ,SANDY soils ,PROTECTED areas - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Adubação orgânica e inorgânica de batatinha em solos arenosos: Produtividade, nutrientes na planta e lixiviação.
- Author
-
de Oliveira, Fabio F., Salcedo, Ignacio H., and Galvão, Sandra R. S.
- Subjects
ORGANIC fertilizers ,POTATOES ,SANDY soils ,PLANT productivity ,SOIL testing ,PLANT nutrients ,SOIL leaching - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Estimativa da umidade na capacidade de campo em solos sob Cerrado.
- Author
-
Andrade, Rui da S. and Stone, Luís F.
- Subjects
SOIL moisture measurement ,CERRADOS ,ORGANIC compounds ,SANDY soils ,SOIL permeability ,SOIL porosity ,SOIL horizons ,SOIL texture - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Influência da concentração de extratos hidrofóbicos na repelência à água em solos arenosos.
- Author
-
Cambronero, Yorleni Chang, de Freitas Maia, Claudia Maria Branco, Dedecek, Renato Antônio, and Hansel, Fabrício Augusto
- Subjects
- *
SANDY soils , *SOIL moisture , *LOBLOLLY pine , *HYDROPHOBIC compounds , *EXTRACTS - Abstract
Soil water repellency has been reported worldwide being most extremes cases observed in sandy soils. Soil water repellency is accepted to be caused by recovering of soil particles by hydrophobic compounds originated from plant decomposition. This work aimed to evaluate the influence of concentration of hydrophobic extracts from a forest soil under Pinus taeda on water repellency of sandy soil with different organic matter content. Hydrophobic compounds were extracted from a severely hydrophobic Lithosol, using chloroform:acetone, followed by isopropanol:ammonia. The water drops penetration time test (WDPT) was applied in dried samples under four temperatures, seven treatments (sand with 0%; 3%; 6.5%; 6.5% + 10% of humic acid (AH); 6,5% + 30% of AH; 6.5% + 50% of AH; and 10% of charcoal as organic matter), and three levels of hydrophobic extract. The extracted material induced hydrophobicity in all treatments, in variable intensity, but lower than those found in the original Lithosol. Treatments with extract level 1 (2.88 g kg-1) presented the highest times of water repellency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Fontes e parcelamento do nitrogênio em cobertura, na cultura do milho sob plantio direto.
- Author
-
De M. Cardoso, Susiane, Soratto, Rogério P., Da Silva, Ângela H., and De Mendonça, Cristiane G.
- Subjects
- *
EFFECT of nitrogen on plants , *NITROGEN in soils , *NO-tillage , *BLOCK designs , *SANDY soils ,CORN soils - Abstract
The effect of the split-application of different sidedressed nitrogen sources on maize crop under zero tillage, in a sandy soil, was evaluated. A randomized block design was used in a factorial scheme of 3x3+1, with four replications. Treatments consisted of three nitrogen sources (urea, urea extruded with starch (Amiréia® 180S) and ammonium sulfonitrate with nitrification inhibitor of 3.4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (Entec® 26)), three nitrogen split-application (120, 60+60 e 40+40+40 kg ha-1, applied as sidedressing, when the plants showed 4, 8, and 12 expanded leaves, respectively), and one control (without sidedressed N). Entec® applied in a unique dose when plants had 4 expanded leaves resulted in greater N concentration on the maize leaves. Sidedressing nitrogen application resulted in higher plant and ear heights, number of grains per ear and grain yield. Sidedressing nitrogen split-application did not influence the yield components and grain yield of the maize crop grown under zero tillage in sandy soil, regardless of the nitrogen source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Disponibilidade de micronutrientes catiônicos em solo arenoso após adubação orgânica.
- Author
-
da Silva, Tácio Oliveira and Menezes, Rômulo Simões Cezar
- Subjects
- *
SANDY soils , *ORGANIC fertilizers , *ANIMAL waste , *TRACE element analysis , *TRACE elements in agriculture , *SOIL sampling - Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare extracting solutions (Mehlich-1, Mehlich-3 and DTPA-TEA pH 7.3) for zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe), available in an Entisol fertilized for six years with crotalaria and/or goat manure. The organic fertilization treatments applied in the potato crop were: 1) goat manure (15 Mg ha-1); 2) green manure with Crotalaria juncea L.; 3) Combination of half of the dose of goat manure (7.5 Mg ha-1) with green manure with Crotaria juncea L. and 4) witness (without fertilization). The experiments were conducted from 1996 to 2003, with the exception of 1998 and 1999 due to drought. In 2003 soil samples were collected and analyzed at layers 0-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m in depth. The greatest concentrations of the elements Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe were detected for the extracting solutions Mehlich-1 and Mehlich-3. In general, the average concentration of these elements decreased in depth, except for the Fe, with extractors Mehlich-1 and DTPA-TEA. Positive correlations between the solutions Mehlich-1 and Mehlich-3 were observed for all the studied elements, except Fe. The available micronutrients concentration quantified in the Entisol, after a long term organic fertilization, fit in the medium to high levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Biorremediação de um solo contaminado com antraceno sob diferentes condições físicas e químicas.
- Author
-
Jacques, Rodrigo Josemar Seminoti, da Silva, Kelly Justin, Bento, Fátima Menezes, and de Oliveira Camargo, Flávio Anastácio
- Subjects
- *
BIOREMEDIATION , *SOIL pollution , *ANTHRACENE , *POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons , *SOIL moisture , *SANDY soils , *SOIL composition , *NITROGEN , *PHOSPHORUS , *SULFUR - Abstract
The anthracene, as well as the others polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), can be removed from the soil by bioremediation, whose efficiency is limited under unfavorable physical and chemical conditions to the survival and activity of the microbial degraders. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of pH, water content, and nitrogen, phosphorus, iron and sulfur concentrations in the bioremediation of a soil contaminated with anthracene. Samples of a sandy soil were contaminated in laboratory with anthracene (500mg kg-1) and the mineralization was evaluated by respirometry. The highest anthracene mineralization was verified in the soil with the highest water content and pH value studied. The addition of 100kg ha-1 nitrogen in the soil and the consequent reduction of CPAH-N ratio to values lesser than 120:17 reduced anthracene mineralization. The increase of phosphorus iron and sulfur availability and wide CPAH-P (120:1 to 120:22) ratios in the soil did not influence anthracene mineralization. The pH correction and appropriate water supply made possible the bioremediation of the soil polluted with anthracene in a short period of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. FIXAÇÃO BIOLÓGICA DO NITROGÊNIO E CRESCIMENTO DE PLANTAS DE LEUCENA (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit.) SOB SALINIDADE.
- Author
-
Freire, Antonio Lucineudo De Oliveira, Rodrigues, Teresinha De Jesus Deléo, and De Miranda, José Romilson Paes
- Subjects
NITROGEN fixation ,PLANT growth ,LEAD tree ,SALINITY ,SANDY soils ,SALTS ,POTS ,TILLAGE ,LEUCAENA - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Caatinga is the property of Revista Caatinga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2010
35. Avaliação dos componentes de produção em variedades crioulas de fava cultivadas no Agreste da Paraíba
- Author
-
Silva, Samuel Inocêncio Alves da, Souza, Tancredo, Santos, Djail, and Souza, Renato Francisco da Silva
- Subjects
Solos arenosos ,Sandy soils ,Phaseolus lunatus L ,crop yield ,Produtividade - Abstract
Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar a performance de genótipos no rendimento e nas componentes de rendimento em feijão fava produzidas em duas épocas com objectivo de selecionar as que se revelarem altamente produtivas e adaptadas as condições do local de estudo. Para tal foi realizado um experimento de campo em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial (nove variedades vs. dois anos de cultivos) e quatro blocos. Foram avaliados comprimento e largura da vagem, vagens.planta-1, sementes.vagem-1, massa de 100 sementes e produtividade de grãos. As variedades Cara Larga, Eucalipto, Rosinha e Roxinha apresentaram os maiores valores de vagens.planta-1. A variedade Orelha de Vó se destacou quanto a massa de 100 sementes e produtividade de grãos. Correlações negativas foram encontradas entre massa de 100 sementes, vagens.planta-1 e sementes.vagem-1. As variáveis sementes.vagem-1, massa de 100 sementes e vagens.planta-1 são úteis para estimar a produtividade variedades crioulas de fava avaliadas. The aims of this study were: (i) to evaluate the yield of lima bean landraces; (ii) to determine the dissimilarities among landraces of lima bean; and (iii) to assess linear correlations among the yield components of lima bean landraces grown on sandy soils of the Brazilian semi-arid. A field experiment was carried out using a randomized block design with eighteen treatments (nine lima bean landraces vs. two years of cultivation) with four blocks. We evaluated pod length and width, pods.plant-1, seeds.pod-1, one-hundred seed weight and yield. Cara Larga, Eucalipto, Rosinha and Roxinha landraces presented the highest values of pods.plant-1. Orelha de Vó presented the highest one-hundred seed weight and yield. Negative correlations were found between one-hundred seed weight, pod.plant-1 and seeds.pod-1. The yield components seeds.pod-1, one-hundred seed weight and pods.plant-1 are useful components to estimate yield of lima bean landraces.
- Published
- 2019
36. Residual stresses estimations: application to a classic case of instrumented piles in sand
- Author
-
Quito, Vivian Souza, Danziger, Bernadete Ragoni, Maria, Paulo Eduardo Lima de Santa, Pacheco, Marcus Peigas, and Marques, Fernando Eduardo Rodrigues
- Subjects
Sandy soils ,Case study ,Fundações Profundas ,Structural analysis ,Estudo de caso ,Estacas cravadas em areia ,Conical-shape piles ,ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL [CNPQ] ,Residual stresses ,Piles driven in sand ,Solos arenosos ,Deep Foundations ,Análise estrutural ,Engenharia civil ,Civil engineering ,Tensões residuais ,Estacas tronco-cônicas - Abstract
Submitted by Boris Flegr (boris@uerj.br) on 2021-01-06T19:03:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Vivian Souza Quito.pdf: 10655269 bytes, checksum: ab6c5e83acdc4c25ae1ce2138c0d52f2 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-01-06T19:03:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vivian Souza Quito.pdf: 10655269 bytes, checksum: ab6c5e83acdc4c25ae1ce2138c0d52f2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-20 Residual stresses arise along the pile shaft and toe after the end of driving or after unloading in a static test. Although these stresses do not interfere in the load capacity of the piles, they can greatly modify the load transfer and, therefore, the behavior of the pile when submitted to the service load. The prediction of the residual loads has been the subject of research by several authors, having already been proven that the driving simulation, carried out in a sufficient time for the stabilization of the displacements in the pile, is a suitable tool for this purpose. The Unipile commercial program, among other applications, is usually used in practice also for the analysis of residual stresses. The objective of the present research was to perform a critical discussion to the Unipile and its capacity of prediction of the residual stresses. Initially, an attempt has been made to understand the program's ability by comparing the results of its application with a parametric analysis previously elaborated by Costa (1994), using the driving simulation to estimate the residual stresses. After pointing about some of the constraints of the Unipile program, a classical case contemplating instrumented piles including the measurement of residual stresses was analyzed by both programs: the driving simulation program and the Unipile program. The author compares and discusses the two calculation tools, their results, highlighting their potentialities and limitations. Although not being part of the initial main objective, the author also discusses the results of the instrumented loading tests, which had not been, at the time of publication, widely explored. The lack in interpretation was due, probably, to its execution been taken place long ago, when more recent knowledge was not available. The author then revisited and discussed some results in the light of newer publications. As tensões residuais surgem ao longo da ponta e do fuste das estacas após cessada a cravação ou após descarregamento, num ensaio estático. Embora estas tensões não interfiram na capacidade de carga das estacas, elas poderão alterar bastante a transferência de carga e, portanto, o comportamento da estaca para a carga de serviço. A previsão das cargas residuais tem sido objeto de pesquisa de vários autores, já tendo sido comprovado que a simulação da cravação, realizada num intervalo de tempo suficiente para a estabilização dos deslocamentos na estaca, é uma ferramenta adequada a esta finalidade. O programa comercial Unipile, entre outros objetivos, costuma ser usado na prática também para a análise de tensões residuais. A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo um olhar crítico acerca do Unipile e sua capacidade de previsão das tensões residuais. Inicialmente, procurou-se entender a habilidade do programa, comparando os resultados de sua aplicação a uma análise paramétrica elaborada por Costa (1994), utilizando a simulação da cravação para a estimativa das tensões residuais. Após o conhecimento de alguns condicionantes do programa Unipile, um caso de obra clássico, com estacas instrumentadas contemplando a medida das tensões residuais, foi analisado por ambas as ferramentas: o programa de simulação da cravação e o programa Unipile. A pesquisa compara e discute as duas ferramentas de cálculo, seus resultados, destacando suas potencialidades e limitações. Embora não fazendo parte do objetivo inicial, a pesquisa também discute os resultados dos ensaios estáticos do banco de dados, que não foram, na ocasião, amplamente explorados. Por se tratar de instrumentação mais antiga, a autora procurou revisitar e interpretar os resultados, à luz de conhecimentos mais recentes.
- Published
- 2018
37. Taxonomic criteria for spodic horizon in the Brazilian Soil Classification System: revision and extension of nomenclature and definitions
- Author
-
Menezes, Andressa Rosas de, Anjos, L?cia Helena Cunha dos, Fontana, Ademir, Pereira, Marcos Gervasio, and Oliveira, Aline Pacobahyba de
- Subjects
Solos arenosos ,SiBCS ,Sandy soils ,Atributos diagn?sticos ,Spodosols ,Agronomia ,Diagnostic attributes ,Espodossolos - Abstract
Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2020-12-15T14:44:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Andressa Rosas de Menezes.pdf: 1083053 bytes, checksum: c33440d524ccdb18f04d08982e5f2a7b (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-15T14:44:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Andressa Rosas de Menezes.pdf: 1083053 bytes, checksum: c33440d524ccdb18f04d08982e5f2a7b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-18 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico, CNPq, Brasil According to the Brazilian Soil Classification System (SiBCS), spodic horizons are defined by the illuvial accumulation of humified organic matter combined with aluminum, and it may or may not contain iron. However, the lack of limits of values for the diagnostic attributes makes it difficult to identify the spodic horizon, and it is essential to review and amplify the taxonomic criteria. In this sense, the objective is to review the taxonomic criteria for the spodic horizon in the SiBCS. Based on bibliographical research, profiles of Spodosols were reclassified according to the current version of SiBCS, and the information of the morphological, physical and chemical attributes was registered in a spreadsheet. The spodic horizons are predominantly sandy, acidic, and with a low sum of bases and base saturation. The lack of limit values of the attributes in the SiBCS allows for the identification of horizons that present alkaline pH, high bases saturation and very low content of C org, as in the profiles of Pantanal region. Thus, the minimum values of organic carbon content (C org) ? 5 g kg-1 and pH ? 5,9 are suggested for the definition of the spodic horizons. The Bs (m) horizons have lower C org values, corroborating with the SiBCS definitions. However, the lack of criteria for Fe oxides accumulation in the Bs (m) and Bhs (m) horizons makes it impossible to propose a consistent classification for this criteria. In addition, the lack of data on the extraction of pedogenetic oxides in most the spodic horizons of the profiles in the database prevents the determination of quantitative criteria of these attributes that might be implemented in future versions of SiBCS. The color patterns are shown to be functional to separate the Bs horizons from the others because they present color values and chroma ? 4, and C org contents lower than 20 g kg-1. The spodic horizons with value and chroma < 4 and without morphological evidence of illuvial accumulation of amorphous iron can be separated according to C org content in: Bh - accumulation of C org < 20 g kg-1; B ? - prominent accumulation of iluvial organic matter with C org ? 20 g kg-1. In the soils with a hystic (H) surface horizon, the spodic horizons have relatively low C org, whereas in the surface horizons with high levels of C org such as A humic and A prominent, and in the environments with better drainage the content of C org in subsurface is superior in relation to profiles with other surface horizons types. In the profiles under hydromorphic conditions, the spodic horizon starts slightly closer to the surface. In the Coastal Tablelands profiles, because the highest clay content of the sediments that originated the soils, there is greatest accumulation of organic matter in the spodic horizon. On the other hand, in the Amazon region profiles, the fluvial environment favors the losses of organic matter from the system and the equatorial climate leads to intense cycling and the least accumulation of C org in the spodic horizon. In the High Mountain Ranges condition, the influence of the Fe and Al oxides was much higher when compared to the other environments, possibly due to the higher amounts of Al and Fe released directly from the rocks. The SiBCS taxonomic classification of Spodosols is based on subjective criteria, and less discriminating in the separation of the individuals evaluated. Meanwhile, the proposal of classification - 2nd categorical level: Ferril?vicos, Humil?vicos and Hiper-Humil?vicos; 3rd categorical level: D?ricos, Ar?nicos, Espessar?nicos, ?rticos - allowed the equitable distribution of profiles within the proposed classes. De acordo com o Sistema Brasileiro de Classifica??o de Solos (SiBCS) os horizontes B esp?dico s?o definidos pelo ac?mulo iluvial de mat?ria org?nica humificada combinada com alum?nio, podendo ou n?o conter ferro. No entanto, a falta de valores limites dos atributos diagn?sticos dificulta a identifica??o do horizonte B esp?dico, sendo imprescind?vel a revis?o e amplia??o dos seus crit?rios taxon?micos. Diante disso, apresenta-se como objetivo rever os crit?rios taxon?micos para o horizonte B esp?dico no SiBCS. A partir de pesquisa bibliogr?fica, foram selecionados perfis de Espodossolos reclassificados conforme a atual vers?o do SiBCS, registrando-se em uma planilha eletr?nica os atributos morfol?gicos, f?sicos e qu?micos. Os horizontes B esp?dicos s?o predominantemente arenosos, ?cidos, de baixa soma e satura??o por bases. A falta de valores limites dos atributos no SiBCS permite a identifica??o de horizontes que apresentam pH alcalino, elevada satura??o por bases e muito baixo teor de C org, como nos perfis identificados no Pantanal. Neste sentido, ? sugerido o teor m?nimo de carbono org?nico (C org) ? 5 g kg-1 e pH ? 5,9 para defini??o dos horizontes B esp?dico. Os horizontes Bs(m) apresentam menores teores de C org, corroborando com as defini??es do SiBCS, contudo a falta de crit?rios quanto ao ac?mulo de ?xidos de Fe nos horizontes Bs(m) e Bhs(m) impossibilita uma classifica??o coerente para esta defini??o. Al?m disso, a falta de dados de extra??o de ?xidos pedogen?ticos na maioria dos B esp?dicos impede a proposi??o de crit?rios quantitativos para estes atributos que possam vir a ser implementados em futuras vers?es do SiBCS. Os padr?es de cor mostram-se funcionais para separar os horizontes Bs dos demais por apresentar cores de valor e croma ? 4, bem como teores de C org menores que 20 g kg-1. Os B esp?dicos de valor e croma < 4 e sem evid?ncias de ac?mulo iluvial de ferro amorfo na morfologia podem ser separados quanto ao teor de C org em: Bh ? ac?mulo de C org at? 20 g kg-1; B ? ? ac?mulo proeminente de mat?ria org?nica iluvial com C org ? 20 g kg-1. Em solos com horizonte superficial H h?stico, os horizontes B esp?dico apresentam relativamente baixos teores de C org, ao passo que nos horizontes superficiais com altos teores de C org como o A h?mico e A proeminente e em ambientes de melhor drenagem o teor de C org em subsuperf?cie ? superior em rela??o demais solos com outros tipos de horizontes superficiais. Em perfis com condi??es de hidromorfismo o B esp?dico inicia-se ligeiramente mais pr?ximo ? superf?cie. Nos perfis no ambiente dos Tabuleiros Costeiros, pelo maior teor de argila dos sedimentos de origem, h? maior ac?mulo de mat?ria org?nica no B esp?dico. Por outro lado, os Espodossolos da Amaz?nia, o ambiente fluvial favorece a sa?da da mat?ria org?nica do meio e o clima equatorial propicia a intensa ciclagem e menor ac?mulo de C org no horizonte B esp?dico. J? no ambiente de Campos de Altitude foi verificada a iluvia??o de ?xidos de Fe e Al muito superior em rela??o aos demais ambientes, possivelmente em fun??o das maiores quantidades de Al e Fe liberadas diretamente das rochas. A atual classifica??o taxon?mica dos Espodossolos se baseia em crit?rios subjetivos e ? pouco discriminante na separa??o dos indiv?duos avaliados. Enquanto, a proposta de classifica??o ? 2? n?vel categ?rico: Ferril?vicos, Humil?vicos e Hiper- Humil?vicos; 3? n?vel categ?rico: D?ricos, Ar?nicos, Espessar?nicos, ?rticos ? permitiu distribui??o equitativa dos perfis dentro das classes propostas.
- Published
- 2017
38. SOILS AND GEOENVIRONMENTS OF THE NATIONAL PARK OF VIRUÁ AND SURROUNDING, RORAIMA: INTEGRATED VISION OF THE LANDSCAPE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICE
- Author
-
Mendonça, Bruno Araujo Furtado de, Fernandes Filho, Elpídio Inácio, Schaefer, Carlos Ernesto Gonçalves Reynaud, Simas, Felipe Nogueira Bello, Vale Junior, José Frutuoso do, Lisboa, Beatriz de Aquino Ribeiro, and Mendonça, Júlia Gaio Furtado de
- Subjects
carbon stocks ,lcsh:Agriculture ,Amazônia ,estoque de carbono ,lcsh:S ,lcsh:SD1-669.5 ,sandy soils ,campinaranas ,solos arenosos ,lcsh:Forestry ,Amazon ,Campinaranas - Abstract
RESUMO O Parque Nacional (PARNA) do Viruá ocupa 227.011 ha., na região do baixo Rio Branco, Roraima. A região compreende um extenso mosaico de ambientes complexos inundáveis, florestais e não florestais. Este trabalho teve como objetivo geral detalhar os aspectos pedológicos e geoambientais do Parque e entorno, em uma visão integrada da paisagem e, além disso, estimar o estoque de carbono nos solos e geoambientes. Foram descritos e coletados 29 perfis de solos nas principais fitofisionomias de Campinaranas e Florestas do Parque e entorno. Destacaram-se os seguintes: Espodossolo Humilúvico, Neossolo Quartzarênico, Neossolo Flúvico, Neossolo Litólicos, Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo, Latossolo Vermelho, Cambissolo Háplico, Cambissolo Flúvico, Gleissolo Háplico e Plintossolo Háplico. Os solos apresentaram distribuição espacial com limites abruptos e com forte associação entre as fitofisionomias. Foram agrupados em três pedoambientes: (1) solos arenosos das campinaranas, (2) solos associados aos inselbergs e adjacências e (3) solos aluviais. Foram mapeadas e descritas 18 unidades geoambientais no Parque e entorno. Os geoambientes predominantes no Parque foram: Planícies Arenosas e Paleodunas com Campinarana Graminosa e Arbustiva em Neossolos Quartzarênicos hidromórficos e Espodossolos; e Planícies de Inundação e Terraços com Floresta de Igapó sobre solos hidromórficos arenosos, com respectivamente 24,6 % e 20,1 % da área estudada. Em termos de estoque total de carbono nos solos, destacaram-se os geoambientes dos complexos arenosos das Campinaranas e associações, com 9450,9 Gg C. A grande extensão e representatividade dos complexos arenosos das Campinaranas fazem do PARNA Viruá uma Unidade de Conservação de proteção integral com forte vocação para preservação e conservação de sistemas arenícolas amazônicos. As áreas sob o domínio de Espodossolos possuem os maiores estoques de carbono orgânico e os complexos arenosos das Campinaranas e associações representam os geoambientes mais relevantes na prestação de serviços ambientais de conservação do carbono nos solos. ABSTRACT The Viruá National Park (PARNA Viruá) occupies 227.011 ha, in the region of the low 'Branco' river, in Roraima state. This area includes an extensive mosaic of complex seasonally flooded forested and non- forested environments. The present work aimed to characterize pedological aspects and identify the geo- environmental units of the Park and surroundings, in an integrated vision of the landscape and,additionally, estimate the carbon stocks in soils and geo-environments. We described and collected 29 soil profiles according with the main vegetation types of Campinaranas and Forests of PARNA Viruá and surroundings. The main soil classes are: Espodossolo Humilúvico, Neossolo Quartzarênico, Neossolo Flúvico, Neossolo Litólicos, Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo, Latossolo Vermelho, Cambissolo Háplico, Cambissolo Flúvico, Gleissolo Háplico and Plintossolo Háplico. The soils present an spatial distribution marked by abrupt limits and close association with the vegetation type. We identified three pedo-environments: (1) sandy soils of the Campinaranas; (2) soils associated with the inselbergs and adjacencies; and (3) alluvial soils. We mapped and described 18 geoenvironmental units in PARNA Viruá National Park and surroundings. The main geo- environments are: i) Sandy plains and Paleodunes with grassy and arborous Campinarana on 'Neossolos Quartzarênicos hidromórficos' and 'Espodossolos'; and Floodplains and; ii) Terraces with Igapó Forest on sandy hydromorphic soils, occupying 24.6 % and 20.1 % of the studied area, respectively. In terms of total soil carbon stocks, the geo-environments of the sandy complex of Campinaranas and associations stand out, with 9450.9 Gg C. The great extension and representativeness of the sandy areas of Campinaranas characterize PARNA Viruá Park as an important conservation unit for protecting Amazonian sandy soil systems. The areas under the domain of 'Espodossolos' possess the largest stocks of organic carbon and the sandy areas of Campinaranas and associations represent the most relevant geo-environment in terms of Park protecting environmental services and conservation of carbon in soils.
- Published
- 2013
39. Checklist of Angiosperms from Parque Estadual de Itaúnas, Espírito Santo, Brazil
- Author
-
Jéssica O. Machado, Mônica Maria Pereira Tognella, Wenia de Oliveira Souza, and Anderson Alves-Araújo
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Melastomataceae ,Plant Science ,restingas ,Horticulture ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Floristics ,Floristic inventories ,neotropics ,lcsh:Botany ,Inventários florísticos ,Botany ,Myrcia ,sandy soils ,Chamaecrista ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,biology ,Myrtaceae ,biology.organism_classification ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Herbarium ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Miconia ,Species richness ,neotrópicos ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Resumo Um checklist das espécies de Angiospermas provenientes do Parque Estadual de Itaúnas, Espírito Santo, Brasil é apresentado. As coletas foram realizadas quinzenalmente durante o período de 2012 a 2015 e as amostras botânicas estão depositadas no Herbário VIES. Os resultados estão apresentados em forma de lista com um total de 562 espécies distribuídas em 345 gêneros e 110 famílias com suas respectivas formas de vida: arbustos e árvores; ervas terrestres; trepadeiras; epífitas e hemiepífitas; ervas aquáticas, parasitas (holo- e hemi-) e micoheterótrofas (saprófitas). Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, Cyperaceae, Rubiaceae, Bromeliaceae, Apocynaceae, Orchidaceae, Poaceae, Bignoniaceae e Melastomataceae são as famílias mais ricas em número de espécies. Os gêneros Eugenia (16 spp.) (Myrtaceae), Passiflora (10 spp.) (Passifloraceae), Myrcia (9 spp.) (Myrtaceae), Cyperus (7 spp.), Chamaecrista (Fabaceae) e Miconia (Melastomataceae) (6 spp., cada) são os mais representativos. A maioria dos checklists anteriormente realizados para o Espírito Santo apresenta números subestimados para a diversidade taxonômica de plantas. Os resultados aqui evidenciados confirmam a enorme importância ecológica das restingas na Mata Atlântica do Parque Estadual de Itaúnas. Abstract This paper provides a floristic inventory of Angiosperms reported from Parque Estadual de Itaúnas, Espírito Santo, Brazil. The inventory was performed with fortnightly fieldwork from 2012 to 2015. The samples collected are available at the herbarium VIES. A checklist with 562 species, from 345 genera and 110 families is provided. Lifeforms categories were established: shrubs and trees; terrestrial herbs; herbaceous and woody climbers; epiphytes and hemiepiphytes; aquatic herbs, parasites (holo- and hemi-), and myco-heterotrophs (saprophytes). Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, Cyperaceae, Rubiaceae, Bromeliaceae, Apocynaceae, Orchidaceae, Poaceae, Bignoniaceae, and Melastomataceae presented the greatest species richness. The genera Eugenia (16 spp.) (Myrtaceae), Passiflora (10 spp.) (Passifloraceae), Myrcia (9 spp.) (Myrtaceae), Cyperus (7 spp.), and Chamaecrista (Fabaceae) and Miconia (Melastomataceae) (6 spp., each) presented the greatest species richness. Most of the previous checklists elaborated in the Espírito Santo state have underestimated plant species diversity. This floristic inventory confirms the ecological value of the restingas in the Atlantic Forest located at Parque Estadual de Itaúnas.
- Published
- 2016
40. Características e morfologia de crostas biológicas de solo em areais do sudoeste do Rio Grande do Sul
- Author
-
Webber, Carla Lisiane, Bremer, Ulisses Franz, and Werner, Vera Regina
- Subjects
Sandy soils ,Lichens ,Pampa ,Mosses ,Composição florística ,Biological soil crusts ,Biodiversity ,Cyanobacteria ,Ensaios [Solo arenoso] ,Cianobactérias - Abstract
O presente estudo propõe-se em investigar os componentes das crostas biológicas de solo (CBS) visando compreender o comportamento e as inter-relações das CBS em areais do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), no extremo meridional do Brasil. Pode ser entendido como uma análise exploratória de CBS existentes em nos areais do bioma Pampa, no sudoeste do RS, através de levantamento florístico e de características do solo. A pesquisa visa contribuir para estudos sobre o papel desse componente biótico na pedogênese e estabilidade da superfície de solos em áreas com processos de arenização. As amostras foram coletadas em maio de 2014 e 2015 em três locais, sendo duas por sítio, nos municípios de Alegrete e São Francisco de Assis. O sítio analisado em Alegrete se constitui de um areal recoberto por plantio de eucalipto, já os sítios em São Francisco de Assis se caracterizam por areais que sofrem processos de ravinamento, um sem interferência humana e o outro com ravina estabilizada artificialmente. As costas biológicas foram coletadas com placa de Petri invertida para garantir uma profundidade máxima de 2 cm e o mesmo volume para todas as amostras. A subsuperfície do solo também foi amostrada para análises texturais e químicas. A análise do material biológico foi realizada em estereoscópio e microscópio óptico (400-1.000x) onde verificou-se que a composição florística é constituída por 13 táxons de cianobactérias destacando-se espécies filamentosas, 2 táxons de líquens e um táxon de briófitas. Os resultados mostram que a sequência de sucessão se mostrou desde estágios primários – com manchas de cianobactérias – a táxons mais evoluídos com musgos de grande espessura. Foram observadas diferentes morfologias para as CBS, seguindo os padrões taxonômicos suave, rugoso, pinacular e ondulado. As amostras de solo sub-superficiais, confirmaram a textura arenosa e baixa fertilidade dos Neossolos Quartzarênicos Órticos nos sítios de estudo. Uma conclusão geral a partir dos estudos prévios, dos materiais analisados e das observações em campo corrobora afirmações de pesquisas que alertam para a elevada suscetibilidade dos solos destes locais do Rio Grande do Sul a processos erosivos hídricos e eólicos. This study aims to investigate the biological soil crusts (BSC) components in order to understand the behaviour and the interrelations of BSC in some areais (sand deposits with no vegetation cover) of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), the southernmost Brazilian State. It can be understood as an exploratory analysis of existing BSC in Pampa geographic sites in southwestern RS through floristic survey and soil characteristics. The research aims to contribute to studies on the role of the biotic component in pedogenesis and stability of the soil surface in sites under sandification processes. The samples were collected in May 2014 and 2015 in three locations, two per site, in Alegrete and São Francisco de Assis. The analysed site in Alegrete constitutes a sandy terrain covered with eucalyptus plantation (29°42'35.48''S and 55°25'13.47"W), while the sites in São Francisco de Assis are characterized by sands that suffer processes of ravine, one without human intervention (29°30'54.98"S and 55°07'23.07"W) and the other with artificially stabilised ravine (29°23'58.85"S and 55°13'37.60"W). The biological crusts were collected with inverted Petri dish to ensure a maximum depth of 2 cm and the same volume for all samples. The soil subsurface was also sampled for textural and chemical analysis. The analysis of biological material was carried out in the stereoscope and optical microscope (400-1000x) where it was found that the floristic composition consists of 13 taxa of cyanobacteria highlighting filamentous species, 2 taxa of lichens and 1 taxon of bryophytes. The sequence of succession showed from early stages - with spots of cyanobacteria – to most advanced taxa with thick mosses. Different morphologies were observed for BSC, following the taxonomic patterns smooth, rough, pinacular and wavy. The subsurface soil samples confirmed the sandy texture and low fertility of the Psamments in the study sites. general conclusion from previous studies of the analysed materials and field observations corroborates research statements that warn of the high susceptibility of soils from these sites in Rio Grande do Sul to water and wind erosion, so this study recommends adoption of maximum care of soil conservation for whatever the intended use of the studied areas.
- Published
- 2016
41. Physical Quality of Soils in Agricultural Use in the Semiarid Region of the State of Bahia
- Author
-
Vanderlise Giongo, Nelci Olszevski, Alessandra Monteiro Salviano, Stefeson Bezerra de Melo, Janielle Souza Pereira, Sálvio Napoleão Soares Arcoverde, Tony Jarbas Ferreira Cunha, SÁLVIO NAPOLEÃO SOARES ARCOVERDE, UNIVASF, ALESSANDRA MONTEIRO SALVIANO MENDES, CPATSA, NELCI OLSZEVSKI, UNIVASF, STEFESON BEZERRA DE MELO, Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido, TONY JARBAS FERREIRA CUNHA, CPATSA, VANDERLISE GIONGO, CPATSA, and JANIELLE DE SOUZA PEREIRA.
- Subjects
Entorno do Lago de Sobradinho ,Soil Science ,factor analysis ,Soil science ,Relative weight ,atributos físicos ,solos arenosos ,análise fatorial ,physical properties ,Soil ,indicador de qualidade ,Organic matter ,quality indicator ,sandy soils ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,Management practices ,Hydrology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,business.industry ,Linear discriminant analysis ,Soil quality ,Bulk density ,lcsh:S1-972 ,Água ,Solo ,chemistry ,Agriculture ,Soil water ,Environmental science ,business ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
RESUMO A conversão de uma condição natural para uma de uso agrícola pode impor mudanças em atributos, propriedades e processos do solo e trazer consequências ambientais para a região de sua abrangência. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade física do solo em áreas agrícolas de municípios do entorno do lago de Sobradinho, região semiárida do Estado da Bahia, tendo como ferramenta técnicas estatísticas de análise multivariada. Inicialmente, aplicaram-se as análises estatísticas descritiva e de correlação e o teste de normalidade, que serviram como pressupostos para realizar análise fatorial e estimativa dos escores fatoriais. Com base nesses, determinou-se o índice de qualidade física de solo para as profundidades de 0,00-0,10; 0,10-0,20; e 0,20-0,40 m, respectivamente, cujo principal objetivo foi classificar os solos como bom, regular e ruim, de acordo com o desempenho dos seus atributos físicos. Em seguida, realizou-se a análise discriminante para validação dos índices construídos a partir dos resultados da análise fatorial, bem como conhecer os atributos físicos do solo que influenciam e estão associados à qualidade desse na área agrícola da região. A densidade do solo (Ds), macroporosidade (Ma) e microporosidade (Mi) foram os atributos que se destacaram como indicadores de qualidade, pois apresentaram maior peso relativo nos modelos de discriminação dos sítios amostrados: Ds, Ma e Mi, nas camadas de 0,00-0,10 e 0,10-0,20 m; e Mi e Ds, de 0,20-0,40 m, sugerindo que nas condições estudadas essas variáveis são as principais responsáveis pela qualidade física dos solos. No geral, a qualidade física do solo não foi considerada ideal, fato que pode ser atribuído às práticas de manejo adotadas e, sobretudo, aos baixos teores de matéria orgânica e à textura extremamente arenosa, conferindo fragilidade aos solos da região. ABSTRACT Conversion of a natural condition to agricultural use can impose changes in soil properties and processes and bring environmental consequences to the region this agricultural use encompasses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical quality of the soil in agricultural areas of municipalities around Sobradinho Lake, a semiarid region in the State of Bahia, using multivariate analysis statistical techniques as a tool. Initially, descriptive statistical analysis and correlation analysis techniques and the normality test were applied, which served as prerequisites for performing factor analysis and estimation of factor scores. Based on that, we determined the soil physical quality index for soil depths of 0.00-0.10, 0.10-0.20, and 0.20-0.40 m, the main objective being to classify soils as good, fair, and poor, according to the performance of their physical properties. Discriminant analysis was then carried out with the objective of validating the results obtained from the indices constructed with the results of factor analysis, as well as determining the physical soil properties that influence and are associated with soil quality in the agricultural areas of the region. Soil bulk density (Ds), macroporosity (Ma), and microporosity (Mi) were the properties that stood out as quality indicators, because they showed greater relative weight in the discrimination models of the sites sampled: Ds, Ma, and Mi in the 0.00-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m layers, and Mi and Ds in the 0.20-0.40 m layer, suggesting that under the conditions studied, these variables are primarily responsible for the physical quality of the soil. Overall, the physical quality of the soil is not considered ideal, which may be attributed to the management practices adopted and, especially, to low levels of organic matter and the extremely sandy texture of the soil, rendering fragility to soils of the region.
- Published
- 2015
42. Atributos Físicos, Macro e Micromorfológicos de Neossolos Regolíticos no Agreste Meridional de Pernambuco
- Author
-
Antonio Celso Dantas Antonino, Marcelo Metri Corrêa, José Romualdo de Sousa Lima, Kleber Régis Santoro, Eduardo Soares de Souza, and Alison Van Der Linden de Almeida
- Subjects
lamelas ,lamellae ,Soil Science ,sandy soils ,solos arenosos ,micromorfologia ,micromorphology ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,lcsh:S1-972 ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
RESUMO Neossolos Regolíticos no Agreste Meridional de Pernambuco são utilizados para diversas atividades agrícolas, com destaque para a produção de feijão. Há uma variação expressiva na produção dessa cultura, possivelmente associada à presença de lamelas, que conferem comportamento hídrico distinto entre esses solos. Objetivou-se analisar as características macromorfológicas, micromorfológicas e físicas de Neossolos Regolíticos localizados no Agreste Meridional de Pernambuco, com a finalidade de se entender o comportamento hídrico desses solos. Foram coletados e analisados dois perfis de solos localizados nos municípios de Paranatama (P1 - sem lamela) e de São João (P2 - com lamela). Os resultados mostraram que nos atributos morfológicos (cor, textura, estrutura e consistência) não foram observadas diferenças expressivas entre os dois perfis de solos; os atributos físicos (teor de argila, macroporosidade, microporosidade, capacidade de campo e ponto de murcha permanente) apresentaram diferença significativa entre os horizontes dos perfis estudados; a micromorfologia indicou que a maior retenção de água no P2 é consequência da presença de zonas com empacotamento mais denso de seus componentes (empacotamento aglomerático) e expressividade das pontes de argila; e sugere-se adoção do termo “lamélico” pelo atual Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos (em 4º nível categórico) para diferenciação dos perfis estudados. ABSTRACT Regosols in the Agreste Meridional region of Pernambuco, Brazil, are used for various agricultural activities, and prominent among them is production of common bean. An expressive variation is perceived in common bean crop yield, possibly associated with the presence of lamellae, which make for distinct water fluxes among these soils. The objective was to analyze the macro- and micromorphological, and physical characteristics of the Regosols located in the Agreste Meridional region of Pernambuco to understand the water fluxes in these soils. Two soil profiles, located in the municipalities of Paranatama (P1 - absence of lamellae) and São João (P2 - presence of lamellae) were collected and analyzed. In the morphological properties (color, texture, structure, and consistency) no significant differences between the two soil profiles were observed; the physical properties (clay content, macro- and microporosity, field capacity, and wilting point) exhibited significant differences among the horizons of the profiles studied; micromorphology indicates that greater water retention in P2 is a consequence of the presence of areas with denser packing of their components (agglomerative packing), and expressiveness of clay bridges; and we suggest adoption of the term “lamellic” within the current Brazilian System of Soil Classification (in the 4th categorical level) for differentiation of the soil profiles studied.
- Published
- 2015
43. RELAÇÃO ENTRE ATRIBUTOS FÍSICOS E QUÍMICOS DOS SOLOS E A PRODUTIVIDADE DE CAPIM DOURADO NA REGIÃO DO JALAPÃO, TO
- Author
-
Helena Maria de Paula Santana, Edson Eyji Sano, Manuel Pereira De Oliveira Junior, Marilusa Pinto Coelho Lacerda, and Juaci Vitória Malaquias
- Subjects
Hydrology ,biology ,Soil test ,Syngonanthus nitens ,Soil Science ,Forestry ,solos arenosos ,biology.organism_classification ,regressão múltipla ,lcsh:S1-972 ,Local economy ,sandy soils ,multivariate regression ,Quadratic regression model ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,Transect ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Water content ,Mathematics ,Capim dourado ,vereda - Abstract
Na região do Jalapão, no Estado do Tocantins, existem grandes áreas contínuas de Neossolos Quartzarênicos, com desenvolvimento do capim dourado (Syngonanthus nitens),espécie nativa utilizada na confecção de artesanatos nessa região, possuindo destacada importância na economia local. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a relação entre os atributos físicos e químicos dos solos e a produtividade de capim dourado nos Campos Limpos Úmidos associados às Veredas no Parque Estadual do Jalapão. Foram coletadas amostras de solo e escapos de capim dourado e realizadas medições de declividade do terreno ao longo de caminhamento ou transeções perpendiculares às linhas de drenagem das Veredas selecionadas para o estudo. Foram identificados três tipos principais de solos ao longo das transeções: Neossolo Quartzarênico órtico típico, Neossolo Quartzarênico hidromórfico típico e Organossolo Háplico fíbrico típico. A produtividade de capim dourado foi analisada por meio de modelos de regressão múltipla, envolvendo 26 variáveis dos solos. Em razão da significância, o modelo final ficou constituído por seis dessas variáveis: pH, Mg2+, Ca2+, areia fina, argila e umidade do solo. O modelo de regressão quadrática múltipla envolvendo essas seis variáveis contemplou R2 de 0,85 e R2 ajustado de 0,81 da relação avaliada, onde a umidade dos solos foi a variável mais importante. In the Jalapão region, State of Tocantins, Brazil, there are large contiguous areas of Neossolos Quartzarênicos (Tropsamments). Golden grass (Syngonanthus nitens) is a native species widely used as material for handicrafts in the region, and it is therefore of great importance for the local economy. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between soil physical and chemical properties and golden grass yield in Campos Limpos Úmidos within Jalapão State Park (Parque Estadual do Jalapão). We collected soil samples and golden grass scapes and made slope measurements along the transects perpendicular to the drainage lines. We identified three soil units: Neossolo Quartzarênico órtico típico, Neossolo Quartzarênico hidromórfico típico, and Organossolo Háplico fíbrico típico (Orthpsamment, Hydropsamment, and Hydrofibrist, respectively). Multiple regression models involving 26 variables further portrayed golden grass yield. Six of these variables subsequently proved to be of greatest significance and constituted the final model: pH, Mg2+, Ca2+, fine sand, clay, and soil moisture. The multiple quadratic regression model involving these six variables considered an R2 of 0.85 (adjusted R2of 0.81) of the relationship evaluated. Soil moisture was the most important variable.
- Published
- 2015
44. Pedogenesis in a topo-climosequence in the Agreste region of Pernambuco
- Author
-
Carlos Roberto Pinheiro Junior, Marcos Gervasio Pereira, Ademir Fontana, Lucia Raquel Queiroz Pereira da Luz, and Thaís de Andrade Corrêa Neto
- Subjects
Relief ,Micromorphology ,Sandy soils ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
ABSTRACT The Borborema Plateau is characterized by different stages of relief evolution, which modify the climate and vegetation, and where high-altitude tropical forests can be seen surrounded by caatinga. The aim of this study was to characterize the soils of a topo-climosequence in the Agreste region of the State of Pernambuco, and evaluate the influence of the relief and climate on the pedogenesis. A topo-climosequence was selected, and trenches were opened in the geomorphological features of high-altitude forest (P1), between forest and pediplane (P2) and on a pediplanation surface (P3 and P4). A morphological description and a physical, chemical and micromorphological characterization were carried out. In general, the soils are sandy, with the predominance of a single-grain structure or weak aggregation. Higher values for pH, S, V% and assimilable P were found on the lower parts of the landscape. From the micromorphological analysis, the incipient development of pedogenic structures was detected in the C horizon in P1 and P3, clay translocation in P2 and the degradation of iron micronodules in P4. The P1 and P3 profiles were classified as Neossolos Regolíticos Distróficos espessarênicos (Regolsols), the P2 profile as a Argissolo Amarelo Distrófico típico (Alisol), and P4 as an Planossolo Háplico Eutrófico arênico (Planosol). Soil variation in the landscape was determined by climate, relief and parent material. Micromorphology was efficient in detecting attributes not seen in the field, such as incipient aggregation in the Neossolos Regolíticos (Regosols) and the degradation of iron micronodules in the Planossolo Háplico (Planosol).
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Checklist de Angiospermas do Parque Estadual de Itaúnas, Espírito Santo, Brasil
- Author
-
Wenia de O. Souza, Jéssica O. Machado, Mônica M.P. Tognella, and Anderson Alves-Araújo
- Subjects
Floristic inventories ,neotropics ,sandy soils ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Resumo Um checklist das espécies de Angiospermas provenientes do Parque Estadual de Itaúnas, Espírito Santo, Brasil é apresentado. As coletas foram realizadas quinzenalmente durante o período de 2012 a 2015 e as amostras botânicas estão depositadas no Herbário VIES. Os resultados estão apresentados em forma de lista com um total de 562 espécies distribuídas em 345 gêneros e 110 famílias com suas respectivas formas de vida: arbustos e árvores; ervas terrestres; trepadeiras; epífitas e hemiepífitas; ervas aquáticas, parasitas (holo- e hemi-) e micoheterótrofas (saprófitas). Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, Cyperaceae, Rubiaceae, Bromeliaceae, Apocynaceae, Orchidaceae, Poaceae, Bignoniaceae e Melastomataceae são as famílias mais ricas em número de espécies. Os gêneros Eugenia (16 spp.) (Myrtaceae), Passiflora (10 spp.) (Passifloraceae), Myrcia (9 spp.) (Myrtaceae), Cyperus (7 spp.), Chamaecrista (Fabaceae) e Miconia (Melastomataceae) (6 spp., cada) são os mais representativos. A maioria dos checklists anteriormente realizados para o Espírito Santo apresenta números subestimados para a diversidade taxonômica de plantas. Os resultados aqui evidenciados confirmam a enorme importância ecológica das restingas na Mata Atlântica do Parque Estadual de Itaúnas.
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Variation in pedological characteristics and the taxonomic classification of argissolos (ultisols and alfisols) derived from sedimentary rocks
- Author
-
Fabrício de Araújo Pedron, Ricardo Simão Diniz Dalmolin, and Alessandro Samuel-Rosa
- Subjects
Multivariate statistics ,análise multivariada ,SiBCS ,Soil Science ,Mineralogy ,Soil science ,solos arenosos ,Ultisol ,classificação numérica ,lcsh:S1-972 ,Texture (geology) ,C content ,Central region ,morfologia ,multivariate analysis ,Principal component analysis ,morphology ,Cation-exchange capacity ,numerical classification ,Soil horizon ,sandy soils ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Mathematics - Abstract
Trabalhos têm apontado demandas em relação ao conhecimento da variação pedológica de Argissolos. Essa variação pode ser analisada pela estatística multivariada - também responsável pela classificação numérica dos dados. A comparação entre a classificação numérica e a classificação hierárquica pode contribuir para a evolução do Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos (SiBCS). Os objetivos deste trabalho foram analisar a variação pedológica de Argissolos derivados de materiais sedimentares na Depressão Central do Rio Grande do Sul e validar a estrutura da ordem dos Argissolos do SiBCS por meio da interpretação da classificação numérica. Foram considerados 42 perfis de Argissolos derivados da Formação Santa Maria e da Formação Caturrita, na região central do Rio Grande do Sul. O estudo foi realizado por meio da análise das componentes principais e da análise de agrupamento. Foram determinadas cinco componentes principais, com poder de explicação de 84,3 % da variância dos dados, representadas de um a cinco pelas variáveis: teor de areia, matiz (cor), saturação por bases, atividade da argila e teor de C orgânico total. A análise de agrupamento separou os perfis de Argissolos em três grupos principais. O grupo A apresentou perfis com drenagem deficiente, derivados das três rochas consideradas neste trabalho. O grupo B, derivado exclusivamente dos arenitos das Formações Santa Maria e Caturrita, mostrou perfis bem drenados, porém com menor teor de argila, maior gradiente textural e menor capacidade de troca de cátions potencial em relação ao grupo C. Este grupo apresentou perfis bem drenados, alíticos e com teores de argila superiores em relação aos demais grupos, derivados, predominantemente, do lamito da Formação Santa Maria. A classificação numérica validou a estrutura do SiBCS para a ordem dos Argissolos. Contudo, a análise de agrupamento evidenciou aspectos morfológicos importantes e ainda não considerados pelo SiBCS em nível categórico elevado (grande grupo), como a variação na espessura e textura do horizonte A ou A + E, o teor de argila no horizonte B e o gradiente textural nos perfis de Argissolos. There is lack of research on Argissolos (Ultisols and Alfisols) in relation to theunderstanding of the pedologic variations. Variations can be analyzed by multivariate statisticsand the data numerically classified. The comparison between the numeric classification andthe hierarchical classification can contribute to the evolution of the Brazilian Soil ClassificationSystem (SiBCS). The aims of this research were to analyze the pedologic variation of Argissolosderived from sedimentary materials in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul and to validatethe organization of the order of Argissolos in the SiBCS based on the interpretation of thenumeric classification. Forty-two profiles of Argissolos in the central area of Rio Grande doSul were considered, derived from the Formation Santa Maria and Caturrita. The study wasbased on principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The principal component analysisindicated five components that explained 84.3 % of the data variance. These componentsare represented, from one to five, by the following variables: sand content, hue (color), basesaturation, clay activity and total organic C content. The cluster analysis separated the Argissoloprofiles in three main groups. The drainage of the profiles in group A was deficient. Theprofiles in group B were well-drained, but contained less clay and had a higher texture gradientand lower cation exchange capacity than group C with well-drained profiles, high Al contentand higher clay content than the other groups. The numeric classification validated the structureof the SiBCS for the order of Argissolos. However, the cluster analysis detected importantmorphologic aspects that are not considered by the SiBCS at a high categorical level (largegroup), e.g., variation in thickness and texture of the A or A + E horizon, clay content in the Bhorizon and the textural gradient in the Argissolo profiles.
- Published
- 2012
47. Remediation of sandy soils contaminated with hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons by soil vapour extraction
- Author
-
Maria C.M. Alvim-Ferraz, José Tomás Albergaria, Cristina Delerue-Matos, Faculdade de Engenharia, and Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico do Porto
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,Remediation time estimation ,Environmental remediation ,Soil vapor extraction ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Soil ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Water content ,Environmental Restoration and Remediation ,Sandy soils ,Hydrocarbons, Halogenated ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Xylene ,Environmental engineering ,General Medicine ,Contamination ,Soil type ,Hydrocarbons ,chemistry ,Soil vapour extraction ,Environmental chemistry ,Soil water ,Environmental science ,Process efficiency - Abstract
This paper presents the study of the remediation of sandy soils containing six of the most common contaminants (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene) using soil vapour extraction (SVE). The influence of soil water content on the process efficiency was evaluated considering the soil type and the contaminant. For artificially contaminated soils with negligible clay contents and natural organic matter it was concluded that: (i) all the remediation processes presented efficiencies above 92%; (ii) an increase of the soil water content led to a more time-consuming remediation; (iii) longer remediation periods were observed for contaminants with lower vapour pressures and lower water solubilities due to mass transfer limitations. Based on these results an easy and relatively fast procedure was developed for the prediction of the remediation times of real soils; 83% of the remediation times were predicted with relative deviations below 14%.
- Published
- 2012
48. Agregação e frações físicas da matéria orgânica de um argissolo vermelho sob sistemas de uso no bioma Pampa
- Author
-
Santos, Daiane Carvalho dos, Pillon, Clenio Nailto, Flores, Carlos Alberto, Lima, Cláudia Liane Rodrigues de, Cardoso, Estela Mari Cunha, Pereira, Betânia Fraga, and Mangrich, Antonio Salvio
- Subjects
eucalyptus ,eucalipto ,fracionamento físico ,physical fractionation ,solos arenosos ,sandy soils - Abstract
O emprego de sistemas agrossilvipastoris tem sido importante estratégia de uso de solos, principalmente arenosos pertencentes ao bioma Pampa. Objetivou-se, neste estudo, avaliar a agregação, o teor de C orgânico total (COT) e de N total (NT), o teor de C nas frações físicas e o grau de humificação da MO em um Argissolo Vermelho eutrófico arênico submetido a diferentes sistemas de uso no município de Alegrete, RS. As avaliações foram desenvolvidas em uma floresta homogênea de eucalipto (FH), na entrelinha do sistema agrossilvipastoril sob pastagem (SA) e em campo nativo (CN), nas camadas de 0,000-0,025 m; 0,025-0,075 m; 0,075-0,125 m; e de 0,125-0,225 m. Foram coletadas amostras deformadas de solo para a avaliação de agregados estáveis em água (AEA, %) e dos teores de COT e de NT. Foi realizado o fracionamento físico granulométrico e densimétrico da MO, sendo as frações leve livre (FLL) e fração leve oclusa (FLO) da camada superficial submetidas às análises de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier (FTIR) e Ressonância Paramagnética Eletrônica (EPR). Os AEA em todas as camadas e o diâmetro médio ponderado na camada de 0,025-0,075 m indicaram maior degradação estrutural do solo na entrelinha do SA. Teores mais elevados de COT, NT, C da fração grosseira (CFG), C associado aos minerais (CAM), FLL e FLO na camada superficial foram observados na FH. Entre os usos do solo, os espectros de FTIR foram semelhantes, contudo a FLL apresentou bandas mais intensas na região de 1.072 cm-1, sugerindo maiores quantidades de polissacarídeos em relação à FLO. As densidades de spins obtidas por EPR na FLO foram maiores em relação à FLL, indicando maior humificação desta fração. Pasture-agroforestry systems have become an important strategy for the use of sandy soils in the Pampa Biome. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the aggregation, total organic C (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN), carbon of the physical fractions and humification degree of organic matter (OM). Evaluations were conducted in an Alfisol under homogenous eucalyptus forest (HF), between the rows of a pasture-agroforestry system (PA) and in native pasture (NP) in the layers 0.000-0.025, 0.025-0.075, 0.075-0.125, and 0.125-0.225 m. Disturbed samples were collected to evaluate water-stable aggregates (WSA %), TOC and TN. The physical (granulometrical and densimetrical) fractionation of OM was carried out, and the free light fraction (FLF) and occluded light fraction (OLF) of OM in the surface layer subjected to Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) analyses. The WSA and mean weight diameter in the layer 0.025-0.075 m indicated a greater degradation of the PA soil. Higher levels of TOC, TN, coarse fraction carbon (CFC), carbon associated with minerals (CAM), FLF and OLF in the surface layer were observed in HF. Between land uses, the FTIR spectra were similar. However, the FLF had more intense bands in the region of 1072 cm-1, suggesting higher amounts of polysaccharides than in the OLF. The spin densities obtained by EPR at OLF were higher than of FLF, indicating a higher humus fraction.
- Published
- 2011
49. Vegetative development corn in function of liming and phosphate fertilization
- Author
-
Camargo, Luciano Floriano de, Tiritan, Carlos Sérgio, Calonego, Juliano Carlos, and Oliveira, Fábio Alvares de
- Subjects
Saturação por Bases ,Sandy soils ,Remaining phosphorus ,Solos Arenosos ,CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA [CNPQ] ,Saturation ,Fósforo Remanescente - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-18T17:51:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao.pdf: 387338 bytes, checksum: c7ba4433f541486a97f6a8792bc2d0c6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-05 The study aimed to determine the best interaction between base saturation (V%) and phosphorus in the implementation of the maize crop in the West Paulista in sandy soils. The study was carried out in a greenhouse in pots at the Faculty of Agronomy, University of Oeste Paulista, UNOESTE during the months of September 2009 to January 2010. The soil was an Ultisol typical dystrophic red-yellow. The experiment was conducted with the use of two base saturation levels, V% 40 (original soil) and 70% V (corrected with lime), as well as the fertilization of five doses of phosphorus, 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg dm-3. We evaluated the phosphorus in the soil by the method of anion exchange resin method and the remainder of the match, but the plant through foliar analysis. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and adjusted linear regression equations for the effect of V%, the doses of phosphorus and the interaction between them. Treatment with lime at a dose of 100 mg dm-3 phosphate gave the highest content of soluble phosphorus in the soil. For parts which are used limestone, all doses of phosphorus was higher than the portion where it was treated with lime. Treatments that had higher phosphorus content remaining doses were 75 and 100 mg dm-3from match for treatments with and without liming. The higher the dose of phosphorus, the higher the content of the element accumulated in the dry matter. For the soils of the region, the use of limestone associated with phosphorus, it was evident that at doses between 50 and 100 mg dm-3 show satisfactory results. Liming resulted in an increase in dry matter production of corn and phosphorus soluble in the soil. The levels of phosphorus increased the levels of soluble phosphorus and phosphorus remaining in the presence and absence of liming. In the absence of liming doses increased the phosphorus content of phosphorus in the plant, while the calcium in the plant were higher with the dose of 75 mg dm-3 of P2O5 in the presence and absence of liming. O trabalho teve por objetivo determinar a melhor interação entre saturação por bases (V%) e adubação fosfatada na implantação da cultura do milho no Oeste Paulista em solos arenosos. O estudo foi conduzido em Casa-de-Vegetação, em vasos, na Faculdade de Agronomia da Universidade do Oeste Paulista, UNOESTE, durante os meses de setembro de 2009 a janeiro de 2010. O solo utilizado foi um argissolo vermelho-amarelo distrófico típico. O experimento foi realizado com a utilização de duas saturações por bases, V% 40 (solo original) e V% 70 (corrigido com a calagem), como também a adubação de cinco doses de fósforo, sendo 0, 25, 50, 75, e 100 mg dm-3. Foi avaliado o fósforo no solo pelo método da resina trocadora de ânions e pelo método do fósforo remanescente, como também na planta através de análise foliar. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e ajustados as equações de regressão linear para o efeito de V%, das doses de fósforo e da interação entre ambos. O tratamento com calcário, na dose de 100 mg dm-3 de fósforo proporcionou o maior teor de fósforo solúvel no solo. Para as parcelas que foram utilizado calcário, todas as doses de fósforo encontrado foi maior que a parcela onde não recebeu calcário. Os tratamentos que apresentaram maior teor de fósforo remanescente foram com doses de 75 e 100 mg dm-3de fósforo, para os tratamentos com e sem a calagem. Quanto maior a dose de fósforo, maior o teor do elemento acumulado na matéria seca. Para os solos da região, a utilização do calcário associado ao fósforo, ficou evidenciado que nas doses entre 50 e 100 mg dm-3 apresentam resultados satisfatórios. A calagem proporcionou aumento na produção de massa seca do milho e nos teores de fósforo solúvel no solo. As doses de fósforo elevaram os teores de fósforo solúvel e fósforo remanescente na presença e na ausência da calagem. Na ausência da calagem as doses de fósforo elevaram os teores de fósforo na planta, enquanto que os teores de cálcio na planta foram maiores com a dose de 75 mg dm-3 de P2O5 na presença e ausência da calagem.
- Published
- 2011
50. Effects of physical properties of the grains of sand fraction of sandy soils and cementation agents in packing systems behavior
- Author
-
Riva, Rogério Dias Dalla, Viana, João Herbert Moreira, Costa, Liovando Marciano da, Lima, Dario Cardoso de, Soares, Ecidinéia Pinto, and Alcântara, Marco Antônio de Morais
- Subjects
Penetration resistance ,Solos arenosos ,Resistência à penetração ,Sandy soils ,Packing systems ,ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL::GEOTECNICA::MECANICAS DOS SOLOS [CNPQ] ,Permeabilidade ,Permeability ,Sistemas empacotados - Abstract
This work addressed the study of the relationship of morphometric properties of clean sand fraction of sandy soils and glass spheres with binary and ternary packing systems, as well as analyzed the influence of cementing phenomena in the mechanical strength of these systems. The research encompassed the following aspects: (i) binary and ternary packing systems; (ii) permeability in binary and ternary packing systems; (iii) tip penetration resistance in binary and ternary packing systems; (iv) tip penetration resistance in binary systems subject to action of cementation agents (hydrated lime and iron oxide); and (v) mathematical modeling of packing systems and of permeability and tip penetration resistance of packing systems, looking for statistical similarities based on model identity tests. Glass spheres and clean sand fractions of four soils collected in the State of Minas Gerais were used throughout the study. The soil samples were subjected to pre-treatment for obtaining clean sand fractions which were separated by sieving through twentyone sieve classes encompassing the diameter range of 2.000 to 0.053 mm. Results obtained supported the following conclusions: (I) the binary packing systems reached a point of maximum density using approximately 30% of smaller particles of glass spheres and clean sand fractions of the tested soils; (ii) relationships of D/d next to 7 were responsible for greater binary packing systems efficiency; (iii) a hyperbolic model was used to fit the maximum packing density data obtained from different relationships D/d; (iv) in ternary packing systems, it was observed behavioral similarity using glass spheres and clean sand fractions of the studied soils; (v) regarding binary and ternary packing systems, the coefficient of permeability was strongly influenced by the nature of the particles; (vi) a hyperbolic model was used to adjust the permeability coefficient obtained using different relationships D/d; (vii) a hyperbolic model was also used to model the variation of tip penetration resistance with depth; (viii) considering the relationship D/d equal 8, the cementation produced by hydrated lime significantly raised the tip penetration resistance of binary packing systems; and (ix) regarding the clean sand fractions of soils Cachoeira da Prata (CP) and Sete Lagoas (SL) and using the ratio D/d equal 8, the cementation by iron oxide significantly raised the tip penetration resistance of binary packing systems. Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar a relação das propriedades morfométricas da fração areia limpa de solos arenosos e esferas de vidro com os sistemas de empacotamento binário e ternário, assim como analisar a influência de fenômenos de cimentação na resistência mecânica destes sistemas. Foram avaliados os seguintes tópicos: (i) sistemas de empacotamentos binários e ternários; (ii) permeabilidade em sistemas binários e ternários; (iii) resistência à penetração em sistemas binários e ternários; (iv) resistência à penetração em sistemas binários sujeitos à ação de agentes de cimentação (cal hidratada e óxido de ferro); e (v) modelagem matemática dos empacotamentos, permeabilidade e resistência à penetração em sistemas empacotados, procurando-se determinar similaridades estatísticas em testes de identidade de modelos. Foram utilizadas esferas de vidro e frações areia limpa de quatro solos coletados no Estado de Minas Gerais. As amostras de solo foram submetidas a pré-tratamentos para obtenção da fração areia limpa e posterior peneiramento para separação em vinte e uma classes entre os diâmetros de 2,000 e 0,053 mm. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que: (i) os empacotamentos binários atingiram um ponto de máxima densidade em uma composição aproximada de 30% de partículas menores para as esferas de vidro e as frações areia limpa dos solos estudados; (ii) maiores eficiências de empacotamentos binários ocorreram em relações D/d próximas de 7; (iii) as densidades máximas de empacotamento obtidas em diferentes razões D/d permitiram ajuste dos dados pela utilização de um modelo hiperbólico; (iv) houve similaridade entre empacotamentos ternários realizados com as esferas de vidro e as frações areia dos solos estudados; (v) o coeficiente de permeabilidade foi fortemente influenciado pela natureza das partículas envolvidas nos empacotamentos binário e ternário; (vi) o coeficiente de permeabilidade obtido em diferentes razões D/d permitiu um ajuste dos dados pela utilização de um modelo hiperbólico; (vii) a resistência de ponta obtida em função da profundidade de penetração permitiu um ajuste dos dados pela utilização de um modelo hiperbólico; (viii) a cimentação por cal hidratada elevou significativamente a resistência de ponta em empacotamentos binários, na razão D/d = 8,0; e (ix) a cimentação por óxido de ferro elevou significativamente a resistência de ponta em empacotamentos binários, na razão D/d = 8,0 para a fração areia limpa dos solos Cachoeira da Prata (CP) e Sete Lagoas (SL).
- Published
- 2010
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.