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Copyright of Revista Portuguesa de Ciências do Desporto is the property of Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Desporto and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Educación Física y Ciencia is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Prescrição e Fisiologia do Exercício is the property of Instituto Brasileiro de Pesquisa e Ensino em Fisiologia do Exercicio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nutritional status is a critical determinant of athletic performance. We question whether currently available studies can give adequate information on nutritional status of endurance athletes. This paper is a critical review of articles published from 1989 to 2003 that investigate nutritional status of endurance athletes. The terms, "nutrition", "diet", or "nutrient", were combined with "endurance athletes" to perform Medline and Pubmed electronic database searches. Two inclusion criteria were considered: (a) study subjects should be adults and (b) articles should report gender-specific values for total energy expenditure and intake of energy, macro and micronutrient from food. Only seven studies fulfilled inclusion criteria. In general, the conclusions of these studies are that endurance athletes have negative energy balance, low intake of carbohydrate, adequate to high intake of protein, and high intake of fat. A critical discussion of the articles´ data on vitamins, minerals and trace elements adequacy is conducted using insights and methodology proposed by the newly published assessment and interpretation of Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). The studies evaluated give an inappropriate evaluation of the prevalence of adequacy/inadequacy of micronutrient intake among endurance athletes. In this work we indicate potential limitations of existing nutritional data, which reflects the misconceptions found in published literature on nutritional group evaluation. This review stresses the need for a comprehensive and well-conducted nutrition assessment planning to fulfill the existing gap in reliable information about micronutrient adequacy of endurance athletes.El estado nutricional es un determinante crítico del desempeño de atletas. Nos cuestionamos si los estudios actualmente disponibles pueden dar información adecuada sobre el estado nutricional de atletas de resistencia. Este trabajo es una revisión crítica de artículos publicados desde 1989 hasta 2003 que investigaron el estado nutricional de esos atletas. Los términos "nutrition", "diet" o "nutrient" fueron combinados con "endurance athletes" en las búsquedas por Medline y Pubmed. Dos criterios de inclusión fueron considerados: (a) los sujetos de estudio tenían que ser adultos y (b) los artículos tenían que reportar valores específicos por género para gasto energético total e ingestión de energía, macro y micronutrientes. Apenas siete estudios satisficieron los criterios de inclusión. En general, las conclusiones fueron que atletas de resistencia tienen balance negativo de energía, baja ingestión de carbohidratos, ingestión de proteína adecuada a alta y alta ingestión de grasas. Una discusión crítica de los datos sobre la adecuación de vitaminas, minerales y elementos traza fue conducida usando el enfoque y la metodología propuestos por las Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). Los estudios analizados dan una evaluación inapropiada sobre la prevalencia de adecuación/inadecuación de la ingestión de micronutrientes en atletas de resistencia. Las informaciones nutricionales actualmente disponibles reflejan conceptos equivocados sobre la evaluación nutricional de grupos. Enfatizamos la necesidad de planear una evaluación nutricional completa y bien conducida para suplir la falta de conocimiento en el área y contribuir con información confiable sobre la adecuación de micronutrientes de atletas de resistencia.

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biomotricity is the property of Brazilian Journal of Biomotricity and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)