Search

Submitted by Boris Flegr (boris@uerj.br) on 2021-01-07T15:11:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese completa_AndreiOlakAlves_PPGMA_2016.pdf: 13145752 bytes, checksum: c1459c88c97f611ce1e8f06ae828f19e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-01-07T15:11:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese completa_AndreiOlakAlves_PPGMA_2016.pdf: 13145752 bytes, checksum: c1459c88c97f611ce1e8f06ae828f19e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-22 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Ecosystem Integrity (EI) can be defined as an equilibrium state of a given natural system which is able to regulate itself throughout many functional processes, being a status indicator for clearance of firstlings of the same conditions. The biodiversity is in turn an indicator of the Ecosystem Integrity status, so EI may be considered as a proxy of biodiversity. Thus, the mapping of Ecosystem Integrity can be used to assess the relationship between the loss of biodiversity and the impact on ecosystem services in a given study area. The objective of this study was to propose a methodological approach to the mapping of Ecosystem Integrity on a regional scale, from the generation of an index obtained by means of a probabilistic model based on Bayesian Belief Networks (BBN) and Remote Sensing data. The case study was carried out on the region of the Brazilian Legal Amazon. The evaluation of results from the reference data showed that the methodological approach can be used to map Ecosystem Integrity. The results were promising, making it possible to identify, map and prioritize the areas of Legal Amazon with higher or lower Ecosystem Integrity. Still, the results show that there is a direct relationship between the evidence of Ecosystem Services and the IE. Using the same bayesian network, with updated satellite data, it becomes possible to assess EI over time, and may even serve to establish a monitoring protocol and monitor IE changes in a given region of interest A Integridade Ecossistêmica (IE) pode ser definida como sendo um estado de equilíbrio de um dado sistema natural capaz de se autorregular por meio de diversos processos funcionais, constituindo um indicador de estado referente ao afastamento das condições primiciais do mesmo. A biodiversidade constitui, por sua vez, um indicador do estado de integridade dos ecossistemas, portanto, a IE pode ser considerada como um proxy da biodiversidade. Desta forma, o mapeamento da Integridade Ecossistêmica pode ser utilizado para avaliar a relação entre a perda de biodiversidade e os impactos nos serviços ecossistêmicos decorrentes em uma dada região de estudo. O objetivo geral do presente trabalho foi propor uma abordagem metodológica para o mapeamento da Integridade Ecossistêmica em escala regional a partir da geração de um índice obtido por meio de um modelo probabilístico baseado em Redes Bayesianas (BBN) e dados de Sensoriamento Remoto (SR). O estudo de caso foi realizado na região da Amazônia Legal Brasileira. A avaliação dos resultados, a partir de dados de referência, permitiu concluir que a abordagem metodológica pode ser utilizada para o mapeamento da Integridade Ecossistêmica. Os resultados foram promissores, possibilitando identificar, mapear e hierarquizar as áreas da Amazônia Legal com maior ou menor IE. Ainda, os resultados mostram que há uma relação direta entre as evidências de Serviços Ecossistêmicos e a IE. Dado o potencial de sua aplicação, utilizando-se a mesma rede bayesiana e com dados de satélite atualizados, torna-se possível avaliar a IE ao longo do tempo, podendo, até mesmo, servir para estabelecer um protocolo de monitoramento da mudança da IE de uma dada região de interesse, subsidiando a avaliação da perda de biodiversidade regional

Streams located at Montesinho Natural Park (NE Portugal) have high potential for brown trout (Salmo trutta) angling . However, in this territory there are severa! abandoned mine sites. Therefore, the continuous drainage of fine grained tailings can be particularly problematic due to arsenic, copper, aluminium and zinc. However, until now no significant disturbance was detected in water quality and in biota. Nevertheless, there has never been such a large spill of mining wastes as that occurred in January 201 O. As a consequence of intense precipitation, severa! millions of cubic meters of wastes were spilled into Portelo stream. The large amount of wastes covered the riverbed with a layer of mud reaching more than half a meter in areas close to the mine. Both riparian and agricultura! areas were also affected by the sediments from mine. Wastes were spilled downstream by severa! strong rain events. Thus, the objective of the present research was to evaluate the impact of this event on ecosystem integrity and ultimately on angling potential. To achieve the proposed objective the water from four sampling points along the affected stream was sampled for the following metais - AI , Mn, Co, Cu , Ni, Cd and As. Concomitantly, macroinvertebrate and fish assemblages were also assessed. Temporal differences between stations were not detected. On contrary spatial differences were found. As expected, the stations located near the mine showed the highest leveis of contamination and disturbance. Consequently, in these stations no macroinvertebrates and fish were found during the period of study.