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Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:27:22Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:37:03Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-84875100557.pdf: 207766 bytes, checksum: 6ba24f0e07d4ed1e77ba6b48158a5d5e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:27:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-12-01 This trial was conducted in order to determine the 50% lethal concentration (LC (I) 50-96h) of the aqueous extract of dried leaves of Terminalia catappa, a plant with antifungal, antibacterial and antiparasitic activity. Due to the increasing use of herbal medicines in aquaculture, its use is an option for controlling diseases in fish. Toxicity tests are important before recommending any treatment, since some products have therapeutic concentration close to lethal. To conduct the study used 135 fish species Guarus (Phalloceros caudimaculatus), exposed to increasing concentrations of: 0.0, 50.0, 100.0, 150.0, 200.0, 250.0, 300.0 mL of stock solution per liter of water. The results were calculated by the method Trimmed Spearman Karbo, demonstrating that the 50% lethal concentration (LC (I) 50-96h) estimated was 208.52 mL / L, with lower limit of 187.79 mL / L and higher 231.54 mL / L. Observed changes in behavior of the test organisms at concentrations above 250 mL / L decrease in the levels of dissolved oxygen and pH. Concentrations below 250 mL /L result in mortality rate near zero, so the aqueous extract shown low toxicity. UNESP Jaboticabal UENP Bandeirantes UNESP Jaboticabal

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:24:49Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:41:28Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-77957792637.pdf: 522919 bytes, checksum: 92f61e559170910556112167cb349c5b (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:24:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-10-15 Aquatic macrophytes are important components of aquatic ecosystems, but these plants have become a problem due to their occurrence in different regions. Some studies aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of herbicides to control these macrophytes; however, few studies report the possible ecotoxicological effects. The objective of this study was to estimate the acute toxicity (LC (I)50;96h) and assess water quality variables for glyphosate in the Rodeo® formulation, Aterbane® BR surfactant and mixtures of glyphosate + 0.5% and 1.0% of surfactant, for the guaru fish (Phallocerus caudimaculatus). The guaru was exposed to increasing concentrations of glyphosate and a mixture of glyphosate + 0.5 and 1.0% of surfactant. The mixture of glyphosate and glyphosate + 0.5 and 1.0% of surfactant showed (LC (I)50;96h) > 975.0 mg L -1. For the surfactant, the rate was 5.81 mg L -1. The glyphosate and mixtures of glyphosate + 0.5% and 1.0% of surfactant caused a decrease in pH and dissolved oxygen and increased the electrical conductivity of water. Glyphosate in the Rodeo® formulation and the mixtures with surfactant Aterbane® BR can be classified as practically nontoxic, whereas surfactant Aterbane® BR can be considered as moderately toxic to guaru. Universidade Estadual de Paulista, Via de acesso Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, 14884-900, São Paulo, São Paulo Universidade Estadual de Paulista, Via de acesso Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, 14884-900, São Paulo, São Paulo

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:23:31Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:46:11Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-47949116716.pdf: 122674 bytes, checksum: 28beeca5e9b39f26874845285939732c (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:23:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-04-01 Snails can become an environmental and economic problem, causing substantial losses. The objective of this work was to estimate the acute toxicity of copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O) and the aqueous extract of dried neem leaves on snails (P. canaliculata) under laboratory conditions. In order to estimate the lethal concentration 50% (LC (I)50;96h), snails were exposed to six increasing copper sulfate concentrations (0.0; 0.01; 0.03; 0.05; 0.07 and 0.1 mg L-1) and six increasing concentrations of aqueous extract of dried neem leaves 0.0; 100; 125; 150; 175 and 200 mL aqueous extract of dried neem leaves L-1 water, equivalent to (0.0; 1.18; 1.47; 1.77; 2.06 and 2.36 mg azadirachtin L -1), in triplicate and one control treatment in an entirely random delineation. Estimated LC (I)50;96h, of copper sulfate was 0.02 mg copper sulfate L-1, with a 0.01 mg L-1 lower limit and a 0.03 mg L-1 upper limit. Estimated lethal concentration 50% of the aqueous extract of dried neem leaves was 142.75 mL L-1, equivalent to 1.68 mg L-1 of azadirachtine, with a 130.89 mL L-1 (1.54 mg L-1) low limit and 155.69 mL L-1 (1.83 mg L -1) as the upper limit. Laboratorio de Impacto Ambiental do Nucleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Ambientais em Matologia Departamento de Fitossanidade Universidade Estadual de São Paulo, Via de Acesso Paulo Donate Castellane, s/n, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo Laboratorio de Impacto Ambiental do Nucleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Ambientais em Matologia Departamento de Fitossanidade Universidade Estadual de São Paulo, Via de Acesso Paulo Donate Castellane, s/n, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo

The lethal concentration of 50% (LC (I) 50-96h) and the histopathologic effects of diquat herbicide on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fish were evaluated in three experiments. The fishes were exposed to concentrations of 0, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55 and 60 mg diquat L-1, and gill and liver histology were evaluated in the surviving fishes. The estimated LC (I) (50-96h) of diquat was 37.28 mg L-1, with lower limits of 33.12 mg L-1 and upper limits of 41.44 mg L-1. In the treatment with 30, 35 and 40 mg L-1, signs of apical fusion of the secondary lamellae were observed; with 45 and 50 mg L-1, congestion of the primary lamellae was observed; in the treatment with 55 mg L-1, congestion of blood vessels on secondary lamellae took place. The livers of fishes in treatments with 0, 25, 30 and 35 mg L-1 showed cordonal organization of hepatocytes. In the treatments with 40 and 45 mg L-1, hypertrophy of hepatocytes took place; with 50 and 55 mg L-1, cell fusion and the presence of vacuoles inside hepatocytes were observed. Diquat presented low risk of toxicity for Nile tilapia, as the more severe histopathologic alterations occurred only in higher concentrations A concentração letal 50% e os efeitos histopatológicos do herbicida diquat para a tilápia nilótica (Oreochromis niloticus) foram avaliados em três experimentos. Os peixes foram expostos às concentrações de 0; 25; 30; 35; 40; 45; 50; 55; e 60 mg de diquat L-1 e a histologia da brânquia e do fígado foi avaliada nos peixes sobreviventes. A CL (I) 50-96h do diquat estimada foi de 37,28 mg L-1, com limite inferior de 33,12 mg L-1 e superior de 41,44 mg L-1. No tratamento com 30, 35 e 40 mg L-1, ocorreram início de fusão apical das lamelas secundárias; com 45 e 50 mg L-1 ocorreram congestão nas lamelas primárias e no tratamento com 55 mg L-1, ocorreu congestão sangüínea nas lamelas secundárias. O fígado dos peixes dos tratamentos controle, 30 e 35 mg L-1 estavam com organização cordonal dos hepatócitos. Nos tratamentos com 40 e 45 mg L-1, ocorreram hipertrofia dos hepatócitos; com 50 e 55 mg L-1 ocorreram fusão celular e presença de vacúolos. O diquat apresentou baixo risco de intoxicação à tilápia nilótica e as alterações histopatológicas mais severas ocorreram somente nas concentrações mais elevadas

Histologic studies on the seminiferous epithelium were performed to determine the reproductive annual cycle of domestic duck in mesothermic tropical region and to correlate it with metabolic parameters such as blood glucose, hepatic and muscular glycogen and lipids, which are basic metabolic substrates related to the reproductive process. The annual reproductive cycle of the duck could be divided in four successive phases along the year, which are named reproductive, regressive, quiescent and recrudescent phases. The reproductive phase began in winter (July) reaching its maximum peak in October. The regressive phase occurred in the end of spring and in the beginning of summer (December). The quiescent phase started in the summer between January and February. The recrudescent phase occurred in autumn and winter (June) when the spermatogenetic process resumed. Concerning the energetic metabolism only the blood glucose was related to the reproductive cycle, giving energetic support to this reproductive process Estudos histológicos do epitélio seminífero foram realizados para determinar o ciclo reprodutivo anual do pato doméstico na região mesotérmica tropical e correlacioná-lo aos parâmetros de glicose sangüínea, de glicogênio e de lipídeos hepáticos e musculares, substratos metabólicos básicos ligados ao processo reprodutivo. O ciclo reprodutivo anual do pato pôde ser dividido em quatro fases sucessivas ao longo do ano, denominadas de reprodução, de regressão, de quiescência e de recrudescência testicular. A fase reprodutiva iniciou-se na estação de inverno (julho), atingindo seu pico máximo em outubro. A fase de regressão ocorreu no final da primavera (novembro) e no início do verão (dezembro). A fase de quiescência testicular iniciou-se no verão (janeiro e fevereiro). A fase de recrudescência ocorreu do outono (março) até o inverno (junho), com a retomada do processo espermatogenético. Quanto ao metabolismo energético, somente a glicose sangüínea esteve correlacionada ao ciclo reprodutivo do pato, fornecendo suporte energético para o processo reprodutivo

Twenty adult partridges Rhynchotus rufescens were used to study the morphology of oesophagus and crop. Materials to the morphologic study were collected and lengths of the oesophagus and of the crop were measured. For histological study, fragments of the oesophagus and of the crop were stained routinely with Masson’s trichrome stain. Total oesophagus was larger in females. In the entrance of the thorax, its ventral wall is enlarged broadly, forming the crop, which is larger in males. Oesophagus mucosa is constituted by stratified squamous epithelium, with mucous glands and lymphatic tissues. There are three layers of smooth muscle, involved in serosa. The histological structure of the crop is similar to the oesophagus. The mucous glands are reduced in size and the lymphatic tissues are dispersed in the connective tissue. There is a thin stratum of smooth muscle and other two wider layers of longitudinal and circular musculature. Vinte exemplares de Rhynchotus rufescens foram utilizadas para estudar a morfologia do esôfago e do papo. O material para o estudo morfológico foi coletado e o comprimento dos órgãos foi avaliado. Para o estudo histológico, as secções histológicas foram coradas com tricromo de Masson, posteriormente analisadas e descritas. O comprimento médio total do esôfago foi maior em fêmeas. Na entrada do tórax, a parede ventral do esôfago se dilata, formando o papo, maior em machos. A mucosa do esôfago é formada por epitélio escamoso estratificado, com glândulas mucosas e nódulos linfáticos. Há três camadas de músculo liso, as quais são envolvidas por serosa. A característica histológica do papo é semelhante à do esôfago. No papo, as glândulas mucosas são menores e os nódulos linfáticos estão dispersos no tecido conjuntivo. Há uma camada delgada de músculo liso e outras duas camadas mais largas de musculaturas longitudinal e circular.

Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-27T16:24:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ZOORECZOOR14411070488.pdf: 207351 bytes, checksum: 8a7aed0812ad2ec9417a174f6fec915d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-01-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T17:50:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ZOORECZOOR14411070488.pdf: 207351 bytes, checksum: 8a7aed0812ad2ec9417a174f6fec915d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-01-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:13:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ZOORECZOOR14411070488.pdf: 207351 bytes, checksum: 8a7aed0812ad2ec9417a174f6fec915d (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:13:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ZOORECZOOR14411070488.pdf: 207351 bytes, checksum: 8a7aed0812ad2ec9417a174f6fec915d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-01-01 The lethal concentration of 50% (LC (I) and the histopathologic effects of diquat herbicide on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fish were evaluated in three experiments. The fishes were exposed to concentrations of 0, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55 and 60 rug diquat L-1, and gill and liver histology were evaluated in the surviving fishes. The estimated LC (I) (50-96h) of diquat was 37.28 mg L-1, with lower limits of 33.12 mg L-1 and upper limits of 41.44 mg L-1. In the treatment with 30, 35 and 40 mg L-1, signs of apical fusion of the secondary lamellae were observed; with 45 and 50 mg L-1, congestion of the primary lamellae was observed; in the treatment with 55 mg L-1, congestion of blood vessels on secondary lamellae took place. The livers of fishes in treatments with 0, 25, 30 and 35 mg L-1showed cordonal organization of hepatocytes. In the treatments with 40 and 45 mg L-1, hypertrophy of hepatocytes took place; with 50 and 55 mg L-1, cell fusion and the presence of vacuoles inside hepatocytes were observed. Diquat presented low risk of toxicity for nile tilapia, as the more severe histopathologic alterations occurred only in higher concentrations. Nucleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Ambientais em Matologia, Departamento de Biologia Aplicada a Agropecuaria, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de Acesso Paulo Donato Castelanni, s/n, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo Nucleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Ambientais em Matologia, Departamento de Biologia Aplicada a Agropecuaria, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de Acesso Paulo Donato Castelanni, s/n, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-12T17:56:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-01-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T17:56:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-01-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:16:07Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:16:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-01-01 The objective of this work was to evaluate the skin, liver and kidney histology of young pacus supplemented in diet with trivalent chromium and to evaluate the residue of chromium in water effluent. Randomised delineation by using factorial scheme 4x2, with four levels of chromium (0, 6, 12, 18 mg/L), two stocking densities (4 and 20 kg/m(3)), and four repetitions were used. Pacus with 100 g were used, for 90 days. An increase of the number of mucus cells and club cells in the epidermis of the pacus supplemented with 18 chromium mg/kg was observed in any stocking density. The same effect was observed in the liver, and in the highest density (20 kg/m(3)) the alterations already occurred at the level of 6 mg/kg with the inclusion of chromium, initially with congestion of sinusoids and getting worse at the level of 18 mg/kg with necrosis. The kidney didn't present visible morphologic alterations when supplemented and submitted to the stocking densities. The concentration of chromium in the effluent of pacus was 3.27 mu g/L in the higher level of supplementation (18 mg/L). In conclusion the level of 18 supplement mg/kg was not shown beneficial to the growth of pacus and the stocking density, due to the possible stress, accelerated the alteration histology process of tissues. Univ Estadual Paulista, Ctr Aquicultura, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Patol Vet, Fac Ciencias Agr & Vet, BR-14870000 São Paulo, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Ctr Aquicultura, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Patol Vet, Fac Ciencias Agr & Vet, BR-14870000 São Paulo, Brazil