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Objectives: Our study aimed to investigate the effects of alprostadil and Salvia miltiorrhiza extract on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and related underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods: A myocardial IRI model was established in Wistar rats via surgical ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery followed by loosening of the occlusion. The rats were divided into four groups: saline, sham, alprostadil, and S. miltiorrhiza. Rats in the saline and sham groups were injected with normal saline by tail vein once daily for 10 consecutive days. Rats in the S. miltiorrhiza and alprostadil groups were injected with S. miltiorrhiza extract (20 μg/kg) or alprostadil. Histological differences in myocardial tissues between rats in the sham group and in the myocardial IRI model were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. India ink perfusion was used to quantify the number of capillary microvessels. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to determine serum expression levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM), soluble vascular adhesion molecule (sVCAM), CD11b and CD18. Results: The alprostadil and S. miltiorrhiza groups had significantly higher numbers of microvessels than the saline group. Serum sICAM and sVCAM expression was significantly reduced in the alprostadil and S. miltiorrhiza groups. Meanwhile, sICAM and sVCAM in the alprostadil group were markedly lower than in the S. miltiorrhiza group. Moreover, the alprostadil group had markedly lower mRNA expression of CD11b and CD18, which were clearly lower than in the S. miltiorrhiza group. Conclusion: Alprostadil may have cardioprotective effects for myocardial IRI, with down-regulated expression of sICAM, sVCAM, CD11b, and CD18. Resumo: Objetivos: Investigar os efeitos do alprostadil e do extrato de Salvia miltiorrhiza na lesão da reperfusão da isquemia do miocárdio (RIM) e os mecanismos moleculares subjacentes relacionados. Métodos: O modelo RIM foi estabelecido através de sutura cirúrgica da artéria descendente anterior esquerda, seguida de diminuição da oclusão. Os ratos Wistar utilizados foram divididos em quatro grupos: salino, sham, alprostadil e Salvia miltiorrhiza. Os ratos do grupo salino e do grupo sham foram injetados com soro fisiológico l por veia caudal uma vez por dia durante 10 dias consecutivos. Os ratos do grupo Salvia miltiorrhiza e do grupo alprostadil foram injetados com extrato de Salvia miltiorrhiza (20 μg/kg) ou com alprostadil. As alterações histológicas nos tecidos miocárdicos entre os ratos do grupo sham e os ratos do modelo RIM foram analisadas por coloração de hematoxilina e eosina (H&E). A perfusão foi realizada para contar o número de microvasos capilares. A PCR quantitativa em tempo real foi utilizada para determinar os níveis de expressão sérica da molécula de adesão intercelular solúvel (sICAM) e da molécula de adesão vascular solúvel (sVCAM), CD11b e CD18 utilizadas. Resultados: O grupo alprostadil e o grupo Salvia miltiorrhiza tinham um número significativamente maior de microvasos do que os ratos do grupo salino. As expressões séricas sICAM e sVCAM foram significativamente menores no grupo alprostadil e no grupo Salvia miltiorrhiza. No entanto, o sICAM e o sVCAM no grupo alprostadil foram claramente mais baixos do que os do grupo Salvia miltiorrhiza. Além disso, o grupo alprostadil revelou expressões marcadamente inferiores de mRNA de CD11b e de CD18, que foram obviamente menores do que as do grupo Salvia miltiorrhiza. Conclusão: O alprostadil pode ter efeitos cardioprotetores na RIM, incluindo expressões down-regulated de sICAM, sVCAM, CD11b, e CD18.

Objectives: Our study aimed to investigate the effects of alprostadil and Salvia miltiorrhiza extract on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and related underlying molecular mechanisms., Methods: A myocardial IRI model was established in Wistar rats via surgical ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery followed by loosening of the occlusion. The rats were divided into four groups: saline, sham, alprostadil, and S. miltiorrhiza. Rats in the saline and sham groups were injected with normal saline by tail vein once daily for 10 consecutive days. Rats in the S. miltiorrhiza and alprostadil groups were injected with S. miltiorrhiza extract (20 μg/kg) or alprostadil. Histological differences in myocardial tissues between rats in the sham group and in the myocardial IRI model were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. India ink perfusion was used to quantify the number of capillary microvessels. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to determine serum expression levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM), soluble vascular adhesion molecule (sVCAM), CD11b and CD18., Results: The alprostadil and S. miltiorrhiza groups had significantly higher numbers of microvessels than the saline group. Serum sICAM and sVCAM expression was significantly reduced in the alprostadil and S. miltiorrhiza groups. Meanwhile, sICAM and sVCAM in the alprostadil group were markedly lower than in the S. miltiorrhiza group. Moreover, the alprostadil group had markedly lower mRNA expression of CD11b and CD18, which were clearly lower than in the S. miltiorrhiza group., Conclusion: Alprostadil may have cardioprotective effects for myocardial IRI, with down-regulated expression of sICAM, sVCAM, CD11b, and CD18., (Copyright © 2022. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U.)