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Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present study aims to synthesize data on nursing care for patients with cerebrovascular accident (CVA) treated in hospital units. This is an integrative literature review (IR). A search for studies was carried out in the Medical Literature and Retrivial System online (MEDLINE/PubMed®) via the National Library of Medicine, in addition to Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO). Given the evidence found, the present study was able to be organized into two thematic categories, namely: 1) nursing care for patients with stroke, presented in seven (70%) studies, which highlighted aspects such as: application of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, measuring vital signs for early detection of changes, applying specific and simple scales for neurological assessment and performing an electrocardiogram. While in 2) the knowledge and role of the team in assisting patients with stroke stood out, delving into issues surrounding the lack of clarity regarding the concept of stroke, brain recovery time and respiratory care, the need for planning and management through protocols. It is concluded that nurses carry out activities that enable nursing care that promotes care for people with stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To describe social participation and assess its correlation with sensorimotor impairment and functional independence in patients after a stroke in a region of Northeast Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 34 stroke patients, aged 18 years or older, selected for convenience from the institution's health records. Participants were assessed using the following clinical instruments: Assessment of Life Habits 3.1 (LIFE-H 3.1), Functional Independence Measure (FIM), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) - motor subsection (upper limb-UL and lower limb-LL), and Nottingham Sensory Assessment (NSA). Results: Post-stroke patients exhibited reduced social participation (LIFE-H 3.1), with moderate positive correlations observed between the personal, mobility, and responsibility domains and the total scores of FIM, FIM motor, FMA-motor, and FMA-UL. There was a moderate positive correlation between the total scores of LIFE-H 3.1, FIM, FMA-motor, and FMA-UL. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated a critical loss of social participation in post-stroke subjects, likely attributed to various sensorimotor and functional aspects, in a semi-arid region of Northeast Brazil.

Abstract: Ischemic stroke is a major cause of mortality worldwide; however, few studies have been conducted to measure the impact of the distribution of healthcare services on ischemic stroke fatality. This study aimed to explore the relationship between three ischemic stroke outcomes (incidence, mortality, and fatality) and accessibility to hospitals in Spain, considering its economic development. A cross-sectional ecological study was performed using data on hospital admissions and mortality due to ischemic stroke during 2016-2018. Gross geographic product (GGP) per capita was estimated and a healthcare accessibility index was created. A Besag-York-Mollié autoregressive spatial model was used to estimate the magnitude of association between ischemic stroke outcomes and economic development and healthcare accessibility. GGP per capita showed a geographical gradient from southwest to northeast in Spain. Mortality and case-fatality rates due to ischemic stroke were higher in the south of the country in both women and men aged 60+ years. In women and men aged 20-59 years a EUR 1,000 increase in GGP per capita was associated with decreases in mortality of 5% and 4%, respectively. Fatality decreased 3-4% with each EUR 1,000 increase of GGP per capita in both sexes and in the 20-59 and 60+ age groups. Decreased healthcare accessibility was associated with higher fatality in the population aged 60+. Economic development in southwest Spain would not only improve employment opportunities but also reduce ischemic stroke mortality. New health related strategies to improve hospital accessibility should be considered in more sparsely populated regions or those with worse transport and/or healthcare infrastructure.

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To analyze the muscle mass and cross-sectional area of the muscular fiber of the hemiparetic soleus in an animal model, in order to identify the muscular adaptations that occur in ischemic stroke. Method: Twelve Rattus norvegicus were divided into 2 groups: stroke group (n=6) and control group (n=6). Each group was subdivided into two subgroups, with evaluations at 7 days (CG7 and SG7) and 21 days (CG21 and SG21) after the accident. Their soleus muscles were removed for muscle mass analysis and cross-sectional area of the muscular fibers (CSAMF) measurement. The adopted statistical significance was 5%. Result: Significant differences in the muscle mass were observed between CG7 (0.120 ± 0.005 g) vs. SG7 (0.100 ± 0.004 g; p=0.035), and between CG21 (0.130 ± 0.010 g) vs. SG21 (0.078 ± 0.006; p=0.012). Significant differences in the relative muscle mass were observed between CG7 (0.044 ± 0.002 g) vs SG7 (0.039 ± 0.003; p=0.025), and CG21 (0.044 ± 0.003) vs. SG21 (0.028 ± 0.002; p=0.011). The CSAMF showed significant differences between CG7 (2,322 μm2 [2312-2453]) vs. SG7 (2,056 μm2 [2,022-2,135]; p=0.012), and CG21 (2,667 μm2 [2,692-2,845]) vs. SG21 (2,050 μm2 [2,034-2,161]; p=0.006). Conclusion: In this study in animal models of ischemic stroke, there was a significant loss of muscle mass, and this loss was accentuated in the longer term of the injury, highlighting the importance of future research on types of muscle fibers and applicability in human patients.

Objective: to map the transition of care for the elderly after a stroke from hospital to home. Methods: a scoping review using the JBI methodology. The search was conducted in eight databases, an electronic library, and gray literature sources. Endnote and Rayyan were the tools used to select the studies, following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The selection of studies involved two reviewers, with a third for the final analysis. Results: of 1,378 studies, 30 were selected for full reading, resulting in 12 articles published between 2013 and 2023, three of which were qualitative, eight quantitative, and one mixed study. In addition, two book chapters were retrieved from the grey literature to make up the sample, giving a total of 14 studies on the subject. Conclusion: The proposals for a plan need to cover the general conditions of the elderly person in the transition process, but attention should be paid to the environmental context in which the person lives and the availability of resources. Contributions to practice: the evidence described can help build more effective measures to improve the care provided to this individual who needs to transition from hospital to home care.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand the role of Primary Health Care teams in caring for people with stroke after hospital discharge. Methods: single case study, with integrated units of analysis, with a qualitative approach. Data triangulation occurred through interviews with professionals and family caregivers involved in transition of care, in addition to direct observations in rounds and document analysis. For the analyses, the analytical strategies of theoretical propositions and construction of explanations were used, with the help of ATLAS.ti®. Results: the importance of counter-referral, the role of community health workers and the multidisciplinary team, health promotion, secondary prevention, home visits as a visceral attribute and nurses as care managers are evident. Final Considerations: the high demand on teams and the Social Determinants of Health interfere with adequate continuity of care. Transitional care programs that enable continuity of care are recommended.

ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed at assessing the alterations in upper limb motor impairment and connectivity between motor areas following the post-stroke delivery of cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation sessions. Methods Modifications in the Fugl-Meyer Assessment scores, connectivity between the primary motor cortex of the unaffected and affected hemispheres, and between the primary motor and premotor cortices of the unaffected hemisphere were compared prior to and following six sessions of cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation application in 13 patients (active = 6; sham = 7); this modality targets the primary motor cortex of the unaffected hemisphere early after a stroke. Results Clinically relevant distinctions in Fugl-Meyer Assessment scores (≥9 points) were observed more frequently in the Sham Group than in the Active Group. Between-group differences in the alterations in Fugl-Meyer Assessment scores were not statistically significant (Mann-Whitney test, p=0.133). ROI-to-ROI correlations between the primary motor cortices of the affected and unaffected hemispheres post-therapeutically increased in 5/6 and 2/7 participants in the Active and Sham Groups, respectively. Between-group differences in modifications in connectivity between the aforementioned areas were not statistically significant. Motor performance enhancements were more frequent in the Sham Group compared to the Active Group. Conclusion The results of this hypothesis-generating investigation suggest that heightened connectivity may not translate into early clinical benefits following a stroke and will be crucial in designing larger cohort studies to explore mechanisms underlying the impacts of this intervention. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02455427.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis causes about 15% of ischemic strokes. Duplex ultrasonography (DUS) is the first line of investigation of ICA stenosis, but its accuracy varies in the literature and it is usual to complement the study with another more accurate exam when faced with significant stenosis. There is a lack of studies that compare DUS with angiotomography (CTA) in the present literature. Methods: we performed an accuracy study, which compared DUS to CTA of patients in a tertiary hospital with a maximum interval of three months between tests. Patients were selected retrospectively, and two independent and certified vascular surgeons evaluated each image in a masked manner. When there was discordance, a third evaluator was summoned. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of ICA stenosis of 50-94% and 70-94%. Results: we included 45 patients and 84 arteries after inclusion and exclusion criteria applied. For the 50-94% stenosis range, DUS accuracy was 69%, sensitivity 89%, and specificity 63%. For the 70-94% stenosis range, DUS accuracy was 84%, sensitivity 61%, and specificity 93%. There was discordance between CTA evaluators with a change from clinical to surgical management in at least 37.5% of the conflicting reports. Conclusion: DUS had an accuracy of 69% for stenoses of 50-94% and 84% for stenoses of 70-94% of the ICA. The CTA analysis depended directly on the evaluator with a change in clinical conduct in more than 37% of cases.

Copyright of Acta Paulista de Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gerais: Revista Interinstitucional de Psicologia is the property of Gerais: Revista Interinstitucional de Psicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (EMT), is a painless and non-invasive technique, capable of modulating and working affected areas of the brain with low risk to the patient Objective: Summarize the scientific evidence regarding Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in its various applications. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review research with a quantitative approach. The guiding question for the study was considered: "What is the efficiency of transcranial magnetic stimulation?" What are the indications for transcranial magnetic stimulation. To conduct the research, a search was performed in the databases Google Acadêmico, Medline, Scielo. Results: Based on the bibliographic survey, a total of 41 articles were collected that resembled the theme described for analysis. After reading their titles and abstracts, 13 studies were excluded after duplications of their texts were identified, leaving a total of 28 articles. In these, the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, where 6 studies were dispensed, leaving a total of 22 articles for reading their texts in full. Studies have shown that EMT is used in the field of psychiatry and physiotherapy, being, in this case, tested mainly in the sequelae of stroke and cerebral palsy, chronic tinnitus, mental illness, chronic pain, joint degeneration diseases, treatment of addicts chemicals and improved physical performance. Conclusion: It is concluded that EMT is a very promising resource for several neurological pathologies, such as cerebrovascular accident, but the conduct protocols require more research, for more evidence regarding the indication, form of application and effects so that you can insert the technique can be part of physiotherapeutic care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT After hospital discharge, it is recommended that post-stroke individuals receive follow-up by a physical therapist throughout all the stages of recovery. Despite clinical recommendations, few studies have investigated physical therapy care to community-dwelling individuals with stroke. This study aimed to describe physical therapy care to community-dwelling individuals with stroke in primary care setting and identify clinical-functional and sociodemographic characteristics that determined physical therapy assistance. This is an exploratory cross-sectional study. Community-dwelling individuals with stroke who were assisted by the primary healthcare team from an important Brazilian metropolis were included. Their medical records were analyzed to identify the care provided by physical therapists. Individuals who received and did not receive physical therapy care were compared (α=0.05). Out of the 100 included individuals, 55% received assistance from the multidisciplinary primary healthcare team and 44% from physical therapists. Physical therapy approaches consisted mainly of general orientations (89%) and assessments (75%). Only 45% of the individuals who received physical therapy care were followed-up, and those who received this type of care had significantly more stroke events and higher levels of disability (p

Introduction: Stroke is considered one of the greatest public health challenges worldwide, with the ischemic subtype being the most prevalent. Various acute stroke clinical guidelines recommend early rehabilitation interventions, including very early mobilization. However, despite the studies conducted in recent years regarding when to initiate mobilization after an acute stroke, there are few systematic and personalized protocols based on the factors for which patient mobilization should ideally be performed. We aim to conduct an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses to study the early mobilization decision after an acute ischemic stroke in comparison with conventional care and correlate the different approaches with patient clinical outcomes. Methods and Analysis: We will perform a systematic search on PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Epistemonikos and Web of Science Core Collection databases. Retrieved studies will be independently reviewed by two authors and any discrepancies will be resolved by consensus or with a third reviewer. Reviewers will extract the data and assess the risk of bias in the selected studies. We will use the 16-item Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR2) checklist as the critical appraisal tool to assess cumulative evidence and risk of bias of the different studies. This will be the first umbrella review that compares early mobilization approaches in post-acute ischemic stroke. This study may help to define the optimal early mobilization strategy in stroke patients. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023430494

Objective. To analyze trends in mortality caused by cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in Chile during the period 2000–2020. Methods. Data on age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) from CVD per 100 000 population in Chile for 2000–2020 were extracted from the World Health Organization Mortality Database. Joinpoint regression was used to analyze the trends and compute the average annual percent change (AAPC) in Chile. In addition, analyses were conducted by sex and type of CVD. Results. Between 2000 and 2020, the AAMR from CVD decreased in Chile from 159.5 to 94.6 per 100 000 population, with a statistically significant decrease in the AAPC of 2.6% (95% CI [–2.8, –2.4]). No joinpoints were identified. The AAMR from CVD decreased annually by 2.6% (95% CI [–2.8, –2.4]) and 2.8% (95% CI [–3.5, –2.6]) in men and women, respectively. The AAMR from ischemic heart disease reduced annually by 3.6% (95% CI [–4.6, –2.7]) with two joinpoints in 2011 and 2015. In the case of stroke, the mortality rate decreased annually by 3.7% (95% CI [–4.5, –3.0]), with two joinpoints in 2008 and 2011. Conclusions. Cardiovascular disease mortality rates have decreased significantly in Chile, in both sexes, especially in women. This decrease could be explained mainly by a significant reduction in the case fatality in recent decades. These results could be a reference for developing primary prevention and acute management of CVD policies focused on populations with higher mortality.

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the burden of spouse and non-spouse caregivers of older adults with stroke-induced-dependency after discharge from a university hospital’s Specialized Care Stroke Unit in southern Brazil. Methods: a longitudinal survey. The sample consisted of 48 consenting caregivers, among which 20 were spouse caregivers. Data were collected between May 2016 and July 2018. One week after discharge, caregivers completed a sociodemographic profile, the Functional Independence Measure, and the Caregiver Burden Scale. Burden was also measured two months after discharge. Data were analyzed using Multivariate Analyses of Variance. Results: regarding time 1, non-spouse caregivers experienced greater burden with respect to social isolation (p = .01). Along with a persistently greater sense of isolation (p=.04), non-spouse caregivers felt far greater general strain (p =.01). Conclusion: statistically significant differences in burden over time highlight the importance of assessing caregiver burden after discharge and the need for a formal support program.

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the development process of a massive, open, and online course for family caregivers of older people who had a medically diagnosed stroke. Method: Experience report on the development of a massive, open, and online course. The preparation of the course took place from July 2021 to October 2022 and consisted of the stages:definition and analysis of the contents of the course; construction and approval of the storyboard; digital construction and approval of the early version; making the project available on a digital platform; preliminary evaluation and approval of the final version. Results: The course aims to provide tools for the family care of older people who have suffered a stroke, improving their ability to provide care. It was built in twelve modules, using demonstrative videos, hypertext, pictures, and narrations. Conclusion: The course development process required a team with expertise in different areas and had a positive preliminary assessment.

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfermagem Brasil is the property of Atlantica Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aimed to analyze changes in gait angular kinematics of adults with hemiparesis after cerebrovascular accident (CVA). The sample consisted of 17 post- cerebrovascular accident (CVA) patients; and, for gait evaluation, it used a three-dimensional gait trajectory capture system. As for healthy and affected limbs, the variables studied were: speed, maximum angles of flexion, and extension of the hip and knee. For the comparisons between the members, the study used the t-paired test; and, for comparisons with normal values, it used the t test for a sample, whereas, as a decision criterion, the significance level p ≤ 0.05. The results showed, in the comparison between the limbs, significant differences in flexion (0.001) and knee extension (0.05). In the comparison between the affected limb and the healthy one, there is a significant difference in knee flexion angles (<0.000) and hip extension (0.004). Patients with post-CVA hemiparesis present changes in gait angular kinematics when the affected limb is compared with the healthy limb and with normal values. The study observed a predominantly flexor gait pattern, with a considerable variability among the evaluated patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Saúde e Sociedade is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Saude Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Background Significant association between bullous pemphigoid (BP) and stroke has been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the level of anti-BP180 antibody in stroke patients to explore the relationship between BP and stroke in their pathogenesis. Methods We collected serum samples from stroke patients and matched controls between February 2019 and June 2020. The anti-BP180 antibody levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results A total of 1183 stroke patients including 970 with cerebral infarction (CI), 192 with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), 21 with CI and ICH, and 855 controls were enrolled in this study. Anti-BP180 autoantibody values were significantly higher in stroke patients than in controls (p < 0.001). Anti-BP180 autoantibody-positive rates were 12.51% (148) in stroke patients and 4.68% (40) in controls (p < 0.001, OR = 2.65). In anti-BP180 autoantibody-positive subjects, the values were significantly higher in stroke patients than in controls (p < 0.001). However, only 10 (6.76%) stroke patients and 3 (7.5%) controls had high values (> 100 RU/mL) (p = 0.87). Stratified analysis showed that anti-BP180 antibody positive rates were independent of age, sex, and stroke subtypes in the stroke group. Positive rates in patients with both CI and ICH were nearly two times higher than those in patients with either CI or ICH alone (p = 0.11, OR = 1.94). Study limitations This study had a limited sample size and lacked quantitative criteria for stroke severity. Conclusions Anti-BP180 antibody values and positive rates were higher in stroke patients than in controls, suggesting that stroke patients may have higher of developing BP.

ABSTRACT Stroke is a chronic health condition that requires monitoring. In this sense, telehealth emerges as a tool to enable better access. However, since it is related to use of technology, this modality might face new barriers. Our goal was to identify, with a systematic literature review, the perceived barriers to telehealth access by stroke patients and conceptualize them within the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. The systematic review was carried out in the following electronic databases: PubMed, MEDLINE, SciELO, LILACS, and PEDro; and the combination of descriptors were: “Barriers to Access to Health Care,” “Telerehabilitation,” “Telehealth,” “Stroke,” and “Physical Therapy Modalities.” The included studies focused on telehealth barriers perceived by stroke patients. Initially, 298 articles were found, 295 via databases search, and three via active search; of these, only six articles were included in this review. Overall, the articles revealed the perception of more than 220 stroke patients, with barriers categorized into eight types, most of them related to the dimensions of Effort Expectancy and Facilitating Conditions of the UTAUT model. The barriers of the Effort Expectation dimension that are related to the knowledge in the use of technologies are likely to be overcome since training can be carried out before the telehealth service. However, the barriers related to the Facilitating Conditions dimension regarding financial aspects, the internet, and home context are difficult to overcome, possibly interfering with user’s acceptance of telehealth.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to map and synthesize nursing theories and conceptual frameworks that have been applied in the practice of nursing care for stroke patients in hospital settings. Methods: a scoping review was conducted in October 2022 using the MEDLINE (accessed via PubMed), CINAHL, Scielo, and Web of Science databases, following The Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. Results: nine studies incorporated six nursing theories and three conceptual frameworks, which were employed to enhance stroke patient care. The objective of these theories and conceptual frameworks was to facilitate the identification of the patient’s psychobiological, psychosocial, and psychospiritual needs, elucidate the nurse’s role and expand their perspective on rehabilitation, and acknowledge the survivor’s process of transition. Final Considerations: this mapping exercise identified major nursing theories, middle-range theories, and conceptual frameworks applied to the care of stroke patients.

Copyright of Revista Portuguesa de Enfermagem de Reabilitação is the property of Associacao Portuguesa dos Enfermeiros de Reabilitacao (APER) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Portuguesa de Enfermagem de Reabilitação is the property of Associacao Portuguesa dos Enfermeiros de Reabilitacao (APER) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of RSBO: Revista Sul-Brasileira de Odontologia is the property of UNIVILLE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Health & Society is the property of Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa Periodicojs and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Health & Society is the property of Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa Periodicojs and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction – Stroke is characterized by a sudden focal decrease in cerebral blood flow and causes physical and neurological deficits or death. Risk factors are important conditioning factors in the occurrence of stroke, leading to a decrease in the individuals’ functional status. Objectives – To relate the functional status after stroke in the elderly with the number of associated risk factors as well as the characteristics of the cervical (TSC) and transcranial (TST) duplex scans. Methods – A retrospective longitudinal observational study was carried out, consisting of a non-probabilistic convenience sample of 93 individuals aged over 65 years with a diagnosis of ischemic stroke admitted to the Neurology department of the Hospital de Vila Franca de Xira. Results – In the relationship between risk factors and the modified Rankin scale (mRS) at discharge, it was found that only in grades 1-2 of the scale there was a higher prevalence of individuals with more than three associated risk factors. In grades 0 and 4 of the scale, there was a higher prevalence of individuals with less than two associated risk factors. Comparing the relationship between cervical and cerebral alterations and mRS, it was found that in all grades of the scale, there was a higher prevalence of individuals with less than two associated alterations. Hypertension was the most important risk factor for the occurrence of stroke, being present in 84.8% of individuals. Discussion – Although no studies were found that assessed the functional status with the grouping of risk factors and changes at the cervical and cerebral level in the same way as what was done in this study, in this sample it was observed that the presence of a greater or lesser number of factors and alterations did not significantly lead to a worse functional status. Regarding arterial hypertension, this study corroborates other studies. Conclusion – We did not find a direct relationship between the number of risk factors and changes in TSC and TST present in each individual with their functional status at discharge, after the stroke. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor in the sample and, with regard to cervical changes, the most prevalent was the presence of atheromatous plaques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of mobile and wireless technologies to support the achievement of health goals is a trend within e-health. There are additional knowledge gaps in the emerging use of smartphones for the management and monitoring of chronic diseases such as stroke, particularly within the hospital setting. The objective this study was review studies developed with the interaction of mobile applications for the management of hospitalized patients with stroke. This systematic review followed the recommendations recommended by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and was carried out in the Medline/PubMed and Embase electronic databases, in addition to a manual search of references to studies already published on the subject, and 207 studies were found and after analyzing the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 6 were included for complete analysis. The use of mobile applications can accelerate the care times of hospitalized patients with stroke, decreasing neuronal death, improvement in hospital mortality, less intracranial hemorrhage, and contributing to an early return home of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Motor impairment and mobility limitations are frequently observed in post-stroke individuals and are associated with functional dependence and low perceived quality of life. Therefore, evaluating the association between motor impairment and the biomechanical strategies used by post-stroke individuals in performing mobility activities is necessary. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between lower limb motor impairment assessed by the motor section of the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) scale and the mobility of post-stroke individuals considering the biomechanical strategies assessed by the timed “up and go” assessment of biomechanical strategies (TUG-ABS). This exploratory cross-sectional study included 100 individuals in the chronic phase after stroke with a mean age of 55.02±12.57 years. The FMA was used to assess lower limb motor impairment and the TUG-ABS to assess mobility during the following activities performed sequentially: changing from sitting to standing position, walking, turning 180°, and changing from standing to sitting position. Spearman’s correlation was used to evaluate the relationship between variables (α=5%). Lower limb motor impairment and mobility considering the biomechanical strategies adopted by post-stroke individuals in the aforementioned activities (changing from sitting to standing position, walking, turning 180°, and changing from standing to sitting position) showed a significant (p

ABSTRACT Purpose: to verify the correlation between oropharyngeal dysphagia and quality of life in elderly people in the late phase after stroke. Methods: a retrospective cross-sectional study, whose data were obtained by analyzing a database composed of 30 elderly people in the late phase after stroke. All participants underwent clinical and instrumental evaluation of swallowing through the fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing. The quality of life related to swallowing was analyzed using the Quality of Life in Swallowing Disorders protocol. Data were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis and Spearman's correlation test (p ≤ 0.05). Results: the clinical evaluation showed that most individuals had mild oropharyngeal dysphagia, while the protocol applied in the instrumental evaluation showed swallowing with functional limitations. There was a positive correlation between burden, eating desire, eating duration, and mental health with the severity of oropharyngeal dysphagia, both by clinical and instrumental evaluation; and between the symptom’s frequency and the severity of dysphagia by clinical evaluation. Conclusion: there was a correlation between the severity of oropharyngeal dysphagia and the quality of life of elderly people in the late phase after stroke.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to provide sources of content validity evidence for the Post-Stroke Guidance and Follow-up Booklet. Methods: a quantitative-qualitative approach, using two Delphi method and content analysis rounds. The Educational Content Validation Instrument in Health was sent to 53 independent judges. A Content Validity Index above 0.90 was considered. Results: of the 14 nurses who participated, 64.3% have experience with stroke care, 35.7% with primary care and 64.3% with educational material production. In content analysis, judges’ suggestions were stratified into four categories: material conformation, objectivity, accuracy and perception. Spelling changes were made to the images, addition of functionality scale, adequacy of technical terms and language. The Content Validity Index in the second round showed a concordance of 0.97. Conclusions: the booklet presented satisfactory content validity sources of evidence.

ABSTRACT Objective To compare the sociodemographic and clinico-functional characteristics of patients admitted to a stroke unit immediately before and during two different COVID-19 pandemic phases. Methods This exploratory study was conducted in the stroke unit of a public hospital in Brazil. Patients consecutively admitted to a stroke unit for 18 months with primary stroke aged ≥20 years were included and divided into three groups: G1: Pre-pandemic; G2: Early pandemic; and G3: Late pandemic. The sociodemographic and clinico-functional characteristics of the groups were compared (α=0.05). Results The study included 383 individuals (G1=124; G2=151; G3=108). The number of risk factors (higher in G2; p≤0.001), smoking (more common in G2; p≤0.01), type of stroke (ischemic more common in G3; p=0.002), stroke severity (more severe in G2; p=0.02), and level of disability (more severe in G2: p≤0.01) were significantly different among the groups. Conclusion A greater number of serious events and risk factors including smoking and higher level of disability was observed in patients in the beginning of the pandemic than in the late phases. Only the occurrence of ischemic stroke increased in the late phase. Therefore, these individuals may have an increased need for rehabilitation services monitoring and care during their lifespan. Additionally, these results indicate that health promotion and prevention services should be strengthened for future health emergencies.

The use of mouse and rat models in conjunction with anatomic functional imaging techniques has directly contributed to expanding knowledge about the complex pathophysiology of stroke. Therefore, this study aims to identify the most relevant mouse and rat models of stroke and how [18F]FDG/PET can contribute to this pathology study. A narrative review of the literature was performed to describe applications of positron emission tomography in conjunction with the radiopharmaceutical [18F]FDG in stroke models. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for relevant articles published between 2015 and 2022. In this study, we describe applications of positron emission tomography in combination with the radiopharmaceutical [18F]FDG in mouse and rat stroke models. The most commonly used model was middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats. This study demonstrates that using murine and rat models in conjunction with anatomic functional imaging techniques has directly contributed to expanding knowledge about the complex pathophysiology of stroke. In addition, they have been essential for studies aimed at discovering and developing therapeutic and prophylactic strategies for the disease.

INTRODUCTION: The hospitalization rate of young patients affected by stroke has been increasing and tends to worsen if there is no improvement in socioeconomic and educational conditions, quality of hospital care and primary and secondary control of risk factors. OBJECTIVE: To collect data and alert health professionals to the prevalence of stroke in children under 21 years of age, identify risk factors and their causes between 2005 and 2019, in a high complexity hospital in the western region of the state of São Paulo - Brazil. METHODS: An analytical longitudinal retrospective study was carried out using data collected from the patients’ medical records. RESULTS: The prevalence of stroke in children under 21 years of age hospitalized in the period was 0.18%. Excluding the external ones, thrombosis was the most frequent cause of stroke and most patients (74%) had comorbidities and/or concomitant risk factors, such as the use of oral contraceptive, allergic diseases, hematopathies, heart diseases, hydrocephalus, central nervous system tumors and autoimmune diseases. CONCLUSION: These data should alert health professionals to the importance of early diagnosis, as the initial signs and symptoms are nonspecific and can be confused with other neurological diseases, while the complications and sequelae are long-lasting, sometimes lifelong, and need to be minimized.

Introduction: Most stroke patients present with limited movement, which alters gait speed and balance. The aim of this study was to correlate balance and gait speed and weight distribution and balance in post-stroke patients. Method: There were thirty-six participants. Data collection took place as follows: filling out the assessment form; assessment with the Berg Balance Scale (BBS); assessment with the baropodometry platform; performing the 10 Meter Walk Test (10mWT) with accelerometer; the modified Rankin Scale (mRS); the Functional Ambulation Classification (FAC); the Barthel Index (BI). Results: There was a negative correlation between FAC and mRS (r= -0.708; p

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia worldwide and poses a significant public health challenge. Patients with AF who require surgery present a clinical challenge. This article reviews issues related to preparing AF patients for non-cardiac surgery (NCS). The ABC approach can be implemented to optimize the preparation of AF patients for NCS, which involves stroke prevention (anticoagulation therapy), symptom control, and management of comorbidities. Anticoagulation therapy significantly reduces the risk of stroke in AF patients, and the choice of anticoagulant depends on bleeding risk and creatinine clearance. Discontinuation of anticoagulation therapy before surgery may be necessary and depends on the type of procedure and the specific anticoagulant used. Heart rhythm or rate control are two strategies for managing AF patients. Early rhythm control therapy can improve the quality of life for patients and reduce the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, precise patient monitoring and "tailored" treatment are crucial. Preparing AF patients for non-cardiac surgery requires a comprehensive risk assessment and individualized approach. The clinical value of AF, bleeding risk, and the type of surgery and anesthesia should be considered to improve surgical outcomes for AF patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of ConScientiae Saúde is the property of Nove de Julho University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)