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Resumo Justificativa e objetivos Sabe‐se que o tabagismo aumenta a percepção de dor; porém, o efeito do tabagismo sobre a percepção da dor durante o cateterismo venoso não é conhecido. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar se o tabagismo tem ou não algum efeito sobre a percepção da dor durante a punção venosa periférica. Métodos Foram incluídos no estudo 220 pacientes agendados para cirurgia eletiva randomicamente alocados em dois grupos: Grupo S (n = 110) e Grupo C (n = 110), de acordo com seus hábitos tabagísticos. Os pacientes foram instruídos sobre o uso da escala numérica de classificação da dor e, em seguida, a punção venosa periférica foi feita no dorso da mão com um cateter de calibre 20G (Intracath ® ). A percepção de dor dos pacientes foi posteriormente registrada de acordo com os escores da escala numérica. Resultados As características demográficas dos grupos eram idênticas. Os escores da escala numérica de dor dos grupos S e C foram 3,31 ± 1,56 e 1,65 ± 1,23, respectivamente (p < 0,001). Conclusão A percepção da dor por causa da punção venosa periférica é maior em fumantes. Estudos futuros sobre o tratamento da dor devem considerar os hábitos tabagísticos dos pacientes. Background and objectives It has been demonstrated that smoking increases pain perception; however the effect of smoking on perception of pain during venous cannulation is not known. The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not smoking has an effect on pain perception due to peripheral venous cannulation. Methods 220 patients scheduled to have elective surgery were enrolled in the study and were divided into two groups (Group S and C, n = 110 for each) according to their smoking habits. Numerical rating scale was introduced to the patients and then peripheral venous cannulation at the dorsum of the hand was made with a 20 G intracath. Pain perception of the patients was scored by subsequent numerical rating scale questioning. Results The demographic characteristics of the groups were identical. Numerical rating scale scores in Group S and C were 3.31 ± 1.56 and 1.65 ± 1.23, respectively ( p < 0.001). Conclusion Pain perception due to peripheral venous cannulation is higher in smokers. Future studies on pain treatment should consider the smoking habits of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumo Fundamento: A hipertensão pulmonar é uma condição que envolve a remodelação do ventrículo direito. A remodelação contínua também está associada ao prognóstico da doença. Durante o processo de reestruturação, alterações complexas como hipertrofia e dilatação também podem se refletir nos parâmetros eletrocardiográficos. Objetivos: Nosso estudo teve como objetivo investigar a relação entre prognóstico e parâmetros eletrocardiográficos em pacientes com hipertensão arterial pulmonar. Métodos: O estudo foi desenhado retrospectivamente e incluiu pacientes com diagnóstico de hipertensão arterial pulmonar entre 2010 e 2022. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos com base no resultado de sobrevida. Vários parâmetros, incluindo parâmetros eletrocardiográficos, demográficos, ecocardiográficos, de cateter e sanguíneos, foram comparados entre os dois grupos. Um valor de p

Este artículo presenta una evaluación del esquema Step2Get. Un esquema que utiliza incentivos para alentar a los estudiantes del Ricard Lodge School en Wimbledon (Londres, Reino Unido), a caminar a la escuela en lugar de tomar el autobús. Los recorridos peatonales son registrados a través de tarjetas magnéticas que fueron entregadas a los estudiantes que participaron del programa y, quienes fueron incentivados a caminar a la escuela con regularidad a cambio de la entrega de recompensas materiales. El análisis de los datos de la autoridad regional de transporte, Transport for London, mostró que la demanda de buses disminuyó entre los estudiantes participantes, lo que redujo el hacinamiento en las paradas y mejoró el tiempo de espera. Un análisis más detallado muestra que los participantes del esquema Step2Get que recibieron incentivos para caminar aumentaron significativamente su disposición para caminar y desarrollaron actitudes más positivas hacia el modo peatonal, incluso después de que los incentivos fueron eliminados. Los resultados sugieren que una intervención temporal dirigida a lograr un cambio de comportamiento puede tener un impacto de largo plazo en los hábitos de viaje. Así, el artículo concluye recomendando que este tipo de intervenciones, o similares, deberían ser consideradas en el portafolio de las políticas de transporte para la gestión de la demanda de viajes.

Abstract Background Previous studies have generally focused on dry eye test abnormalities and ocular involvements such as uveitis, and blepharitis in psoriasis. Psoriasis area severity ındex (PASI), which is used to assess psoriasis severity, is a time-consuming and complex tool. Objective To evaluate the relationship between disease severity and central corneal epithelial thickness (CCET) in psoriasis. Methods 175 eyes of 175 psoriasis patients and 57 eyes of 57 healthy individuals as a control group was included in this study. Psoriasis patients were divided into three subgroups according to PASI score as < 10 mild, 10‒20 moderate and > 20 severe. CCET was measured by spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and mean values were recorded. Mean CCET values were compared between the psoriasis groups and the control group. Additionally, the relationship between PASI score and CCET was examined. Results The mean CCET value was 58.06 ± 3.1 μm in the mild group, 60.10 ± 5.0 μm in the moderate group, 65.75 ± 6.3 μm in the severe group and 56.16 ± 3.1 μm in the control group. It was determined that the mean CCET value was significantly higher in all psoriasis groups compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The mean CCET value was significantly higher in the moderate psoriasis group than in the mild psoriasis group (p = 0.018), and in the severe psoriasis group compared to the moderate psoriasis group (p < 0.001). There was a strong positive correlation between PASI score and CCET (p < 0.001, r = 0.519). Study limitations Cross-sectional design and a relatively small number of participants. Conclusions There is a strong positive correlation between psoriasis severity and CCET. Contactless measurement of CCET by SD-OCT can be an indicator of psoriasis severity.

Nursing students are role model related to health franchise play an important in oral health care and promotion. This study aim is assessment the caries and oral and dental health behaviors of nurse students who be able expected take upon the responsibility of oral health in future. This was descriptive observational study with cross‑sectional approach, conducted at a state university in Mediterranean, Turkey. The study population was formed from 34 nursing students who voluntary select to course of oral and dental health nursing. Firstly, data were collected by socio-demographic form and then all students had been examined by dentist researcher. It was determined that 76.5% of the nursing students included in the study had at least one tooth decay, 70.6% needed treatment, and 67.6% had debris. It was determined that there was a relationship between gender, floss use, mouthwash, regular brushing teeth twice a day before the age of 6, smoking, and D, F, M, DMFS, DMFT indices in those who were breastfed for >=6 months. Increasing the awareness level of students will have a positive impact on the health of the patients they will care for.

Background and objectives: The finding of Candida species in urine is an usual finding and is called candiduria. There is an increase in the frequency of urinary tract infections (UTI) caused by Candida especially in critically ill patients. This study aimed to determine the epidemiological, clinical, and mycological characteristics of Candida urinary infections in intensive care unit (ICU) and antifungal susceptibilities. Methods: Urine cultures of 394 ICU patients with clinical suspicion of UTI were evaluated. After 24-48 hours of incubation, colonies appeared to grow as yeast, were morphologically examined by Gram staining. Candida strains that grew 104 ≥ CFU/mL in urine cultures were accepted as candiduria. The susceptibilities of the Candida strains to amphotericin B, itraconazole, fluconazole, voriconazole, flucytosine, and caspofungin were investigated with broth microdilution method. Results: The distribution of the isolated 100 urinary Candida strains were as, 54 Candida albicans, 34 C. glabrata, 7 C. tropicalis, 2 C. kefyr, 2 C. lusitaniae, and 1 as C. parapsilosis. Among 100 Candida species isolated in our study susceptibility rates of amphotericin B, flucytosine, caspofungin, fluconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole were 100%, 100%, 91%, 23%, 13%, 25.8%, respectively. Conclusion: Accurate identification of Candida spp., as well as the investigating the antifungal susceptibility, will be beneficial in terms of the effectiveness of the treatment and the prevention of resistance development.

ABSTRACT: This study was designed to test the two alfalfa advanced populations (L-1737 and L-1738) with four control cultivars (Bilensoy-80, Gözlü, Savaş and Plato) for agromorphological, yield and quality properties under irrigated conditions in two various locations in Ankara, Turkey in the years of 2013, 2014, and 2015. The experiments were arranged in a randomized block design with four replications. Results of the study showed that there were statistically significant differences in plant height and stem diameter as well as stem number among the study materials. Statistically significant differences were observed for green forage yield (P < 0.05), while not in dry matter yield among the study materials. The average green forage and dry matter yields were reported as 67.0 t ha-1 and 13. 0 t ha-1, respectively. Green forage and dry matter yields in the advanced populations of L-1737 and L-1738 were 69.2 and 67.4 t ha-1; 13.7 and 13.6 t ha-1, respectively. Those yield values were 6.5 and 3.7%; 4.3 and 3.4% higher in green forage and dry matter yields of the advanced populations of L-1737 and L-1738 compared to the control cultivar Bilensoy-80, respectively. These increases in green forage and dry matter yields were due to the effect of the mass selection method. Statistically significant differences were observed for acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and relative feeding value among the study materials, except crude protein contents. It was concluded that the two advanced populations had good adaptation ability, high yield and good quality performance under irrigated conditions and could be used as commercial cultivars.

The aim of the study is to determine the psychological well-being of patients who underwent stem cell transplantation. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 100 patients. Data were collected face-to-face using an introductory information form and the Brief Symptom Inventory. When the results of the patients were examined, the interpersonal sensitivity of the sub-dimensions of the scale was found to be 5.0 ± 4.06, depression 7.60 ± 5.37, and anxiety disorder 7.90 ± 5.34. There was a significant difference between the diagnosis time of the patients and all sub-factors of the scale, except phobic anxiety. It was found that the psychological state of the patients was directly related to the time of first diagnosis. As a result, the importance of following the psychological process of the patients during the treatment process was revealed when planning nursing care.

En el siguiente artículo, se analizan dos elementos fundamentales: la situación minera en el Perú, y la necesidad de incrementar los estudios de Ingeniería Metalúrgica. Ambos elementos deben estar indisolublemente ligados, ya que responden a necesidades económicas y sociales que cada vez se acentúan más. El trabajo está articulado en varias secciones que inician con un breve análisis histórico del papel de la educación y el desarrollo social, donde se insiste en el rol que juegan las universidades en este rubro. También se ofrecen comparaciones de lo anterior con otros países, tanto dentro del área como a nivel global, para llegar al siguiente objetivo: aportar informaciones necesarias para dar a conocer la urgencia de extender y perfeccionar las carreras universitarias de Ingeniería de Minas en el entorno nacional. Por otra parte, se hace énfasis en los conflictos sociales que lamentablemente se vienen originado y se mantienen en la población relacionada con la minería Para ello se tomaron como base algunos elementos aportados por la tesis de maestría Caminos de encuentro en el manejo de conflictos sociales en el sector minero: caso Cocachacra.

In recent years, lots of papers have been published on module amenability. In this paper, our main aim is to study the homological properties of various module derivations and prove some results about module amenability. So this paper continous a line investigation in [3], [4] for Banach algebras.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: It has been demonstrated that smoking increases pain perception; however the effect of smoking on perception of pain during venous cannulation is not known. The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not smoking has an effect on pain perception due to peripheral venous cannulation. METHODS: 220 patients scheduled to have elective surgery were enrolled in the study and were divided into two groups (Group S and C, n = 110 for each) according to their smoking habits. Numerical rating scale was introduced to the patients and then peripheral venous cannulation at the dorsum of the hand was made with a 20 G intracath. Pain perception of the patients was scored by subsequent numerical rating scale questioning. RESULTS: The demographic characteristics of the groups were identical. Numerical rating scale scores in Group S and C were 3.31 ± 1.56 and 1.65 ± 1.23, respectively (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Pain perception due to peripheral venous cannulation is higher in smokers. Future studies on pain treatment should consider the smoking habits of patients.

Abstract: Milia-like idiopathic calcinosis cutis (MICC) is a very rare dermatological disorder characterized by multiple whitish to skin colored, milia-like papules, mostly found on the hands. MICC can disappear spontaneously by adulthood; therefore, its early recognition is crucial to avoiding unnecessary interventions. Herein, we present a case of MICC in a 6-year-old girl with Down syndrome.

The study analyzes the trend in frequency of adults who drive under the influence of alcohol in major Brazilian cities after the passing of laws, which prohibit drunk driving. Data from the Surveillance System for Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey (VIGITEL) between 2007 and 2013 were analyzed. The frequency of adults who drove after abusive alcohol consumption was reduced by 45.0% during this period (2.0% in 2007 to 1.1% in 2013). Between 2007 and 2008 (-0.5%) and between 2012 and 2013 (-0.5%), significant reductions were observed in the years immediately after the publication of these laws that prohibit drunk driving. These improvements towards the control of drunk driving show a change in the Brazilian population’s lifestyle.

La perspectiva de género va cobrando auge en nuestro tiempo como una alternativa de equidad entre hombres y mujeres; a pesar de ello, existe la tendencia a considerar que los hombres y las mujeres presentan diferencias significativas en el desarrollo lingüístico y las habilidades matemáticas. El propósito de esta investigación fue determinar si hay diferencia entre hombres y mujeres en el desarrollo de estas habilidades, partiendo de la premisa de que las mujeres desarrollan habilidades lingüísticas y los hombres habilidades matemáticas. Para ello se realizaron dos estudios, en el primero se parte de las creencias que manejan los docentes con respecto al género y en el segundo se aplicó el Test WISC-R a 486 alumnos de nivel primaria, para establecer la diferencia en habilidades lingüísticas y matemáticas entre hombres y mujeres, obteniendo como resultado que las mujeres desarrollan más el área lingüística, los hombres la ubicación espacial, pero no se mostró diferencia en el desarrollo de habilidades matemáticas.

Introduction: It was aimed to calculate QT intervals in patients with acromegaly and to reveal its correlation between QT intervals, and growth hormone and insulin like growth factor-1. Material and Methods: Forty-one patients with acromegaly were enrolled into the study. Another 41 individuals with similar features, such as comorbid diseases, age and sex constituted the control group. The electrocardiographies of patients with acromegaly were evaluated at the baseline and after the follow- up. Only one electrocardiography was performed for controls. QT maximum, QT minimum, QT dispersion, corrected QT maximum, corrected QT minimum and corrected QT dispersion were calculated. Results: Baseline QT maximum, QT dispersion, corrected QT maximum and corrected QT dispersion were significantly longer than the values of controls. Corrected QT maximum and corrected QT dispersion were significantly shorter after the follow-up, compared to the baseline in patients. QT maximum, QT dispersion, corrected QT maximum and corrected QT dispersion after the follow-up were not statistically different from the values of controls. Except the negative correlation between growth hormone and corrected QT dispersion in patients after the follow-up, no other correlation was detected between QT values and growth hormone or insulin like growth factor-1 levels. Corrected QT dispersion was found to be related with the disease duration in patients. Discussion: For acromegaly patients, it is important to detect clinical predictors of cardiac arrhytmias. QT dispersion is considered a beneficial predictor for ventricular arrhytmias. When compared to controls, prolonged QT intervals were determined in our acromegalic patients. Conclusion: We consider that QT intervals may also be utilized in the evaluation of increased cardiovascular risk in patients with acromegaly. Keywords: Acromegaly; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Electrocardiography; Heart Rate.

Focamos este artigo nas transformações da paisagem rural e urbana a partir da produção cafeeira e seus aparatos, com o objetivo de analisar como a linha divisória entre o território rural e urbano vai se diluindo na medida em que o café coloca a necessidade de uma base urbana para seu desenvolvimento. Neste processo, o urbano, como modo de vida, vai caracterizando e introduzindo novos paradigmas no espaço rural, que podem ser observados na arquitetura e nos meios de produção. Como objeto de estudos foi selecionado a Fazenda Ermida, localizada em Jundiaí [SP], cuja arquitetura rural será caracterizada, com base nas edificações, no patrimônio cultural e nas paisagens existentes. A caracterização arquitetônica de uma porção territorial leva ao reconhecimento do patrimônio cultural, porventura existente, como um bem de significativo valor econômico e também educativo. Quando este patrimônio está integrado a uma estratégia voltada à valorização da memória e sua importância para a identidade das comunidades beneficiárias poderá contribuir para reflexão a respeito de alternativas de ocupação e apropriação do bem. A análise a que nos propomos está fundamentada na metodologia de abordagem de Argollo Ferrão (2004), que apresenta dois vetores, o cultural e o produtivo, registrando a arquitetura da produção com base no ciclo do café, e apresenta também a possibilidade de abordar o objeto de estudo em quatro níveis: regional; unidade de produção; edificações e maquinário; e por fim o nível agro ecológico.

La creació de centres d’interès dins una biblioteca representa un avantatge rellevant a l’hora de satisfer les demandes dels usuaris respecte de les seves necessitats d’informació. A la Biblioteca Miquel Martí i Pol es posen en pràctica aquests centres des de l’any 2000. El seu bon funcionament ha permès, d’una banda, adequar el fons a les necessitats i demandes del seu públic, i de l'altra, millorar les estadístiques de préstec de la Biblioteca.La creación de centros de interés en una biblioteca representa una ventaja relevante a la hora de satisfacer las demandas de los usuarios respecto de sus necesidades de información. En la Biblioteca Miquel Martí i Pol se ponen en práctica estos centros desde el año 2000. Su buen funcionamiento ha permitido, por un lado, adecuar el fondo a las necesidades y demandas de su público, y por otro, mejorar las estadísticas de préstamo de la Biblioteca.The creation of interest centres within a library represents a big advantage for satisfying user requests stemming from their information needs. At the Miquel Martí I Pol Library such centres have existed since 2000. Their success has allowed holdings to be adjusted better to the needs and requests of users, as well as having improved the library's loan statistics.

Esta es una reflexión sobre el glifosato, herbicida usado para el control de cultivos ilícitos. Se presentan las áreas de siembra, propiedades bioquímicas, aspectos de comercialización, efectos sobre los ecosistemas colombianos y se dejan algunas conclusiones sobre los riesgos de desertificación sobre la región fumigada.

SYNOPSIS This report summarizes and discusses current knowledge on the impact that climate change can have on occupational safety and health (OSH), with a particular focus on the Americas. Worker safety and health issues are presented on topics related to specific stressors (e.g., temperature extremes), climate associated impacts (e.g., ice melt in the Arctic), and a health condition associated with climate change (chronic kidney disease of non-traditional etiology). The article discusses research needs, including hazards, surveillance, and risk assessment activities to better characterize and understand how OSH may be associated with climate change events. Also discussed are the actions that OSH professionals can take to ensure worker health and safety in the face of climate change.

Abstract Aim Amyloid A amyloidosis is a rare complication of chronic inflammatory conditions. Most patients with amyloid A amyloidosis present with nephropathy and it leads to renal failure and death. We studied clinical characteristics and survival in patients with amyloid A amyloidosis. Methods: A total of 81 patients (51 males, 30 females) with renal biopsy proven amyloid A amyloidosis were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into good and poor outcomes groups according to survival results. Results: Most of the patients (55.6%) had nephrotic range proteinuria at diagnosis. Most frequent underlying disorders were familial Mediterranean fever (21.2%) and rheumatoid arthritis (10.6%) in the good outcome group and malignancy (20%) in the poor outcome group. Only diastolic blood pressure in the good outcome group and phosphorus level in the poor outcome group was higher. Serum creatinine levels increased after treatment in both groups, while proteinuria in the good outcome group decreased. Increase in serum creatinine and decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate of the poor outcome group were more significant in the good outcome group. At the time of diagnosis 18.5% and 27.2% of all patients had advanced chronic kidney disease (stage 4 and 5, respectively). Median duration of renal survival was 65 ± 3.54 months. Among all patients, 27.1% were started dialysis treatment during the follow-up period and 7.4% of all patients underwent kidney transplantation. Higher levels of systolic blood pressure [hazard ratios 1.03, 95% confidence interval: 1-1.06, p = 0.036], serum creatinine (hazard ratios 1.25, 95% confidence interval: 1.07-1.46, p = 0.006) and urinary protein excretion (hazard ratios 1.08, 95% confidence interval: 1.01-1.16, p = 0.027) were predictors of end-stage renal disease. Median survival of patients with organ involvement was 50.3 ± 16 months. Conclusion Our study indicated that familial Mediterranean fever constituted a large proportion of cases and increased number of patients with idiopathic amyloid A amyloidosis. Additionally, it was observed that patient survival was not affected by different etiological causes in amyloid A amyloidosis.