57 results on '"Oryza"'
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2. Establishment of drought screening protocols for rice under field conditions Protocolo para la selección de genotipos de arroz tolerantes a déficit hídrico en campo
- Author
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Tomoko Sakai, Myriam Cristina Duque, Franco Alirio Vallejo Cabrera, César Pompilio Martínez, and Manabu Ishitani
- Subjects
Arroz ,oryza ,sequía ,rendimiento ,componentes de rendimiento ,Rice ,drought ,yield ,yield components ,Agriculture - Abstract
Protocols were established for screening rice genotypes for tolerance to water-limited conditions under field conditions. These protocols were successfully used to select the best genotypes for further experiments. Rice genotypes responded differently when subjected to water-limited conditions. Experiments conducted under field conditions indicated that rice genotypes Curinga and CT6241 performed much better in terms of grain yield under water-limited conditions than varieties Azucena, Nerica, CICA8 and Palmar. Curinga, CT6241, CICA8 and Palmar were selected for further studies. The first two genotypes are tolerant and whereas the last two are susceptible to water stress.Se estableció un protocolo para la selección de genotipos de arroz tolerantes a déficit hídrico bajo condiciones de campo. El protocolo desarrollado permitió la separación de los genotipos evaluados por su tolerancia a estrés hídrico, los cuales respondieron en forma diferente. En condiciones limitantes de agua, los genotipos Curinga y CT6241 presentaron mejor comportamiento en términos de rendimiento que las variedades Azucena, CICA8, Nerica y Palmar. Curinga, CT6241, CICA8 y Palmar fueron seleccionados para estudios futuros. Los dos primeros como genotipos tolerantes y los dos últimos como susceptibles al estrés hídrico.
- Published
- 2010
3. Silicon sources for rice crop
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Hamilton Seron Pereira, Gaspar Henrique Korndörfer, Anelisa de Aquino Vidal, and Mônica Sartori de Camargo
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slag ,metallurgical aggregate ,silicate ,oryza ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Although silicon is not an essential nutrient, its application is beneficial for plant growth and development. To evaluate silicon sources in relation to agronomic efficiency and economic viability in rice crops (Oryza sativa L.), a greenhouse experiment was conducted, Quartzipsamment soil, in a completely randomized experimental design (n = 4). Treatments were 12 silicon sources and a control. Silicon was applied at the rate of 125 kg Si ha-1. Data were compared to a standard response curve for Si using the standard source Wollastonite at rates of 0, 125, 250, 375, and 500 kg Si ha-1. All treatments received CaCO3 and MgCO3 to balance pH, Ca and Mg. One hundred and fifty days after sowing, evaluations on dry matter yield in the above-ground part of plants, grain yield, and Si contents in the soil and plant tissues were performed. Wollastonite had linear response, increasing silicon in the soil and plants with increasing application rates. Differences between silicon sources in relation to Si uptake were observed. Phosphate slag provided the highest Si uptake, followed by Wollastonite and electric furnace silicates which however, did not show differed among themselves. The highest Si accumulation in grain was observed for stainless steel, which significantly differed from the control, silicate clay, Wollastonite, and AF2 (blast furnace of the company 2) slag. Silicate clay showed the lowest Si accumulation in grain and did not differ from the control, AF2 slag, AF1 slag, schist ash, schist, and LD4 (furnace steel type LD of the company 4) slag.
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- 2004
4. Evaluation of oryza model calibration methods to estimate irrigated rice productivity
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Castro, João Rodrigo de, Heinemann, Alexandre Bryan, Cuadra, Santiago Vianna, Venturoli, Fábio, Battisti, Rafael, Panozzo, Luciana Barros Pinto, and Marques, Júlio Renato Quevedo
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Arroz irrigado ,AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO [CIENCIAS AGRARIAS] ,Calibração ,Calibration ,ORYZA ,Produtividade ,Irrigated rice ,Productivity - Abstract
O Brasil é um dos maiores produtores mundiais de arroz, sendo o país com maior produção fora do continente Asiático. Apesar da alta produção, 70% desse é concentrado nos estados do sul do país, com temperatura e radiação solar consideradas ideais. No entanto, o fato da produção ser concentrada em apenas uma região é uma preocupação sob a ótica da segurança alimentar. Por isso, identificar e entender a dinâmica dos fatores limitantes da produção fora da região subtropical torna-se uma tarefa importante. Uma das ferramentas que permitem essa avaliação são os modelos de simulação do crescimento, desenvolvimento e produtividade de culturas. Com o objetivo de propor o melhor processo de calibração do modelo de arroz irrigado ORYZA foram ajustados processos de calibração da dinâmica de alocação de foto assimilados considerando dois ambientes: subtropical e tropical. Dados experimentais de cinco ensaios nas regiões Subtropical (Cachoeirinha/RS) e Tropical (Goianira/GO), para as cultivares BRS Catiana e IRGA 424, foram utilizados. As dinâmicas de partição de assimilados do ORYZA foram calibradas utilizando informações obtidas nos experimentos (datas de eventos fenológicos e a massa seca das plantas de arroz). Os resultados obtidos indicam que a utilização da calibração conjunta para ambos os ambientes propostos neste estudo apresentou melhor desempenho que a calibração default do modelo. A produtividade simulada para a cultivar BRS Catiana utilizando os novos parâmetros de particionamento apresentou uma melhoria de 10% comparada com a produtividade simulada com os parâmetros de particionamento default do modelo ORYZA. Por outro lado, o modelo ORYZA não conseguiu descrever de forma satisfatória a dinâmica de alocação de massa nas folhas, devido a atrasos na emissão de folhas sugerindo que podem haver problemas relacionados ao fotoperiodismo. Brazil is one of the largest world producers of rice, being the largest production outside of Asian continent. Seventy percent of this production is concentrated in the southern states, where temperature availability and solar radiation are ideal. However, production concentrated in only one region is a matter of concern from the perspective of food security. Therefore, identifying and understanding the yield gaps outside of subtropical region becomes an important task. Crop model simulation is a tool that allows this assessment. In order to propose calibration processes for the ORYZA irrigated rice crop model, the dynamic of photoassimilated allocation were adjusted considering two environments: subtropical and tropical. Experimental data from five trials located at Subtropical (Cachoeirinha / RS) and Tropical (Goianira / GO) environments, for both cultivars, BRS Catiana and IRGA 424, were used. The ORYZA partition dynamic of assimilate were calibrated using information obtained in the experiments (phenological events dates and dry mass). The results obtained indicate that the use of both environments in the calibration, proposed in this study, performed better than default model calibration. The simulated yield for BRS Catiana cultivar with new partitioning parameters showed an improvement of 10% compared with the default ORYZA partitioning parameters. On the other hand, ORYZA model failed to describe satisfactorily the dynamics of mass allocation for leaves, due to the delay in leaf emission, suggesting that it could be related to photoperiodism. Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
- Published
- 2020
5. Método prático para o cultivo de espécies silvestres do gênero Oryza
- Author
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Silva Edson Ferreira da, Ando Akihiko, Montalván Ricardo, and Tulmann Neto Augusto
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Oryza ,arroz silvestre ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
É descrito um método simples e prático para o cultivo de plantas das espécies silvestres do gênero Oryza, em vasos com solo orgânico, submersos em "piscinas" com água. Este método proporciona às plantas uma condição similar ao habitat natural da maioria das espécies, favorecendo assim o desenvolvimento e a prolificidade dos genótipos.
- Published
- 1999
6. Simulação do manejo do nitrogênio em arroz de terras altas com o modelo ORYZA/APSIM 2000.
- Author
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Stone, Luís F. and Heinemann, Alexandre B.
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UPLAND rice ,ORYZA ,SOIL leaching ,SOWING ,NITROGEN fertilizers ,PLANT propagation - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Doses e épocas de aplicação de nitrogênio na suscetibilidade do arroz à temperatura baixa na fase reprodutiva.
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Larrosa, Ramón Méndez, Marchesan, Enio, da Silva, Leandro Souza, and de Avila, Luis Antonio
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RICE , *PLANTING , *VEGETATION management , *ORYZA , *GRAIN , *EXPERIMENTAL design , *PLANT reproduction , *PLANT physiology , *REPRODUCTION , *PLANT fertilization - Abstract
Nitrogen doses and timing of topdressing application affects the sensibility of rice plants to low temperature in reproductive stage. For these reasons it were installed two experiments with the objective of determining the effect of nitrogen topdressing application doses and timing on the susceptibility of rice plants to low temperature in the reproductive phase. The experiments were sowed in 2007/08 growing season in a greenhouse at Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agropecuária (INIA), INIA Treinta y Tres, Uruguay, with INIA Olimar cultivar. In both experiments, a factorial experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, with four replications (factor A: stages or rates of N application and factor B: temperature treatment, with or without cold). In the experiment 1 the treatments of factor A were N application of 30 kg ha-1 in V4, V5, V6, V7, V8, R0, R1+4 days and an untreated check without N in topdressing. In experiment 2, the factor A was doses of N: 0, 23, 46 and 69kg ha-1 in V4 stage and the same levels of N in R0 stage plus a check without N in topdressing. The plants were treated with 12.5 C during seven hours for four nights when the collar of the flag leaf was at the same height of the previous leaf. The following aspects were evaluated: grain yield; spikelet sterility; SPAD index at three, ten and sixteen days of low temperature treatment; number of panicles per plot and weight of 1000 grains. Spikelet sterility was not affected by the application of N in different stages or doses, by cold treatment or their interaction, but the cold treatment affected temporally the SPAD index with delaying panicle emerge. It is not necessary to modify the N applications for this variety in Uruguay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
8. Desempenho, características de carcaça, qualidade da carne e condição sanitãria de suínos criados nas fases de crescimento e terminação nos sistemas confinado convencional e de cama sobreposta.
- Author
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Costa, Osmar Antonio Dalla, do Amaral, Armando Lopes, Ludke, Jorge Vitor, Coldebella, Arlei, and de Figueiredo, Elsio Antonio Pereira
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MEAT quality , *MEAT industry , *BILIARY tract , *ORYZA , *SWINE , *WEIGHT gain , *CATTLE industry , *RICE hulls , *DIGESTIVE organs - Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of housing system on live performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and the sanitary condition of pigs raised in six different systems. A total of 803 MS58 × (Landrace × Large White) hybrid type pigs was used in seven subsequent lots, during the nursery and growing-finishing phases. At the nursery period, the systems evaluated were: conventional (CO), deep litter (CS), and intensive free range (SISCAL), while during the growing-finishing phase only the CO and CS systems were evaluated, being the CS system subdivided into three substrates (wheat straw, rice hulls and wood shaving). The factors considered on the statistical analysis were lot, treatment (combination of housing type used during nursery and growing-finishing phases), age (84, 105, 126, 147 e 160 days), and the interaction treatment × age. A significant effect of housing type was observed on weight gain, carcass characteristics, and weight of heart, liver, full stomach and stomach content. Animals housed on conventional treatment had higher (P<0.05) weight gain (824 vs. 779g), higher hot carcass weight (75 vs. 69kg) and higher fat thickness (18 vs. 17mm) than the ones raised on deep litter, however, these, on the other hand, presented larger (P<0.05) gut content (360 vs. 204g) and less degree of gut lesion than those of the conventional treatment, eventhough with higher sneeze prevalence. The housing system did not influence the health, however pigs housed on deep litter system during the growing-finishing phase presented lower performance and carcass values than the ones housed in the conventional housing system despite the housing system used during the nursery phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Identificação e análise de conservação de RNAs circulares presentes no gênero Oryza
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Zambam, Débora Camargo, Margis, Rogerio, and Kulcheski, Franceli Rodrigues
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RNA não traduzido ,RNA circular ,Oryza - Abstract
Os RNAs circulares (circRNAs) constituem uma interessante classe de moléculas dentro do diverso mundo dos RNAs. Uma ligação fosfodiéster unindo uma extremidade 3’ doadora de splicing à uma extremidade 5’ aceptora de splicing confere à molécula circular alta estabilidade, devido à ausência de extremidades livres passíveis de degradação por exonucleases. Esses transcritos foram inicialmente descobertos em viróides de plantas e posteriormente em eucariotos, mas receberam pouca atenção até o advento de tecnologias de sequenciamento de nova geração, que permitiram identificá-los em diversos grupos de organismos nos domínios da vida. Estudos têm mostrado que tais moléculas participam da regulação gênica nos níveis transcricional e pós-transcricional, estão associados a processos patológicos em mamíferos e são responsivos a diferentes tipos de estresses em plantas. Neste trabalho, foi realizada a identificação in silico de circRNAs em Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica cv. Nipponbare, que resultou na detecção de mais de 89 mil eventos preditos de backsplicing. Desse total, foram selecionados para validação doze circRNAs que satisfizeram critérios específicos, como terem sido detectados por pelo menos três métodos de bioinformática e possuírem sítios de ligação para microRNAs. Entre esses, nove sequências foram confirmadas em amostras de folhas em diferentes estágios, através de RT-PCR com o uso de primers divergentes e dessas, sete foram confirmadas por ressequenciamento. A maioria dos circRNAs testados, exibiram múltiplos produtos de PCR, indicando a ocorrência de circularização alternativa do transcrito primário, processo já observado em outros trabalhos. A conservação dos transcritos circulares confirmados por ressequenciamento foi em seguida testada em diferentes tecidos de outras seis espécies do gênero Oryza. As espécies O. sativa f. spontanea, O. rufipogon e O. punctata apresentaram amplificação de pelo menos um circRNA nas amostras de folha testadas. Nas amostras de raiz, as espécies O. sativa f. spontanea, O. rufipogon, O. punctata e O. australiensis também apresentaram amplificação para pelo menos um dos circRNAs testados. Os genes parentais dos circRNAs identificados inicialmente em O. sativa possuem homólogos nas demais espécies avaliadas, porém, alguns circRNAs exibiram produtos de PCR com tamanhos diferentes dos esperados para O. sativa, sendo que devem ser ressequenciados para confirmação de que são oriundos dos circRNAs testados. A possibilidade de encontrar circRNAs conservados entre diferentes espécies do gênero Oryza oferece um novo nível molecular para estudo de características genéticas potencialmente úteis do ponto de vista agronômico, além de contribuir para a compreensão dos processos evolutivos dessa classe de RNA. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) constitute an interesting class of molecules within the diverse world of RNAs. A phosphodiester linkage attaching a splicing donor 3' end to a 5' splicing acceptor end gives the circular molecule high stability, due to the absence of free ends susceptible to exonuclease attack. These transcripts were initially discovered in plant viroids and later in eukaryotes, but received little attention until the advent of next generation sequencing technologies, which allowed them to be identified in several groups of organisms in the domains of life. Studies have shown that such molecules participate in gene regulation at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, are associated with pathological processes in mammals and are responsive to different types of plant stress. In this work, the in silico identification of circRNAs in Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica cv. Nipponbare, which resulted in the detection of more than 89,000 predicted backsplicing events. From this total, twelve circRNAs satisfying specific criteria were selected for validation, such as having been detected in silico by at least three methods and having binding sites for microRNAs. Among these, nine sequences were confirmed in leaf samples at different stages, through PCR with the use of divergent primers and of these, seven were confirmed by resequencing. Most of the circRNAs tested showed multiple PCR products, indicating the occurrence of alternative circularization of the primary transcript, a process already observed in other works. The conservation of circular transcripts confirmed by re-sequencing was then tested in different tissues of six other species of the genus Oryza. The species O. sativa f. spontanea, O. rufipogon and O. punctata showed amplification of a circRNA in the leaf samples tested. In the root samples, the species O. sativa f. spontanea, O. rufipogon, O. punctata and O. australiensis also showed amplification for at least one of the circRNAs tested. The parental genes of the circRNAs identified initially in O. sativa have homologues in the other species tested, indicating that the amplicons observed in these species are from circRNAs, but some circRNAs exhibited PCR products with sizes different from those expected in O. sativa which must be re-sequenced to have their nature confirmed. The possibility of finding conserved circRNAs among different species of the genus Oryza offers a new potential at molecular level for the study of agronomic useful genetic characteristics, besides to contribute to the understanding of the evolutionary processes of this class of RNA.
- Published
- 2019
10. Padrão de ailhamento em arroz afetado pela presença dos íons amônio e nitrato.
- Author
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Poletto, Naracelis, Mundstock, Claudio Mario, Grohs, Daniel Santos, and Mazurana, Michael
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NITROGEN ,LEAVES ,PLANT stems ,TILLAGE ,ORYZA - Abstract
Copyright of Bragantia is the property of Instituto Agronomico de Campinas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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11. EFICIÊNCIA DO USO E RESPOSTA À APLICAÇÃO DE FÓSFORO DE CULTIVARES DE ARROZ EM SOLOS DE TERRAS ALTAS.
- Author
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ROTILI, ELIANE APARECIDA, FIDELIS, RODRIGO RIBEIRO, DOS SANTOS, MANOEL MOTA, BARROS, HÉLIO BANDEIRA, and PINTO, LEANDRO CARDOSO
- Subjects
RICE ,ORYZA ,PHOSPHORUS in soils ,PHOSPHORUS ,SOIL density ,SOIL texture - Abstract
Copyright of Bragantia is the property of Instituto Agronomico de Campinas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2010
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- View/download PDF
12. ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA E INCIDÊNCIA DE BRUSONE EM ARROZ DE SEQUEIRO.
- Author
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DE FREITAS, JOSÉ GUILHERME, ANGELI MALAVOLTA, VANDA MARIA, SALOMON, MARCUS VINICIUS, CANTARELLA, HEITOR, MELO DE CASTRO, LUCIA HELENA SIGNORI, and AZZINI, LUIZ ERNESTO
- Subjects
ORYZA ,NITROGEN ,CROP yields ,PYRICULARIA grisea ,SEED viability ,PLANT physiology ,CULTIVARS - Abstract
Copyright of Bragantia is the property of Instituto Agronomico de Campinas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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13. Cultivo armadilha para manejo integrado do percevejo-do-grão em arroz irrigado
- Author
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Hickel, Eduardo Rodrigues
- Subjects
cultural control ,Oryza sativa ,Oryza ,controle cultural ,Oebalus poecilus ,Oebalus ypsilongriseus - Abstract
The rice stink bugs, Oebalus poecilus (Dallas) and Oebalus ypsilongriseus (DeGeer) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), are among the main insect pests of irrigated rice in Santa Catarina, Brazil. Foliar spraying of insecticides is the most commonly used control measure, but with the aggravation of the applications being sometimes ineffective or just before harvest. The control of these pests using trap crops would reduce the amount of insecticides applied in rice fields and also the risks of environmental and rice contamination. Resumo- Os percevejos-do-grão, Oebalus poecilus (Dallas) e Oebalus ypsilongriseus (DeGeer) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), estão entre as principais pragas do cultivo de arroz irrigado em Santa Catarina. A pulverização foliar de inseticidas é o método de controle mais empregado, porém com o agravante das aplicações serem, por vezes, pouco efetivas ou próximo da colheita. O controle destas pragas em cultivos armadilha permite reduzir o montante de inseticidas aplicados nas lavouras e também os riscos de contaminação ambiental e do arroz colhido.
- Published
- 2018
14. Rice bran modulates renal disease risk factors in animals submitted to high sugar-fat diet.
- Author
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Siqueira JS, Francisqueti-Ferron FV, Garcia JL, Silva CCVA, Costa MR, Nakandakare-Maia ET, Moreto F, Ferreira ALA, Minatel IO, Ferron AJT, and Corrêa CR
- Subjects
- Animals, Diet, High-Fat adverse effects, Kidney physiology, Male, Oxidative Stress, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Risk Factors, Sugars, Oryza
- Abstract
Introduction: Obesity, diabetes, and hypertension are common risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD arises due to many pathological insults, including inflammation and oxidative stress, which affect renal function and destroy nephrons. Rice bran (RB) is rich in vitamins and minerals, and contains significant amount of antioxidants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the preventive effect of RB on renal disease risk factors., Methods: Male Wistar rats (±325 g) were divided into two experimental groups to received a high sugar-fat diet (HSF, n = 8) or high sugar-fat diet with rice bran (HSF + RB, n = 8) for 20 weeks. At the end, renal function, body composition, metabolic parameters, renal inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were analyzed., Results: RB prevented obesity [AI (HSF= 9.92 ± 1.19 vs HSF + RB= 6.62 ± 0.78)], insulin resistance [HOMA (HSF= 83 ± 8 vs. HSF + RB= 42 ± 11)], dyslipidemia [TG (HSF= 167 ± 41 vs. HSF + RB=92 ± 40)], inflammation [TNF-α (HSF= 80 ± 12 vs. HSF + RB=57 ± 14), IL-6 (903 ± 274 vs. HSF + RB=535 ± 277)], oxidative stress [protein carbonylation (HSF= 3.38 ± 0.18 vs. HSF + RB=2.68 ± 0.29), RAGE (HSF=702 ± 36 vs. RSF + RB=570 ± 190)], and renal disease [protein/creatinine ratio (HSF=1.10 ± 0.38 vs. HSF + RB=0.49 ± 0.16)]., Conclusion: In conclusion, rice bran prevented renal disease by modulating risk factors.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Development of genomic SSR markers and molecular characterization of Magnaporthe oryzae isolates from wheat in Brazil
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João Leodato Nunes Maciel, Jorge Fernando Pereira, Luciano Consoli, Ana Lidia Variani Bonato, Estevon Alexandre de Souza Bombonatto, JORGE FERNANDO PEREIRA, CNPT, LUCIANO CONSOLI, CNPT, ESTEVON ALEXANDRE DE SOUZA BOMBONATTO, ULBRA, ANA LIDIA VARIANI BONATO, CNPT, and JOAO LEODATO NUNES MACIEL, CNPT.
- Subjects
Genetic Markers ,Trigo ,Genotype ,Locus (genetics) ,Biology ,Biochemistry ,Genetic analysis ,Botany ,Genetics ,Genetic variability ,Allele ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Triticum ,Plant Diseases ,Polymorphism, Genetic ,food and beverages ,Oryza ,General Medicine ,Magnaporthe oryzae ,Magnaporthe ,Genetic marker ,Microsatellite ,Brazil - Abstract
Magnaporthe oryzae, the causal agent of wheat blast, was characterized on a molecular level with 38 newly isolated genomic SSR loci. Among the 31 wheat isolates analyzed, 15 polymorphic loci were detected, with an average of 1.7 alleles per locus, 28.9% of them being highly or reasonably informative. The number of polymorphic loci was higher in isolates from Londrina in the Brazilian state of Parana´ and Coromandel in Minas Gerais compared with Goiânia in Goiás and São Borja in Rio Grande do Sul. The rice isolate was clearly different from the wheat isolates, and the size difference in polymorphic SSR loci between one isolate from wheat and one isolate from rice was associated with the number of repeats. Some isolates collected from different states and in different years demonstrated similarities of 100%. The markers developed here are useful for the genetic analysis of M. oryzae isolated from wheat, and isolates representing the variability detected in the field can be used to search for better wheat blast resistance. Genetic variability Magnaporthe oryzae Microsatellite Wheat blast
- Published
- 2014
16. Caracterização agromorfológica interpopulacional em Oryza glumaepatula
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Patrícia Pimentel Dos Santos, Elizabeth Ann Veasey, and Mariana Silva Rosa
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Wild species ,education.field_of_study ,geography ,arroz silvestre ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,Population ,Drainage basin ,genetic diversity ,Biology ,Oryza ,biology.organism_classification ,caracterização agronômica ,Oryza glumaepatula ,Genus ,Botany ,morphological characterization ,wild rice ,Ploidy ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,education ,agronomic characterization ,caracterização morfológica ,diversidade genética - Abstract
O gênero Oryza apresenta duas espécies cultivadas e 21 espécies silvestres, sendo quatro originárias da América do Sul e Central. Dentre essas, a única espécie diplóide é Oryza glumaepatula Steud., compatível em cruzamentos com a espécie cultivada O. sativa L. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar, por meio de caracteres agromorfológicos, oito populações de O. glumaepatula, coletadas em diferentes bacias hidrográficas brasileiras. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação utilizando-se o delineamento em blocos ao acaso com oito tratamentos e seis repetições. Cada parcela foi constituída de quatro plantas, obtendo-se o total de 24 plantas por população. Foram avaliadas três características agronômicas e 18 características morfológicas. Os dados foram analisados utilizando-se estatísticas univariadas e multivariadas. Os resultados mostraram diferenças significativas entre populações para todos os caracteres avaliados, o que indica a grande variabilidade genética observada para todas as populações. Os resultados da análise de componentes principais foram similares aos da análise de agrupamento que classificou as populações em quatro grupos, sendo um grupo para cinco populações da Amazônia, um grupo para uma população do Rio Negro, e dois grupos, um para cada população originária do Rio Xingu e do Rio Paraguai, no Pantanal. A população com características agronômicas mais desejáveis, maior produção de sementes e maior número de perfilhos foi a PG-4, originária do Pantanal Matogrossense, seguida da população JA-4, do Rio Japurá. The genus Oryza contains two cultivated and 21 wild species, and four of these wild species originated from South and Central America. Among these, the only diploid species, compatible in crossing experiments with the cultivated O. sativa L. is O. glumaepatula Steud. The objective of this research was to characterize with morpho-agronomic traits eight populations of Oryza glumaepatula, collected at different river basins in Brazil. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse, using randomized blocks with eight treatments (populations) and six repetitions, a total of 24 plants per population. Three agronomic and 18 morphological traits were evaluated. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate statistics. Results showed significant differences (P
- Published
- 2006
17. Mecanismos de distribuição do fertilizante e adubação nitrogenada em cobertura no arroz de terras altas em plantio direto
- Author
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Costa, André de Moraes [UNESP], Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), and Crusciol, Carlos Alexandre Costa [UNESP]
- Subjects
Ureia como fertilizante ,Oryza ,Oriza sativa L ,Fertilizers ,Arroz de sequeiro - Adubos e fertilizantes - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-02-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:47:10Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 costa_am_dr_botfca.pdf: 1155066 bytes, checksum: 39dda5ae987a547ef83e7f15950f4636 (MD5) O trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência de dois mecanismos de distribuição do fertilizante e da adubação nitrogenada na cultura do arroz de terras altas em plantio direto. O experimento foi conduzido a campo nos anos agrícolas de 2001/2002 e 2002/2003 na Fazenda Experimental Lageado, da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - UNESP, no município de Botucatu - SP, localizado na região centro-oeste do Estado de São Paulo, em um solo classificado como Nitossolo Vermelho distrófico. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados disposto em parcelas subdivididas com quatro repetições. As parcelas foram constituídas pela semeadura do arroz com dois mecanismos sulcadores de fertilizantes (haste sulcadora e disco duplo) e as subparcelas foram constituídas por quatro níveis de nitrogênio aplicados em cobertura (0, 40, 80 e 120 kg ha-1) no perfilhamento do arroz, sendo a uréia (45% de N) a fonte utilizada. Foram avaliados as seguintes variáveis: profundidade de abertura do sulco e de deposição de sementes, população de plântulas, altura de plantas, número de colmos e panículas por metro quadrado, número total de espiguetas por panícula; fertilidade das espiguetas, massa de 1000 grãos, matéria seca da parte aérea, produtividade de grãos e análise química do tecido vegetal. O mecanismo de haste sulcadora promoveu maior profundidade de deposição de sementes, menor estande, menor número de panículas por área e conseqüente menor produtividade de grãos. Para o sucesso no estabelecimento da cultura do arroz de terras altas no sistema de plantio direto, dentre outros fatores, está a escolha do mecanismo sulcador das semeadoras-adubadoras. A aplicação de nitrogênio no arroz de terras altas em sistema de plantio direto proporciona maiores produtividades de grãos quando a cultura é semeada por meio do mecanismo sulcador de disco duplo. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of two furrow opener mechanisms of fertilizers and the use of nitrogen fertilizer in upland rice in no-tillage system. The experiment was carried out in the agricultural season of 2001/2002 and 2002/2003 in the Lageado Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agronomic Sciences - UNESP, Botucatu - SP, at the center-west of the State of São Paulo, in a soil classified as distrophic Red Nitosoil. In these experiments was used the design in randomized blocks with subdivided plots and four repetitions. The plots were constituted by the seeding of the rice using two furrow opener mechanisms of fertilizers (furrow stem and double disk) and the subplots were constituted by four levels of nitrogen using top-dressing (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1), applied when secondary stems were produced of the main stem of the rice. The variables evaluated were: depth of furrow, depth of seeds, initial population of plants, height of plants, stem and panicle number per square meter, total number of spikelets per panicle, spikelet fertility, mass of 1000 grains, dry matter of the aerial part, productivity of grains and concentration of nutrients in the blade leaf (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S). The use of the furrow stem promoted larger depth of deposition of seeds, smaller stand, smaller panicle number for area and consequently smaller productivity of grains. The choice of the furrow mechanism of the fertilizer-seeder machines assures the success in the establishment of the upland rice in the no-tillage system. When the grasses are cultivated before rice of upland in the no-tillage system, the quantity of applied nitrogen should be lager than the recommend quantity in the conventional system. The application of nitrogen in the upland rice in no-tillage system increased the productivities of grains when the crop was sowed using double disk like furrow opener mechanism.
- Published
- 2005
18. Arroz no Brasil : conferência et taller melhoramento genético do arroz na América Latina et Caribe
- Author
-
Ferreira, Carlos Magri, Mendez Del Villar, Patricio, and Stone, Luis Fernando
- Subjects
Oryza ,Amélioration des plantes ,F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes - Published
- 2004
19. Sistemas de plantio direto e pacotes tecnologicos para as cultivares de algodao da coodetec e demais no mato grosso : aditivo 2 : Pragas e biodiversidade nos sistemas de cultivo algodoeiros do Mato Grosso, avaliaçao dos riscos fitossanitarios na safrinha e de uma proteçao alternativa. Safra 2004-2005
- Author
-
Silvie, Pierre and Bélot, Jean-Louis
- Subjects
F07 - Façons culturales ,F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture ,Oryza ,H10 - Ravageurs des plantes - Abstract
The general objective of the project is to identify crop systems which facilitate a better control (natural and/or chemical) of pests with lower protection costs. The project of the 2004-2005 harvest aims to answer the following specific questions : - What are the crop systems which facilitate a better pest management ? What are the species which can be considered as regular pests or biodiversity indicators and how to consider these species ? - What are the crop residues, mulch or cover crops, which can facilitate the natural biological control of the pests ? - What are the risks of multiplication of the pests (Anthonomus grandis, Spodoptera frugiperda, Pectinophora gossypiella) developing in the secondary crop season (called "safrinha") and how to manage the increasing species S. frugiperda ? The research will be carried out on the same experimental design of Fazenda Mourao in Campo Verde-MT, as part of the project submitted to FACUAL (" No-tillage systems and technological packages for cotton cultivars grown by Coodetec and others in the Mato Grosso "). After the two first campaign results with the experimental matricial design, we want to increase the qualitative and quantitative observations, particularly with a comparison of an alternative protection option crop system, the monitoring of the fauna in the mulch in the various crops of the systems, and the caracterization of the Spodoptera species complex.
- Published
- 2004
20. Conferência e Taller Internacional de Melhoramento Genético do Arroz na América Latina e Caribe 2004, Goiânia, Brasil, 15 a 19 de março de 2004. Memorias
- Author
-
Carvalho Ferreira Neves, Péricles (ed.), Magalhães Soares, Dino (ed.), Souza de Oliveira, Marina Aparecida (ed.), Yokoyama, Massuru (ed.), Almeida de Vieira, Noris Regina (ed.), and Rabelo, Raimundo Ricardo (ed.)
- Subjects
Oryza ,Amélioration des plantes ,F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes ,riz - Published
- 2004
21. Sistemas de plantio direto e pacotes tecnologicos para as cultivares de algodao da COODETEC e demais no Mato Grosso : aditivo 2 : Pragas e biodiversidade nos sistemas de cultivos algodoeiros do Mato Grosso e avaliaçao dos riscos fitossanitarios na safrinha. Relatorio final
- Author
-
Silvie, Pierre
- Subjects
F07 - Façons culturales ,Gossypium ,F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture ,Oryza ,H10 - Ravageurs des plantes ,Entomologie ,Population animale ,Organisme nuisible - Abstract
O objetivo geral do projeto é identificar os sistemas de cultivos que facilitam um melhor controle (natural e/ou químico) das pragas com um menor custo de proteção. Para conseguir isso, pesquisas de duas naturezas foram definidas: observações (diagnose) sobre vários sistemas existentes numa fazenda e experimentações com manejo alternativo das pragas. Até agora, a primeira parte foi mais desenvolvida. Após uma primeira safra de observações iniciada no mês de janeiro de 2003, os trabalhos de entomologia foram orientados para responder as seguintes perguntas: - Qual é a influência dos sistemas empregados (em plantio direto integral) sobre as pragas, em particular a influência das palhadas e das plantas de cobertura sobre o controle biológico natural (com enfoque sobre os fungos entomopatogênicos) ? - Quais são os riscos de desenvolvimento das pragas na safrinha e a melhor gestão dos restos culturais para reduzir esses riscos ? Os trabalhos foram realizados no mesmo dispositivo matricial da fazenda Mourão - Campo Verde-MT. A entomofauna da entressafra 2003 foi observada essencialmente com a ajuda da rede de Noyes (redadas) e observações visuais. A entomofauna localizada na parte superficial do solo, ou seja, nas palhadas ou algumas coberturas vivas, foi capturada com o uso de armadilhas de solo. Durante a safra 2003-2004, observações qualitativas e quantitativas, monitoramento das pragas aéreas foram efetuados nos diferentes cultivos dos sistemas (algodão, arroz, soja, milho), nas plantas de cobertura e nas plantas hospedeiras potenciais vizinhas. O uso de feromônios (empresa Biocontrole e Isca tecnologias) foi feito com as espécies seguintes: Anthonomus grandis, Spodoptera frugiperda, S. latifascia (que deveria atrair a espécie S. cosmioides) S. sunia, S. exígua, Pectinophora gossypiella. Uma comparação de parcelas tratadas com produtos alternativos aos químicos foi efetuada. Na entressafra 2004, observações foram efetuadas sobre os rebrotes de soqueiras provenientes de uma parcela da fazenda. A transferência dos resultados obtidos sobre as duas safras (2002/2003 e 2003/2004) esta sendo prevista através da elaboração de um pacote pedagógico (Manual de identificação e DVD).
- Published
- 2004
22. El proyecto arroz del CIRAD en CIAT : actividades e impactos alcanzados, 1991-2003
- Author
-
Guimaraes, Elcio Perpetuo, Châtel, Marc, Vales, Michel, and Trouche, Gilles
- Subjects
Oryza ,Recherche ,Coopération ,F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes ,riz - Published
- 2004
23. Dinâmica da produção de arroz em fronteiras agricola recentes do centro-oeste brasileiro, impactos tecnologicos e comerciais : [2001-02]
- Author
-
Mendez Del Villar, Patricio
- Subjects
Glycine max ,Oryza ,E16 - Economie de la production ,Offre et demande ,Concurrence économique ,Riz pluvial ,Culture de rapport ,Circuit de commercialisation ,Économie de production - Published
- 2003
24. Male-sterile rice seed production
- Author
-
Elcio Perpetuo Guimaraes, Claudio Bragantini, and Veridiano dos Anjos Cutrim
- Subjects
Pollen source ,cytoplasmic male sterility ,pollination ,Agriculture (General) ,Oryza sativa ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Oryza ,progeny ,S1-972 ,Pollen ,Botany ,medicine ,capacidade de produção ,esterilidade masculina citoplasmática ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,polinização ,production capacity ,Panicle ,híbridos ,hybrids ,Software maintainer ,métodos de melhoramento ,biology.organism_classification ,lcsh:S1-972 ,Hybrid seed ,Horticulture ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,breeding methods ,progênie - Abstract
A obtenção comercial de sementes da linhagem macho-estéril é uma das limitações para viabilizar a produção de híbridos de arroz (Oryza sativa L.). Este trabalho buscou estudar três proporções entre a linhagem macho-estéril (linhagem A) e a mantenedora (linhagem B). As proporções estudadas foram 8:4, 10:2 e 14:4. As características avaliadas para determinar qual das proporções apresenta maior potencial foram: número e porcentagem de grãos cheios por panículas, e número de grãos de pólen por unidade de área. A proporção 8:4 produziu maior porcentagem de grãos cheios por panícula que as outras duas, mas, proporcionalmente, ocupa maior área física com a linhagem B no campo. Foram observadas diferenças estatísticas na porcentagem de grãos cheios entre as amostras coletadas nas várias fileiras da linhagem A (diferentes distâncias da fonte polinizadora), e observou-se uma influência marcante com relação à direção predominante dos ventos. O número de grãos de pólen foi igual para todas as relações e distâncias da fonte de pólen; por isso, não foi o fator determinante das diferenças observadas em porcentagem de grãos cheios por panícula. Os resultados permitiram concluir que a proporção 10:2 é a de maior potencial para a produção comercial de sementes da linhagem macho-estéril. Commercial male-sterile rice (Oryza sativa L.) seed production is one of the limitations to allow large scale hybrid seed production. This work studied three ratios between male-sterile line (A line) and maintainer (B line). The A:B ratios used in the study were: 8:4, 10:2 and 14:4. The evaluated traits to determine which ratio is more suitable were: number and percentage of filled grains per panicle and number of pollen grains per unit area. The 8:4 ratio produced statistically significant higher percentage of filled grains per panicle than the other two, but proportionally it requires more field area for the B line. Statistical differences were observed for percentage of filled grains per panicle among samples collected in the different rows at different distances from the pollen source. These results were strongly influenced by the predominant wind direction. The number of pollen grains was statistically the same for all ratios and distances, therefore it did not play a major role in percentage of filled grain per panicle. The results allow to conclude that 10:2 ratio has the highest potential for male-sterile line seeds production.
- Published
- 2001
25. Dinâmicas produtivas do arroz nos estados do Mato Grosso, Maranhão e Rondônia
- Author
-
Mendez Del Villar, Patricio, Silva, Nixon L., Ducos, Adrien, Pacheco Yokohama, Lidia, Ricardo Rabelo, Raimundo, Almeida Pereira, José, Marico Utumi, Marley, and Campos Godinho, Vicente de Paulo
- Subjects
Oryza ,E16 - Economie de la production ,Offre et demande ,Concurrence économique ,Riz pluvial ,Circuit de commercialisation ,Économie de production - Published
- 2001
26. O pé de galinha, uma nova opção para o plantio direto no cerrado
- Author
-
Séguy, Lucien and Bouzinac, Serge
- Subjects
F07 - Façons culturales ,Semis direct ,Gossypium ,Carbone ,Eleusine indica ,Oryza ,Conservation des sols ,Performance de culture ,séquestration du carbone ,Biomasse - Published
- 2001
27. Avaliação de recursos genéticos para produção de híbridos de arroz (Oryza sativa L.)
- Author
-
Beló, André, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, and Ferreira, Marcio Elias
- Subjects
Arroz de sequeiro ,Recursos genéticos vegetais ,Arroz ,Oryza ,Melhoramento genetico - Abstract
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias. O arroz (Oryza sativa L.) é um dos alimentos mais importantes no mundo, consumido diariamente por mais da metade da população humana. A estreita base genética dos programas de melhoramento e o uso inadequado da variabilidade genética são alguns dos principais fatores que impedem as novas variedades de ultrapassar os atuais patamares de produtividade. A exploração do vigor híbrido em arroz tem potencial para ultrapassar os patamares de produtividade na maioria dos programas de melhoramento. Isto é limitado pela inerente dificuldade em obter e testar as novas combinações híbridas, devido ao hábito de autogamia da espécie. O presente usou marcadores moleculares para avaliar recursos genéticos de arroz (acessos, linhagens e variedades) conservadas pelo Banco Brasileiro de Germoplasma de Arroz, bem como linhagens do Programa de Produção de Híbridos de Arroz através do sistema de macho-esterilidade citoplasmática (CMS) estabelecido pela EMBRAPA. Novas ferramentas para análise molecular foram desenvolvidas durante o trabalho, gerando dados para análise genética do germoplasma de arroz e para estudar a correlação entre heterose e distância genética (DG) de parentais. Marcadores RAPD e SSR foram usados na avaliação de 108 acessos de arroz de sequeiro e irrigado representando a base do melhoramento de arroz no Brasil ('coleção referência' de arroz - CR), incluindo 21 progenitores da população de seleção recorrente CNA-5, dois acessos de O. glumaepatula e um de O. rufipogon. As amostras de O. sativa foram classificadas nas subespécies indica ou japonica usando (1) estimativas de similaridade genética e análise de agrupamento baseada em marcadores RAPD e SSR polimórficos, (2) descritores morfológicos e botânicos, (3) sistema de cultivo (sequeiro ou irrigado) e (4) marcadores RAPD específicos para indica ou japonica. Treze marcadores SSR previamente mapeados nos cromossomos de arroz foram selecionados e caracterizados quanto ao número de alelos, amplitude alélica e diversidade genética nos 108 acessos de O. sativa da CR. As freqüências alélicas foram computadas em cada loco e podem agora ser usadas como um banco de dados referência para acuradas análises de vínculo genético em arroz, como requerida para testes de paternidade de híbridos, análises de contaminação de amostras e proteção de cultivares. Dois sistemas multiplex foram desenvolvidos permitindo genotipagem rápida e fiel de 11 locos SSR através de detecção fluorescente em seqüenciadores automáticos de DNA. O polimorfismo destes locos foi utilizado em estimativas de DG entre quatro linhagens macho-estéreis e suas mantenedoras. DG par-a-par de quatro linhagens macho-estéreis, 45 mantenedoras e 224 linhagens restauradoras foram estimadas com marcadores RAPD. As linhagens restauradoras foram classificadas em três categorias de acordo com sua similaridade genética (alto, intermediário e baixo) em relação às quatro linhagens macho-estéreis. Um total de 70 híbridos foram formados, baseados nos níveis de similaridade genética entre as linhagens macho-estéreis e restauradoras. Os híbridos foram avaliados para produtividade, componentes de produtividade, características agronômicas em experimento de campo e estudo de correlação entre DG e heterose foi realizado. Análises de agrupamento baseados em 114 marcadores RAPD e 13 locos SSR detectaram forte estruturação genética da CR em dois grupos correspondentes às subespécies indica (36 % dos acessos) e japonica (64 % dos acessos). Os dados indicaram que alguns acessos são, provavelmente derivados de cruzamento inter-subespecífico indica x japonica (I/J). A classificação dos acessos de arroz nas subespécies indica e japonica foi consistente entre os diferentes métodos empregados, com exceção do sistema de cultivo (irrigado e de sequeiro). Das 267 linhagens CMS analisadas com os quatro marcadores RAPD específicos, nove foram classificadas como japonica, 104 como indica e 158 como possíveis intercruzamentos (I/J) entre as duas subespécies. Os dados revelaram que algumas mantenedoras tem background genético (japonica) diferente do observado nas linhagens macho-estéreis (indica). Polimorfismo entre linhagens macho-estéreis e suas mantenedoras, detectadas com os 11 locos SSR dos sistemas multiplex confirmaram estas diferenças. Os novos híbridos apresentaram produtividade maior que as variedades usadas como controle, chegando a 9,8 t/ha. Diferença estatisticamente significativa entre híbridos formados de cruzamentos indica x indica e indica x japonica foram detectadas em algumas variáveis. Correlação entre DG e heterose foi observada em algumas combinações genotípicas específicas. Entretanto, os dados não permitem uma clara relação entre DG e heterose no germoplasma estudado.
- Published
- 2001
28. Sistemas de cultivo e dinâmica da matéria orgânica
- Author
-
Séguy, Lucien, Bouzinac, Serge, and Maronezzi, Angelo Carlos
- Subjects
Semis direct ,Modèle ,Pennisetum ,Glycine max ,F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture ,Recherche ,Conservation des sols ,Performance de culture ,Conduite de la culture ,Biomasse ,Couverture végétale ,Innovation ,Gossypium ,Donnée de production ,Oryza ,Gestion du sol ,Système de culture - Published
- 2001
29. SAFRA 2000/2001. Programa arroz hibrido
- Author
-
Taillebois, James E.
- Subjects
Sélection ,Hybride ,Culture irriguée ,Oryza ,Multiplication des plantes ,F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes ,Riz irrigué ,Riz pluvial ,Production de semences ,Essai de variété - Published
- 2001
30. O plantio direto na peri amazônia : A experiência do Cirad-Ca
- Author
-
Séguy, Lucien and Bouzinac, Serge
- Subjects
F07 - Façons culturales ,Semis direct ,Gossypium ,F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture ,Oryza ,Gestion du sol ,Sol tropical ,Diversification ,Système de culture - Published
- 2001
31. Ganhos na produtividade de grãos pelo melhoramento genético do arroz irrigado no meio-norte do Brasil
- Author
-
Takumi Yokokura, Paulo Hideo Nakano Rangel, Orlando Peixoto de Morais, Elcio Perpetuo Guimaraes, and José Almeida Pereira
- Subjects
genetic gain ,Breeding program ,Agriculture (General) ,Oryza sativa ,correlações genéticas ,Biology ,Oryza ,Genetic correlation ,S1-972 ,Yield (wine) ,Grain quality ,genetic parameters ,cultivars ,Cultivar ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,cultivares ,parâmetros genéticos ,biology.organism_classification ,ganho genético ,lcsh:S1-972 ,genetic correlation ,Agronomy ,Genetic gain ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
Objetivando avaliar os progressos obtidos pelo programa de melhoramento genético do arroz (Oryza sativa L.) irrigado, desenvolvido no meio-norte do Brasil, foram analisados os dados de produtividade de grãos, floração média, altura de planta e acamamento das linhagens componentes de 37 ensaios comparativos avançados, conduzidos de 1984 a 1997. Além das testemunhas (`Cica 8' e `Metica 1'), 89 linhagens foram contempladas neste estudo. Nesse período, o ganho médio anual de produtividade foi de apenas 0,3%, significativo (p < 0,05), porém de baixa magnitude. As correlações genéticas estimadas pelos métodos convencional e indireto foram de magnitudes semelhantes. Das seis cultivares recomendadas para cultivo no período avaliado, a Diamante proporcionou ganhos consideráveis quanto à qualidade dos grãos, em comparação com as testemunhas. Data from 37 advanced yield trials, conducted from 1984 to 1997, were analyzed to evaluate the genetic progress made by the Brazilian Mid-north Region irrigated rice (Oryza sativa L.) breeding program. The following traits were measured: grain yield, days to flowering, plant height, and lodging. These trials had 89 breeding lines and two checks (`Cica 8' and `Metica 1'). During these 14 years of experiments, the annual gain for grain yield was small and equal to 0.3%, but statistically significant (P < 0.05). The genetic correlations estimated by the conventional and indirect methods were similar. Out of the six cultivars recommended for the region during this period, the cultivar Diamante provided significant gains for grain quality, when compared to the checks.
- Published
- 2000
32. Plantio direto e resistência das culturas as doenças
- Author
-
Séguy, Lucien, Bouzinac, Serge, and Maronezzi, Angelo Carlos
- Subjects
F07 - Façons culturales ,Gossypium ,Semis direct ,Mulch ,Zone humide ,Oryza ,Résistance aux maladies ,Arachis pintoi ,Rendement des cultures ,Eleusine coracana ,H20 - Maladies des plantes ,Zone tropicale - Published
- 1999
33. Relatorio da missao a Moçambique. Projecto Lomaco-Montepuez, de 26 de Abril a 8 de Maio de 1999. Apoio tecnico, melhoramento varietal do algodoeiro
- Author
-
Gaborel, Christian and Dessauw, Dominique
- Subjects
Gossypium ,Oryza ,Multiplication des plantes ,Coton ,Amélioration des plantes ,Zea mays ,F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes ,Rendement des cultures ,Arachis hypogaea ,Propriété technologique ,Essai de variété - Published
- 1999
34. Gestão da fertilidade nos sistemas de cultura mecanizados nos tropicos umidos : o caso das frentes pioneiras dos Cerrados e florestas umidas no centro norte do Mato Grosso
- Author
-
Séguy, Lucien, Bouzinac, Serge, Trentini, Ayrton, and De Dortês, N.
- Subjects
Glycine max ,F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture ,rendement ,Oryza ,Conservation des sols ,Pratique culturale ,Fertilité du sol ,Système de culture ,Durabilité ,Sorghum - Published
- 1997
35. Red-rice control using the herbicide sulphosate alone or in mixture with adjuvants
- Author
-
J.D. Rodrigues, L.L. Foloni, Elizabeth Orika Ono, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), and Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
- Subjects
Glyphosate ,Oryza sativa ,Mojante ,biology ,Zaap ,Physiology ,Sowing ,Plant Science ,Crop rotation ,Oryza ,biology.organism_classification ,Biochemistry ,Silwet ,Crop ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,Germination ,Frigate ,Weed ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Mathematics - Abstract
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No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83581997000100005.pdf: 417863 bytes, checksum: 54b9f748b998455609bf4e409d5c33be (MD5) S0100-83581997000100005.pdf.txt: 18991 bytes, checksum: c276f8ace0fa46f5dbb6fde8206adaf1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1997-01-01 O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência do herbicida sulfosate, aplicado isoladamente e em misturas com diferentes adjuvantes, comparado com o herbicida glifosate, ambos aplicados com baixo volume de calda, no controle da planta daninha arroz vermelho (Oryza sativa L.) sob aplicação em condições de préplantio da cultura do arroz. O experimento foi conduzido em campo, sendo a área experimental instalada na cultura de arroz irrigado, variedade IAC-101. A área de pousio recebeu uma lâmina de água de 5 a 10cm de pro fundidade por dois dias, e após a retirada, o arroz vermelho começou a germinar. Quando o mesmo atingiu cerca de 20-25cm de altura, procedeu-se a aplicação de herbicidas de manejo (pré-plantio) . Após 16 dias da aplicação foi efetuado o plantio da cultura com densidade de 60-80 sementes/metro linear e profundidade de 3cm, sendo o espaçamento utilizado de 21,8cm entre linhas. Foram testados tratamentos com os seguintes produtos: sulfosate a 1,20; 1,44 e 1,68Kg i.a./ha e glifosate a 1,20; 1,44 e 1,68Kg i.a./ha, ambos os produtos aplicados isolados e em misturas com os seguintes adjuvantes: Poliglicol, Organosilicone e Amina Graxa, além de uma testemunha não capinada. Para a avaliação do efeito dos tratamentos empregados foram realizadas as seguintes avaliações: fitotoxicidade aperente, porcentagem de controle do arroz vermelho; altura do arroz vermelho (em cm); estande da cultura (no de per filhos/metro linear) e altura da cultura (em cm). Através dos resultados obtidos pode-se concluir que os herbicidas sulfosate, glifosate nas formulações comerciais Rodeo e Roundup, nas doses de 1,20; 1,44 e 1,68Kg i.a./ha, aplicados isolados (exceto o Rodeo) e conjuntamente com os adjuvantes poliglicol (Mojante), organosilicone (Silwet) e amina graxa (Frigate) (exceto Roundup, que foi utilizado apenas com o adjuvante amina graxa e sozinho), propiciaram excelente nível de controle do arroz vermelho, quando aplicados em pós-emergência e área total, e pré-plantio da cultura de arroz, implantada no sistema de plantio direto. Também foi verificado que não ocorreu diferença quanto à eficiência entre sulfosate e glifosate no controle do arroz vermelho, ambos controlando de forma eficiente a planta daninha. This research aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the herbicide sulphosate applied alone and in mixture with different adjuvants, compared to the herbicide glyphosate, both sprayed at low volume, to control red-rice (Oryza saliva L.) inpre planting condit ions of the rice crop. The experiment was conducted in the field; using the irri gated rice vari ety IAC -101. The fallow land was flooded for two days and after the area was drained, the red-rice began to germinate. When the weed reached approximately 20-25cm height, the herbicides were applied. Rice crop planting was performed 16 days after application at 60-80 seeds/linear meter density, 3cm depth and of 21 .8 cm inter-row spacing. The following treatments were tested: sulphosate at 1.20; 1.44 and 1.68K g a.i./ha and glyphosate at 1.20; 1.44 and 1.68Kg a.i./ha, which were applied alone and in mixture with the following adjuvants: Poliglicol, Organosil icone and Amina Graxa, be sides an untreated check. The following observations were made to evaluate the treatments effects: visu al phyt otoxic ity; % cont rol of red-rice; red-rice height (cm); crop height (cm) and the herbicides sulphosate, commercial formulation of Zaap at 2.5; 3.0 and 3.5 l/ha; glyphosate, Rodeo and Roundup commercial formulations, respectively, at 1.85; 2.22 and 2.59 1/ha, applied alone (except Rodeo) and in mixture with the adjuvants Mojante, Silwet and Frigate, resulted in excellent level of control of red-rice, when applied at post-emergence and total area, at pre-planting condition of rice crop implanted in direct planting system. UNICAMP Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola Depto. de Água e Solo UNESP Instituto de Biociências Depto. de Botânica UNESP Instituto de Biociências Depto. de Botânica
- Published
- 1997
36. Spatial Distribution and Coexisting Patterns of Adults and Nymphs of Tibraca limbativentris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Paddy Rice Fields.
- Author
-
Alves TM, Maia AH, and Barrigossi JA
- Subjects
- Animals, Brazil, Heteroptera growth & development, Heteroptera physiology, Nymph growth & development, Nymph physiology, Oryza, Population Dynamics, Seasons, Animal Distribution, Insect Control methods
- Abstract
The rice stem stink bug, Tibraca limbativentris Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is a primary insect pest of paddy rice in South America. Knowledge of its spatial distribution can support sampling plans needed for timely decisions about pest control. This study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution of adults and nymphs of T. limbativentris and determine the spatial coexistence of these stages of development. Fifteen paddy rice fields were scouted once each season to estimate insect densities. Scouting was performed on regular grids with sampling points separated by ∼50 m. Moran's I and semivariograms were used to determine spatial distribution patterns. Spatial coexistence of nymphs and adults was explored via spatial point process. Here, adults and nymphs had typically contrasting spatial distribution patterns within the same field; however, the frequency of aggregation was not different between these developmental stages. Adults and nymphs were aggregated in seven fields and randomly distributed in the other eight fields. Uniform distribution of adults or nymphs was not observed. The study-wide semivariogram ranges were ∼40 m for adults and ∼55 m for nymphs. Nymphs and adults spatially coexisted on 67% of the fields. Coexisting patterns were classified using one of the following processes: stage-independent, bidirectional attractive, unidirectional attractive, bidirectional inhibiting, or unidirectional inhibiting. The information presented herein can be important for developing sampling plans for decision-making, implementing tactics for site-specific management, and monitoring areas free of T. limbativentris., (© The Authors 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Arroz de sequeiro na fazenda progresso : 4.550 kg/ha
- Author
-
Séguy, Lucien and Bouzinac, Serge
- Subjects
Rotation culturale ,Glycine max ,Type de sol ,Oryza ,Conservation des sols ,P36 - Erosion, conservation et récupération des sols ,Fertilité du sol ,Riz pluvial ,Système de culture ,Durabilité - Published
- 1992
38. [Profile of the rice and beans food option when eating away from home at a buffet-by-weight restaurant].
- Author
-
Rodrigues AG, Proença RP, Calvo MC, and Fiates GM
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Restaurants, Young Adult, Choice Behavior, Fabaceae, Food Preferences, Oryza
- Abstract
The scope of this cross-sectional study was to describe the prevalence and factors associated with the choice of rice and beans (CRB) among diners in a buffet-by-weight restaurant. Data on anthropometric, socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics as well as weight and photographic record of the dishes chosen by the diner were collected. The representative sample consisted of 675 luncheon diners, aged between 16 and 81. A subsample of 396 diners was analyzed, consisted of two groups: CRB and non-CRB. The Chi-square test verified the representativeness of the subsample in relation to the total sample. The Wald test, the chi-square test and the Poisson regression with robust variance examined the associations between the CRB and the data collected. Rice and beans were not chosen by 38.4% of diners. The conclusion drawn is that the CRB can still be considered the norm among Brazilians and more frequent among men. The choice of not opting for the CRB appears to be associated with less healthy eating habits and increased risk of overweight/obesity.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. [Effect of weekly rice fortification with iron on anemia prevalence and hemoglobin concentration among children attending public daycare centers in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil].
- Author
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Bagni UV, Baião MR, Santos MM, Luiz RR, and Veiga GV
- Subjects
- Anemia, Iron-Deficiency blood, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency epidemiology, Brazil epidemiology, Case-Control Studies, Child Day Care Centers, Child, Preschool, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Prevalence, School Health Services, Socioeconomic Factors, Treatment Outcome, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency therapy, Food, Fortified, Hemoglobins analysis, Iron, Dietary administration & dosage, Oryza
- Abstract
This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, community-based trial. For 16 weeks, children in the intervention group (n = 180) received iron-fortified rice, while children in the control group (n = 174) received rice with placebo. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin < 11.0g/dL. Student's t-test was used to compare mean variation in hemoglobin between the groups. Hemoglobin concentration improved in both groups, with a mean increase of 0.42g/ dL in the intervention group (11.28+/-1.23g/dL to 11.75+/-1.16g/dL, p < 0.001), and 0.49g/dL in controls (11.06+/-1.13g/dL to 11.51+/-1.16g/dL, p < 0.001). Anemia decreased (p < 0.01) in both groups (37.8% to 23.3% in the intervention group and 45.4% to 33.3% in controls), with no significant difference between the two. Hemoglobin increase was significantly higher in children that received total iron = 53.76mg from fortified rice, compared to those who received less than this cut-off value (0.94g/dl vs. 0.39g/dl, p = 0.03). The findings suggest that this type of intervention can be useful in anemia control as long as fortified food intake is adequate.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. [Dietary factors and oral cancer: a case-control study in Greater Metropolitan São Paulo, Brazil].
- Author
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Marchioni DM, Fisberg RM, Góis Filho JF, Kowalski LP, Carvalho MB, Abrahão M, Latorre Mdo R, Eluf Neto J, and Wünsch-Filho V
- Subjects
- Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Alcohol Drinking adverse effects, Brazil epidemiology, Epidemiologic Methods, Fabaceae, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mouth Neoplasms etiology, Mouth Neoplasms prevention & control, Oryza, Pharyngeal Neoplasms etiology, Pharyngeal Neoplasms prevention & control, Sex Distribution, Smoking adverse effects, Socioeconomic Factors, Urban Population, Diet, Diet Surveys, Feeding Behavior, Mouth Neoplasms epidemiology, Pharyngeal Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
Dietary factors associated with oral cancer were investigated in a case-control hospital-based study in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, from 1998 to 2002. A total of 835 subjects, 366 with histologically confirmed incident cases of oral-cavity or pharyngeal cancer and 469 controls participated in the study. Dietary data were collected with a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were obtained from unconditional logistic regression, adjusted for potential confounders. Inverse associations with risk of oral cancer were found for the highest intake of beans, OR = 0.37 (95%CI: 0.22-0.64), raw vegetables, OR = 0.51 (95%CI: 0.29-0.93) and the intermediate tertile of rice and pasta intake, OR = 0.56 (95%CI: 0.38-0.83). Positive associations were observed for the highest intake of eggs, OR = 1.84 (95%CI: 1.23-2.75), potatoes, OR = 2.22 (95%CI: 1.53-3.25), and milk, OR= 1.80 (95%CI: 1.09-2.98). Some traditional Brazilian foods like rice and beans emerged as protective factors against oral cancer, independently of other risk factors.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. [Rice and bean diets increase hepatic and plasmatic activity of gammaglutamyltranspeptidase in young rats].
- Author
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de Oliveira IM, Fujimori E, and da Silva L
- Subjects
- Analysis of Variance, Animals, Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase blood, Organ Size, Proteins analysis, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Serum Albumin analysis, Weight Gain, Fabaceae, Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase metabolism, Liver enzymology, Oryza, Plants, Medicinal
- Abstract
The effect of feeding rice and bean diets in both hepatic and plasmatic activity of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase-(GGT-EC 2.3.2.2) activity was evaluated in growing-rats (Experiment A) and mature rats (Experiment B). During 28 days, the animals were fed with isocaloric-diets composed by tree levels of rice, bean or rice-and-bean protein. Similarly with the aproteic group, a significant increase on both the hepatic and plasmatic GGT activity were showed with the lowest levels of protein, when compared with 25% casein control group. This rise was more effective in growing-rats fed on legume-based diets (as bean or rice-and-bean diets), making evident a differential effect of age and an exacerbated effect of the protein restriction with the lowest sulfur amino acids disposal. These alterations suggest a metabolic adaptation of GGT to both the inadequate protein and sulfur-amino acid levels, thus supporting the hypothesis that the Glutathione levels may be reduced by these legume-based diets.
- Published
- 2000
42. [Bean and rice mixtures of high protein value (author's transl)].
- Author
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Pessoa DC, Lago ES, De Freitas LP, Antunes NL, Bion FM, and De Medeiros RB
- Subjects
- Amino Acids, Essential administration & dosage, Animals, Dietary Proteins analysis, Food, Fortified, Methionine administration & dosage, Nutritive Value, Rats, Dietary Proteins standards, Fabaceae, Oryza, Plants, Medicinal
- Abstract
The optimum content of different rice (Oryza sativa) and bean (Vigna unguiculata L.) combinations was studied in Albino rats. The mixture containing 3 g of rice proteins, corresponding to 41g of rice "in natura", and 7 g of bean protein, corresponding to 59 g of bean "in natura", presented the highest protein efficiency ratio and the feed efficiency ratio. Since the limiting amino acid of this mixture was methionine, new assays using varying levels of this amino acid as a supplement were carried out. The PER of normal rats as well as the "plateau" value of previously protein depleted rats were highest when 0.2% methionine was added to the mixture. The net protein utilization (NPU) confirmed these findings. The values attained after the addition of other amino acids were not higher than those attained by the mixture containing 7 g of bean protein and 3 g of rice protein supplemented with 0.2% methionine. The PER and the NPU values came close to those of milk.
- Published
- 1979
43. [Effect of sodium chloride and urea in free-water reabsorption by the collecting ducts (TcH20): quantitative aspects].
- Author
-
Marcondes M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Diet, Diet, Sodium-Restricted, Diuresis, Female, Humans, Male, Mannitol, Oryza, Osmolar Concentration, Technetium, Kidney Tubules metabolism, Sodium Chloride pharmacology, Urea pharmacology, Water metabolism
- Published
- 1978
44. [Digestibility and protein efficiency of a mixture of rice and beans].
- Author
-
de Angelis RC
- Subjects
- Animals, Body Weight, Caseins metabolism, Digestion, Energy Intake, Feces analysis, Female, Food, Formulated, Male, Nutritive Value, Rats, Fabaceae, Oryza, Plant Proteins metabolism, Plants, Medicinal
- Abstract
In spite of considerable work in the area of protein quality, consideration should be given in the monitoring of methodologies. In the present investigation the author studied (in rast) digestibility (D) versus score (s) of the mixture of rice and beans or casein diets, containing different protein levels. The parameter "DS" overestimated the value of protein in relation to other methods. Milk diet at 10% of protein was efficient in all nutritional situations.
- Published
- 1981
45. [Adult Culicidae mosquitoes in the irrigated culture of rice in the Vale do Ribeira, State of São Paulo, Brazil].
- Author
-
Forattini OP, Gomes Ade C, and Kakitani I
- Subjects
- Animals, Brazil, Ecology, Population Density, Agriculture, Culicidae, Oryza
- Abstract
A collection of adult Culicidae was carried out during the period from May 1984 to September 1985, in a rice field in the polder of the Experimental Station of Pariquera-Açú, in the Ribeira Valley (S. Paulo State, Brazil). CDC miniature traps, supplemented with dry ice, were used. A total of 2,686 mosquitoes were collected. The most frequent were the Coquillettidia and Mansonia genera (nearly 55% of the specimens caught). Aedes scapularis, as an isolated species, contributed with near by 11% of the total catch. Culex (Melanoconion) represented almost 24% of the mosquitoes caught. The sequence of events involved in the flooding of rice seems be associated with the production of Coquillettidia and Mansonia. Ae. scapularis seems to profit from the artificial ecotope represented by the irrigated rice field as a means by which to increase its adaptation to the artificial human environment. No evidence was obtained on the association between Culex (Melanoconion) catches and the cultivation of the rice field. It seems that cultivation exercises no influence on the local Anopheles and Psorophora species.
- Published
- 1989
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. [Rice bran in the treatment of idiopathic hypercalciuria in patients with urinary calculosis].
- Author
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Noronha IL, Andriolo A, Lucon AM, Wroclawski ER, Chade J, Borelli A, Leite MO, Sabbaga E, and Arap S
- Subjects
- Adult, Calcium blood, Calcium Oxalate urine, Child, Female, Humans, Magnesium urine, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Urinary Calculi urine, Calcium urine, Oryza, Urinary Calculi diet therapy
- Abstract
Ten patients with recurrent nephrolithiasis and hypercalciuria were given rice bran during 60 days. Hypercalciuria was reduced in all patients in an average of 40%. Urinary magnesium was reduced in 28% and oxalate excretion was increased in 28%. The rate of decrease of urinary calcium was 65% in the absorptive type and 33% in the renal type of hypercalciuria.
- Published
- 1989
47. [Differentiation between the acute and chronic phases of experimental hypertension in rats on hyposodic diet].
- Author
-
Magaldi JB and de Faria CV
- Subjects
- Animals, Blood Pressure drug effects, Oryza, Perinephritis drug therapy, Perinephritis surgery, Rats, Sodium Chloride pharmacology, Diet, Sodium-Restricted, Hypertension
- Published
- 1970
48. [Rice diet and ACTH in treatment of the nephrotic syndrome].
- Author
-
GAYOTTO F and MACHADO EM
- Subjects
- Child, Humans, Infant, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone therapeutic use, Diet, Nephrotic Syndrome, Oryza
- Published
- 1956
49. [Starvation and thirst diet and rice diet in the initial phase of acute diffuse glomerulonephritis in children].
- Author
-
GAYOTTO F, DE BRAGA NP, and SILVA O R DE S
- Subjects
- Child, Humans, Infant, Acute Disease, Diet, Glomerulonephritis, Oryza, Starvation, Thirst
- Published
- 1954
50. [Results of the treatment of hypertension and diffused nephropathies with the rice diet].
- Author
-
OLIVEIRA HL and CINTRA AU
- Subjects
- Blood Pressure, Blood Pressure Determination, Diet, Hypertension therapy, Kidney Diseases, Oryza
- Published
- 1948
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