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Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The role of family farming has been gaining strength, driven by debates based on sustainable rural development, the generation of work and income, contributing to food security. Organic fish farming is an activity that can be developed by these farmers to promote sustainability. From this perspective, the objective of this work is to analyze the economic/financial, environmental and social viability of fish production in an organic system in excavated ponds based on a case study. The methodology adopted to achieve the objectives has an exploratory and descriptive character, combining bibliographical research on studies analyzing organic production in general and fish farming with case studies. Over a period of sixteen months, the production of organic fish in a polyculture system was monitored, using natural foods from the property. In the analyses, economic viability analysis techniques were used: Net Present Value (NPV); Discounted Payback (PB); Internal Rate of Return (IRR); and Profitability Index (IL). The amount invested in the nurseries was R$3,220.60. The estimated value for selling the fish was R$2,477.50. In the economic/financial viability analysis, the results indicate a return from the second production cycle. In the social dimension, occupied family labor stands out and whose greatest demand is during the implementation period, while this need is low in maintenance. In the environmental analysis, the results indicated the preservation of natural resources, with the reuse of food waste produced on the property and care with water and the generation of effluents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In agriculture, agroecological production systems represent a concrete strategy to support the implementation of democratic processes of rural development, in which, based on local actions, farmers may be able to take a leading role in the local development process. The application of agroecological principles can collaborate to maintain traditional varieties and crops, promote the recovery and value of local culture, including management practices that stimulate and revitalize ethnosciences. The objective of this study was to analyze mountain agriculture through the agro-environmental practices of organic producers linked to the Agroecological Association of Teresópolis, based on the following pillars: environmental, social, cultural and economic. The methodology applied was a case study, including visits to agricultural production units for analysis of the production context and interviews with members through semi-structured questionnaires. The results allow us to state that organic agriculture in Teresópolis (RJ) is configured as an individual will inserted in a collective process, without financial support, presence or encouragement from the government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Esboços: Historias em Contextos Globias is the property of Esbocos: historias em contextos globais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Parsley is a condiment produced mainly by small producers, often in the organic system. Organic fertilizers make nutrients slowly available to plants when compared to inorganic fertilizers, an important quality for phosphorus (P), which is a nutrient that tends to fixate and adsorption. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the production of parsley with the use of organic sources of phosphorus in different proportions. Fourteen treatments were evaluated, resulting from the factorial 6 x 2 + 2: six proportions of two phosphate fertilizers (thermophosphate Yoorin® (TY) and bone meal (BM)), two doses (recommended (180 kg.ha-1 of P2O5, and double this) + two controls (without phosphate fertilizer; and with inorganic triple superphosphate fertilizer (recommended dose)). The proportions were: 100% P with TY; 80% P with TY + 20% with BM; 60% P with TY + 40% with BM; 40% P with TY + 60% with BM; 20% P with TY + 80% with BM; 100% P with BM. Shoot height, number of leaves, fresh and dry weight of leaves in two harvests and the total of these two harvests were evaluated. No significant differences were obtained in the two harvests. The lack of effect to phosphate fertilization may be related to the high initial P content in the soil (123 mg.dm-3), which shows that in this case, fertilization with this nutrient is not necessary to produce parsley, despite the official recommendation to fertilize with phosphorus in a soil with a high P content.

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of two strawberry genotypes submitted to different cultivation technologies in an organic production system. The genotypes tested were CREA FRF LAM 269.19 (short-day) and CREA FRF 114.01(day-neutral). The plants were grown in soil, troughs, slabs and pots. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial arrangement. The parameters evaluated were: dates of bloom onset, fructification and harvesting; several plant features; several fruit features; and yield components - total production; number of fruits, commercial production; production of small fruits and; total productivity. The dayneutral genotype allowed earlier onset of harvesting and greater vegetative development. Trough and bed cultivation provided higher fruit yield and quality in both genotypes. In beds, the fruits presented higher soluble solids content in both genotypes. In sum, the dayneutral genotype associated with the cultivation in beds provided the best agronomic performance in an organic cultivation system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT The no-tillage system for vegetables is an environmentally and economically suitable alternative, particularly for organic crops. However, further studies are needed using other plant species and under different growing conditions. This research aimed to evaluate the influence of different winter soil covers on lettuce development and yield under no-tillage system in an organic cultivation area. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with five treatments and six replications. The treatments used were three soil covers in the organic no-tillage system and two systems without cover crops and with soil tillage, one organic and the other conventional. The grass Avena strigosa (L.), the leguminous Lupinus albus (L.), and the intercropping of both species were used. The number of leaves per plant, stem length and diameter, head diameter, fresh and dry weight of plants, fresh weight of leaves and stem and Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) index were evaluated. The use of leguminous straw is recommended for winter cultivation of lettuce in an organic no-tillage system. Black oat straw, single or intercropped, impaired the development and productivity of lettuce in the organic no-tillage system in winter cultivation.

Copyright of Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Economia e Sociologia Rural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente is the property of Universidade Federal do Parana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The dominance in terms of entomofauna abundance in ecosystems is mainly due to the ecological functions they have. Insects are essential for the maintenance of agroecosystems as they interfere in the primary production of the crop. Conserving the abundance of beneficial entomofauna in agroecosystems is crucial for the stability of the habitat. This work was done to analyze the composition and structure of the insect community present in polycultures of organic vegetable crops in the southern region of Santa Catarina. The research was carried out at Chácara Koscrevic, located in the city of Laguna, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Six samples were taken in the summer of 2019/2020 and in the spring of 2020 using baited pitfall traps (sardines and honey) and randomly distributed by cultivation according to crop rotation. A total of 4,303 individuals were registered, distributed in eight orders, with Coleoptera and Hymenoptera being the most abundant. In terms of dominance, Coleoptera individuals prevailed in summer, totaling 1,106 individuals, and Hymenoptera in spring, with 628 individuals. The data indicate that the structure of the entomofauna can be affected by the climatic season. The fauna in summer is more diverse when compared to spring, following the characteristic pattern of insects. The edaphic attributes have significance in relation to fauna, that is, they interfere in its structure. The presence of beneficial insects was observed, such as specimens of Dermaptera, Staphylinidae and Megacephala (Tetracha) fulgida, contributing to the biological control of pests and the pollination of cultivated plants, demonstrating sustainability in organic crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work was to verify the influence of different colors of shading meshes on the phenology, biometry and physicochemical characteristics of Physalis peruviana in an organic production system. The experiment was carried out in the experimental area of UFFS, campus Laranjeiras do Sul - PR, in the Horticulture sector. As plant material, seedlings of Physalis peruviana L. produced in an agricultural greenhouse in the experimental teaching area were used. The experimental design was in completely randomized blocks, in a one-factor scheme, with four shading meshes (blue, black, red and white) + control (no cover), with four replications. For the phenology there was no statistical influence of the shading mesh colors. Plants with greater height and smaller diameter were verified using the blue color shading mesh. There were changes in fruit firmness, mass with calyx, diameter, height and soluble solids depending on the type of shading. It is concluded in this work that shading nets of different colors do not affect the phenology of the P. peruviana, but they change the biometric and physicochemical characteristics of fruits, with red color being the ones that provide the best results, the use of the blue colored mesh is not recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Extensão em Foco is the property of Universidade Federal do Parana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent years, the Brazilian Federal Government has expanded access to poisons through its commodity policies, supporting large agribusiness and disfavoring, in an inversely proportional relationship, the health and well-being of workers. We point out that pesticides represent a wide variety of chemical products presented in different formulations and concentrations and used in different environments: agriculture, animal sanitary bath, domestic use and vector control. We propose a reflection, which we believe is urgent. A change in people's health care, aimed at organic family farming, free of poisons or with due legal supervision regarding the application rules, added to a review of the legal permissions for the use of pesticides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aimed to identify reasons that led organic soybean farmers, Pérola d'Oeste Organic Producers Association (APOP) members, to leave this production system. To achieve this aim, we used primary data, collected through a form applied to APOP members. The results exhibited that needing for greater use of manual labor for the production of organic soybeans was the main reason that led to the abandonment of this system. Thus, investment in technologies that facilitate the management and cultivation of organic soybean, making production less dependent on manual labor, was one of the producers' suggestions for the continuity and expansion of this cultivation system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil degradation is a process resulting from the management adopted by the industrial agriculture, that configures an ecological and social crisis. In this context, agroecology as a movement, science, and practice, values diversification of food production respecting the edaphoclimatic conditions of the ecosystems. The agroecological practices demand methods that help farmers assess the health of their soils. Pfeiffer Chromatography is a simple and low-cost diagnostic tool. This article aimed to understand the soil health status in four land uses (agroforestry system, banana with green manure, fallow area, and forest fragment) in a certified biodynamic farm, located in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The results obtained, in a qualitative and quantitative way, allow us to affirm that the soils of forest fragment area and agroforestry system were the healthiest. The chromatography was an efficient method for analyzing the health of tropical soils, with potential for use by family farmers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Agricultural Research Company of Santa Catarina State (Epagri) is one of the main references in agricultural research. The objective of this paper was to make a bibliometric analysis of the scientific publications generated by Epagri, whose metadata are registered in the Epagri System of Technical and Scientific Production (Seprotec). The metadata year of publication, title, keywords, and publication type were considered in analysis. Metadata were analyzed in the statistical package R, using the UDPIPE library. From 1972 to October 2021, 15,841 publications were indexed in Seprotec, of which 67% as scientific publications. During the 70s and 80s, research focused on agronomic issues, seeking to increase crop productivity. From the 90s onwards, the environmental component gained relevance, addressing soil and water conservation aspects. Today, agricultural research in Santa Catarina is facing a new challenge, to make agricultural activity economically, socially and environmentally viable. Among the new research subjects, agroecology and regenerative agriculture stand out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The community and educational urban gardens increasingly present in cities. They are a sociocultural manifestation of preservation of cultivation traditions and an agricultural practice that contributes to sustainable development, but that must follow the principle of a biocentric posture. The present work proposes to promote through the urban garden the concept of community gardens as a space for reflection and interaction on sustainable development and environmental education. In view of this, we proposed to analyze the urban garden of the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança. The purpose of this analysis was to understand the dynamics of this project developed through a survey and to understand if the participants proposed to adopt an organic agriculture. We also tried to understand if urban gardens can function as laboratories of environmental education and be understood as community development tools, meeting the 2030 agenda of sustainable development goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Diversitas Journal is the property of Diversitas Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura is the property of Revista Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In a sociological perspective, this article evaluates the motivations and the formative repercussions of the frequency of training in organic farming from an extensive approach based on a survey online. The results reveal a change to healthy eating behaviours, notably marked by the consumption of organic foods. While at the same time, due to increased physical activity, revealing positive health effects, and well-being as well as reduced stress and tiredness. There seems to be a tendency for quality of life improvement, while at the greater environmental awareness. However, attending the course was not an opportunity to change their professional activity.

ABSTRACT: This research evaluated farmers’ decisions to adopt organic farming. It was first introduced by developed countries to minimize environmental impacts originated by intensive use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides to enhance production yield. Although, organic farming offers environmentally sound methodologies for crop production, but Asian farmers are reluctant to adopt organic farming. In this study, a survival analysis (SA) was employed to determine the reasons for and the time is taken by farmers to adopt organic agriculture. This research studied the farmers’ goals, agricultural policies, and attitude towards risk, as covariates in the survival analysis. A multiple criteria decision-making method based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to evaluate the farmers’ goals. Data were collected from agricultural farms located in three districts in Punjab, Pakistan. A questionnaire was used to collect empirical evidence. This study reported that the farmers’ goals were crucial to their acceptance of organic farming; furthermore, young farmers and farmers with risk-inclined attitudes were more prone to adopting organic farming. The study also determined that change in policy and introduce special package for organic agriculture can encouraged the adoption of organic methods.

The vegetable loofah (Luffa cylindrica) has multiple industrial aptitudes and its interaction with allelopathic substances of other species is important for the definition of management strategies and also in the search for control alternatives for invaders in organic crops. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the crude aqueous extract of carqueja (Baccharis articulata) on the germination and growth of seedlings of vegetable loofah. The experimental design used was completely randomized, with four replications and the treatments were composed by the concentrations of carqueja extract (zero, 25, 50, 75 and 100 g L-1 ). Seed germination was tested by the paper roll method with 25 seeds properly spaced over each germination paper. The evaluations were performed at four and fourteen days after the test was installed. The percentage of abnormal seedlings, germination and vigor, length of shoot and roots, dry weight of cotyledons, hypocotyl and roots were evaluated. There was a negative allelopathic effect of the aqueous crude extract from the shoot dry of carqueja plants on germination and vigor and on the growth of seedlings of vegetable loofah. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT: Exporting the organic fresh fruit (FF) to Europe and America could be regarded as great opportunity for smallholders and suppliers of Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan. Yet, the global organic farmland and the number of organic producers are continued to grow. To date, little is known about the behavior of Pakistani farmers towards organic fresh fruit production. This study examined the factors that influence the decision-making of fresh fruit smallholders concerning the conversion to organic farming (COF). This study uses Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior (TPB) to predict the behavior of Pakistani smallholders of fresh fruit. Path analysis examined the utility of the extended version of the TPB model to anticipate 277 small-scale farmers’ behavioral intentions towards the adoption of organic farming (AOF) and their prospect of converting their farm to organic produce within the next three years. The present study reported that the smallholders’ attitude (ATT), subjective norms (SN), perceived behavior control (PBC), and farmer’s group participation (FGP) were positively correlated with farmer’s intention to adopt organic farming, while group participation of farmers has significant correlation with their behavior regarding production of organic fruits. The present study justifies using the model of farmers’ group participation in policies that deliberately cheer up smallholders of fresh fruit to adopt organic farming, to raise farm incomes and to alleviate poverty.

This article presents the conception, advances, challenges and tensions that emerge from the proposal of an educational-pedagogical model for agroecology. For this, we present two educational experiences from micro-contexts in Mexico and Brazil, constructed by indigenous and peasant movements. One is the "U YITS KA'AN" Ecological Agriculture School, in Maní, Yucatán, Mexico, and the other is the São José High School, a rural school located in the 25 de Maio Settlement, in Madalena, Ceará, Brazil. We characterize the diversity, complexity, and combinations that permeate the strategies of the movements faced with the demand for agroecology education, and how these interface in the dispute for an educational model linked to the socio-historical context of the indigenous and peasant struggle in both countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work was to carry out an economic analysis of the use of protected environments and different volumes of containers in the cultivation of lettuce in an organic production system. The experiments were carried out in two protected environments: greenhouse covered with polyethylene and open on the sides and greenhouse covered with polyethylene closed anti-insect screen, in both, the experimental design was in randomized blocks with five treatments (container volumes): 70, 160, 250, 340 and 430 cm³. The protected environments were in an greenhouse covered with polyethylene open at the sides and a greenhouse covered with polyethylene closed at the sides with anti-insect screen. In order to evaluate the economic analysis, productivity and costs were used for each m2 of cultivation and the local price for the lettuce and inputs was considered in the last quarter of 2017, considering a 3% administration cost and a 6% opportunity cost, depreciation of infrastructure and land costs. There was profit above the minimum rate (6% p.a.) in all treatments, except the one with 70 cm³ recipient in an greenhouse with anti-insect screen, in an greenhouse without anti-insect screen, the 250 cm³ recipient produces the best economic indicators among all treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Competitividade e Sustentabilidade - ComSus is the property of Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The fertilization of vegetables by means of biofertilizers is mainly used by organic agriculture. However, there are few studies published evaluating the potentially pathogenic microbiota to humans in biofertilizers as well as its formulation according to the nutritional needs of the crop. Thus, the objective of this study was to formulate two optimized biofertilizers and evaluate their sanitary characteristics (microbiological and parasitological) and agronomic efficiency in the organic cultivation of curly lettuce. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in Lagoa Seca, Paraíba. The experimental arrangement was in randomized blocks, in a factorial scheme (2 x 6), with 3 replications, being two optimized biofertilizers (BIO I and BIO II) and six concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mL). The curly lettuce was fertilized with two biofertilizers, formulated with organic materials, and submitted to aerobic fermentation for 96 days. BIO II did not have contamination with microorganisms pathogenic to humans, while BIO I presented contamination with total and fecal coliforms, Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancilostomideo spp., Entamoeba histolystica and Entamoeba coli. The application of BIO I and BIO II promoted an increase in total production yield, commercial production, number of leaves, dry mass of the stem and root. However, the dry mass of leaves did not differ from the control treatment, regardless of biofertilizer. Further studies should be conducted to investigate the residual effect of biofertilizers and other application methods such as foliar spraying for BIO II. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A variety of endo and ectoparasites can affect livestock, causing poor animal performance and low welfare conditions. Haemonchus contortus (Trichostrongyloidae), Rhipicephalus microplus (Ixodidae), Cochliomyia sp. and Lucilia sp. (Calliphoridae) are some of the most important parasites to livestock in Brazil and in many other tropical and subtropical countries, where farmers need to be vigilant. Although a constant parasite control uses large-spectrum anthelmintics or synthetic insecticides, giving a timely potent reduction of the infections, they also represent a threat to the lifespan of these compounds due to drug-selected parasites. Thus, the development of plant-based therapies is a solid alternative for standard, agroecological, and holistic farming systems, as well as it is an important ally to combat drug resistant parasite populations. In this article, we discussed the scientific literature on plant extracts, notably hydroalcoholic extract or essential oils, used for the control of the above livestock parasites published in the last 13 years. Our objective was to pinpoint the most important issues for this promising area of research, exploring the potential and the challenges that are facing us by examining more than 150 in vitro and in vivo studies. Almost all the authors reported positive data from plants or isolates, the most important challenges that were faced during our search were the lack of a proper experimental study design, and the deficiency in the characterization of the plants used. It is our opinion that plant-based products may be a solid choice for parasite control in livestock animals achieving high welfare standards and mitigate farming input (i.e. use of chemicals and their waste into the environment). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Business cooperation networks are based on specific parameters: common goal, competitive earnings, interaction among partners and management. Networks of farmers focused on organic production are growing due to the increasing demand. The objective of this research is to propose a framework of organizational strategies and management and governance tools for networks of small businesses operating in the field of organic farming. The methodology adopts a qualitative approach and it is comprised by a conceptual and theoretical review as well as two case studies. The proposed framework shows organizational strategies and management tools- that are crucial for the networks to thrive. Management instruments include, strategic, integration, contractual and decision-making instruments. Global strategies correspond to strategies regarding competitiveness, strategies regarding the product/market and strategies regarding the use of means. The value chain activities comprise the functional strategies. Results revealed significant particularities and common aspects of the organizational strategies and management tools.

The objective of this study was to quantify the total contents and the organic carbon variation of soil with different degrees of lability in areas under organic fruit production system in the semi-arid Bahia. The study was conducted at Organic Bocaiúva Chacara located in Humble district, Feira de Santana, Bahia. The selected areas under different uses were: (CIT) Cultivation of citrus, (MAR) passion fruit cultivation and (ABA) area under pineapple cultivation. For comparison it was also evaluated an area under native forest system (MN). For each use system soil samples were collected at 0-10 and 10-20 cm in four replications. To obtain the different fractions was used doses of 2.5 and 5 ml of concentrated H2SO4, which corresponded to concentrations of 3 and 6 mol L-1, respectively, while keeping constant the concentration of K2Cr2O7 in 0.167 mol L-1. Total organic carbon was obtained by wet oxidation with an external source of heat. The results show that the organic production systems studied non labile C is the highest percentage in the formation of COT. The SEA area presented organic carbon values in the various fractions and the COT like reference system (MN), which indicates that the system is being handled properly, causing no decrease in the levels of organic matter in the soil

Since the introduction of the red palm mite, Raoiella indica, in Brazil, some control methods have been studied to suppress this pest, such as the quarantine, chemical, biological and plant extract control. This study aimed to evaluate the lethal potential of aqueous extracts of Piper aduncum, P. callosum, P. hostmannianum, P. marginatum and P. peltatum against R. indica. The residual contact action of the extracts applied by immersion at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% was evaluated, and the action evaluated at three exposure periods, 24, 48 and 72 h. From the mortality data at the different concentrations and at each exposure period, corrected mortalities and lethal concentrations (LC25% and LC50%) of the piperaceous extracts for the R. indica population were determined. Only the extracts of P. aduncum, at 5% after 24 h of exposure, and P. callosum, in this same concentration at all times of exposure, did not present corrected mortality different from the control. The LC25% ranged from 0.99 to 13.02%, 1.29 to 7.89% and 1.82 to 7.69%, respectively, for the 24, 48 and 72 h exposure periods. Already the LC50%, respectively for the same exposure periods, ranged from 2.27 to 21.29%, 2.33 to 13.26% and 2.84 to 10.94%. The aqueous leaf extracts of the five species of piperaceous showed toxicological effect the R. indica population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complexity of the organizational environment and the new market challenges lead to intensive exploitation and consequent degradation of natural resources, which is why the monitoring of agroecosystems is indispensable for the development of production units. At this juncture, the work aimed to evaluate the sustainability of the agroecosystem in Nhocuene, Gaza, Mozambique. The study was carried out through an interview addressed to producers and analyzed based on content techniques. Twenty-three ecological and socioeconomic dimension indicators were evaluated, where the results showed instability of the agroecosystem justified by the low levels of sustainability in the dimensions (i) ecological: productivity (4), intensity of use of the area (3), organic matter from the property (4), variation in productivity (4), area with organic cultivation (0), diversity of alternative techniques (3) and loss of harvest (3); (ii) economic: economic control of product prices (3), financial control of activities developed (0), form of presentation of products in markets (1), destination of product produced (3) and difficulty of access to rural credit (3) and (iii) social: people occupied by ha (2), satisfaction with activity developed (4), level of education (4), participation in agricultural courses (0), organizations and associations (0) and satisfaction with public technical assistance, (4). The potential of the agroecosystem was evidenced in the good averages found in the availability of water and areas with erosion, 10 (in the ecological dimension), productive diversity for family consumption, 9, and resistance to drought, 10, (in the economic dimension) and state of health of producers, 10, (in the social dimension) Based on the results, it was noted that the academic training of professionals working in technical assistance in Nhocuene must take into account the very diverse reality of family farmers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Agrotecnologia is the property of Universidade Estadual de Goias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Política & Sociedade: Revista de Sociologia Política is the property of Revista Politica & Sociedade and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The spotted wing Drosophila has significant economy relevance due to attacking thin epicarp fruits, which have high commercial value, mainly for "in natura" consumption. The Brazilian pest reports to date are distributed in the states of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Goiás, and Minas Gerais. Our study aimed to record the enlargement of occurrence area of this species in the Serrana region of Santa Catarina. For this, traps PET type baited with apple cider vinegar in an organic strawberry crop in a semi-hydroponic system in the municipality Frei Rogério. Traps monitored 8.600 plants for ten days, and the collected material was evaluated with a stereoscopic microscope. Several insects of Drosophilidae family were collected, of which ninety-eight females and four males of Drosophila suzukii, thus revealing the enlargement of pest presence in the Serrana region of Santa Catarina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L. cv. Elliot) from organic and conventional sources were subjected to either a pre-harvest application with an organic biostimulant or a post-harvest coverage with sucralose. Fruits were assessed in terms of firmness, dry matter, ascorbic acid, soluble solids, sensory attributes and color, during storage at 0 °C and RH of 90%, for a period of 21 days. Each trial with three treatments: T0correspondingto the control, T1to an application of biostimulant,22 days before harvest, and T2 to a post-harvest coverage with sucralose. Fruits were evaluated in sensory aspect, with the participation of thirteen panelists, on day fifteen after being harvested and stored. Evaluations of both maturity and quality parameters were performed on days 1,7, 14and 21post-harvest.Pre-harvest treatment with the organic biostimulant showed a higher variation in dry matter and soluble solids, but these variations are not significant. The group with a coverage of Sucralose showed a significant increase in fruit firmness. The best sensory evaluation, was given by the panelists to the organic farming. Fruit measurements, such as color, ascorbic acid and colorimetry showed no significant differences in the results.

ABSTRACT - This study was conducted to compare live weight, feed intake, feed conversion, mortality rate, and some carcass characteristics of Japanese quails reared under organic and conventional conditions. A total of 180 one-day-old quail chicks were randomly divided into six groups ― Conventional, consuming conventional feed ad libitum; Control (C), consuming organic feed ad libitum; C+P, consuming organic feed ad libitum + pasture; 80C+P, consuming 80% of control + pasture; 70C+P, consuming 70% of control + pasture; and 50C+P, consuming 50% of control + pasture ― with three replicates. The conventional group was kept for 6 weeks, while the control, C+P, 80C+P, 70C+P, and 50C+P groups were reared until the end of 10 weeks of age. Raising systems significantly affected live weight, feed intake, and feed conversion. The analysis showed that the meat yield of quail raised in organic conditions had better results than those raised in conventional conditions in terms of appearance, color, aroma, and flavor. The group consuming 50% of control plus pasture was more advantageous than the other organic groups and the conventional group at the end of the 10-week fattening period. The organic production system can be a good system to meet the demand of consumers who seek more natural products.

ABSTRACT: The infestation of coffee leaf miner and its predation by wasps were assessed in commercial organic coffee plantings shaded with leucaena or intercropped with pigeon pea. Plantings in northern Paraná were assessed every two weeks from June 2011 to December 2012. The percent of infested leaves, number of mines per leaf and the percent of predation by wasps (indicated by lacerations) were determined. Fewer coffee leaf miners and fewer mines per leaf were found in pigeon pea intercropped plantings (28.4% and 0.3, respectively) than in shaded plantings with leucaena (48.1% and 0.8, respectively). More predation by wasps was found in the shaded (27.2%) than in the intercropped (13.2%) plantings. Suggestions for new studies are presented along with suggestions for managing the leaf miner in coffee plantings.

This paper presents a review of recent literature covering decision-making and organic farming. Two databases, Science-Direct and SciELO, were used to look for studies within the 2005-2015 period. A total of eighteen documents that met our criteria were found and used for this paper. Particular attention has been given to the methodology employed in these studies, and following the classification by Bohak et. al. 2010, they have been classified as the ones that use general analysis and descriptive statistics in one hand and inferential statistics/mathematical methods in the other. The paper concludes with a few considerations that may be useful to promote organic farming studies involving decision-making.

Currently, one of the biggest challenges faced by organic no-tillage farming is weed control. Thus, the use of cropping practices that help in the control of weeds is extremely important. The objective of this study was to evaluate population density and level of weed infestation in an organic no-tillage corn cropping system under different soil covers. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with six repetitions and five treatments, consisting of three soil covers in an organic no-tillage system, and an organic and a conventional system, both without soil cover. The treatments with soil cover used a grass species represented by the black oat, a leguminous species represented by the white lupine, and intercropping between both species. Corn was sown with spacing of 1.0 m between rows and 0.20 m between plants, using the commercial hybrid AG 1051. Infestation in corn was evaluated at stages V5 and V10, and weed density was evaluated at stage V5. The use of black oat straw alone or intercropped with white lupine, in the organic no-tillage corn cropping system, reduced the percentage of weed infestation and absolute weed density. Management-intensive systems and systems without soil cover showed higher relative densities for species Oxalis spp., Galinsoga quadriradiata and Stachys arvensis. The species Cyperus rotundus showed the highest relative density on organic no-tillage corn cropping systems. Black oat straw in the organic no-tillage cropping system limited the productive potential of corn.

People do not have the food needed to meet their basic needs in many parts of the world. That is, they may be forced to eat what they have access to or what the circumstances provide for. Therefore, poverty and scarcity play a large role in the choices that many people have to make on a daily basis around produce and maybe an underlying cause for their decision to consume cheap, processed food. On the contrary, there is a significant body of literature that describes the typical patterns of hyper-consumerism in the United States even though people do not know where their food comes from. More specifically, they do not have a relationship with farmers, they do not know the farmworkers, and they do not recognize the dangers associated with fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides. This, in turn, may lead them into making poor nutritional choices regardless of their socioeconomic status. This scenario may also apply to people who chose to live a vegetarian or vegan lifestyle. However, there is an emerging trend of local and organic farming and mindfulness around personal and shared dietary wellness. This trend renews the cultural memories, intergenerational knowledge, traditions, cultural ceremonies and narratives of people from around the world who contribute to living a more sustainable (and healthy) lifestyle in relation to food. I will argue for a socioecological movement that serves to strengthen principles and characteristics for food mindfulness and the implication of creating heuristics or experiential heuristics for mindful eating. This theory is based on my work as an organic market farmer for two years. It mediates the hegemony of neoliberalism and hyper-consumerism and works towards ecojustice and food activism in science education.

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Applied Technology for Agricultural Science / Revista Brasileira de Tecnologia Aplicada nas Ciências Agrárias is the property of Brazilian Journal of Applied Technology for Agricultural Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Retratos de Assentamentos is the property of Revista Retratos de Assentamentos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Economic, social and environmental representativeness of family agriculture is increasing being acknowledged by governments and society. Pro-environment social movements focus on agricultural activities and require alternative methodologies for sustainable production. In spite of a favorable scenario for organic production compounding family agriculture, several issues are proper to the activity. Current research provides the situation and characteristics of family agriculture in Dourados MS Brazil, and identifies the most viable production method of small producers through a multi-criteria decision method based on a case study with a group of organic producers of the region. Results reveal that the method of organic production is the most adequate for family entrepreneurs according to production, market and logistic criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]