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RESUMEN | La camaronicultura es una actividad en constante crecimiento, lo que ha llevado al deterioro de los ecosistemas por la deposición de efluentes que impactan al medio ambiente, generando no solo daños a los ecosistemas sino también a la misma calidad del agua que ingresa al cultivo. Esta investigación busca evaluar la eficiencia de consorcios microbianos autóctonos (in vitro) en la biorremediación del efluente de una finca camaronera ubicada en el sector Cabello Manabí, Ecuador. Para ello, se analizaron los parámetros: fosfatos, amonio, nitritos, nitratos, sólidos en suspensión, oxígeno disuelto, temperatura, pH, DBO5 y coliformes totales. Se utilizó un diseño completamente aleatorio con un factor y 4 niveles y se realizaron 4 tratamientos: consorcio bacteriano (T1) incluyendo la levadura Saccharomyces cerevisiae, consorcio de microalgas (T2), consorcio de hongos (T3) conformado por Trichoderma harzianum, S. cerevisiae, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, y como (T4) un consorcio combinado de los tres tratamientos anteriores. Se observó una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en T2 con respecto a los demás tratamientos, pues debido a sus actividades metabólicas se logró la biorremediación de elementos como fosfatos, compuestos nitrogenados y coliformes totales, mientras que en los demás parámetros no se logró una mejora significativa. El proceso llevado a cabo por las microalgas permitió ajustar los parámetros analizados a criterios de calidad del agua para ser reutilizados en actividades agrícolas y ganaderas e incluso vertidos en cuerpos de agua dulce, concluyendo que la aplicación de microalgas autóctonas de la zona es útil para la biorremediación de los efluentes camaroneros de la localidad. ABSTRACT | Shrimp farming is a constantly growing activity, which has led to the deterioration of ecosystems due to the deposition of effluents that impact the environment, which generates not only damage to ecosystems but also to the same quality of the water that enters the cultivation area. That is why this research seeks to evaluate the efficiency of autochthonous microbial consortia (in vitro) in the bioremediation of the effluent of a shrimp farm located in the Cabello Manabí sector - Ecuador. For this, the following parameters were analyzed: phosphates, ammonium, nitrites, nitrates, suspended solids, dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, BOD5 and total coliforms. A Completely Randomized Design with one factor and 4 levels was used, using 4 treatments: bacterial consortium (T1) including the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae., microalgae consortium (T2)., fungal consortium (T3) made up of Trichoderma harzianum, S. cerevisiae, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum., and as (T4) a combined consortium of the three previous treatments. A statistically significant difference was observed in T2 with respect to the other treatments, since thanks to its metabolic activities, the bioremediation of elements such as phosphates, nitrogen compounds and total coliforms was observed, while in the other parameters a significant improvement was not achieved. The process carried out by the microalgae made it possible to adjust the parameters analyzed to water quality criteria to be reused in agricultural and livestock activities and even discharged into freshwater bodies, concluding that the application of microalgae native to the area was useful for the bioremediation of shrimp effluents from the locality.

Objective: Current treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD) involves psychological and pharmacological interventions. However, neuromodulation techniques such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may positively affect BPD symptomatology. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical and neuropsychological effects of rTMS on the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) in BPD patients. Methods: Fourteen patients with BPD were randomized into two groups (active vs. sham) for 15 sessions of rTMS on the DMPFC. Clinical effects were measured using the Borderline Symptoms List (BSL), Clinical Global Impression Scale for BPD (CGI-BPD), Borderline Evaluation of Severity over Time (BEST), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), and Barratt’s Impulsiveness Scale (BIS). Neuropsychological effects were determined by a Stop-Signal Task (SST), the Wisconsin Card-Sorting Test (WCST), and the Iowa Gambling Test (IGT). Results: Within-group comparison showed significant differences (p < 0.05) in CGI-BPD (total score and six of nine psychopathologic domains), BEST, HDRS, HARS, and IGT scores for active modality. Conclusion: The 5 Hz-DMPFC rTMS technique was well tolerated and lessened the severity of BPD symptomatology, especially abandonment, affective issues, interpersonal relationships, suicidal behavior, anger, and paranoid ideation. Cognitive improvement was seen in decision-making. Additional studies are needed to fully evaluate the effects of rTMS on BPD symptomatology. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT03832777.

In this essay I propose to illustrate multiple reading possibilities about life story of Peruvian artist of Italian origins, Juan Orsi, through his narrative, work and personal map drawn by him during our interview to discuss: the transmission of a 'duty of migration' that his receives from his Italian great- grandfather arrived to Perù, emotional geography that links Europe with their land of origin and Amazonian shipiba cosmography of indigenuos group which described as visual language that allows the artist and the migrant to create a channel of communication with cultural constellation which takes shape mutiple their sense of belonging, an intimate dialogue between various origins.