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OBJETIVO: Descrever a atividade de hematofagia de Aedes aegypti e Aedes albopictus em área submetida ao controle e à vigilância entomológica. MÉTODOS: O estudo foi realizado de abril de 1993 a setembro de 1994, na cidade de Cosmópolis, Estado de São Paulo. Utilizou-se isca humana para coleta dos exemplares. Calculou-se o número médio mensal de fêmeas capturadas por domicílio segundo as áreas central e periférica do município e os locais intra e peridomiciliar. Apresenta-se o índice pluviométrico mensal sem ajuste de modelo. RESULTADOS: Observou-se a presença de fêmeas das espécies em 83% (Ae. albopictus) e 61% (Ae. aegypti) do período estudado. Os meses de janeiro, fevereiro e março apresentaram maior atividade de fêmeas para as duas espécies, com maior presença de Ae. albopictus do que de Ae. aegypti. Os exemplares foram capturados na área central e periférica da cidade, nos períodos matutino, das 9:00 às 12:00 e crepuscular vespertino, das 16:00 às 19:00. Com utilização de modelo de regressão de Poisson, observou-se que fêmeas de Ae. albopictus foram mais capturadas no peridomicílio, independente se área central ou periférica. CONCLUSÕES: Foi detectada diferença no perfil de atividade da hematofagia somente para o Ae. albopictus, sendo de relevância o peridomicílio.OBJECTIVE: To describe the hematophagous activity of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in an area under control and surveillance. METHODS: The study was conducted during 18 months, from April, 1993 to October, 1994, in Cosmópolis, São Paulo state, Brazil. Human baits were used to collect mosquitoes. The number of females captured is presented monthly by area of the city and local in the household. The rainfall was measured and indices are presented without model adjustment. RESULTS: The presence of females of both species was observed in 83% (Ae albopictus) and 61% (Ae. aegypti) of the period studied. The months of January, February and March presented the highest rates of activity for females of both species, with Ae. albopictus being more frequently captured than Ae. aegypti. Both species were captured in central and peripheral areas of the city, during the day from 9 to 12 am and from 4 to 7 pm. By a Poisson regression, it was observed that Ae. albopictus females were more frequently captured in the peri-housed area, in an independent way considering the area of the city. CONCLUSIONS: It has been identified difference on the hematophagous activity only for Ae. albopictus, being of importance the outside area of the house.

This study describes the isolation and structural determination of two amides, isolated for the first time: N,4-dihydroxy-N-(2'-hydroxyethyl)-benzamide (0.019%) and N,4-dihydroxy-N-(2'-hydroxyethyl)-benzeneacetamide (0.023%). These amides, produced by the red macroalgae Bostrychia radicans, had their structures assigned by NMR spectral data and MS analyses. In addition, this chemical study led to the isolation of cholesterol, heptadecane, squalene, trans-phytol, neophytadiene, tetradecanoic and hexadecanoic acids, methyl hexadecanoate and methyl 9-octadecenoate, 4-(methoxymethyl)-phenol, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, methyl 4-hydroxybenzeneacetate, methyl 2-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propanoate, hydroquinone, methyl 4-hydroxymandelate, methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, 4-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid and (4-hydroxyphenyl)-oxo-acetaldehyde. This is the first report concerning these compounds in B. radicans, contributing by illustrating the chemical diversity within the Rhodomelaceae family.

Effects of nitrate availability in two culture media (von Stosch (VSES), and artificial ASP 12-NTA), and nitrogen sources (seawater enriched with nitrate, ammonium or urea in concentrations ranging from zero to 30 µM) were evaluated in two brown morphs (BR-1, BR-2), one light-green morph (LG) and one dark-green morph (DG) of Hypnea musciformis (Wulfen) J.V. Lamour. Higher growth rates of the four morphs were observed in VSES medium. However, artificial ASP12-NTA medium induced tetrasporangium development in DG morph. Growth rates of the four colour morphs followed kinetic of saturation-type nutrient uptake in treatments with urea. In contrast, growth rates of BR-1, BR-2 and LG morphs were inversely proportional to ammonium concentrations, and those higher than 15 µM were lethal. Growth responses of colour morphs of H. musciformis showed intraspecific variations, and they could be used as bioindicators of nitrogen pollution in marine environment by their low tolerance to ammonium.

O Festival das Tribos Indígenas ou Festribal é um evento que ocorre anualmente desde o ano de 1995 na cidade de Juruti (Pará), na Amazônia brasileira, e compreende à competição entre as “tribos” Munduruku e Muirapinima, concorrentes dessa manifestação da cultura popular. A Amazônia sintetiza simultaneamente a singularidade e a complexidade de um território que em tempo muito antigo apresentava um cenário abundante, habitado por diversos grupamentos humanos (tribos), além de que, em tempos modernos, agrega marca e produto. A partir do século XVI, com a colonização e a chegada do europeu, houve um tensionamento entre culturas que resultou na dupla consciência, efeito da ampla violência que transmutouse, evidenciando-se nas festas populares. Com foco na diversidade cultural da região e da comercialização de seus produtos, a publicidade criou a “marca” Amazônia, nas festas, na música, na dança, na artesania regional etc., e, a partir da origem e projeção da festa, este artigo buscou identificar nas letras das músicas da Festa das tribos, em 2019, modos de resistência representados nessa manifestação da cultura popular e o modo como esse sentimento é expresso. A partir de uma abordagem qualitativa e objetivo exploratório, fez-se uma análise semiótica do evento, por meio do audiovisual na Plataforma YouTube - pela percepção e apreensão dos sentimentos desses povos. Embora ressignificadas, as festas indígenas se perenizaram com base na oralidade, na contação de histórias de seus povos, dos mitos, crenças e das festas vivenciadas por seus antepassados. Essa análise encontra abrigo na teoria da folkcomunicação.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the testicular changes and detect the presence of Leishmania sp. in the testicles and semen of dogs with Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). The animals were obtained from the Zoonoses Control Department of Teresina, PI, and taken to the kennel of the Agricultural Sciences Center of the Federal University of Piauí, where they remained were maintained for two months and subsequently euthanized for testicles removal. Semen samples were collected from 12 dogs, 06 positive and 06 negative for VL. The following diagnostic techniques readouts were assessed for the sampled animals: testosterone dosage, immunohistochemistry (IMH), histopathology of the slides containing the testicular material, and seminal evaluation by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Testosterone values remained within the normal range for the canine specie and did not differ statistically among the experimental groups but displayed lower serum concentrations than those of the control group. All the testicular and semen samples from the dogs were negative for VL as determined by techniques IMH and PCR, respectively. The results of testicle histopathology revealed the presence of several lesions with statistical difference among the experimental groups. Parasitized dogs with VL have testicular lesions that may compromise the reproductive efficiency of these animals.

The aim of this study was to detect Brucella spp. in artisanal cheese commercialized in Parnaíba city, Piauí state, Brazil. For this study, 30 samples of curd cheese (500g) were randomly collected from different points in the commercialization process. In the laboratory, 25g aliquots of the samples were suspended in Brucella broth; after this procedure, 10µL aliquots of this suspension were sown in Thayer Martin agar plates that were supplemented with 10% defibrinated sheep blood and VCNT antimicrobials. After inoculation, the samples were incubated at 37°C in microaerophilic conditions for 14 days. The suspected morphological colonies were identified and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). From thirty samples of microbiologically analyzed cheeses, six samples (20%) were confirmed by PCR as bacteria from the Brucella genus. The detection of Brucella spp. was confirmed in cheese commercialized in markets or a public square (3.33%), bakery (3.33%) and small market (13.33%). Brucella spp. was detected in artisanal cheese commercialized in different points from Parnaíba city. Guidelines for the establishment of good practices for the production of artisanal cheese should be determined by the competent authorities. However, for the better control of human brucellosis it is necessary to control or eradicate bovine brucellosis in the herds.

The text analyzes a set of expeditions and research trips s and studies carried out simultaneously with the process of colonization and development of the Southwest region of the State of Paraná, between the decades of 1940 to 1970. It tries to map the diverse expeditions and its work of Diagnosis and recording of the physical and human characteristics of colonization and intensified territorial reoccupation after the 1940s with the governmental incentive for the movement of population cams from the extreme south of the country (Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) to the Southwest region of Paraná. The history of these geographical expeditions reveals a new look at the process of occupation and exploitation of the natural resources of the region, while they served to construct a set of spatial knowledge disseminated through the main scientific geographic magazine of that context: the Brazilian Journal of Geography , Linked to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, a governmental body of extreme importance in the formulation of strategic planning and diagnostics focused on territorial sovereignty and proposing solutions to national problems.

Abstract This study focused on the detection of anti-Neospora caninum IgG antibodies in cows in the dairy farming region of the state of Piauí, Brazil. To this end, serum samples were collected from 255 dairy cows on 17 farms located in the dairy farming region of the municipality of Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil. The indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) was employed to detect anti-N. caninum IgG antibodies, using anti-bovine IgG (Sigma®) conjugated to fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and a cutoff point of 1:200. Of the 255 samples analyzed, 69 (27.06%) were positive for anti- N. caninum IgG antibodies, the relative frequency found by property was: 1 (20.00%), 2 (53.33%), 3 (46.66%), 4 (53.33%), 5 (26.66%), 6 (6.66%), 7 (6.66%), 8 (20.00%), 9 (26.66%), 10 (26.66%), 11 (20.00%), 12 (20.00%), 13 (46.66%), 14 (26.66%), 15 (26.66%), 16 (20.00%) and 17 (13.33%). with titers of 200 (15.94%), 400 (20.30%), 800 (24.63%), 1600 (23.18%) and 3200 (15.94%), being the highest frequency for the titer of 800. This study demonstrates for the first time that cows from dairy herds of Parnaíba municipality, state of Piauí, are exposed to N. caninum.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of anti-enzootic leucosis virus antibodies and also to identify the association between seropositivity and management variables for this infection in cattle in the State of Alagoas, Brazil. A total of 17 herds were examined, totaling 341 animals, distributed in eight counties. The antibody detection was performed by the technique of agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID), using the antigen constituted of lipids and proteins from bovine leukosis virus. From the 341 samples analyzed, 95 (27.8%) were positive and the number of outbreaks was 12 (70.6%). Significant differences were observed for the variables: technical assistance (p

B. ovis pathogenicity was evaluated in experimentally inoculated and naturally infected rams. Ten animals were submitted to simultaneous conjunctival and intrapreputial inoculation with 2x109 CFU/ mL of B. ovis REO 198. After that, animals underwent physical examination and blood samples were collected for serology every week. Positive serology results started to be observed in the 3rd week, with fluctuations in titers. Clinical changes began in the 5th week after inoculation and were associated with positive serology in the acute phase of the disease. Presence of B. ovis in semen and urine culture was intermittent. Three non-inoculated animals showed natural infection. B. ovis was shed twice in semen of one serology-negative animal. The study underscored the pathogenic characteristics of B. ovis REO 198 in Santa Inês rams, as well as the importance of animals as potential sources of infection. Patogenicidade da B. ovis foi avaliada em carneiros inoculados experimentalmente e naturalmente infectados. Dez animais foram submetidos à inoculação conjuntival e intrapreputial simultânea com 2x109 UFC/mL de B. ovis REO 198. Depois disso, os animais foram submetidos ao exame físico e amostras de sangue foram coletadas para sorologia a cada semana. Sorologia positiva começou a ser observada na terceira semana, com flutuações nas titulações. As alterações clínicas começaram na quinta semana após a inoculação e foram associadas com sorologia positiva na fase aguda da doença. A presença de B. ovis em sêmen e cultura de urina foi intermitente. Três animais não inoculados apresentaram infecção natural. B. ovis foi eliminada duas vezes em sêmen de animal com sorologia negativa. O estudo destacou as características patogênicas de B. ovis REO 198 em carneiros Santa Inês, bem como a importância dos animais como potenciais fontes de infecção.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the agar gel immunodiffusion and the rapid serum agglutination tests associated to clinical signs in rams experimentally infected with Brucella ovis. The serological profile during the 12 months of infection showed a large fluctuation of antibodies that favors the failure in the diagnostic. The evaluation of tests after the experimental infection allowed to suggest that none of the tests were able to detect the infection throughout the period of study. The study reinforces the importance of considering the clinical signs to support the diagnosis of Brucella ovis infection in rams.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o uso do teste de imunodifusão em gel de ágar e o teste sorológico de aglutinação rápida comparados aos sinais clínicos em carneiros infectados experimentalmente com Brucella ovis para o diagnóstico confirmatório da brucelose ovina. O perfil sorológico durante os 12 meses pós-infecção mostrou flutuação da resposta por anticorpos, que favorece a falha no diagnóstico. A avaliação dos testes indicou que nenhum dos testes foi capaz de detectar a infecção durante todo o período de estudo. O estudo ressalta a importância de considerar os sinais clínicos para apoiar o diagnóstico confirmatório da infecção por Brucella ovis em carneiros.

The upper abdominal surgeries such as cholecystectomy, tend to evolve postoperatively with restrictive ventilatory disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the evolution of inspiratory muscle strength after training the respiratory muscles through the use of linear load device with pressure in patients undergoing conventional cholecystectomy. We studied 10 female patients with indication for cholecystectomy who underwent assessment of inspiratory muscle strength by means of the Maximal Inspiratory Pressure (MIP). Of these, six were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively (G1 - group 1) and conducted Respiratory Muscle Training (RMT) using the Theshold ® (twice a day on the 1st and 2nd postoperative day using 40% MIP) and four patients were observed in the post-surgery as a control group (G2 - group 2). The results indicate that despite the decrease in MIP postoperatively, there was recovery of inspiratory muscle strength on the first day of RMT, from 36.7 ± 13.7 cmH2O to 48.0 ± 13.7 cmH2O, and this increase was statistically significant (p As cirurgias abdominais altas, como as colecistectomias, tendem a evoluir no pós operatório com distúrbios ventilatórios restritivos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a evolução da força muscular inspiratória após o treinamento da musculatura respiratória, por meio do uso de aparelho com carga linear pressórica em pacientes submetidos à colecistectomia convencional. Foram estudados 10 pacientes do sexo feminino, com indicação de colecistectomia, e elas realizaram avaliação da força muscular inspiratória através da medida da Pressão Inspiratória Máxima (PImáx). Deles, seis foram avaliados no pré e pós-operatório (G1 – grupo 1) e realizaram o Treinamento Muscular Respiratório (TMR) com uso do Theshold® (2 vezes ao dia no 1º e no 2º pós-operatório utilizando 40% da PImáx), e quatro pacientes foram acompanhados no pós-operátorio como grupo controle (G2 – grupo 2). Os resultados indicam que, apesar da diminuição da PImáx no pós-operatório, houve recuperação da força muscular inspiratória já no primeiro dia de TRM, de 36,7 ± 13,7 cmH2O para 48,0 ± 13,7 cmH2O e este aumento foi estatisticamente significante (p

Tendo como foco discutir concepções de juventudes que se expressam em políticas públicas para jovens no Brasil, concentramos nossa pesquisa no Consórcio Social da Juventude. A partir da perspectiva da Psicologia Social, usamos como estratégia metodológica a problematização e como ferramenta teórica conceitos de Michel Foucault. Buscamos compreender como as práticas discursivas instituídas em políticas públicas definem e denominam parcelas da juventude. Ao problematizarmos as tensões elencadas do material analisado, discutimos quatro concepções de juventude: voluntária, digitalizada, trabalhadora e vulnerabilizada. Estas se constituíram em profícuos indicadores de análise para a problematização dos enunciados dos documentos e entrevistas. A análise sinalizou o quanto as políticas públicas de juventude estão inseridas em uma rede discursiva que desenha, forma e institui modos de viver de jovens - de baixa renda - na contemporaneidade. Observamos que, de forma generalizada, discursos de educação, cidadania, inclusão, entre outros, operam, principalmente, para legitimar programas de políticas públicas.Focusing on concepts of youth expressed in government policies for young people in Brazil, we concentrated our research in the Consórcio Social da Juventude - a national project developed by the Brazilian Government. From the Social Psychology perspective, we used the problematization as a methodological strategy and concepts of Michel Foucault as theoretical tools. We sought to comprehend how the discoursive practices installed in government policies define and establish portions of young people. Problematizing the tensions verified in the material analysed, we discussed four concepts of young people: volunteer, digitalized, worker and vulnerabilized. They turned into proficuous indicators of analysis for the proposed problematization. The analysis suggests how government policies are inserted in a discoursive net that designs and constitutes ways of living of young people - especially those of low income. We observed that discourses of education, citizenship, inclusion, among others, operate to offer credibility to programmes of government policies for young people.

Chemical investigation of the dichloromethane/methanol extract of the marine alga Bostrychia tenella has led to the isolation of two aromatic compounds, the new sulfate metabolite potassium 4-(hydroxymethyl)-benzenosulfonate (1) and the compound 1-methoxyphenethyl alcohol (2), described previously as a synthetic product. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods including NMR, MS, IR and by comparison with literature data.

Introduction: Type I thyroplasty is the treatment of choice for unilateral vocal cord palsy with no spontaneous recovery., Objectives: To compare the use of silastic implant with titanium vocal fold medializing implant (TVFMI®) in type I thyroplasty for unilateral vocal cord palsy with respect to subjective and objective improvement in voice, endoscopic changes in vocal cords, surgical time, and cost effectiveness., Methodology: This was a prospective study conducted on 40 patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis who underwent type I thyroplasty with either silastic implant or TVFMI®. Pre-operative and four-week post-operative assessment and statistical comparison were performed by videolaryngoscopy, stroboscopy, perceptual assessment (GRBAS), subjective (voice handicap index) analysis of voice, and computer-assisted acoustic and electroglottographic assessment. The duration of surgery and cost of implant were also recorded., Results: Although both implants showed improvement in quality of voice following thyroplasty, TVFMI® presents slightly better results in objective voice analysis. The surgery time for TVFMI®insertion was shorter, but the costs were higher., Conclusion: TVFMI® may be preferred for medialization thyroplasty as it presents better voice results and demands less surgical time; however, it is costlier than silastic implant.

Objective: To describe the hematophagous activity of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in an area under control and surveillance., Methods: The study was conducted during 18 months, from April, 1993 to October, 1994, in Cosmopolis, Sao Paulo state, Brazil. Human baits were used to collect mosquitoes. The number of females captured is presented monthly by area of the city and local in the household. The rainfall was measured and indices are presented without model adjustment., Results: The presence of females of both species was observed in 83% (Ae albopictus) and 61% (Ae. aegypti) of the period studied. The months of January, February and March presented the highest rates of activity for females of both species, with Ae. albopictus being more frequently captured than Ae. aegypti. Both species were captured in central and peripheral areas of the city, during the day from 9 to 12 am and from 4 to 7 pm. By a Poisson regression, it was observed that Ae. albopictus females were more frequently captured in the peri-housed area, in an independent way considering the area of the city., Conclusions: It has been identified difference on the hematophagous activity only for Ae. albopictus, being of importance the outside area of the house.