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OBJECTIVES: To assess clinical and coronary angiographic characteristics, previous medical history, and clinical course, by age group, in older adults after myocardial infarction who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). METHODS: Single-center, cohort study that enrolled all patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction who underwent pPCI at a specialized cardiology reference center in the South of Brazil. Older adults were defined as age ≥ 60 years, as set out in Brazilian legislation. Patients in the following age groups were compared: 60 to 64 years, 65 to 69 years, 70 to 74 years, 75 to 79 years, and ≥ 80 years. Patients' clinical course was assessed at initial hospital admissions and after 2 years of clinical follow-up. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19, and significance was established at p < 0.05. RESULTS: From December 2015 to December 2018, a total of 636 patients were enrolled consecutively. Angiographic success rates were around 90% in all age groups. There were no differences in medications used, except for glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, which were more frequently used in patients of lower age groups. Older patients had more in-hospital acute renal failure and higher in-hospital mortality. Predictors of mortality were age over 75, chronic renal failure, need for ventilatory support, severe arrhythmia, and sepsis. CONCLUSIONS: pPCI in older adult patients is a saf e procedure with a high success rate.

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Ischemic heart disease is the term associated with an inadequate blood supply to the myocardium due to obstruction of the epicardial coronary arteries, usually due to atherosclerosis. Patients may have chronic (stable) or acute (unstable) disease. Studies suggest that the risk of a patient over 40 years of age developing coronary heart disease is higher among men and incidence rates can reach up to 30% in both genders. Although the topic is controversial, there is evidence that associates the amount of alcohol consumed with the risk of developing coronary disease. Objectives: To investigate the correlation between alcohol consumption and the risk of developing acute coronary disease. Methodology: Prospective, cross-sectional, analytical, investigative and integrative study, with a quantitative approach, carried out in a large hospital in the North of Paraná. The AUDIT questionnaire was used to quantify the effect of alcohol consumption on individuals evaluated in an outpatient clinic 30 days after having a coronary event. Data were collected between the months of April and July 2023. Result: 52 patients were interviewed, 15 female and 37 male. Among these, 15 people did not drink alcoholic beverages. Among those who used it, around 50% used it harmfully or were likely dependent on alcohol, 30% reported having already caused injuries or harm to themselves or another person after drinking alcohol. 60% claimed that someone or a relative, friend or doctor, had already been concerned about their alcohol consumption or had suggested that they stop using alcohol, before the coronary event occurred. Discussion: The study found results in accordance with current scientific literature, relating harmful alcohol consumption to increased risks of developing coronary disease. Most individuals seem to be unaware of or ignore the harmful effects of alcohol on their health, not adopting changes or attempts to improve their lifestyle habits, such as ceasing alcohol consumption. Conclusion: The study suggests that people who consume alcoholic beverages in a harmful way have a risk of up to 17 times greater of developing an acute coronary event compared to those who do not consume the drink. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is one of the main causes of hospitalizations, and consequently, of death in the modern world. Type 4 is the AMI related to stent thrombosis/restenosis in patients who have previously undergone to a endovascular treatment with stent implantation to restore coronary blood flow. Objectives: Investigate and collect data on the epidemiological and clinical profile, risk factors and use of patients' medications and the incidence of stent restenosis/thrombosis, type of stent used (pharmacological or not) and affected arteries in those treated at the Hemodynamics of a large hospital in the North of Paraná. Methodology: Quantitative, retrospective, descriptive, integrative and observational research, through analysis of the medical records of patients undergoing coronary angioplasty due to stent thrombosis/restenosis, in the period from July to December 2022.Result: A rate of 4.1% was found of CTA procedures performed in the service due to stent thrombosis/restenosis, 93.75% over 51 years old, 75% male, 81% with drug-eluting stent, with 93.75% of patients with at least 3 risk factors; 87.5% being hypertensive, followed by 62.5% smokers, 56.5% dyslipidemia, 50% diabetic and 25% sedentary; 62.5% admitted with unstable angina, 37.5% requiring ICU admission, and 12.5% deaths. Argument: as the data collected, there was agreement between the study and those found in the scientific literature, where: the prevalence of restenosis is higher than stent thrombosis, that SAH was the main risk factor in both groups and gender, a strong relationship between risk factor and restenosis and suspected strong association between poor medication adherence and event. Conclusion: This study, carried out by collecting data through analysis of medical records, showed agreement with data from the scientific literature found. With limitations to the study, such as the retrospective analysis that did not allow evaluating conditions other than those provided in the medical records. It is suggested that strategies be developed through continued work, with the possibility of collecting other pertinent data such as medication adherence and other risk factors involved, to reduce events, with an impact not only on mortality but also on the quality of life of these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is a highly lethal cardiovascular disease that affects the heart, being the biggest cause of mortality in Brazil and the world. AMI is a multicausal chronic disease, where the individual's unhealthy habits are related to the high incidence of cases. Other factors that affect the increase in AMI cases are environmental, such as temperature and pollution. To analyze the association between mortality from Myocardial Infarction (AMI) and extreme temperature values, using generalized linear models (GLM). We used AMI mortality data collected through the Municipal Mortality Information Program (PRO-AIM), which monitors daily mortality records for several cases in the city of São Paulo. Daily mortality data from chapter IX - Diseases of the Circulatory System classified by the International Disease Code (ICD-10) were used and within this chapter we selected the set (I-20 to I-25) that corresponds to diseases linked to (AMI) from 1999 to 2014. Meteorological data were acquired at the meteorological station of the Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (IAG) of the University of São Paulo (USP). To analyze the association of mortality with temperatures, a generalized linear model was used using the quasi-Poisson method and distributed lag models. As a result, we found a high relative risk (RR=1.20; CI: 1.04 - 1.49) for cold, where the risk was present in the 21 days after exposure, whereas for heat, the risk was recorded for temperatures above 33°C for the first days of exposure to temperature. Bearing in mind that emergency care for cases of AMI can prevent deaths, a better understanding of the importance of weather can allow the development of alert systems with emergency care services and the targeting of campaigns to prevent risk factors avoidable risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT Adenosine is an antiarrhythmic drug that slows conduction through the atrioventricular node and acts as a coronary blood vessel dilator. This case report highlights two unusual life-threatening events following the use of adenosine to revert supraventricular tachycardia in a structurally normal heart: non-sustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and myocardial infarction. A 46-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with a two-hour history of palpitations and was diagnosed with supraventricular tachycardia. Vagal maneuvers were ineffective, and after intravenous adenosine administration, the patient presented with chest pain and hypotension. The rhythm degenerated into non-sustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and spontaneously reverted to sinus rhythm with ST elevation in lead aVR and ST depression in the inferior and anterolateral leads. The patient spontaneously recovered within a few minutes. Despite successful arrhythmia reversal, the patient was admitted to the intensive care unit because of an infarction without obstructive atherosclerosis. This report aims to alert emergency physicians about the potential complications associated with supraventricular tachycardia and its reversal with adenosine.

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Introduction - Left breast radiotherapy is known to negatively affect the heart and coronary arteries by irradiating them, increasing cardiac toxicity and the risk of heart problems. With the innovative techniques of Surface Guided Radiation Therapy (SGRT) and Deep Inspiration Breath Hold (DIBH) combined it is intended to evaluate the benefits of this treatment, increasing its reproducibility, and reducing toxicity in organs at risk in radiation therapy to the left breast. Methods - This systematic literature review followed PRISMA guidelines, using four databases: Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, using the Boolean operator AND and the following descriptors: SGRT, left breast cancer, and DIBH. The study selection process was divided into three steps: identification, screening, and inclusion, with the aim of selecting and analyzing the studies. The inclusion criteria applied were: studies published between 2017 and 2022, in full text with open access, articles written in English, and primary source articles. The exclusion criteria used were: studies that do not evaluate DIBH and SGRT techniques together, review articles, and studies that do not exclusively evaluate left breast cancer. In addition to these criteria, technical notes and studies that contradict the objectives of the present study were excluded. After the selection process, a total of seven articles were obtained. Results - Seven studies were selected for quantitative analysis and a summary table was created. These studies reflect current clinical practice in the joint use of the techniques under study. There were no significant deviations. In general, doses were reduced in the heart and lungs and in the left anterior descending coronary artery. Discussion - The clinical workflow protocols of the different authors show agreement with each other. According to studies by Zhang et al., Rice et al., and Kügele et al., the use of DIBH with SGRT decreases the dose in organs at risk, reducing the probability of radiation-induced morbidities. Studies also show that these techniques allow stability and reproducibility to be maintained during treatment. Conclusion - SGRT combined with DIBH reduces the risk of cardiovascular and pulmonary toxicity in patients undergoing left breast radiotherapy, allowing the reduction of complications adjacent to this treatment, such as: pericarditis, cardiac ischemia, myocardial infarction and decreasing deaths due to cardiovascular pathology. SGRT systems are constantly evolving, and guidelines have recently been published to ensure the safe and efficient implementation of this technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumo Fundamento No início da pandemia de COVID-19, os pacientes com infarto do miocárdio (IM) demoraram para procurar um hospital por medo de contágio ou dificuldades no acesso aos serviços de saúde. Objetivos Avaliar procedimentos de cardiologia intervencionista realizados durante a pandemia de COVID-19 e implicações na abordagem do IM. Métodos Registro prospectivo de 24 centros de hemodinâmica no Brasil, com pacientes adultos submetidos a procedimentos de cardiologia intervencionista entre 26 de maio e 30 de novembro de 2020. Os desfechos foram complicações cardiovasculares (CV) e não CV, morte e IM. A concomitância de COVID-19 foi confirmada com RT-PCR. Técnicas de machine learning foram usadas com modelos não paramétricos de árvores de classificação. Usou-se análise de correspondência simples com o software R. Adotou-se nível de significância de 5%. Resultados Este estudo incluiu 1.282 pacientes, 435 dos quais (33,9%) apresentaram IM: IM com supra de ST (IMCSST), 239 (54,9%); e IM sem supra de ST(IMSSST), 196 (45.1%). Dos 1.282 pacientes, 29 tiveram complicações CV, 47 tiveram complicações não CV e 31 morreram. O diagnóstico de COVID-19 foi confirmado em 77 pacientes (6%), com 15,58% de mortalidade e 6,49% de complicações não CV. A maioria dos pacientes apresentou significativa doença arterial coronariana (63%). Trombo intracoronariano foi mais frequente na presença de IMCSST (3,4%) e COVID-19 (4%). Tempo porta-mesa superior a 12 horas no IMSSST associou-se a 30,8% de complicações, 25% em pacientes com COVID-19. Conclusões Todos os óbitos foram precedidos por complicações CV ou não CV. A presença de COVID-19 foi associada a óbito e complicações não fatais dos pacientes submetidos a procedimentos de cardiologia intervencionista durante a pandemia.

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Cardiovascular diseases comprise the main causes of death worldwide and encompass several diseases that affect the cardiovascular system as; coronary artery disease, valvular diseases, heart failure, among others. With the progression of diseases, there is the possibility of clinical complications such as acute myocardial infarction. Over the years, factors that could intervene in cardiovascular events, such as physical activities, were studied, whether to prevent or control heart disease. Thus, the aim of this study is to analyze the influence of physical activity as a prevention factor for cardiovascular diseases through a systematic review, followed by a search strategy in the PubMed and Cochrane. Initially, 442 studies published between 2016 and 2021 were found. After analysis, 10 randomized clinical trials were selected and by Higgins' methodological quality, they were predominantly classified as low risk of bias. We infer that there is a favorable trend towards aerobic activities and anaerobic activity, being lactic or lactic, for the prevention of CVD, provided that the individual uses approximately 60%-80% of his heart rate, on a regular basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports a clinical case of acute myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA). The patient, a 61-year-old woman, was treated at the Padre Bento de Guarulhos Hospital Complex after presenting a rare case of MINOCA syndrome during hospitalization for subarachnoid hemorrhage. Angiography did not show significant obstruction in the coronary arteries. The patient was discharged after 48 hours with clinical improvement and was referred for outpatient cardiological follow-up and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. The article discusses the diagnosis and treatment of acute myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA). [Extracted from the article]

Objective: to identify the incidence, risk factors and outcomes associated with myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA). Method: it is a with prospective cohort study data collection from medical records data. Patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) that went through hemodynamic study in 2017 and 2018 were included. Results: when analyzing 445 medical records, the occurrence of MINOCA was observed in 28 patients (6.3%). Comparing the MINOCA group with the obstructive AMI group, patients in the MINOCA group were younger, with a mean age of 54 years (SD ± 14; p=0.007), had a lower incidence of smoking (2 versus 156, p<0.001), hypertension (10 versus 242; p=0.002), shorter mean length of hospital stay (days) (5.79 ± 3.05 versus 7.49 ± 5.20; p= 0.02) and fewer admissions to intensive care unit (5 versus 212; p=0.002). Conclusion: the estimated incidence of MINOCA among the total number of AMI in southern Santa Catarina was 6.3% [CI 95]. Patients in the MINOCA group had a lower prevalence of comorbidities, better in-hospital evolution and better outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The episodes of Ondas de Frio, in the city of Ituiutaba, have consequences for the health of the population, as well as for the patient care system, in the municipal health network. These climatic events are considered extreme, as they extrapolate what is expected for the period of the year. Health is understood, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease. In view of this scenario, this study had as main objective to analyze the occurrence of cold waves and its influence on the care of Acute Myocardial Infarctions - IAM, in the municipality of Ituiutaba - MG. For that, data from the automatic station, belonging to INMET - Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia, for the year 2019 were used. To determine the Cold Waves, the 5th percentile was used as a parameter and the attendance data were acquired from the Municipal Health Department of the municipality. It was observed that during the two cold waves that occurred in 2019, there was a significant increase in visits for infarction, reaching approximately 64%. The relationship of minimum temperatures with high wind speed and low relative humidity were crucial for this increase in cases of visits for acute myocardial infarction in the municipality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Diabetics are at 5-15 times greater risk of developing peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and few studies have compared risk factors and distribution and severity of arterial changes in diabetics compared with non-diabetics. Objectives: To compare angiographic changes between diabetic and non-diabetic patients with advanced PAD and correlate them with risk factors. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted of consecutive patients undergoing lower limb arteriography for PAD (Rutherford 3-6) using TASC II and Bollinger et al. angiographic scores. Exclusion criteria were upper limb angiographies, unclear images, incomplete laboratory test results, and previous arterial surgeries. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, Fisher's test for discrete data, and Student's t test for continuous data (significance level: p < 0.05). Results: We studied 153 patients with a mean age of 67 years, 50.9% female and 58.2% diabetics. A total of 91 patients (59%) had trophic lesions (Rutherford 5 or 6) and 62 (41%) had resting pain or limiting claudication (Rutherford 3 and 4). Among diabetics, 81.7% were hypertensive, 29.4% had never smoked, and 14% had a history of acute myocardial infarction. According to the Bollinger et al. score, infra-popliteal arteries were more affected in diabetics, especially the anterior tibial artery (p = 0.005), while the superficial femoral artery was more affected in non-diabetics (p = 0.008). According to TASC II, the most severe angiographic changes in the femoral-popliteal segment occurred in non-diabetic patients (p = 0.019). Conclusions: The most frequently affected sectors were the infra-popliteal sectors in diabetics and the femoral sector in non-diabetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Nursing & Health is the property of Journal of Nursing & Health (JONAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumo: Introdução e objetivos: A Internet é fundamental na divulgação de informação médica. Contudo, a ausência de controlo de qualidade potencia a “desinformação” da população. Pretendemos caraterizar a relevância e qualidade da informação sobre enfarte agudo do miocárdio em língua portuguesa no site YouTube (www.youtube.com). Métodos: Analisaram‐se 1.000 vídeos correspondentes aos primeiros 100 resultados da pesquisa no YouTube dos termos: “ataque + cardíaco”, “ataque + coração”, “enfarte ‐ cerebral”, “infarto ‐ cerebral”, “enfarte + miocárdio”, “enfarte + agudo + miocárdio”, “infarto + miocárdio”, “infarto + agudo + miocárdio”, “trombose + coração” e “trombose + coronária”. Excluíram‐se vídeos irrelevantes (n = 316), duplicados (n = 345), sem áudio (n = 24) e de língua não portuguesa (n = 106). Os vídeos elegíveis foram analisados quanto a origem, tema, público‐alvo e imprecisões científicas. A qualidade foi avaliada com os scores Health on the Net Code (HONCode, de 0‐8) e DISCERN (0‐5) – quanto maior, melhor a qualidade. Resultados: Incluíram‐se 242 vídeos, a maioria de formadores independentes (n = 95, 39%) e destinados à população‐geral (n = 202, 83,5%). Um terço (n = 79) apresentou imprecisões; vídeos de sociedades científicas e instituições de saúde/governamentais não apresentaram quaisquer imprecisões. A qualidade média foi baixa/moderada; apenas um vídeo apresentou boa qualidade, sem imprecisões. Instituições de saúde/governamentais foram a fonte com melhor qualidade (HONCode 4±1, DISCERN 2±1). Conclusões: A informação sobre enfarte agudo do miocárdio em língua portuguesa é irrelevante em um terço dos casos e um terço dos vídeos relevantes é impreciso. A qualidade média da informação é reduzida, sendo importante definir estratégias de controlo de qualidade da informação médica online. Abstract: Introduction and objectives: The Internet is a fundamental aspect of health information. However, the absence of quality control encourages misinformation. We aim to assess the relevance and quality of acute myocardial infarction videos shared on YouTube (www.youtube.com) in Portuguese. Methods: We analyzed 1,000 videos corresponding to the first 100 search results on YouTube using the following terms (in Portuguese): “cardiac + arrest”; “heart + attack”; “heart + thrombosis”; “coronary + thrombosis”; “infarction – brain”, “myocardial + infarction” and “acute + myocardial + infarction”. Irrelevant (n=316), duplicated (n=345), without audio (n=24) or non‐Portuguese (n=106) videos were excluded. Included videos were assessed according to source, topic, target audience and scientific inaccuracies. Quality of information was assessed using The Health on the Net Code (HONCode from 0 to 8) and DISCERN (from 0 to 5) scores – the higher the score, the better the quality. Results: 242 videos were included. The majority were from independent instructors (n=95, 39.0%) and were addressed to the general population (n=202, 83.5%). One third of the videos (n=79) contained inaccuracies while scientific society and governmental/health institution videos had no inaccuracies. The mean video quality was poor or moderate; only one video was good quality without any inaccuracies. Governmental/health institutions were the source with the best quality videos (HONCode 4±1, DISCERN 2±1). Conclusions: One third of the videos had irrelevant information and one third of the relevant ones contained inaccuracies. The average video quality was poor; therefore it is important to define strategies to improve the quality of online health information.

This is a descriptive study of an experience report about the actions carried out in the Viva Saudável Quixeré Project, in Primary Care for health professionals and users. It aims to expose the experience related to the promotion and prevention of risk factors for Acute Myocardial Infarction, carried out through the Healthy Living Challenge. Videos, cards, panels, banners, folders, cards, an Instagram for dissemination were produced, in addition to the creation of support groups to reduce obesity in the UBS, training for health professionals on risk stratification for hypertensive and diabetic patients and a course of Reiki. As a result, we had the adhesion of 184 health professionals, of which 88.9% reached the end and managed to change some life habit in three months. Therefore, the Project had a positive impact on the lives of health professionals and users, helping them to reflect on a healthier lifestyle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and affects 125 million people worldwide. Psoriasis is associated with multiple comorbidities, such as myocardial infarction and chronic kidney disease. The presence of systemic inflammation in combination with metabolic abnormalities may act synergistically to increase cardiovascular risk in these patients. The purpose of this paper was to review recent evidence on the association between psoriasis and cardiovascular comorbidities. Based on this review, we found a clinically significant association of cardiovascular problems in patients with psoriasis. therefore, the treatment of patients with psoriasis should not be focused only on the skin lesions. It should promote knowledge and alert clinicians to the need for tracking, monitoring and treatment of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cardiovascular Rehabilitation (CVR) is the sum of necessary activities that guarantee better physical, mental and social conditions for people with cardiovascular diseases. Phase I aims to perform physical activity as an essential intervention and should start soon after compensation for the clinical condition of these patients, when these individuals are submitted to surgery/ revascularization procedures or after a cardiac event. The purpose of the work is to identify the effects of CVR and the most appropriate clinical exercise prescriptions in phase I in the postoperative period of coronary artery bypass grafting, arranged in the literature. The written article is an integrative literature review carried out through research in BVS, Scielo, Medline and Google Scholar databases. The research was carried out from August to November 2020, the selected articles were written in Portuguese and English, with public at dates between the years 2010 to 2020. It was noticed that the patients showed improvement in some parameters such as heart rate variability, maximal inspiratory pressure, maximal expiratory pressure, peak expiratory flow, minute volume, tidal volume, vital capacity, and reestablished pulmonary functions through conventional techniques. associated with respiratory muscle training. The positive effects of Cardiovascular rehabilitation in phase I are indisputable; we can mention the increase in the functional capacity, the quality of life of patients after the cardiovascular event, the decrease in mortality and new problems related to risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Nursing & Health is the property of Journal of Nursing & Health (JONAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of RSBO: Revista Sul-Brasileira de Odontologia is the property of UNIVILLE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction and Objectives: Sex differences among patients with acute myocardial infarctions remain a matter of debate. Inequalities in presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis are frequently observed, contributing to a worse prognosis in women. The aim of this study was to investigate sex-related differences in Portuguese ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients., Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of STEMI patients included in the Portuguese Registry on Acute Coronary Syndromes, between October 2010 and 2022. The two co-primary endpoints were in-hospital and one-year mortality., Results: A total of 14470 STEMI patients were studied. Women were underrepresented with 3721 individuals (25.7%). They were significantly older (70 vs. 62 years, p<0.001), with higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, and underwent less frequently coronary angiography (84.4% vs. 88.5%, p<0.001) and guideline-directed medical therapy (e.g., aspirin 92.5% vs. 95.4%, beta blockers 79.2% vs. 83%, p<0.001). Furthermore, they experienced more complications, such as congestive heart failure (23.4% vs. 14.6%), ischemic stroke (47% vs. 40%), and in-hospital mortality (8.5% vs. 4.1%) (p<0.001 for all comparisons). Similarly, they presented higher one-year mortality (11.5% vs. 6.3%, p<0.001). However, after a multivariate analysis testing significant clinical variables, female sex remained an independent predictor for in-hospital (odds ratio=1.633; 95% CI [1.065-2.504]; p=0.025), but not for one-year mortality., Conclusions: This analysis reveals sex-related disparities in Portuguese STEMI patients. Despite limitations inherent to registry-based analysis, women were significantly older, with increased cardiovascular risk, less treated, and with higher in-hospital mortality. These disparities should be a concern for clinicians to further improve outcomes and move toward equitable medical care., (Copyright © 2024 Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

The physical therapy intervention is through cardiac rehabilitation where individual aerobic training protocols are established, in which the physical conditioning of patients who undergo coronary artery bypass surgery is increased. Objective: To evaluate and compare the protocols used in cardiac rehabilitation in phases II and III in post acute myocardial infarction (AMI) Methods: This is an integrative literature review using articles published in the Scielo, Pubmed and Google Academic. The review was carried out from May to August 2019 in Portuguese and English. Results: There were 18 articles related to the theme, among them only six articles made up the present study because it is part of the inclusion criteria. Conclusion: It is concluded that aerobic training of moderate intensity brings more benefits in the long term than compared to those of vigorous intensity. It was noted the efficiency of the cardiorespiratory system to stimulate the practice of early and progressive activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To identify Brazilian and international scientific evidence about the use of educational technologies by nurses for patients after acute myocardial infarction. The integrative literature review was conducted with the descriptors: Myocardial Infarction, Nursing Care, Health Education and Educational Technology in the databases LILACS, PUBMED and MEDLINE. We found a sample of 15 articles, all international, which were discussed in two classes: health education contributions to improving the quality of life after acute myocardial infarction; technologies such as educational tool and self adherence to therapy after acute myocardial infarction. The implementation of quality educational programs managed by nurses after coronary event, focusing on guidance, advice, support and encouragement the patient's abilities, reduces secondary events and promotes better adaptation to the health condition, self-management and adherence to self-care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study, based on medical records analysis and literature review, addresses the condition of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) of non-atherosclerotic etiology, resulting from coronary embolism, consequent to atrial fibrillation (AF). IAM caused by embolism has poorly established pathophysiology, control and prognosis, although the therapeutic approach corresponds to that observed in atherosclerotic AMI, in most cases. The goal of this study was to report and discuss the episode of a non-atherosclerotic AMI due to coronary embolism, in order to prevent new diagnoses from going unnoticed. In conclusion, AF was the etiological factor involved in this event and the involvement of the right coronary artery, as observed in this case, is not recurrent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Reports of cardiovascular complications related to the COVID-19 infection have been frequent. Methods: Narrative review for relevant articles on the topic. The classic cardiovascular risk factors, like age, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension are associated with adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Cardiovascular complications can have a diverse clinical presentation including silent myocardial injury, acute coronary syndromes, thromboembolism, cardiac arrhythmias, and heart failure. There are multiple mechanisms of cardiac injury that are not mutually exclusive. The approach to diagnosis and management should be carried out according to usual practice, while considering the particularities of COVID-19 infection. Conclusion: The interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and the heart is complex and is manifested in multiple ways. Regardless of the clinical presentation, cardiac complications convey a worse prognosis. Patients should be actively monitored and treated accordingly.

Objective: Identify the priority nursing diagnosis in the post-myocardial infarction patient with ST segment elevation. Methods: Observational, longitudinal, prospective study conducted with 54 patients of both sexes, admitted in the acute phase of infarction during the first five days post-infarction (D1 to D5), in a teaching hospital. Sampling was non-probabilistic. To collect data, we used a structured instrument from the conceptual theoretical model of Human Basic Needs. We used descriptive and bivariate analysis. Results: The nursing diagnosis with the highest incidence in post-infarction D1 was a decrease in cardiac output, followed by an ineffective breathing pattern and acute pain. The nursing diagnosis Decreased Cardiac Output was associated with non-white individuals (p <0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of the priority nursing diagnosis of decreased cardiac output was observed in the first five days after infarction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background: Left ventricular aneurysm (LVA) is an important complication of acute myocardial infarction. In this study, we investigated the role of N- Terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide level to predict the LVA development after acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods: We prospectively enrolled 1519 consecutive patients with STEMI. Patients were divided into two groups according to LVA development within the six months after index myocardial infarction. Patients with or without LVAs were examined to determine if a significant relationship existed between the baseline N- Terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide values and clinical characteristics. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: LVA was detected in 157 patients (10.3%). The baseline N- Terminal pro- B type natriuretic peptide level was significantly higher in patients who developed LVA after acute MI (523.5 ± 231.1 pg/mL vs. 192.3 ± 176.6 pg/mL, respectively, p < 0.001). Independent predictors of LVA formation after acute myocardial infarction was age > 65 y, smoking, Killip class > 2, previous coronary artery bypass graft, post-myocardial infarction heart failure, left ventricular ejection fraction < 50%, failure of reperfusion, no-reflow phenomenon, peak troponin I and CK-MB and NT-pro BNP > 400 pg/mL at admission. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that plasma N- Terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide level at admission among other variables provides valuable predictive information regarding the development of LVA after acute STEMI.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in patients with diabetes, from a Brazilian capital city, and to correlate with the risk factors present in the studied population. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study, based on the report of care provided by a campaign, in 2018. The report was filled out by ophthalmologists during the joint effort, with information on patient's gender, age, classification of diabetes mellitus, duration of illness, use of insulin, body mass index, lifestyle (smoking and physical activity), history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, myocardial infarction, stroke, and the clinical ophthalmic examination. Results: Among the 219 study participants, the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was 31.96%. The variables considered risk factors with statistical significance were male sex, age 51-70 years, diabetes mellitus for over 10 years, insulin therapy, body mass index ≥40 kg/m2, and previous history of myocardial infarction. The physical activity proved to be a significant protective factor. Conclusion: Over the years, population studies have proven the geographical variability in prevalence of diabetic retinopathy justified by different exposure to risk factors. Therefore, knowledge of regional characteristics is crucial and emphasized in the text, since it can guide public health policies, aiming to have an impact on reduction of preventable blindness statistics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the reliability and safety agreement in the applicability of the Medical Research Councile and handgrip tests in the patient before performing the angioplasty procedure. Methods: This is a quantitative, prospective and analytical study, carried out in two public hospitals in the Midwest region of Brazil, from June to September 2019. Results: The sample consisted of 11 participants from the male and four females hospitalized in the coronary care unit and cardiology ward, with a mean age of 58.5 years, diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation, seven participants and without ST-segment elevation, eight participants. The findings related to biosignals before and after the assessment showed a significant difference for peripheral oxygen saturation in the first assessment (p=0.04) and diastolic blood pressure in the second assessment (p=0.02), the Kappa agreement analysis (0 .66), with good replicability (p=0.003) between the two ways of performing the strength assessment. Conclusion: The assessment method used did not present significant hemodynamic repercussions, indicating safety in carrying out the assessment and also reliability in reproducing the exam performed by another professional. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Ministry of Health conceptualizes hospital infection as any infection that is acquired after the patient's admission and manifests itself during the hospitalization period or after discharge, when it can be related to hospitalization or hospital procedures. It aimed to analyze the profile of patients submitted to cardiac surgery and the incidence of postoperative hospital infection. It was a study with a quantitative, descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective approach. Sample consisted of 316 patients who underwent cardiac surgery at the Gaspar Viana Hospital Foundation, in the period 2013-2014 and who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were collected from the medical records through the form. The analysis was made through comparisons using the odds ratio, chi-square test and later logistic regression. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. It was identified that the majority of the patients were male, less than 61 years old, from the metropolitan area of Belém and married. The main comorbidities were Metilus Diabetes, Systemic Arterial Hypertension and smoking. Most patients were admitted for Acute myocardial infarction, but patients with valvular disease had a higher association with infection. Conclusion: Based on these findings, a specific protocol was proposed to be used from the hospitalization unit, through the surgical unit to the intensive care unit, because it is believed that preventive measures go far beyond those already discussed in the intensive care setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to identify the prevalence of delirium in elderly inpatients from an Intensive Care Unit in the postoperative period of cardiovascular surgery and to verify an association between delirium and sociodemographic and clinical variables. Method: cross-sectional, analytical study, carried out in a cardiology center. Elderly inpatients between June and October 2018 were analyzed. Screening for delirium was performed using the Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit. Results: males had an incidence of 65% and systemic arterial hypertension (75%) was the most reported chronic disease; 30% had acute myocardial infarction and longer time in cardiopulmonary bypass, in addition to having remained hospitalized longer; and 30% of the delusional ones died. Conclusion: the prevalence found was 40% and was associated with the elderly, with the male sex, with the significant level of education, use of tobacco, previous comorbidities; these remained hospitalized longer and died more when compared to the other group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Nursing & Health is the property of Journal of Nursing & Health (JONAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Prescrição e Fisiologia do Exercício is the property of Instituto Brasileiro de Pesquisa e Ensino em Fisiologia do Exercicio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The European Society of Cardiology guidelines recommend an LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) < 55 mg/dL for patients with established cardiovascular disease. While the Friedewald equation to estimate LDL-C is still widely used, the newer Martin-Hopkins equation has shown greater accuracy., Objectives: We aimed to assess: A) the proportion of patients reaching LDL-C goal and the therapies used in a tertiary center; B) the impact of using the Martin-Hopkins method instead of Friedewald's on the proportion of controlled patients., Methods: A single-center cross-sectional study including consecutive post-myocardial infarction patients followed by 20 cardiologists in a tertiary hospital. Data was collected retrospectively from clinical appointments that took place after April 2022. For each patient, the LDL-C levels and attainment of goals were estimated from an ambulatory lipid profile using both Friedewald and Martin-Hopkins equations. A two-tailed p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all tests., Results: Overall, 400 patients were included (aged 67 ± 13 years, 77% male). Using Friedewald's equation, the median LDL-C under therapy was 64 (50-81) mg/dL, and 31% had LDL-C within goals. High-intensity statins were used in 64% of patients, 37% were on ezetimibe, and 0.5% were under PCSK9 inhibitors. Combination therapy of high-intensity statin + ezetimibe was used in 102 patients (26%). Applying the Martin-Hopkins method would reclassify a total of 31 patients (7.8%). Among those deemed controlled by Friedewald's equation, 27 (21.6%) would have a Martin-Hopkins' LDL-C above goals., Conclusions: Less than one-third of post-myocardial infarction patients had LDL-C within the goal. Applying the Martin-Hopkins equation would reclassify one-fifth of presumably controlled patients into the non-controlled group.

Introduction and Objectives: Coronary chronic total occlusions (CTOs) of the right coronary artery (RCA) are a relatively common finding in the context of coronary angiography. However, the benefit of revascularization remains controversial., Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort analysis prospectively collected outcomes of CTO patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in 2019 and 2020. Patients were divided into two groups according to the CTO vessel treated (left coronary artery [LCA]-CTO or RCA-CTO). The primary outcome was defined as the recurrence of angina and/or heart failure (HF) symptoms and secondary outcomes were myocardial infarction (MI) and all-cause mortality., Results: A total of 177 patients (82.5% male) were included in the analysis, with a mean age of 65±11 years. The primary outcome occurred in 28 (16.6%) patients and was significantly more frequent in RCA-CTO patients (19, 24.7%, p=0.010) in a mean follow-up of 18 months. This was mainly driven by recurrence of HF symptoms (12, 15.6%, p=0.013). Treated RCA-CTO was an independent predictor of the primary outcome (p=0.019, HR 2.66, 95% CI 1.17-6.05). MI and mortality rates were no different between groups (RCA-CTO with 1.3%, p=0.361 and 2.6%, p=0.673, respectively, on survival analysis). Left ventricular ejection fraction was an independent predictor of mortality (p=0.041, HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.87-0.99)., Conclusions: Revascularization of CTO lesions by PCI was associated with low rates of symptom recurrence, and clinical outcomes showed no differences regardless of which artery was treated. Recanalization of RCA-CTO was less beneficial in reducing the recurrence of HF symptoms., (Copyright © 2024 Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Objective: to evaluate the quality of life after acute myocardial infarction, highlighting the differences by sex. Methods: analytical, observational study with 273 patients. For collection, a multidimensional assessment instrument was used for heart attacks. Data collected in a cardiology referral hospital, in which the t Student test was applied for analysis. Results: the majority were male (67.0%),with a mean age of 63.6 years, with a family history of heart attack (64.5%). The average quality of life score was 0.45,with 1.00 being the worst score. Dependence (0.82) and physical activity (0.50) were the worst assessed domains; and side effects (0.27) and diet (0.36), the best. The female gender had the worst averages (0.52, p

ABSTRACT Objectives: to describe the Adult's perception of healthcare after Myocardium Infarction. Methods: qualitative descriptive analysis carried out with 12 adults who had myocardial infarction and conducted from February to May 2018. The research design was based on the “Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research”. Data collection was performed through semi-structured questionnaire, interview script and field diary. The interviews were encoded, and their content was analyzed using software support. Results: three classes were obtained: “Fear, (un) certainty and (un) awareness”; “Lifestyle and beliefs of illness” and “Health care search”. Unhealthy lifestyle habits, lack of health prevention / promotion, difficulties in accessing services and lack of knowledge about the disease generated fear and uncertainty about the future. Final Considerations: the perception of acute myocardial infarction is related to the trajectory of illness, lifestyle and the belief that the infarction only affects others.