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OBJECTIVE: Evaluating the fine motor skills (M¹) degree in a group of independent elders, checking its possible association with the weekly practice of physical activities. METHODS: 139 independent elders of both genders, aged 60 and older, who responded to a survey about their weekly practice of physical activities and then, later on were subjected to M¹ tests according to EMTI, which final scores determine each individual's M¹. The elderly were categorized into two groups: 60-70 years-old and above 70 years-old. RESULTS: the female gender was predominant in the sample. Most of the elders (46.56%) showed a M¹ Mean Normal, followed by Inferior levels (29.50%) and Superior levels (23.74%). About 6.5% of the elders do not practice any physical activity, 5% practice it once a week, 53% twice a week and 35.5% more than two times per week. It could be observed that those practicing physical activity at least three times a week have better score on the M¹ test (Mann-Whitney Test; p = 0.039). On the other hand, the group older than 70 years had a worse performance (Mann-Whitney Test, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: The M¹ Normal Medium was the score achieved with the highest percentage in the two age groups analyzed, being the group older than 70 years the one that presented worse performance. In addition, sedentary elderly or those who report having physical activity only once a week also had the worst test results.

The objective of this research was twofold. On the one hand, to demonstrate that young people with intellectual disabilities (ID) can practice taekwondo (TKD) and, on the other hand, to assess the effect of this practice. For this purpose, a longitudinal study was designed with pretest and posttest measures. Thirteen young people between 14 and 35 years of age with ID underwent a training of adapted TKD for 20 weeks. After observing that the participants followed the trainer’s instructions and performed the techniques, the effect of the training on their motor skills was evaluated. Directionality was assessed using the modified agility test (MAT2) and balance and coordination using the Observation of Motor Competence Scale (ECOMI). The results showed that people with ID can practice TKD and that training improves their motor skills of directionality, balance, and coordination, although not all differences were significant. Thus, it can be concluded that people with ID can practice a combat sport such as TKD as long as it is adapted to their characteristics and that its practice has beneficial effects, improving performance in their motor skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Objective: To examine the predictive strength of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), motor competence (MC), maternal educational status, and parental perception of their children’s favorite leisure activities for meeting physical activity (PA) guidelines of each gender among children aged 3–6 years. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with 367 preschoolers (53% girls), assessing CRF (PREFIT 20m shuttle run), MC (battery of motor skills), PA (accelerometry), maternal education and parental perception of children’s preferred leisure (questionnaires). Factorial analysis of covariance, multiple logistic regression, and chi-square tests were conducted. Results: In both genders, CRF was associated with meeting PA guidelines (girls: odds ratio [OR] 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–1.18; boys: OR 1.12; 95%CI 1.05–1.19), independently of maternal education or parental perception of children’s leisure activities. For girls, active leisure with balls (OR 28.91; 95%CI 6.88–121.50) and without balls (OR 4.32; 95%CI 1.95–9.57) enhanced the odds of compliance with PA guidelines, without effect of maternal education. For boys, maternal education was inversely associated with meeting the PA guidelines. Boys of lower-educated mothers were more likely to have activities with balls as favorite leisure, which was a stronger predictor and enhanced the odds of meeting the guidelines (OR 4.09; 95%CI 1.71–9.79) regardless of maternal education. Boys had a higher prevalence of active leisure with balls than girls (42.8 vs. 7.7%). Conclusions: Regardless of CRF or MC, family and sociocultural circumstances influenced PA according to gender. Health policies should encourage equal gender participation in culturally significant sports or activities of a particular region/country, specifically within the family context.

INTRODUCTION: People with Parkinson’s disease (PD) usually have one side of their bodies more affected than the other. Our hypothesis is that unilateral resistance training (RT) may cause changes in motor control and strength of the most affected side when compared with bilateral RT. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of unilateral vs bilateral RT on motor control and strength in individuals with PD. METHOD: The sample consisted of 17 individuals diagnosed with PD, who were randomly divided into unilateral training group (UTG) (n = 9) and bilateral training group (BTG) (n = 8). In total, 24 RT sessions were performed. The first six training sessions were focused on training familiarization. Before (T0), during (T12), and after (T24) the intervention, the following data were collected: fine motor control using the Nine-Hole Peg test and the Box and Blocks test; upper limb strength using a handgrip strength dynamometer; and lower limb strength using an isokinetic dynamometer. All tests were performed unilaterally. For statistical analysis of data, the Friedman analysis of variance (ANOVA) [3 (TIME) × 4 (GROUP)] was used, as well as the Mann-Whitney U test and the Wilcoxon test. RESULTS: Peak torque at 60º/s on the right side at T12 in UTG was significantly higher compared with BTG. Peak torque on the right side was significantly lower at T24 compared with T12 and T0 in UTG. CONCLUSION: Short-term unilateral RT was inefficient at causing changes in motor control and strength in the limb most affected by the disease through cross-education and was unable to reduce bilateral deficit.

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ABSTRACT Motor development during childhood is fundamental for acquiring advanced perceptual and cognitive skills, playing a pivotal role in personal development and skill acquisition later in life. This study aims to investigate differences in the motor skills of children between the ages of 3 to 5, based on their geographic location (urban or rural) and gender. A cohort of 94 Portuguese children between the ages of 3 and 5 years old (comprising 48 boys and 46 girls) were selected for a study. Data collection was conducted within 8 different schools, and motor skills were assessed utilizing the MOBAK-KG test. It was observed that children from urban areas outperformed those from rural areas in motor skills related to body and object control. On the contrary, girls' motor skills did not show significant differences according to their geographical location. Although the geographical environment influences children's motor development, other factors, such as socio-economic and cultural factors, may have a greater impact on girls. These findings emphasise the significance of focusing on the motor development of girls and examining how cultural and gender expectations can impact their motor skills.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of literature program on development emotional and motor skills of students aged 10-12 in the sport of volleyball. Students from 5th and 6th grade (Ν=257, 123 boys and 134 girls), participated in the research. The students were randomly divided into two groups. The first group (n=173) followed a 4 months literature program using the literary book "The Knight in Rusty Armor" and the second group (n=84) followed the typical Physical Education program. The teaching of emotional skills was combined with a program of learning the Volleyball cognitive backhand skill. Social-emotional intelligence was assessed with the questionnaire "Emotional Quotient-Inventory: Youth Version (EQ-I:YV)" by Bar-On and Parker, while the cognitive assessment of backhand service was carried out with criteria sheet 4 (p. 65) of the Physical Education book of the 5th-6th grade teacher. The non-parametric Friedman test - K related samples and the non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to evaluate the effect of the literature intervention. The results showed that the intervention program was effective with the students of the experimental group showing a significant improvement in terms of emotional skills: intrapersonal (P=0.290, Df(1), χ2: 1.119), empathy (P=0.128, Df(1), χ2: 2.312), social responsibility (P=0.610, Df(1), χ2: 0.261), adaptability (P=0.006, Df(1), χ2: 7.615), stress control (P=0.000, Df(1), χ2: 53.161) and general mood (P=0.790, Df(1), χ2:0.071). There was also an improvement in the cognitive of the back-hand service technique skill, (P=0.000, Df(2), χ2: 61.843). In contrast, students in the control group did not show any improvement in emotional skills and performance of cognitive backhand service skill. Therefore, the findings support the positive contribution of literature to the improvement of emotional and motor skills through the practice of the intervention program.

Introduction: Inactive children and adolescents with impoverished diets are very likely to have motor difficulties and develop obesity. These difficulties reinforce the behaviors that caused them, which can generate a significant and strengthened cyclical relationship over the years. Objective: to map the consequences of lifestyle habits on the development of motor skills and physical fitness, identifying associations between lifestyle habits, motor difficulties and child obesity and the main reasons that prevent adherence to the practice of physical activity in childhood. Materials and Methods: This is an integrative review in the following databases: Lilacs, PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science. Studies with children and adolescents that jointly assessed body composition, physical activity levels and motor performance were included. Results: Six studies were included in the review. Participants in the included studies (5-14 years, both genders) were underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese, with and without disorders. The results indicate greater perception of difficulty in various activities of daily living, low participation in sports, lower physical and motor performance in obese and overweight children, when compared to normal weight children. Active lifestyle was related to better gross motor development, while the more sedentary and less active children had a higher rate of perceived global difficulty and lower cardiorrespiratory resistance, which are related to health indicators, affecting many spheres of life. Conclusion: This review suggests that there are reciprocal relationships among life habits, body composition, physical fitness and motor performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to create and determine a battery for assessing motor coordination in children with autism spectrum disorder -- BACMA. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional and exploratory study to verify the validity of content and appearance of the BACMA, using the Delphi methodology, with consultation with a group of experts in the treatment of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder - ASD. The inclusion criteria were trained health and education professionals with more than two years of experience caring for children with ASD and, as an exclusion criterion, incomplete answers and non-continuity of respondents in the Delphi rounds. The panel of experts was initially made up of 23 professionals (01 psychology, 03 pedagogy, 05 physiotherapy and 14 physical education), all with work related to children with ASD. The final version of BACMA consists of four tests designed to assess fundamental motor skills: locomotion, manipulation, balance and jumping, according to the link https://bit.ly/bacmaresultado. Finally, the procedure determining objectivity reached an agreement rate of 100% in the fourth round, with a Cronbach's ∝ coefficient of 0.99, indicating statistically high reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Objectives: to identify factors resulting from the correlation between mother-child bonding, environment, and infant motor development (MD). Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted with 130 mothers/guardians and their infants at risk from 3 to 12 months of age, accompanied in an outpatient clinic follow-up at a public maternity. The data were collected using a form with socioeconomic data, mother/child routine at the hospital and home environments, and three other instruments validated in Brazil: Protocolo de Avaliação do Vínculo Mãe-Filho (Mother-Child Bonding Evaluation Protocol), Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development – Infant Scale, and Escala Motora Infantil de Alberta (Alberta Infant Motor Scale). Pearson's chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and a significance level of 5% was used for the correlation. Results: the data showed a predominance of preterm babies (74.5%), low-income families (86.2%), and domestic opportunities below the adequate (93.8%) for good motor development. Regarding the mother-child bonding, 60% of the mothers showed a strong bonding with their children. A total of 62.3% of the children had typical motor development. Concerning the interaction between variables, statistical significance (p˂0.05) was observed in the correlation between bonding and typical motor development. Conclusion: despite the presence of risk factors, motor development was normal in most of the babies in this study, suggesting that the mother-child bonding favored motor development even with environmental and biological adversities.

The present study examines sex differences regarding children's self-perceptions and motor competence (locomotor and object control subtests), parents' perceptions about their boys’ and girls’ competence, and the associations among these variables. Parents and their children (N = 77; M = 8.70, SD = 2.13) participated in the study. The children’s motor competence was assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development – Second Edition (TGMD-2). The children’s self-perceptions were assessed using the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance and the Self-Perception Profile for Children, depending on the child’s age. The parental perception of their children's motor competence was assessed using an adapted version of the children’s perceptions of motor competence. Boys and girls were similar regarding the locomotor subtest; boys showed significantly higher scores for the object control subtest than girls. Parents’ perceptions of children’s motor competence were significantly related to the children´s motor competence and were the stronger predictor in the locomotor model and the second predictor in the object control subtest model; sex was the stronger predictor for the object control subtest. Our findings address new information regarding children's motor and parents' motor competence.

Objective: To identify, in the literature, the implications of gestational exposure to SARS-CoV-2 on neurodevelopment in the first postnatal year, focusing on changes in the motor, personal-social, socio-emotional, and communication and language domains., Method: Systematic review with narrative synthesis, considering neurodevelopmental outcomes, categorized according to gross and fine motor skills, personal-social interaction, socio-emotional aspects, and communication and language. Searches were conducted in PubMed, LILACS/BIREME, and EMBASE databases between January 2020 and June 2023. Two independent researchers performed selection by reading the title and abstract and applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Cohort studies that evaluated children up to one year old, exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in utero, were included. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess methodological quality., Results: Seventeen articles were included, with methodological quality ranging from intermediate to good. The most frequently used instrument to characterize neurodevelopment was the Ages & Stages Questionnaires. Infants aged 0 to 3 months had lower scores for fine and gross motor skills. Infants aged 3 to 12 months had more fine motor, social and communication and language impairments., Conclusion: Most infants exposed to SARS-CoV-2 showed development as expected, however delays were identified in the motor, personal-social, socio-emotional and communication and language domains according to the age group.

With this contribution we want to further elevate the value of the educational contribution that the observation of the game before, and the game itself then, can give to the work of the teacher. The aim is to ask ourselves how the game, as a daily and fundamental element for a harmonious psychophysical growth of the child, can become a fundamental element also for adults and in particular to identify, decrease and counteract increasingly frequent aggressive phenomena in our classes/ sections. Physical activity (PA) and fundamental motor skills are important components of present and future health trajectories in young children. This study examined the effects of a 24-week mobility intervention on the motor competence of kindergarten children. Initial tests were on guided play (research group A) and free play (control group B). 20 preschool children were assessed for motor skills before and after surgery using the tests of long jump from standstill and fast run over a distance of 10 meters. The tests were administered to both groups and immediately before the start of the research, as well as at the end the same tests were administered for the evaluation of the results. All children significantly improved their motor skills from baseline to final assessment. Both Group A children and Group B children have shown slight rates of change, proving that the game is independent of adult control. It stimulates memory, motor language, attention, promotes the development of perceptive patterns and socio-emotional-affective abilities. On the contrary, a poor playful activity can lead to deficiencies in the child’s personal maturity and maturity.

Abstract Objective To evaluate the laparoscopic skills of medical students and identify personal characteristics in terms of greater easiness in performing laparoscopic surgical procedures. Methods This study included medical students in the 6th semester of a Medical School in Brazil who answered 10 questions concerning their habits and characteristics. A laparoscopic platform and an abdominal synthetic model were used to assess surgical skills comprising the three following surgical steps: to pass the needle through the trocar and to place it in the laparoscopic needle holder, to perform a laparoscopic simple stitch in synthetic liver parenchyma and, to perform a laparoscopic surgical knot. The duration of the activity was limited to four minutes and the procedure was monitored by a laparoscopic surgeon. Results The study included 50 students. Of these, 18% completed the three surgical stages. Steps 1 and 2 were completed by 94% and 88% of students, respectively. No statistically significant variables were found when characteristics of the groups with and without success in the three stages were compared. The group that finished the activity had a faster time completing step 2 than the group that failed (mean time of 115.3 seconds against 157.8 seconds, p=0.03). Conclusion The minority of students could complete effectively all three surgical steps. No personal traits related to greater surgical skill were identified.

Objective: To explore the association between cognitive function and gross motor activities in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: An exploratory cross-sectional observational study was carried out with children aged between 5 and 12 years who were in rehabilitation. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to screen cognitive function and to assess gross motor activities, dimensions D and E of the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88) were used. Simple regression analysis was performed between the MMSE total score and the GMFM-88 dimension D and E scores and the effect size (f) was calculated. Results: Thirty-three children were evaluated and the MMSE score was significantly associated and able to explain 49% of the GMFM D dimension score variability (p=0.0001; f=0.96) and 58% of the GMFM score variability. dimension E of the GMFM (p=0.0001; f=1.38). Conclusion: Cognitive function showed a strong association and was able to explain motor activity outcomes in children with ASD between 5 and 10 years of age. These findings may contribute to the knowledge of important aspects to be considered in the evaluation and therapeutic planning of the rehabilitation process of children with ASD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Prescrição e Fisiologia do Exercício is the property of Instituto Brasileiro de Pesquisa e Ensino em Fisiologia do Exercicio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mapping and evaluating regular contexts that schoolchildren attend is of great importance to understanding motor behavior. This communication aims to present the scoring system and standardization of the Affordances for Motor Behavior of Schoolchildren (AMBS), recently presented to the scientific and educational community. The AMBS was developed to assess children’s interdependent systems, such as home, school, and sports activities, that can influence 6 to 10-year-olds’ motor development, motor learning, and motor competence. The questionnaire was completed by 377 Brazilian families. Raw scores of each of the three subscales (home, materials, and school) were transformed into standard scores, ranging from very low to very high. AMBS subscales were classified as very low (1st quartile), low (2nd quartile), good (3rd quartile), and very good (4th quartile). The AMBS total raw score is a result of the sum of the three subscales standard scores and can be classified into three categories, ranging from a low to a high AMBS. Thus, AMBS total scores were classified as low (1st tercile), average (2nd tercile), and high (3rd tercile). We expect that raw and standard scores of the AMBS can be used by researchers, parents, and clinical/education professionals to assess children’s affordances for motor behavior.

Basketball is a sport that encompasses a large motor arsenal and requires strong, agile and fast athletes. Training is part of a systematic process with the objective of having the best result for the athlete, strength training in particular requires a muscular demand and consequently a neural adaptation. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of strength training on the specific motor skills of young basketball players. The survey included 12 players aged between 15 and 18 years old divided into two groups, control (GC) and experimental (GE), who underwent a battery of tests to assess throwing speed, passing, dribbling control, defensive movements and number of pitches. The GE presented a decrease of 9.49%, in the test of the GE pass it presented a significant increase of 4.72%, the number of pitches had an increase of 4.36% in the GE, in the speed of the pitch the CG presented a significant increase of 20, 9%, in relation to the defensive movement time, the GE had a significant decrease of 13.8%. It is concluded that strength training is beneficial for the specific motor skills of basketball players.

Motor skillst undergo changes over the years and sports training is a determining factor, regardless. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the influence of artistic gymnastics on motor development of children aged 7 to 12 years. A prospective, observational and cross-sectional study was conducted, of evaluative and comparative character, applying psychomotor battery and a structured form in 20 children practicing artistic gymnastics and 20 students who did not perform the activity. The data were treated by the BioEstat 5.0 package, with student's t-test and p-value less than or equal to 0.05. Group 1 practiced artistic gymnastics on average 3 times a week, of this population composed of 60% Caucasian, and 85% female, with an average weight of 29.54Kg and mean age of 8.85 years. In the group of students, 80% were Caucasian and 75% female, with an average weight of 33.71Kg and mean age of 8.85 years. Significant differences were observed between the groups in the global praxia variable (t: -2.25; p: 0.01) and total scale score (t: -3.33; p: 0.00). It is concluded that artistic gymnastics positively influences motor development in children aged 7 to 12 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of motor competence among children and adolescents from two metropolitan cities, one in Portugal and one in Brazil, and analyzed the association between motor competence and weight status and bullying roles. A Cross-sectional and cross-cultural study was applied. The sample comprised 785 children and adolescents aged 7-14. Motor competence was assessed using The Körperkoordinationtest Für Kinder (KTK) test, while participation in bullying was assessed using a sociometric test and the students’ Body Mass Index (BMI), which was calculated from height and weight and reported as kg/m2. Portuguese students had a higher prevalence of impairment/disturbance in motor coordination. Also, obese students and bullying victims had higher odds of having a motor competence below normal values in both countries. These findings provide evidence of a link between motor competence and sex and weight status of schoolchildren and suggest that motor competence is associated with bullying roles. Keywords: motor skills; body composition; peer relationships; school

The study aimed to estimate sex differences in body mass index (BMI), motor competence (MC), health-related physical fitness (HRPF), perceived motor competence (PMC), and physical activity (PA) and to identify individual predictors associated with overweight in Brazilian children. A cross-sectional study was conducted, sampling 217 Brazilian children aged between 6-10 years old. PA was measured through pedometers. MC and PMC were estimated, respectively, by the Test of Gross Motor Development (second edition) battery and the Pictographic Scale of Perceived Competence Assessment in Motor Skills, while the HRPF was estimated through abdominal, upper limb and lower strength, flexibility, and cardiorespiratory fitness tests. Height and weight were measured, and BMI was computed. Statistical analyses involved the use of the Mann Whitney U test and multiple logistic regression. Sex differences were observed for HRPF score, mean of weekend steps and total steps/week, favouring boys (p< 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that MC (OR= 0.97; 95%CI 0.92–0.98) and HRPF (OR= 0.78; 95%CI 0.66–0.93) were significantly associated with overweight, while any significant association were observed for PA and PMC. Results highlight that increases in MC and HRPF reduced the chances of children being overweight.

This study aimed to present the development of the Multidisciplinary Battery for Child Development Screening (TDI) and its content validity evidence. The TDI construction followed international recommendations, consisting of five stages: description of the theoretical foundation; development of the preliminary version of the instrument; analysis of the items by experts; semantic analysis of the items by the target population; and a pilot study. To support the construction of the items, a literature review was conducted regarding child development in the initial education stage, considering the constructs involved in school readiness. Articles, existing instruments, books and manuals were included. The selected areas were language, executive functions and motor skills. In the preliminary version, 110 items were developed. After completing the last three stages, the final version totaled 81 items, directed toward the assessment of children between 6 and 8 years of age. The TDI presented content validity evidence, being relevant in the Brazilian health and education areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Difficulties in executive functions and motor performance in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been researched. This study aimed to verify the effect of exergames on motor performance and reaction time of a child (6 years old) with ASD. Eight weeks of games with Xbox Kinect were applied, with weekly meetings and duration of 35 to 40 minutes. Motor performance was assessed by the Motor Development Scale (EDM) and reaction time by the Simple Reaction and Choice RT/S1 test, available in the computerized Mental Test and Training System. The data obtained were analyzed according to the JT Method. The results indicated a reliable positive change in the general motor quotient (QMGpre= 87.5/QMGpost= 102.32) with a reliable change index (IMC) of 4.19, in the general motor age (IMGpre= 70/IMGpost= 88; IMC= 4.55) and in the motor areas balance (QMpre= 52.5/QMpost= 104.65; IMC= 2.47) and body schema (IMpre= 60/IMpost= 96; IMC= 2.63) after application of the exergames, but without significant changes in the reaction time scores (TRpre= 361/TRpost= 319; IMC= 1.26). The findings suggest that the use of exergames seems to reflect improvements in motor aspects, but not in reaction time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Poor motor skills may be associated with the incidence of problems with mental health, especially with regard to social, behavioral, and emotional outcomes. The aim of the current study was to analyze the association of emotional and behavioral problems with motor skills in students aged 7 to 10 years. For this, 339 children (187 girls and 152 boys) were evaluated. The variables were measured using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, 2nd ed. (MABC-2) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The results indicated that children with poor motor skills were more likely to present abnormal development in terms of emotional and behavioral problems when compared to children from the reference group. Thus, empirical data such as these can assist in raising public and professional awareness, considering the social and psychological consequences of poor motor skills, in addition to the individual costs arising from mental health problems.

ABSTRACT Background: It is unclear if there is a natural transition from laparoscopic to robotic surgery with transfer of abilities. Aim: To measure the performance and learning of basic robotic tasks in a simulator of individuals with different surgical background. Methods: Three groups were tested for robotic dexterity: a) experts in laparoscopic surgery (n=6); b) experts in open surgery (n=6); and c) non-medical subjects (n=4). All individuals were aged between 40-50 years. Five repetitions of four different simulated tasks were performed: spatial vision, bimanual coordination, hand-foot-eye coordination and motor skill. Results: Experts in laparoscopic surgery performed similar to non-medical individuals and better than experts in open surgery in three out of four tasks. All groups improved performance with repetition. Conclusion: Experts in laparoscopic surgery performed better than other groups but almost equally to non-medical individuals. Experts in open surgery had worst results. All groups improved performance with repetition.

ABSTRACT Difficult in literacy skills are often seen in children with Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS). This occurs because oral language has direct relationship with reading and writing learning. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance in the accuracy task of an integrated phonoarticulatory awareness, motor skills and literacy intervention of three children with CAS. Three boys between 5;3 and 5;8 years of age, with CAS, were offered 2 hours per week of therapy sessions based on literacy and motor skills. The children were assessed before and after therapy and at a maintenance assessment 1 month after the treatment ceased. The children improved on the accuracy task considering their deficits level. Improvement was maintained at the maintenance assessment. Therapy based on literacy considering phonoarticulatory awareness and motor skills can help children with CAS, but the severity of the children’s communication problems must be taken into consideration.

Copyright of Fisioterapia Brasil is the property of Atlantica Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Objective To evaluate the construct validity and model-based reliability of general and specific contributions of the subscales of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2) and Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2 (BOT-2) when evaluating motor skills across a range of psychiatric disorders. Methods Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and bifactor analysis were conducted on BOT-2 data from 187 elementary school students (grades 1 to 6) (mean age: 113 ± 20 months; boys: n = 117, 62.56%) and on MABC-2 data from 127 elementary school students (grade 1) (mean age: 76 ± 2 months; boys: n = 58, 45.67%). Results The results of the CFA fit the data for multidimensionality for the BOT-2 and presented poor fit indices for the MABC-2. For both tests, the bifactor model showed that the reliability of the subscales was poor. Conclusions The BOT-2 exhibited factorial validity with a multidimensional structure among the current samples, but the MABC-2 showed poor fit indices, insufficient to confirm its multidimensional structure. For both tests, most of the reliable variance came from a general motor factor (M-factor), therefore the scoring and reporting of subscale scores were not justified for both tests.

Supine-To-Stand task is considered a developmental milestone, useful, valid, and reliable means of tracking functional motor competence. Concerning the elderly, the diversity of protocols used for Supine-To-Stand analysis requires rigorous examination. This study aimed to determine the protocol with the greatest methodological advantage for analyzing the Supine-To-Stand task process of older adults, both sexes and aged ≥ 60 years. A systematic review was carried out on the process analysis protocols of the Supine-To-Stand task. The application of criteria (clarity of language, exemption from floor and ceiling effect, reproducibility and satisfactory reliability, detail of the task, coding time) and the attribution of scores that added together allowed to classify the protocols according to the level of methodological advantage: greater (∑≥ 10), median (∑ between 6--9) or less (∑≤ 5), allowed the selection of the protocol with the greatest methodological advantage. The results showed that all protocols were considered to be at least of medium advantage. The protocol proposed by Manini et al. presented greater methodological advantage (∑= 10), allowing us to conclude that this protocol is the most suitable for analyzing the Supine-To-Stand process in the elderly, especially for presenting excellent performance in language clarity, low coding time, being free of floor or ceiling effect, being reproducible and reliable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To evaluate the motor development of babies from zero to 18 months of age, with hearing impairment of any degree or type with the use of the AIMS. Method: Participated in the research, seven children, born term with age from 0 to 18, diagnosed with hearing impairment of any site or degree. Motor performance was assessed using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS), composed of 58 items, 21 items in prone posture, 9 items in supine posture, 12 items in seated posture and 16 items in standing posture. Results: It was observed that three children presented suspicious motor performance and one presented motor performance of risk. Among these children, the postures with the greatest difficulty were prone, seated and standing. This evidence that the postures with greater difficulty were those that is needed greater sensorial integration, greater postural control and balance. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that children with hearing impairment may present motor performance deficits, mainly in relation to postural control and balance. The AIMS proved to be a valid instrument for the evaluation of the motor performance of this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Ciência e Movimento: RBCM is the property of Revista Brasileira de Ciencia e Movimento and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT The present study analyzed the effect of biological maturation on the performance in the test of gross motor coordination in girls, before and after having its effect controlled by body mass index (BMI) and aerobic performance. The sample was composed by 63 pre-pubertal girls (8.0-8.99 years). The girls who were less advanced in biological maturation presented lower body size and better physical performance in the tasks of walking backward on balance beams (t=2.706; p

Introduction: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by progressive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs that promotes high morbidity and mortality. Objective: To evaluate the functionality, disability and quality of life of patients with systemic sclerosis and to compare the clinical forms of the disease. Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study performed at the Rheumatology Clinic of the Hospital das Clínicas of the Federal University of Pernambuco (HC-UFPE) from August 2018 to April 2019. The non-probabilistic, convenience sample consisted of 60 patients diagnosed with systemic sclerosis (SSc), followed at the Rheumatology outpatient clinic of the Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University of Pernambuco. To evaluate the outcomes, the following instruments were used: Cochin Hand Functional Scale (CHFS) for hand function; 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) for quality of life; and Scleroderma Health Assessment Questionnaire (SHAQ) for functionality and disability. Results: The mean results for CHFS, SHAQ, SF-12 Physical Component Summary and SF-12 Mental Component Summary were 14.5 (6.0-29.75), 1.01±0.56, 35.04±8.09, 40.94±10.56, respectively. There were no significant differences in CHFS outcomes between patients with diffuse and limited forms of SSc, SHAQ and the mental component of SF-12. However, in the physical component of SF-12, a better score was found in patients with the diffuse form of the disease (p=0.04). Conclusion: Patients with SSc present an important impairment of hand function, quality of life and functional capacity, and those with limited cutaneous form present worse scores of the physical component in the evaluation of quality of life.

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the experience of implementing a lesson plan model for skills training as a learning tool in undergraduate nursing. Method: An experience report on the implementation of a structured plan model for skills training in a nursing laboratory at a public university in southern Brazil. The activities were developed between May/2018 and April/2019. Results: The implementation process was divided into stages: literature review, work process, division of tasks, validation, pilot test, reformulation, dissemination and use. There was a growing link between professors and the laboratory staff regarding planning and management of classes, as well as the improvement of logistics for the organization of materials and simulators. Conclusion: The implementation of lesson plans represented an important contribution to the qualification of the teaching and learning process for students and professors.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the psychomotor development and the fine motor control of institutionalized and non-institutionalized sheltered children and adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study in which 54 subjects participated and were divided into two groups: 27 institutionalized sheltered children and adolescents (SG) and 27 non-institutionalized sheltered children and adolescents (CG). The psychomotor battery and the Learning and Motor Control software were used to evaluate development and motor control. The analysis of variance was performed for both groups with repetitive measurements for the last factor. Results: The SG presented a total development score inferior to the CG, with differences in tonicity (p=0.041) and body awareness (p=0.039). The longest distance was performed on Task 1 (M=983.9 pixels; diagonal line; distance of 930.053 pixels), with no difference between the groups (p=0.64). Furthermore, the SG presented a greater average time in Task 1 (M=16.12 seconds) when compared with Tasks 2 (M=11.6 seconds; horizontal line; distance of 750 pixels) and 3 (M=10.6; vertical line; distance of 550 pixels), but only marginally different between Tasks 2 and 3 (p=0.055). Regarding the number of correct answers, the CG scored more (M=6.1) when compared with SG (M=4.6), with p

Motor practices should provide children with mature patterns of fundamental skills, but scholarly Physical Education currently does not offer sufficient stimulation. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of systematized classes on preschool children's motor coordination. The coordinative level of 84 children aged four to five years was evaluated through the battery of tests Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder, before and after two distinct programs of motor practices, namely the regular Physical Education classes given by non-specialist physical education teachers (control group) and intervention based on a developmental approach (experimental group). The Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder test scores were compared between groups for each moment and between pre- and post-tests for each group. The analysis was stratified by sex and by age, and the effect sizes were calculated. Both groups have improved the scores in all tasks. In the post-test, experimental group achieved statistically higher scores compared to control group for only one task of Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder, but it achieved higher effect sizes in all tasks. The stratified results did differ in relation to the effect of the interventions regarding sex but indicated that younger children might be particularly sensitive to those interventions. We discuss the relevance of systematized contents with organization, variability, progressive difficulty, and suitability to the age range for adequate development of motor coordination in preschoolers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Ciência e Movimento: RBCM is the property of Revista Brasileira de Ciencia e Movimento and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Ciência e Movimento: RBCM is the property of Revista Brasileira de Ciencia e Movimento and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy / Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional is the property of Cadernos de Terapia Ocupacional da UFSCar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Ciência e Movimento: RBCM is the property of Revista Brasileira de Ciencia e Movimento and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Ciência e Movimento: RBCM is the property of Revista Brasileira de Ciencia e Movimento and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Educación Física y Ciencia is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To compare differences in the motor performance between preterm and full-term infants in the 1st and 2nd months of age and verify the influence of the birth weight in the preterm infants in different postures. Method: Twenty preterm (33.2 ± 3.2 weeks of gestation) and 20 full-term (39.5 ± 1.0 weeks of gestation) infants, with birth weight of 2.130 ± 689 kg and 3.218 ± 479 kg, respectively, were assessed longitudinally from 1 to 2 months of age (corrected for prematurity) using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS). Motor performance was compared using t tests. Preterm infants were subdivided into strata according to birth weight and compared using the the Mann-Whitney test. Pearson's correlation test was performed as an exploratory analysis to verify association between motor performance and time of hospitalization stay. Results: There was lower score in the prone subscale for the preterm infants than for the full-term infants in the 2nd month of age. Preterm infants with birth weight of less than 2.500 kg did not present differences in motor performance compared to preterm infants born with higher weight; however, preterm infants with birth weight of less than 1.750 kg underperformed the preterm infants with higher birth weight in both months. There was a moderate negative association between time of hospitalization and motor performance in prone at 2 months. Conclusions: Less stimulation in the prone posture associated with prolonged hospitalization may have limited the development of extensor neck muscles in the preterm infants, specially those with birth weight of less than preterm infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Fisioterapia Brasil is the property of Atlantica Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Identifying diferent anthropometric, physiological and motor aspects is essential to obtain success in sports practice. However, these components may be developed in same age subjects diferently, in part due biological development. he aim of the study was compare and correlate the explosive strength to biological maturation by sex, obtained by estimation of skeletal age based on anthropometric variables. he sample consisted of 239 subjects of both sexes, aged 10 to 13 years. Maturation was assessed by skeletal age predictive equation and upper and lower limbs explosive strength using medicine ball throw test and vertical jump, respectively. Skeletal age was assessed by skeletal age using a predictive anthropometrical based equation. Upper and lower limbs explosive strength were evaluated by medicine ball throwing test and vertical jump test, respectively. Post hoc analysis showed delayed biological development subjects had worst medicine ball throwing test performance than accelerated boys (p=0.001; d=0.96) and girls (p< 0.01; d= 2.01); regarding to vertical jump test, worst performance was also detected to maturational delayed boys when compared to accelerated ones (p=0.24; d=1.1) and girls (p=0.007; d=0.75). Regression analysis showed skeletal age explained variance of 36% and 19.2% for boys and 45.2% and 16.1% for girls upper and lower limbs explosive strength. Skeletal age is positively related to upper and lower limbs explosive strength and show higher performance for accelerated biological development young players when compared to delayed ones, independently from sex.

ABSTRACT Movement is central to physical therapy identity and practice. Advances in the science of movement control, motor learning and development are thus inextricably tied to professional development and clinical activity. This paper aims to describe a prominent approach to motor control with potential to greatly advance the understanding of movement dysfunction: the uncontrolled manifold (UCM). An argument is formulated for incorporating this method of data analysis in rehabilitation research. It is a narrative review of the relevant literature. Research in physical therapy could greatly benefit from investigating synergies with the theory and methods of UCM. Research should seek connections between functioning in daily life tasks and the assembling of synergies to stabilize different performance variables, the UCM variability measures, the synergy strength indexes, and the anticipatory synergy adjustments. Changes in these synergy variables should also be quantified after rehabilitation interventions. UCM can offer one solid science-based approach to inform clinical decisions on whether synergies have to be broken, rebalanced, created, or reinforced in patients with movement dysfunction.