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Sialolithiasis is a pathology characterized by obstruction of salivary flow due to the deposition of calcium salts in the gland ducts. Among the main salivary glands most involved are the parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands, the submandibular being the most affected by the pathology, representing 90% of cases, and the parotid glands from 5 to 20%. The literature discusses several hypotheses for its etiology, and the association of clinical and radiographic exams are essential for the diagnosis. The present study aims to report a clinical case of sialolithiasis of the parotid duct gland in a 64- year-old Caucasian male patient, seen at the clinic school of the Recife School of Dentistry, who presented with a clinical complaint of facial pain and swelling for about 30 days. After the conclusive diagnosis, he underwent surgical treatment through an intraoral approach to remove sialoliths and place an intraductal catheter to prevent ductal stenosis, under local anesthesia. The patient responded well to the postoperative period, presenting no clinical complaints, returning to the school clinic after 8 days for removal of the synthesis and clinical follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The knowledge regarding labial salivary glands is becoming progressively more important, as their application in autologous transplantion, to promote ocular surface lubrication, are an ever-increasing procedure in veterinary medicine. In this study the labial salivary gland was collected, as a single piece, along with the oral mucosa from 10 adult dog cadavers. The sample was removed from the left lower lip marked by the second premolar tooth and extended until the distal edge of the second molar. Morphological, morphometric and histochemical evalutations were performed in the rostral, medial and caudal regions of the sample. The study revealed exocrine, compound, tubuloacinar, mixed and predominantly mucous glands with the presence of serous demilunes associated with a few mucous secreting units, and a duct system formed by intralobular intercalated and striated ducts, interlobular ducts, and a main excretory duct. In the rostral region, there was a lower amount of parenchyma compared to other areas, and the diameter of the acini unvaried in all regions. All three regions of the sample were PAS and Alcian blue positive, demonstrating the presence of neutral, carboxylated, and sulphated mucins. Serous demilunes reacted positively to Xylidine Ponceau staining indicating the presence of proteins.

A síndrome de Sjögren (SSj) é uma doença auto-imune caracterizada por infiltração linfocitária em glândulas exócrinas e destruição do tecido glandular, com franca preferência por glândulas salivares e lacrimais. O infiltrado inflamatório inicia-se ao redor das células epiteliais ductais, espalhando-se e substituindo o tecido funcional. Consiste predominantemente de células T CD4+ e, em menores quantidades, células T CD8+, células B e plasmócitos. O infiltrado plasmocitário consiste de grandes quantidades de plasmócitos contendo IgG e IgM. Alguns estudos revelaram um padrão predominante de citocinas Th1 e expressão de quimiocinas nas glândulas salivares menores de pacientes com SSj. Foi observado, também, um aumento na expressão de moléculas de adesão endotelial e linfocitária nessas glândulas salivares. Foi documentada a expressão do antígeno HLA-DR pelas células epiteliais glandulares de pacientes com SSj e a presença de estruturas semelhantes a centros germinativos em glândulas salivares menores de alguns pacientes. Os mecanismos que desencadeiam o processo inflamatório em glândulas salivares menores de pacientes com SSj ainda não são conhecidos, mas recentes estudos demonstraram que as células epiteliais glandulares desses pacientes estão implicadas na patogênese da doença.Sjögren's syndrome (SSj) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands with concomitant destruction of the glandular tissue, affecting predominantly salivary and lacrimal glands. The inflammatory infiltrate begins around ductal epithelial cells, extending and replacing the functional tissue. It consists predominantly of CD4+ T cells, with fewer CD8+ T cells, B cells, and plasma cells. The plasmacellular infiltrate consists of large amounts of IgG and IgM containing plasma cells. Some studies have revealed a predominant Th1 pattern of cytokines and chemokine expression in minor salivary glands of SSj patients. An increased expression of vascular endothelial and lymphocyte adhesion molecules was found on the minor salivary glands of patients with SSj. It was documented that glandular epithelial cells of SSj patients express HLA-DR antigens, and that structures resembling ectopic germinal centers were found in minor salivary glands of SSj patients. The mechanisms that initiate the inflammatory process in minor salivary glands of SSj patients remain unknown, but recent studies have shown that the glandular epithelial cells of SSj patients have a role in the pathogenesis of the disease.

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