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Schizophrenia is associated with cognitive deficits that may compromise functional capacity. Although there are few studies with validated instruments in Brazil, the literature indicates changes in memory, attention, visuoconstruction and executive functions. Thus, this study aims to characterize these functions in this group, besides verifying the association between cognitive performance and sociodemographic, diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics. This is a cross-sectional study with 62 individuals, who were submitted to the Rey Verbal Auditory Learning Test (RAVLT), Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figures (FCRO), WAIS-III Digits and Cubes subtests, and the Colored Trails Test (TTC). The association between the presence of deficit and the variables was verified by chi-square or fisher's exact test. It was found that 50% of the subjects presented below average performance in Cubes and 19.4% in Digits. Therefore, 85.48% had a lower than expected z-score in the RAVLT learning index, 30.7% low recognition rate, 51.6% suffered a strong influence of retroactive interference, 32.3% had a broad impact of proactive interference and a high rate of forgetfulness. In the TTC, most participants were in the lower range in form 1 (54.8%) and 43.6% had below average yields in form 2. In the case of correlations with the variables, a borderline or statistically significant influence was observed between schooling, the Digits test and the 5 factors analyzed by the RAVLT, associations between the time of diagnosis and learning capacity, correlations between the age of diagnosis and the retroactive interference index, as well as the influence of the type of medication on the proactive interference index. The results indicate a notorious occurrence of mnemonic, attentive and visuoconstructive difficulties in this population. Additionally, shorter schooling, longer disease time and earlier age of diagnosis seem to cause worse performances in working memory, attention and processes adjacent to learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Aufklärung: Revista de Filosofia is the property of Aufklarung: Revista de Filosofia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The 2013 protests in Brazil brought upon a reflection as to how communicational technologies take part in collective actions, among those, photographs seem to have taken a preponderant role. In this article, we aim to problematize what a political image/photograph can be in the present Brazilian conjuncture and their relations to the concept of democracy. Through a methodology based on exploratory research, inventory, description and assemblage, we discuss in an in-between images account some of the agencies of photographs, taken not only as visual proof or mnemonic record, but as imaginal happenings with the potency to propel the production of a common. We used the files from the project Atlas #ProtestosBR as a basis for our research, in an attempt to approach the communicational constitution of the imaginal narratives surrounding these protests, and also as a way to activate this weft of photographs as actors-networks whose remembrance and survival is an important political task against the forgetfulness and a reductionist understanding of these past events and their unfolding over the last years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The text uses unpublished sources to present the proposal for an investigation of the network of Italian elementary schools promoted in the State of São Paulo and the circulation of school knowledge by Italian childhood. The objective is not only to begin the reconstruction of a map of Italian schools in the context of São Paulo and São Paulo, but also to clarify their nature (associative, private, subsidized, religious, etc.), the characteristics (articulation and composition of mixed classes by age or sex, number of registered and effective students, registration fees and livelihoods), organisation and educational and pedagogical content (day and night school, articulation in degrees, mnemonic or intuitive teaching, curriculum contents including history and geography or catechesis), characteristics, training and condition of teachers. In this perspective, the text aims to deepen the role played by the couple Gaetano Nesi and Gemma Manetti Nesi promoters of the school «Ai Nostri Monti» and editorial initiative to educate the children of Italians and speed up the learning of writing and reading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present text the mnemonic system recently adapted for the BBC series Sherlock, suggestively referred to as a “mind palace" or “memory palace” is analyzed. It is a sort of psychic exercise that allows Holmes to “revisit" his past. In this mental space the protagonist consults “archives” of data (texts and images) that are stored in his mind in its details. This “power” makes it possible for him to memorize, recall and visualize everything. The age-old technique from the Greek poet Simonides of Ceos is here compared with the virtuality of storage processes in the “virtual palaces” of nowadays, as the own idea of archiving as a way of preserving and recreating the idea of past. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to investigate the relationship between autism and memory, taking as reference the theses of French philosopher Henri Bergson, in interlocution with the cognitivist paradigm and the field of neurosciences. Based on Bergson's perspective, we argue that autism features an early dissociation between memory and bodily action, making it difficult to use past experiences to solve a current situation. The autistic memory, without the pragmatic compass, wanders without a precise function, sometimes resulting in the subject's inability to locate himself in contexts and in his own history, and sometimes in mnemonic prodigies that are not very useful for autonomy and social life. Autism may therefore be understood as a pragmatic memory disorder or disturbance of attention to life, affecting the individuals' ability to respond creatively to everyday obstacles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista CPC is the property of Revista CPC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Jurídica (0103-3506) is the property of Revista Juridica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Human groups have multiple mnemonic devices and registration systems in order to facilitate subsequent access to something that has been discovered, produced and acquired. Condensing a part of the human experiences of collective construction, religion is an important laboratory for understanding the process of social construction of memory. Memory conservation always involves innovation strategies. The religious traditions of humanity bear witness to a long process of (re)constructing perspectives on the world (cosmic and social), acting on it and projecting the bridges to other "worlds". This essay explores the notion of memory, in a socio-anthropological perspective, to understand religion as a cultural phenomenon, considering several dimensions: propagation, distribution, durability, transmission. From the perspective of Maurice Halbwachs, this theoretical framework guides the study to a double problem: the place of religion as a memory of cultures; the memory process as the core of religious activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports a set of extension actions conducted as part of an educational approach aimed to make the elderly and the professionals who work with them aware of the cognitive physiological changes resulting from aging and its impact on daily life. For this, the elderly and professional members from social groups and basic health units participated in the study. Firstly, the elderly were evaluated regarding their cognitive and emotional aspects. Data, such as, age, presence of chronic diseases and frequency of physical activities were also collected. These data were important for planning an exhibition-explanatory approach about the physiological process of aging with emphasis on cognitive changes in this stage of life and also about diseases that interfere or aggravate this process. Secondly, we informed about the results of cognitive assessment and explained the possible mechanism by which some of them may have changes in the mnemonic processes. In addition, we showed how certain diseases can accelerate the cognitive decline, when associated with age. After these clarifications, some practical activities demonstrating simple alternatives that contribute to a healthy aging with the preservation and/or maintenance of physical and cognitive functions were carried out. We found out that there is a lack of understanding about the benefit and importance of simple everyday activities for the elderly, in order to keep them physically and cognitively active and contribute to a better life quality during aging. Moreover, there is a lack of knowledge on the part of service professionals, since many of them do not understand or do not know about the physiological process of aging and its implications on day-to-day life of the elderly. We observed that there was a wide acceptance of our activities. We had a very satisfactory integration with the participants, regarding the exchanging of knowledge, information and guidance. Furthermore, there is an interest on the part of practitioners in continuing this educational support for the elderly, providing more leisure moments associated to learning, since those are essential factors to guarantee a healthy aging, with autonomy and better life quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on mnemonic distortions has increased among researchers worldwide. However, the relation between the mechanisms responsible for memory distortions and individual differences that influence memory performance is still to be investigated. The present study aims to investigate the influence of personality traits in the susceptibility to false memories. Participants were 200 college students from different majors. The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Procedure was used to investigate memory performance and the Personality Traits Inventory was used to identify distinct personality traits. Results indicate that true and false memories were affected only by affiliation and autonomy personality traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Memory and identity are concepts explored by contemporary film directors, namely Christopher Nolan in the film Memento (USA, 2000). Our purpose is to understand how this film interlaces memos and mementos with space and time, as a movement towards creation and interpretation, falling back upon the sketch of different kind of spaces (e.g. image, narrative, plastics, mnemonic, etc.). The film configures the trajectory of multiple registrations (e.g. writing with light, sketching handwriting, etc.), in order to draw a map of the relationship between, memory, identity, and emotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Terceiro Setor is the property of Revista Terceiro Setor and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mana (01049313) is the property of Contra Capa Livraria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aging may lead to cognitive changes, especially in memory. Yet, research suggests that older adults may improve memory performance after training. The present study aimed at evaluating the effects of episodic memory training offered to healthy Brazilian older adults. Fifty seven participants were randomly divided into control group (COG = 26) and experimental group (EXG = 31). The EXG participants completed a pre-test, five sessions of episodic memory training in which they were instructed to categorize grocery lists and pictures, and a post-test. Results indicated that episodic memory training involving learning and practice with categorization promoted significant improvement in episodic memory performance and in better using the trained strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Adaxe: Revista de Estudos e Experiencias Educativas is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)