29 results on '"MATHEMATICAL functions"'
Search Results
2. PARA PENSAR O OBJETO DA DIDÂTICA EM SALA DE AULA: O PROCESSO DE ENSINO APRENDIZAGEM A PARTIR DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL.
- Author
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Vitor Teodoro, Paulo, Gauche, Ricardo, and Salles, Paulo
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SCIENCE education ,HIGH school students ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,LIKERT scale ,MATHEMATICAL functions - Abstract
Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Education, Technology & Society (BRAJETS) / Cadernos de Educação Tecnologia e Sociedade (CETS) is the property of Brazilian Journal of Education, Technology & Society - BRAJETS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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3. Dificuldades e transtornos de aprendizagem em Matemática: definições, características e diagnóstico.
- Author
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Machado de Lara, Isabel Cristina
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NOSOLOGY ,LEARNING disabilities ,MATHEMATICAL ability ,INTERNATIONAL Statistical Classification of Diseases & Related Health Problems ,MATHEMATICAL functions - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Educação Por Escrito is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Oscilador harmônico simples, série e transformada de Fourier e operador de Sturm-Liouville - uma breve discussão.
- Author
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Barros, Lucas dos S., Cavalcante, Marcos, Soledade, Paulo, Sbrissa Neto, David A., and Siqueira, Marcelo
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FOURIER series , *MATHEMATICAL functions , *DIFFERENTIAL equations , *HARMONIC oscillators , *VECTOR spaces - Abstract
In this work we highlight the importance of the simple harmonic oscillator as a fundamental mathematical model for the understanding of oscillatory phenomena in several areas of Physics and Engineering, emphasizing the need to know the methods for its solution, which serve as a starting point for studying systems more complex. Although this topic is relevant, many studies are limited to practical applications or general solutions of differential equations, with no significant connection between concepts. In this sense, an approach is proposed that explores the relationship between the harmonic oscillator, series and Fourier transform. Through the theory of the Sturm-Liouville linear operator, we introduce concepts such as the eigenfunctions of a Hermitian operator, orthogonality, and the formation of vector spaces. While the series appears as an expansion on an infinite basis of functions within a finite interval, the transform arises as a projection of mathematical objects such as functions and equations onto the space of the oscillator's eigenfunctions into an infinite interval. It is hoped that this approach will stimulate discussions and facilitate the understanding of more advanced topics in Physics and related areas, making them more accessible to undergraduate and graduate students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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5. Educação matemática e a formação do homo oeconomicus.
- Author
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de Souza, Jéssica Ignácio and Flores, Cláudia Regina
- Subjects
MATHEMATICS textbooks ,MATHEMATICS education ,REQUIRED courses (Education) ,MATHEMATICAL functions ,PROBLEM-based learning - Abstract
Copyright of Educacao e Pesquisa is the property of Faculdade de Educacao da Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Ajuste da distribuição diamétrica e similaridade florística para áreas ciliares através do uso de funções de densidade de probabilidade.
- Author
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Coimbra Limeira, Mathaus Messias, Magalhães Gregório, Walberisa, Cardoso Silva, Marcos Vinicius, Andrade Ramos, Yasmim, de Carvalho Santana, Thiêssa Tamilla, Gomes Andrade, Thiago, Bueno Coelho, Maria Cristina, and Ferreira dos Santos, André
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PROBABILITY density function , *RIPARIAN areas , *MATHEMATICAL functions , *EUCLIDEAN distance , *RIVERS - Abstract
In this work, the riparian area in the cerrado present in five streams belonging to the micro urbanized basin of the municipality of Gurupi - TO, was studied with the following objectives: to adjust mathematical functions (logarithmic, exponential, hyperbolic, linear and nonlinear) to determine probability density functions because they are used as a signature of ecological processes that occur in forests, as well as to determine floristic similarity. The results expressed by the frequency graphs, the formation of the inverted J, with a small disturbance between the initial diametric classes and intermediates, indicating the presence of anthropic actions. The functions were selected by the values of Raj, Syx%, graphical analysis of the residues and F value, which are: y=exp(25,581+(-60.611)/x+(-6,184)*ln(x)) for Água Franca, y=x/(0.639+- 0.084*x+0.004*x 2)for Two Brothers, y=124.243*exp(((ln(x)-2,559)2/(-0.379)) for Mutuca, y=1/(0.0001*(x+(-15,250))2+0.020) for Medium I Landing and y=(0.497+0.313*x)/(1+(-0.121)*x+0.004*x²) for Medium Landing II. The FDP's selected for DAP's estimates are accurate and can be used in other areas of the same plant typology. There is floristic dissimilarity between streams and also within streams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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7. Limites de funções reais de uma variável em livros didáticos: organizações matemática e didática.
- Author
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de Lemos Batista, Leonardo Augusto and Tavares Barbosa, Edelweis Jose
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MATHEMATICS education , *TEACHING , *TEXTBOOKS , *MATHEMATICAL functions - Abstract
This research analyzed how authors of Calculus textbooks propose situations aiming at the transformation of a state of not-knowing to a state of knowing regarding the mathematical object limits of real functions. In this sense, the Anthropological Theory of Didactics, proposed by Yves Chevallard, guides it theoretically. Here, this framework and the methodology used will be discussed. The work analyzes and compares two works (40 years apart) adopted by major Brazilian universities. The results show that the mathematical organizations differ in terms of the representativeness of the subtypes of tasks explored and the variety of techniques developed. Didactic praxeologies are similar. The reasons for being are the same, limits to explain and justify the whole calculation are studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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8. Dimensionalidade fractal e invariância de escala em circuitos elétricos AC e linhas de transmissão.
- Author
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Santos, Sthefany, Amorim, Byanca, Pereira Menezes, Natalia, Lima, Ariane A., Thomazi, Fabiano, Zanella, Fernando, Heilmann, Armando, Burkarter, E., and Dartora, C. A.
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MATHEMATICAL forms , *ELECTRIC lines , *MATHEMATICAL functions , *FLOWGRAPHS ,FRACTAL dimensions - Abstract
Fractal geometry is fascinating due to its ability to describe the complex geometries naturally occurring in real world. The fractal or Hausdorff dimension d is used to describe the laws of scale invariance, which are exemplified by functions satisfying a mathematical law of the form f(sx) = sdf(x), being s the scale factor. Closely related is the problem of determining the fixed point of physical systems. Mathematically, the fixed point corresponds to a point in the domain of a function which is mapped to itself. In dynamical systems, it typically corresponds to the value to which the response of the system converge and stabilize. The present contribution aims to present the general concepts of scale invariance and fixed or critical points, employing such aspects to the problem of complex impedance association, both in series and in ladder configuration. The complex impedance, and transfer function of transmission lines and flow graphs related to the convergence the iterative equations to a fixed points are discussed in more details. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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9. COMPORTAMENTO DOS CUSTOS TOTAIS DE PRODUÇÃO NO SEGMENTO DA AVICULTURA DE POSTURA NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ: ESTUDO BASEADO NA ANÁLISE DE REGRESSÃO LINEAR MÚLTIPLA.
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de Oliveira, Letícia, Tonin, Paulo César, and Vicenzi, Silvana Lígia
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MULTIPLE regression analysis ,AGRICULTURAL egg production ,STATISTICAL hypothesis testing ,MATHEMATICAL functions ,INDUSTRIAL costs ,MULTICOLLINEARITY - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Producao Online is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Engenharia de Producao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. O trabalho com funções à luz da incompletude do trabalho institucional: uma análise teórica.
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SANTOS FARIAS, LUIZ MÁRCIO, FERNANDES CARVALHO, EDMO, and FERNANDES TEIXEIRA, BARTIRA
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MATHEMATICAL models , *DIDACTIC method (Teaching method) , *MATHEMATICAL functions , *PRAXEOLOGY , *NUMERICAL analysis - Abstract
This article aims to associate the elements and phenomena of the incompleteness of institutional work, recognizing its existence. This allows the identification of didactic problems (PD) that will subsidize investigations in Didactics from the standpoint of Anthropological Theory of the Didactic. To confront these problems, we evoke the reason for being of the Study & Research Programme, its context and its construction. In order to facilitate the understanding of what we consider incompleteness, we will use elements of analysis of the mathematical object functions. Recognizing the incompleteness of institutional work leads the observation on what restricts work and, therefore, the activity of subjects in the mediation of objects of knowledge, making possible the questioning of dominant and reference praxeological models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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11. Percepções de professores de Matemática sobre o ensino de funções e sobre o uso de materiais tecnológicos.
- Author
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VISEU, FLORIANO and ROCHA, HELENA
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MATHEMATICS teachers , *PRIMARY school teachers , *SECONDARY school teachers , *EDUCATIONAL technology , *MATHEMATICAL functions - Abstract
This study intends to understand the perceptions of mathematics teachers from lower and upper secondary regarding the teaching of Functions and the use of technological materials. For that, a mixed methodology was adopted, and the perceptions of 129 teachers were collected through a questionnaire and four teachers through an interview. The main conclusions point to similarities in teachers' perceptions, but also to some differences related to the teaching level of lower or upper secondary. In the teaching of Functions, textbooks are widely used, but differently depending on the level being taught. The same happens with the representations and with the use that is made of the technologies. Involvement of students in work is another aspect considered important, but again there are differences. The assessment also has similarities, but differs in the valuation ascribed to group work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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12. Produção de espelhos parabólicos e construção do conceito de função polinomial de 2°grau.
- Author
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Torres Rodrigues, Marco Aurélio and Fernando Mackedanz, Luiz
- Abstract
One of the biggest obstacles to learn physics in High School is, according teachers' account, their mathematical approach. In this paper we propose an activity that integrates Physics and Math contents, in order to make quadratic function significant for the students. We report the activities planned and implemented in the classroom, with High School 1st year students in a public school located within the RS. The activities referred to the production of parabolic mirrors in two different models, followed by the construction of the concept of 2nd degree polynomial (the so called quadratic function). Therefore, we used both the classroom space and students' home space, allowing experience learning during the period that lasted the activity. We work under a constructivist methodology We conclude that such activities class, called hands-on, can really bring significance to the concepts usually covered abstractly in textbooks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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13. O conceito de função na produção académica da PUC/SP via registros de representação semiótica.
- Author
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LOURENÇO, ÉDREI HENRIQUE and OLIVEIRA, PAULO CÉSAR
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MATHEMATICS education (Higher) , *ACADEMIC dissertations , *MATHEMATICAL functions , *SEMIOTICS , *MASTER'S degree , *HIGHER education - Abstract
In this study we have developed a state of the art, ie, an exposure level of knowledge and degree of development of dissertations and theses in the Postgraduate Studies Program in Mathematics Education PUC / SP, which addressed the concept of function in the light theory of Semiotics Records Representation. The focus of this research are the contributions that this theory brings to the teaching and learning of the function concept in basic education process. To do so, we systematized the production of information in two phases: a survey of all possible jobs and jobs that are tangent analysis of the Elementary and Secondary Education. In the analysis of 16 produced and defended between 2002 and 2011, we observed that the concern of researchers focused on mathematical object to be learned, ie, a sequence, a book or other courseware provides real knowledge from the point of view of registers of semiotic representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
14. O conhecimento esperado sobre limites e continuidade a partir de uma análise das provas unificadas de Cálculo I na UFRJ.
- Author
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RENÈ CUNHA, SANDRO and FUSARO PINTO, MÁRCIA MARIA
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MATHEMATICAL functions , *COLLEGE teachers , *MATHEMATICS , *LOGIC - Abstract
This article presents an analysis of exam questions and their solutions of a calculus course, provided by a team of professors, with the aim of describing the mathematical knowledge about limits and continuity that have been considered relevant to students attending courses in which a model of exam unified for various calculus courses is applied. We adopt the perspective of the Anthropological Theory of Didactics, by Yves Chevallard, due to its potential to analyze the mathematical reality emerging from specific practices related to content knowledge transmission. For the mathematical organization observed, the aspects related to resolution techniques to solve the diverse kinds of problems are highly valued and, even if it is possible to identify elements that justify them or explain them, there is no concern about leaving it more visible, but to keep it in a secondary level of importance in relation to the techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
15. Escolha intertemporal: Enquadramento, sinal e diferimento das suas consequências.
- Author
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de Carvalho, Pedro Le Mattre, Scholten, Marc, Pimentel, Duarte, Gonçalves, Gui, and Correia, Manuela Faia
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TIME delay systems , *SENSITIVITY analysis , *MATHEMATICAL models , *PERFORMANCE evaluation , *MATHEMATICAL functions - Abstract
According to the normative model of intertemporal choice, the Discounted Utility Model (Samuelson, 1937), the utility of a future outcome is discounted exponentially as a function of its delay. There is ample evidence that people do not comply with this proposition. In this study, 280 subjects performed a matching task in order to verify a new anomaly to exponential discounting, as well as four well known anomalies in the literature: The delay effect, the magnitude effect, the sign effect, and the delayspeedup asymmetry. The new anomaly is an interaction between the framing, sign, and delay to the outcomes: In gains, the delay effect is more pronounced in the delay frame than in the speedup frame; in losses, the reverse occurs. All anomalies were verified. We advance an explanation of the interaction effect in terms of diminishing sensitivity to delays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2012
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16. MÚLTIPLAS REPRESENTAÇÕES: UM CONTRIBUTO PARA A APRENDIZAGEM DO CONCEITO DE FUNÇÃO.
- Author
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Andrade, Jael Miriam and Saraiva, Manuel Joaquim
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MATHEMATICAL functions , *MATHEMATICS education (Secondary) , *LEARNING , *MATHEMATICAL ability , *MATHEMATICS research , *EDUCATION research , *EDUCATION - Abstract
This article presents a study focused on the understanding of the concept of function by students of 10th grade. It studies the connections that students establish among the various representations of a function, mobilizing and linking his concepts definition and image of a function, when solving problem-solving tasks, exploratory and investigative tasks and using the graphing calculator, oriented by the teacher. It also studies the importance of multiple representations for the development of the learning of the concept of function. It aims to identify and understand, also, the difficulties that students manifest in the learning of functions, knowing better the connections made by students between the various representations of functions considered. It follows the theory defined by Duval (register of semiotic representation) and the cognitive theory of Vinner (concept image and concept definition). Students worked in classes of mathematics in an environment of problem solving, exploratory and investigative tasks and using the graphing calculator. The research methodology adopted is a qualitative and interpretative. Data collection included an initial questionnaire, reports written by students in classrooms throughout the didactic unit "functions" and an interview with a couple of students after the apprentice. The results indicate that the coordination that students make between the various registers of representation of a function and of different functions allows them to achieve different perspectives of a function. The cognitive paradox of mathematical understanding was highlighted by the students through the coordination that they made of the records of semiotic representations (natural language, algebraic, tabular and graphic), which allowed them to stop confusing the mathematical object function with its representation, and also achieve a strong convergence of the concept image to the concept definition of function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
17. Caracterização estatística de variáveis usadas para ensaiar uma semeadora-adubadora em semeadura direta e convencional.
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do Vale, Welington Gonzaga, Garcia, Ricardo Ferreira, Lima Thiebaut, José Tarcísio, and do Amaral Gravina, Geraldo
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PLANTING machinery , *SOWING equipment , *PLANTING , *MATHEMATICAL variables , *DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory) , *AGRICULTURAL technology , *STATISTICS , *MATHEMATICAL functions , *AGRONOMY - Abstract
Statistical characterization of variables used to test a planter under direct and conventional sowing systems. The objective of this work was to statistically characterize variables such as wheels slip, theoretical and effective field capacity of a planter in direct (DS) and conventional sowing (CS) systems, based on the verification of the adjustment of a series of data to a statistical distribution, aiming for the best form of representation and values be adopted so that these variables be used in agricultural practices operations. The experiment in CS was done with a speed of 1.5 m s-1 with 190 repetitions, and the experiment in DS was done with 1.8 m s-1 and 58 repetitions. It was concluded that differing values were not detected, and the variables in study can be represented by the function density of normal probability (Gaussian distribution), and the variables can be used for its representations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
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18. Development of a self-adaptive evolutionary algorithm to solve mixed optimization problems
- Author
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Carvalho, Camila Campos, Lobato, Fran Sérgio, Abud, Celso Vieira, and Souza, Davi Leonardo de
- Subjects
Self-adaptive parameters ,Mathematical functions ,Parâmetros auto-adaptativos ,Mixed variables ,Algoritmo de colônia de vagalumes ,Firefly algorithm ,Engineering systems design ,MATEMATICA [CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA] ,Funções matemáticas ,Variáveis mistas ,Projeto de sistemas de engenharia - Abstract
Nas últimas décadas, as abordagens por algoritmos evolutivos têm recebido considerável atenção em diferentes campos da ciência e da engenharia, dentre os quais pode-se citar o projeto de sistemas de engenharia. Apesar do grande número de aplicações, os algoritmos evolutivos apresentam como uma de suas principais desvantagens o fato de possuírem parâmetros de entrada constantes durante todo o processo de busca, o que pode impossibilitar uma exploração mais eficiente do espaço de busca ou levar a localização de ótimos locais. Associado a esse fato, problemas realísticos apresentam uma maior complexidade no que tange a natureza das variáveis de projeto envolvidas, ou seja, podem apresentar variáveis que não são definidas exclusivamente no domínio real. Assim, o vetor de variáveis de projeto em aplicações reais podem apresentar natureza mista, isto é, podem ser caracterizadas como reais (contínuas), inteiras, binárias e discretas. Diante do que foi apresentado, essa contribuição tem por objetivo apresentar uma proposta para a atualização dinâmica dos parâmetros do Algoritmo de Colônia de Vagalumes (ACV), bem como uma nova abordagem para a geração de candidatos em uma sub-população. Além disso, uma estratégia para o tratamento de problemas com variáveis mistas também é proposta. Uma análise de sensibilidade paramétrica é realizada afim de entender como a escolha dos valores de cada parâmetro do ACV pode influenciar o processo de otimização do método, e se podem ainda comprometer a qualidade da solução. Os resultados obtidos com a aplicação da metodologia proposta em problemas com variáveis reais e mistas demonstram a eficiência dessa nova estratégia em termos de convergência e do custo computacional em relação ao algoritmo canônico. In last decades, evolutionary algorithm have been received considerable attention in different fields of science and engineering, with emphasis in engineering systems design. Despite at the large number of applications, these algorithms consider that parameters are constant during the search process, which may result in a search less efficient in design space. In addition, realistic problems are more complex in relation to the nature of project variables involved, i.e., these problems may present mixed variables (real (or continuous), integer, binary and discrete). In this contribution, it is proposed a new strategy to update the Firefly Algorithm (FA) parameters, as well as a new methodology to generate candidates. It is also proposed a strategy for the treatment of problems with mixed variables. An analysis of the parametric sensitivity is performed to understand how the choice of the values of each parameter of the FA could influence the method optimization process and still compromise the quality of the solution. The results obtained with the application of proposed methodology in mixed and real problems demonstrate that the performance of FA can be improved, in terms of convergence and computational cost, in relation to canonical algorithm. Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
- Published
- 2018
19. Chu Spaces, Concept Lattices, and Domains.
- Author
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Zhang, Guo-Qiang
- Subjects
LATTICE theory ,MATHEMATICAL domains ,INFORMATION theory ,SET theory ,MATHEMATICAL functions ,COMPUTER science - Abstract
Abstract: This paper serves to bring three independent but important areas of computer science to a common meeting point: Formal Concept Analysis (FCA), Chu Spaces, and Domain Theory (DT). Each area is given a perspective or reformulation that is conducive to the flow of ideas and to the exploration of cross-disciplinary connections. Among other results, we show that the notion of states in Scott’s information system corresponds precisely to that of formal concepts in FCA with respect to all finite Chu spaces, and the entailment relation corresponds to “association rules”. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
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20. Contextual Equivalence for Higher-Order π-Calculus Revisited.
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Jeffrey, Alan and Rathke, Julian
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CALCULUS ,MATHEMATICAL analysis ,SIMULATION methods & models ,HIGHER order transitions ,MATHEMATICAL functions - Abstract
Abstract: The higher-order π-calculus is an extension of the π-calculus to allow communication of abstractions of processes rather than names alone. It has been studied intensively by Sangiorgi in his thesis where a characterisation of a contextual equivalence for higher-order π-calculus is provided using labelled transition systems and normal bisimulations. Unfortunately the proof technique used there requires a restriction of the language to only allow finite types. We revisit this calculus and offer an alternative presentation of the labelled transition system and a novel proof technique which allows us to provide a fully abstract characterisation of contextual equivalence using labelled transitions and bisimulations for higher-order π-calculus with recursive types also. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
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21. Libras como interface no ensino de funções matemáticas para surdos : uma abordagem a partir das narrativas
- Author
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Silva, Iramí Bila da and Vasconcelos, Carlos Alberto
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Ensino de matemática ,Alunos surdos ,Narratives in Libras ,LIBRAS ,Ensino fundamental ,Deaf students ,Ensino de funções matemáticas ,Estudantes surdos ,Narrativa (Retórica) ,Narrativas em Libras ,EDUCACAO [CIENCIAS HUMANAS] ,Língua brasileira de sinais ,Elementary school ,Mathematical functions ,Educação de surdos ,Funções matemáticas - Abstract
This dissertation aims to describe the narratives in Libras of the personal experience of deaf students in the mathematics classes of the 9th year of Elementary School. In order to investigate them, the proposals of Labov (1967), (1997) and Perroni (1992), who see the narrative as a method of recapitulating linguistically past experiences, were taken as theoretical basis. According to Bruner (1991), Kenski (1994) and Cunha (1997), it is proposed the didactic feasibility of narratives because they are considered verisimilantes the reality of teaching and full of meanings and reinterpretations. In order to make this research feasible, it was primarily aimed at investigating the narratives in Libras during the process of learning related function for deaf students of the 9th year of Elementary School. Specific objectives were also articulated, namely to recognize the probable learning difficulties during the affine function classes, to identify the possible aspects of the narratives that help in the understanding of these contents and to verify the potential mathematical properties of the related function content. Before the objectives, methodologically, we chose a case study, with the techniques of observation and interview for data collection based on Gil (2008) and Chizzotti (1998). For analysis and interpretation, we used the technique of the enunciation analysis that is part of the set of techniques called Content Analysis (BARDIN, 2011). From the analysis, it was noticed that, in addition to the narratives of the content of related function, the collected data addressed other contents: the narratives on the delta discriminant expression, parabolas and quadratic function. It was also found that it is an indispensable condition for the deaf student to appropriate the teaching situation so that he can use his own procedures from the representation he makes of the situation, since significant mathematical representations help in understanding and clarifying the properties and mathematical concepts. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo descrever as narrativas em Libras da experiência pessoal dos alunos surdos nas aulas de matemática do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental (EF). Para investigá-las tomou-se como fundamentação teórica as propostas de Labov (1967), (1997) e Perroni (1992) que veem a narrativa como método de recapitular linguisticamente experiências passadas. Propõe-se a viabilidade didática das narrativas por considerá-las verossimilhantes a realidade de ensino e repletas de significados e reinterpretações, conforme afirmam Bruner (1991), Kenski (1994) e Cunha (1997). Para viabilizar esta pesquisa, objetivou-se primariamente investigar as narrativas em Libras durante o processo de aprendizagem de função afim para alunos surdos do 9º ano do EF. Objetivos específicos também foram articulados, a saber: reconhecer as prováveis dificuldades de aprendizagem durante as aulas de função afim, identificar os possíveis aspectos das narrativas que auxiliam no entendimento desses conteúdos e verificar as potenciais propriedades matemáticas do conteúdo de função afim. Diante dos objetivos, metodologicamente, optou-se por estudo de caso, com as técnicas da observação e entrevista para a coleta de dados com base em Gil (2008) e Chizzotti (1998). Para análise e interpretação, utilizou-se a técnica da análise da enunciação que faz parte do conjunto de técnicas denominado Análise de Conteúdo (BARDIN, 2011). A partir da análise, percebeu-se que, além das narrativas do conteúdo de função afim, os dados coletados abordaram outros conteúdos: as narrativas sobre a expressão discriminante delta, parábolas e função quadrática. Verificou-se também que é uma condição indispensável para o aluno surdo, se apropriar da situação de ensino, de modo que possa utilizar seus próprios procedimentos a partir da representação que faz da situação, pois, representações matemáticas significativas auxiliam na compreensão e no esclarecimento das propriedades e conceitos matemáticos.
- Published
- 2016
22. Uma proposta para a introdução da lógica nas aulas de matemática
- Author
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Butierres, Gabrielly Costa, Bellicanta, Leandro Sebben, and Meneghetti, Cinthya Maria Schneider
- Subjects
Mathematical functions ,Sets ,Logic ,Lógica ,Conjuntos ,Função ,Exercícios - Abstract
Embora a Lógica seja uma linguagem usada frequentemente pela Matemática, muitas vezes os estudantes da Educação Básica se formam sem conhecer noções dela. Por isso, devido a ampla contribuição da Lógica para a formação geral do estudante, neste trabalho são apresentados exercícios resolvidos sobre Conjuntos e Funções e conceitos de Lógica, permitindo, assim, que esses conceitos sejam apresentados aos estudantes sem precisar dedicar aulas exclusivas para isso. Além disso, o trabalho também traz a base teórica necessária para a resolução dos exercícios e, no fim, encontra-se uma lista com esses exercícios para impressão. Although Logic is a language often used by Mathematics, many times Basic Education students finish school not knowing about it. Therefore, due to a large contribution of Logic for the general instruction of the student, in the present research we show exercises about numerical sets, functions and Logic concepts, thus, allowing the presentation of the above referred concepts with no need of specific classes in order to accomplish it. Furthermore, the research also presents a theoretical base which is needed to solve the exercises and, in the end of this dissertation, there is a list of the exercises to be printed.
- Published
- 2016
23. Conteúdos matemáticos do Ensino Médio: uma contribuição para o exercício da cidadania
- Author
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Santos, Maria Arlinda Castro and Sousa, Óscar Conceição de, orient.
- Subjects
MESTRADO EM CIÊNCIAS DA EDUCAÇÃO ,MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONS ,TEACHING ,EDUCATION ,BRAZIL ,EDUCAÇÃO ,ENSINO ,MATHEMATICS ,EDUCATIONAL PROJECTS ,CASE STUDIES ,ESTUDOS DE CASO ,CITIZENSHIP ,BRASIL ,ARACAJU ,PROJETOS EDUCATIVOS ,FUNÇÕES MATEMÁTICAS ,MATEMÁTICA ,CIDADANIA - Abstract
Os documentos que norteiam o Ensino Médio no Brasil, como a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação, Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais e Orientações Curriculares, preconizam uma educação em que o estudante seja preparado para exercer seu papel de cidadão. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa teve por objetivo, avaliar, por meio da aplicação de um Projeto Didático apoiado na leitura da realidade e na interação do aluno com o mundo, as possíveis relações entre as funções polinomiais de 1º Grau e o exercício da cidadania dos discentes do Ensino Médio Integrado. Apresentando os resultados de uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo, no âmbito de uma pesquisa-ação, este trabalho é fruto de uma metodologia de ensino adotada em duas turmas dos Cursos de Edificações e de Eletromecânica de um Instituto Federal de Ensino, situado no município de Aracaju/SE. Participaram da pesquisa 76 alunos que, inicialmente, responderam a um questionário sociocultural, abrangendo questões abertas e fechadas, cuja finalidade consistiu em conhecer a realidade dos investigados. A etapa posterior envolveu o desenvolvimento do Projeto Didático orientado para atividades que articularam os conteúdos da Matemática com questões pertinentes à construção da cidadania. O conjunto dessas atividades foi avaliado, pelos participantes, de forma a verificar a expectativa dos alunos quanto ao uso dessa metodologia de estudo. Nos resultados da pesquisa, os alunos observaram que a aplicação, em sala de aula, dessas atividades, é viável por despertar a conscientização e o conhecimento sobre os assuntos enfocados., Documents that guide high school in Brazil, such as the Law of Guidelines and Bases of Education, National Curriculum Parameters and Curriculum Guidelines recommend an education in which the student is prepared to play its role as a citizen. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate, through the application of a Didactic Project supported reading of reality and student interaction with the world, the possible relations between polynomial functions of 1st degree and citizenship of integrated high school students. Presenting the results of a qualitative research in the context of an action research, this work is the result of a teaching methodology adopted in two groups of courses Buildings and Electrotechnics a Federal Institute of Education, located in the municipality of Aracaju / SE. 76 students participated in the research that initially responded to a sociocultural questionnaire comprising open and closed questions, whose purpose was to know the reality of the investigation. The next stage involved the development of Didactic design oriented activities that articulated the contents of mathematics relevant to the construction of citizenship issues. All of these activities has been evaluated by the participants in order to verify the expectations of students regarding the use of this method of study. In the search results, students observed that the implementation in the classroom, these activities is viable by raising awareness and knowledge about the highlighted issues., Orientação: Óscar Conceição de Sousa
- Published
- 2014
24. Lactation curve of primiparous Jersey breed cows
- Author
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Lazzari, Marinês, Pacheco, Paulo Santana, Amador, Janete Pereira, and Everling, Dionéia Magda
- Subjects
Produção de leite ,Mathematical functions ,Milk production ,Lactation curve ,Curva de lactação ,Jersey breed ,Peak production ,CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA [CNPQ] ,Pico de produção ,Funções matemáticas ,Raça Jersey - Abstract
The study aimed to analyze the format of the lactation curve and the implications on the average production of primiparous Jersey breed cows. Were used 3,531 registers of production from 620 cows, production registrations of cows with calving between 1986 and 2002 and first calving age between 20 and 48 months were used. Production records inferior of 2.0 Kg/day and superior of 38.0 Kg/day were eliminated, the collected production period started on the 3o day after calving and ended on the 305o totalizing 43 weeks of lactation. The parameters of the 15 tested models were estimated throughout non-linear regression (Gauss Newton method). The criteria to elect the best model were: medium square waste (QMR); absolute average deviation (DMA); best adjustment index; visual evaluation comparing the estimated and observed curves and graphs of the distribution of residuals. The model of Wood (1967) has satisfied the most the lactation curve of primiparous Jersey breed cows, presenting a curvilinear behavior with DMA of 0.49 and QMR of 24.93, index of 5.48, lower residual amplitude (between 0.3 and -0.5 Liters) and estimated curve suitable with the observed. Beyond being possible to calculate from its parameters the milk production at the lactation peak, the period of lactation peak and persistence, with 16.6 kg/day, 45 days, 61.11% respectively. The study also allowed the previous detection of errors or vantages on the management, selection or diseases that affects the dairy herd. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o formato da curva de lactação e suas implicações sobre a média de produção de leite de vacas primíparas da raça Jersey. Foram utilizados 3.531 registros de produção de 620 vacas, com partos entre 1986 e 2002 e idade ao primeiro parto entre 20 e 48 meses.Eliminaram-se registros de produção de leite inferiores a 2,0 kg/dia ou superiores a 38,0 kg/dia, o período de produção coletado iniciou ao3° dia após o parto e finalizou-se no 305° dia perfazendo as 43 semanas de lactação. Os parâmetros dos 15 modelos testados que convergiram foram estimados por meio de regressão não-linear (método de Gauss Newton). Os critérios para a escolha do melhor modelo foram: quadrado médio do resíduo (QMR); média dos desvios absolutos (DMA); índice de melhor ajuste; avaliação visual comparada entre as curvas estimada e observada e o gráfico de distribuição dos resíduos. O modelo de Wood (1967) foi o que mais satisfez a curva de lactação das vacas primíparas da raça Jersey, apresentando comportamento curvilíneo com DMA de 0,49, QMR de 24,93, índice de 5,48, menores amplitudes dos resíduos (entre 0,3 e -0,5 Litros) e curva estimada mais condizente com a observada. Além de ser possível calcular a partir de seus parâmetros a produção de leite no pico de lactação, tempo de pico e persistência, sendo 16,6 kg/dia, 45 dias, 61,11%, respectivamente. O estudo também permitiu auxiliar o produtor na detecção precoce de falhas ou vantagens no manejo, seleção ou doenças que acometam o rebanho leiteiro.
- Published
- 2013
25. O ensino e aprendizagem do gráfico da função quadrática com e sem auxílio do Software Winplot
- Author
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Mpaka, Nlandu and Sousa, Óscar Conceição de, orient.
- Subjects
MESTRADO EM CIÊNCIAS DA EDUCAÇÃO ,TIC ,SOFTWARE WINPLOT ,APRENDIZAGEM ,MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONS ,EDUCATION ,ENSINO DA MATEMÁTICA ,LEARNING ,WINPLOT SOFTWARE ,EDUCAÇÃO ,SOFTWARE DE APLICAÇÕES ,SECONDARY EDUCATION ,FUNCTIONS ,FUNÇÕES MATEMÁTICAS ,ENSINO SECUNDÁRIO ,TECNOLOGIAS DA INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO ,APPLICATION SOFTWARE ,ANGOLA ,MATHEMATICS TEACHING ,INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES - Abstract
RESUMO: A utilização adequada das TIC no ensino da Matemática, nos dias de hoje é considerada por alguns como justificada e inevitável, esperando que a sua utilização melhore o ensino e a aprendizagem da Matemática. Nesta investigação, pretende-se testar o Software Winplot), no ensino e aprendizagem do gráfico da função quadrática com alunos do 10ºano, da Escola do segundo ciclo do Ensino Secundário nº9099, de modo a verificar se melhora o ensino e na aprendizagem desta temática.Para a nossa investigação Seleccionámos dois grupos de alunos do 10º ano que funcionaram como grupo de controlo e grupo experimental; depois de ambos os grupos terem realizado dois pré-testes, o grupo experimental realizou as aprendizagens no laboratório de informática com auxílio do Software Winplot, ao longo de 8 semanas, durante o 2º trimestre do ano lectivo de 2009/2010. O grupo de controlo realizou as aprendizagens, ao mesmo tempo que o grupo experimental, na sala normal de aulas sem auxílio do Software Winplot.Ao compararmos os dois grupos, o teste T de pares para amostras independentes, mostra-nos que estatisticamente não há diferenças significativas entre os dois grupos, porque os níveis de significância são maiores que p=0,05, desta feita podemos dizer que o grupo experimental, não obteve melhores resultados que o grupo de controlo, logo o Software Winplot não resultou o efeito desejado nas aprendizagens com alunos da 10ºano da Escola do segundo ciclo do ensino Secundário nº9099, sita no município de Viana (Luanda/Angola). ABSTRACT:The appropriate use of ICTs in teaching mathematics, today is considered by somo to be justified and inevitable, hoping that their use will improve the teaching and learning of mathematics.In this investigation, we intend to test the Software Winplot, teaching and learning of the graph of quadratic functions with students of grade 10, attending the second cycle of secondary School nº9099 in order to verify that improves teaching and learning of this subject.For our research selected two groups of students in 10th grade who acted as the controlo group and experimental group, after both group had undergone two pre-test, the experimental group performed the learning in the computer lab with the aid of Software Winplot, over 8 weeks during the second quarter of the academic year 2009/2010. Thr control gropu performed the learning, while the experimental group, in rregular class room without help of the Software Winplot.Comparing the two groups, the t test for independent samples pairs, shows us that there is no statistically significant differences between the two groups, because the significance levels are greater than p=0,05, this time we can say that experimental group, not yielded better results than the control group, so the Software did not result the desired effect on the learning with students from 10th grade of the School of the second cycle of Secondary nº9099, located in Viana (Luanda/Angola)., Orientador científico: Óscar C. Sousa ; Co-orientador científico: Manuel Loureiro
- Published
- 2010
26. Estimativas de parâmetros de curvas de lactação de bovinos
- Author
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Cruz, G.R.B., Ribeiro, M.N., and Pimenta Filho, E.C.
- Subjects
Mathematical functions ,Sindi ,Guzerá ,Lactation curves ,Funções matemáticas ,Curvas de lactação - Abstract
O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar algumas funções matemáticas citadas na literatura, identificar a que melhor descreve a produção de leite e estimar alguns componentes da curva de lactação de vacas Guzerá e Sindi criadas na região semi-árida do estado da Paraíba. Foram utilizadas 840 lactações (467-Guzerá; 373-Sindi) de animais pertencentes à Fazenda Carnaúba, município de Taperoá, Paraíba. O controle leiteiro foi feito em intervalos de 35 dias, no período de 1987 a 2004. As lactações utilizadas continham no mínimo cinco e no máximo doze controles. O ajuste foi feito para a curva média e para lactações individuais, utilizando-se seis funções matemáticas. A função polinomial inversa (PI), linear hiperbólica (LHE), gama incompleta (GI), quadrática logarítmica (QL), linear (L) e quadrática (Q) foram ajustadas usan-do-se processos iterativos por meio de regressão não-linear. Os critérios utilizados para verificar a qualidade do ajuste para cada função foram: coeficiente de determinação ajustado (Ra²), percentagem de desvios entre as produções totais observadas e estimadas e percentagem de curvas típicas. Os gráficos de distribuição de resíduos foram utilizados apenas para avaliar o ajuste para a curva média. Para a curva média, os valores de Ra² foram superiores a 0,93 para todas as funções. Bons ajustes baseados nos Ra²>0,80 foram obtidos, respectivamente, para 61,4% e 66,7% das lactações ajustadas pelas funções PI e GI para vacas Guzerá. Para vacas Sindi, esses valores foram de 57,2% e 55,0%, indicando boa qualidade no ajuste. As funções PI e GI acompanharam mais de perto as oscilações da produção ao longo da lactação. Para curva média, todas as funções poderiam ser utilizadas, pois os desvios foram muito próximos. Para as lactações individuais, melhores estimativas dos componentes da curva de lactação poderiam ser obtidos pelas funções PI e GI. The objective of this research was to identify the mathematical function that best fits the lactation curve of Guzerá and Sindi cattle. 840 lactations records (467-Guzerá, 373-Sindi) were used from animals raised at Carnauba ranch, in the town of Taperoá, Paraíba. Milk production control were taken every in 35 days, between years 1987 and 2004. Lactation records used contained a minimum of five and a maximum of ten controls. Six mathematical functions were fitted to the mean curve and individual lactations: polynomial inverse (PI), hyperbolic lineal (LH), gamma incomplete (GI), quadratic logarithmic (QL), lineal (L) and quadratic (Q) functions were fitted using an iteration process. Criteria used to verify fitting quality were: determination coefficient (Ra²), percent of deviation between the total observed estimated productions, and percent of typical curves. Residual distribution graph were used only to evaluate fitting of mean curve. Ra² for mean curve fitting were always larger than 0.93. Good fits were also obtained (Ra²>0.80), in 61.4% and 66.7% of the lactations fitted by PI and GI functions, respectively, for Guzerá cattle. For Sindi cattle, these values were 57.2% and 50.0%. PI and GI, respectively, were closest to the production oscillations throughout lactation, even though estimated deviations between total productions were observed and estimated that were similar to the other functions. All studied functions fitted well means curve data. For individual lactations, however, PI and GI give better estimates of total milk yields.
- Published
- 2009
27. Use of polynomials targeted for the study of lactation curves of Murrah buffaloes and their crossses in a semi-intensive production system in Sao Paulo state
- Author
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Muñoz Berrocal, M., Aspilcueta Borquis, R. [UNESP], Hurtado-Lugo, N. [UNESP], Tonhati, Humberto [UNESP], Universidad Nacional Agrária de la Selva, and Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
- Subjects
Buffaloes ,Mathematical functions ,Segmented polynomials ,Lactation curves ,Animalia ,Bubalus - Abstract
Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:23:37Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:23:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-08-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Considering the need to better understand the curve of lactation and the little information of this nature with buffalo, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of Polynomials Segments, data from models Quadratic-Quadratic (QQ) and three segments squared (QQQ), the adjustment of lactation curve average of the animals and their crossbred Murrah in a system of farm semi-intensive. For these systems, which are carried twice millings day, records were used to produce three herds, totaling 3.267 lactations for a total of 27.600 test day. The test-day was done at intervals of 30 days, from 1990 to 2001. The lactations used contained at least four and no more than nine controls. For the QQ model, the average curve reached a node in the second month of lactation, as the QQQ model for the node have been estimated for the second and fourth month of lactation. The parameters and each function were estimated by iterative process, using the procedure PROC REG of SAS statistical package. The criteria used for evaluating the quality of adjustment for each function were: Coefficient of Determination Adjusted (R2A), Test Lack of Fit (LOF) and graphics distribution residues. In this production system the QQ and QQQ models, accompanied the changes in yield production during the lactation, with no significant tests LOF and the R2A estimated for both function was over 99%. The QQQ models, estimated minors residues and presented a R 2A=99.98%. Facultad de Zootecnia Universidad Nacional Agrária de la Selva, Tingo Maria São Paulo State University Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP Fundação de Amparo À Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo - FAPESP São Paulo State University Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP
- Published
- 2008
28. Produção de espelhos parabólicos e construção do conceito de função polinomial de 2ograu
- Author
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Marco Aurélio Torres Rodrigues and Luiz Fernando Mackedanz
- Subjects
Geometric Optics ,mathematical functions ,contextualization ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
Um dos maiores obstáculos para aprender Física no Ensino Médio é, segundo o relato dos professores, sua abordagem matemática. Neste trabalho propomos uma atividade que integra conteúdos de física e matemática, de forma a tornar a função quadrática significativa para os estudantes. Relatamos as atividades planejadas e aplicadas em sala de aula, com alunos do 1° ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública situada no interior do RS. As atividades referiam-se a produção de espelhos parabólicos em dois modelos diferentes, e na sequência a construção do conceito de função polinomial de 2o grau (a chamada função quadrática). Foram utilizados tanto o espaço da sala de aula como o espaço da casa dos estudantes, permitindo vivenciar a aprendizagem durante o tempo que a atividade durou. Trabalhamos com a metodologia construtivista. Concluímos que tal classe de atividades, denominadas hands-on, realmente conseguem trazer significância para os conceitos normalmente abordados de forma abstrata nos livros didáticos.
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29. Produção de espelhos parabólicos e construção do conceito de função polinomial de 2ograu
- Author
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Luiz Fernando Mackedanz and Marco Aurélio Torres Rodrigues
- Subjects
contextualização ,Óptica Geométrica ,Geometric Optics ,General Physics and Astronomy ,mathematical functions ,contextualization ,funções matemáticas ,lcsh:Physics ,lcsh:QC1-999 ,Education - Abstract
Um dos maiores obstáculos para aprender Física no Ensino Médio é, segundo o relato dos professores, sua abordagem matemática. Neste trabalho propomos uma atividade que integra conteúdos de física e matemática, de forma a tornar a função quadrática significativa para os estudantes. Relatamos as atividades planejadas e aplicadas em sala de aula, com alunos do 1° ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública situada no interior do RS. As atividades referiam-se a produção de espelhos parabólicos em dois modelos diferentes, e na sequência a construção do conceito de função polinomial de 2o grau (a chamada função quadrática). Foram utilizados tanto o espaço da sala de aula como o espaço da casa dos estudantes, permitindo vivenciar a aprendizagem durante o tempo que a atividade durou. Trabalhamos com a metodologia construtivista. Concluímos que tal classe de atividades, denominadas hands-on, realmente conseguem trazer significância para os conceitos normalmente abordados de forma abstrata nos livros didáticos. One of the biggest obstacles to learn physics in High School is, according teachers’ account, their mathematical approach. In this paper we propose an activity that integrates Physics and Math contents, in order to make quadratic function significant for the students. We report the activities planned and implemented in the classroom, with High School 1st year students in a public school located within the RS. The activities referred to the production of parabolic mirrors in two different models, followed by the construction of the concept of 2nd degree polynomial (the so called quadratic function). Therefore, we used both the classroom space and students’ home space, allowing experience learning during the period that lasted the activity. We work under a constructivist methodology. We conclude that such activities class, called hands-on, can really bring significance to the concepts usually covered abstractly in textbooks.
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