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ABSTRACT: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.; GB) is one of the most consumed pulses worldwide. Fermentation with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has been a strategy to improve the nutritional and technological quality of chickpea flours, in addition to reducing the levels of antinutritional factors. Thus, this study evaluated the effect of fermentation with Lacticaseibacillus casei or co-culture on water activity (Aw), color, antioxidant capacity, and techno-functional properties of chickpea flour. Chickpeas were fermented at 28 °C for 96 h with Lactobacillus Casei or co-culture, resulting in the samples GBLC and GBCC, respectively, dried at 50 °C, and ground to obtain the flours. Fermentation reduced (P < 0.05) the Wa and color parameters (L*, a*, and b*) of the fermented flours (GBCC and GBLC). In terms of techno-functional properties, GBCC flours showed lower emulsifying capacity (EC, 80%) and emulsion stability (ES, 82.50%). GBLC and GBCC flours showed significant differences (P < 0.05) in swelling power only at 25 °C and a reduction in water solubility index (WSI) at all studied temperatures. LAB fermentation reduced the antioxidant capacity of GBLC e GBCC flours determined by the DPPH method, while in the FRAP method, there was an increase for GBCC and a reduction for GBLC. For the total phenolic content (TPC), there was an increase of 231% for GBCC flour and 164% for GBLC flour. Thus, it was concluded that the fermentation with Lactobacillus Casei and co-culture affected the Wa, color, EC, ES, WSI, the antioxidant capacity by the DPPH and FRAP assays, and the TPC of the fermented flours.

Floristic and phytosociological studies are essential to subsidize the development of models for conservation, management and restoration of forests. This study evaluated the floristic composition and phytosociological structure of a cerradão fragment in restoration, located on the Jatobá Campus of the Federal University of Jataí, in the municipality of Jataí, GO. Due to the reduced size of the fragment, it was possible to carry out sampling in almost its entire area. For this, 10 plots of 20 × 20 m were allocated, distributed in four transects, two transects with two plots and two transects with three plots. All individuals with diameter at breast height = 5 cm were registered and had their phytosociological parameters calculated. In total, 32 families and 59 species were sampled. The richest families were Fabaceae (7 spp.), Rubiaceae (5 spp.) and Anacardiaceae (4 spp.). Shannon diversity index (H'=1.87) and Pielou evenness index (J'=0.54) were low compared to other areas. It was concluded that only the adoption of the practice of natural regeneration without management was not enough for the full recovery of the degraded area. In this case, the possibility of implementing a complementary recovery program, such as enrichment planting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT: The present study assessed the influence of the preceding crop (crotalaria or corn) on the bromatological, digestibility and microbiological aspects of the EMBRAPA 139 black oat hay (Avena strigosa) cultivar. A randomized block design was used, with subplots divided according to time, whereby the preceding crop (crotalaria or corn) was allocated to the main plot and hay storage times (baling, 30, 60 and 90 days of storage) to the subplots, with five repetitions. Crotalaria as predecessor resulted in lower indigestible fiber and higher protein contents in black oat hay, both in acid detergent, as well as higher pH. Corn as the preceding crop provided better hay digestibility due to lower neutral detergent insoluble protein content and higher in vitro neutral detergent fiber digestibility. The preceding crop did not significantly affect the drying time of forage and the microorganism population.

Abstract This study aims at assessing the impact of compost application on the physical (porosity, volumetric-moisture and bulk density) and the chemical traits of soil (pH, organic carbon, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity and soil nutrients) on the leaf nutrient concentration and growth (height, diameter, new leaf-structures and chlorophyll content) of five native species used in urban forestry. Using a two-way factorial design, we evaluated three substrates: i) Soil (ii) Soil-compost mixture SC-12.5 (12.5 % compost (v/v)) (iii) Soil-compost mixture SC-25 (25 % compost (v/v)) and five species: Retrophyllum rospigliosii, Inga edulis, Citharexylum montanum, Caesalpinia spinosa, and Citharexylum sulcatum. We found that SC-25 and SC-12.5 increased the electric conductivity, cation exchange capacity, organic carbon, and soil base saturation. Moreover, compost addition increased the growth of the five native species evaluated. Such results suggest that compost-application is a viable option to improve soil fertility and promote the growth of native trees.

Abstract The objective of this work was to determine the nutritional content and the degradability of the dry matter and protein of fruits of Chloroleucon mangense and Acacia cochliacantha and of a 1:1 mixture of both, offered as supplements to Rambouillet sheep. In situ ruminal degradation was evaluated in three adult rams, fitted with a rumen cannula, with different incubation times of 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Protein intestinal degradability was quantified with a three-step procedure: in situ ruminal incubation, in vitro enzymatic digestion, and abomasal-intestinal digestion. The fruits of C. mangense and A. cochliacantha contain 21 and 12% crude protein, 47 and 56% neutral detergent fiber, 31 and 43% acid detergent fiber, and 0.9 and 6.0% condensed tannins, respectively. The fruits of C. mangense showed a higher nutritional value and a higher dry matter and crude protein degradability (p

Broad bean cultivation is considered a productive strategy and a component of food sovereignty in Southern Colombia. Therefore, this study was carried out in order to evaluate twelve promising genotypes and two commercial controls, to expand the improved varieties supply of this legume in the future. For this, an experimental assay was established with 14 treatments and four repetitions. Where, 13 agronomic traits and the reaction to the pathogen Botrytis fabae were estimated. The information was analyzed by a simple ANOVA test. Also, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was developed with the traits with the highest coefficient of variation. Results showed genetic diversity, with promising genotypes in relation to the controls. The number of stems, flowering days, pod formation days, pods per plant, weight of one hundred seeds, and yield allowed three groups to be identified by PCA. The first one was made up of two controls, the second group characterized by higher yields, and a third group represented by an intermediate yield added to an earliness condition. These results allow the recognition of candidate genotypes to be included into breeding programs and contribute to the crop protection.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyze whether the use of green manures in association with rock phosphate rates can guarantee corn yields to family farmers. An experiment was conducted with six types of green manures: Mucuna cinereum, Crotalaria juncea, Crotalaria ochroleuca, Cajanus cajan, Pennisetum glaucum and a weedy fallow control treatment; and three rates of phosphorus (0, 50 and 100 kg P2O5 ha-1) in a complete randomized block design. The management with Crotalaria juncea achieved the highest dry mass yield (39.3 Mg ha-1) and in year 2 (2016), with the water deficit during the corn cultivation, led to an increase of the root/shoot mass ratio, as well as presented the lowest water deficit sensitivity index (Ky), indicating that it can be an alternative for managing climate change. The highest corn yield (7510 kg ha-1) was obtained in the management with the Crotalaria ochroleuca, which defines it as a technically and economically viable alternative for family farming, with corn yield exceeding the average yield of the State of Mato Grosso and production cost lower than the average production cost of corn in the State of Mato Grosso.

Copyright of Revista Nutrición Clínica y Dietética Hospitalaria is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Dietetica y Ciencias de la Alimentacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The germination capacity of freshly harvested legume seeds is controlled by two antagonistic processes, the maturation process and the establishment of tegument dormancy. Current analysis, foregrounded on the change of color of the fruits, determines, throughout the maturation process of Parkia platycephala seeds, when: i) the seeds reach the germination capacity and ii) the dormancy of the integument is imposed. It also evaluates the efficacy of methods to overcome the dormancy of the species. Two experiments were carried out: (I) assay with a completely randomized design, 2 x 6 (with and without breaking dormancy x six maturation stages); (II) completely randomized design, with 23 treatments to overcome dormancy. Both assays comprised four replications of 25 seeds each. In experiments I and II, the following variables were evaluated: moisture content, germination percentage, germination speed index, shoot length and primary root, shoot dry mass and seedling root system. Results showed a gradual increase in germination capacity, vigor and establishment of the dormancy mechanism with the reduction of water content and occurrence of physiological maturation. Seed germination capacity occurred prior to dormancy; however, seeds have low physiological quality and high water-contents. Mechanical scarification with sandpaper and immersion in sulfuric acid for 20 minutes are the most efficient methods for breaking dormancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The seeds of several species of the Leguminosae family have a type of dormancy that makes sexual propagation difficult. The seeds of Deguelia spruceana (Benth.) A.M.G. Azevedo & R.A. Camargo, also known as timbó-pau in Brazil, may be highlighted. Viable methods to accelerate the germinative process of seeds of native species are required to be used in the process of the reposition of native vegetation and the recovery of degraded areas. The most analyzed seeds are those of agricultural interest, placing secondary the native species, such as D. spruceana. Current research evaluates six methods for overcoming dormancy in seeds of D. spruceana. Treatments included file, alcohol and acid in different conditions and at different times. After scarification, seeds were conditioned to germinate in plastic recipients with washed sand as substrate and deposited in agricultural greenhouse. Percentage of seed germination, index of germination speed, stalk diameter, root length, plant height and fresh and dry mass of plant were evaluated. There was a significant effect of treatments applied for all variables, except for the stalk's diameter. Regardless of method, emergency percentage was less than 22%. For sexual propagation of species D. spruceana, dormancy may be overcome by chemical scarification by immersion in sulphuric acid for 5 minutes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agribusiness is on the increase and evidently the use of herbicides too. The physiological and morphoanatomic responses in Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth (Fabaceae) are evaluated when exposed to paraquat herbicide in green house conditions and possible response patterns of the species identified. The above will furnish subsidies for the study of the species in areas reached by the herbicide and/or those with the same mechanism. Design comprised randomized blocks with eight herbicide doses: 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1200 g i.a ha-1 and control (0), with four replications for each dose. Gas exchange, emission of chlorophyll a fluorescence, contents of chloroplasticidic pigments, membrane permeability and visual and anatomic analyses were undertaken. Results showed that paraquat is phytotoxic for B. virgilioides, since even in small doses the herbicide affected all analyzed parameters. Death of plants occurred with higher dose rates. The presence of phenolic compounds was also confirmed. Responses may be used as diagnostic tools for the herbicide's effects on young plants of the species in vegetal fragments applied by herbicide spray. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intensification of pasture production in Brazil is highly dependent on nitrogen fertilization. The aim was to evaluate the productivity of Zuri guineagrass in the management of successive cuts when submitted to intercropping with forage legumes and incorporation of organic residues in replacement of fertilization with urea. In four replication, a randomized complete block design was used, with six nitrogen sources (urea; cattle manure; chicken litter; forage radish; forage peanut; calopogonion and perennial soybean). The residues and urea were applied at the beginning of the experiment and the sowing of forage legumes was carried out on the same day as the grass. Three cuts were made in the grass when it reached 90 cm in height. The following parameters were evaluated: height, relative chlorophyll index, fresh and dry aboveground biomass, nitrogen concentration, protein percentage, and in the third cut, the number of tillers and tillering. It was also observed that there was a better guineagrass production, expressed by fresh and dry biomass indices, as well as with high production, regardless of the treatment used. It is possible to obtain a high growth rate and development of Zuri guineagrass, expressed by tillering and dry biomass production, with N supply using any of the nitrogen sources used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Diversitas Journal is the property of Diversitas Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira em Promoção da Saúde is the property of Revista Brasileira em Promocao da Saude and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional is the property of Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Portal de Periodicos Eletronicos Cientificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this work was to isolate and characterize, based on microbiological as well as molecular markers, bacteria within nodules of three native trees species from South America: Poecilanthe parviflora Benth (Lapachillo), Vachellia caven (Molina) Seigler & Ebinger (Espinillo), and Enterolobium contortisiliquum (‎Vell.‎) ‎Morong (Timbó). In line with this, we isolated and characterized 15 bacteria from P. parviflora, 6 from V. caven and 1 from E. contortisiliquum. Among them we identified representatives of Bradyrhizobium sp. from E. contorsiliquum and P. parviflora, as well as of Ensifer sp. (Sinorhizobium) and Mesorhizobium sp. from V. caven. Also, other bacteria were found, like representatives of Bacillus sp., Microbacterium sp. and Curtobacterim sp., as well as Caulobacter sp., Dyella sp., Pseudomonas sp. and Enterobacter sp. Some of these isolates inhibited the growth of two fungal plant pathogens. So, nodules of these native legumes not only are occupied by highly diverse rhizobia but also by other bacteria that might promote plant growth.

Legumes can be efficient to increase carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents in the soil. Based on this, the objective of this study was to select the legumes plants with the greatest potential to accumulate C and N in the soil. The experiment was conducted in 2018, in Redenção, Ceará. The experimental design was a randomized block with eight treatments and three repetitions. The treatments correspond to: control (soil without vegetation cover), straw, Mucuna pruriens, Mucuna pruriens, Dolichos lablab, Cajanus cajan, Crotalaria juncea and Canavalia ensiformis. At flowering (67 days after sowing), the legumes were cut and left on the area. At 78 days after cutting, soil samples were collected at depths of 0-5 and 5-10 cm. We determined bulk density, particle density, porosity, total organic carbon (TOC), carbon stock (C stock), total nitrogen (TN), nitrogen stock (N stock) and C:N ratio. The cover crops did not change bulk density, particle density, porosity, TN, N stock and the C:N ratio, due to the sandy soil texture and short experimental period. However, they contributed to the increase in TOC contents. Legume plants are able to increase soil carbon stock even in the short time. The mucuna cinza (Mucuna pruriens) is the leguminous plant with the greatest potential to accumulate C in the soil. However, to maintain organic residue in the soil, the use of Crotalaria juncea is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT The effects of foliar application of Mo and use of N from cover crops (Crotalaria juncea L. and Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC) on the performance of common beans were investigated in this study. Field experiments were carried out in a succession planting system (cover crops - common beans), and nitrate reductase activities were evaluated in the laboratory. The production of cover crops was done in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme installed in random blocks with four replications. The two cover crops sunn hemp and jack bean composed the first factor and the molibdenum doses (0, 40, 80, and 120 g ha-1) the second. These doses were applied as foliar fertilization using sodium molybdate (Na2MoO4) as Mo source. For bean cultivation, an unfertilized control treatment was evaluated.. Sunn hemp showed a linear positive response to Mo application in terms of shoot dry matter and N accumulation, while jack bean showed a quadratic negative response for shoot dry matter; for N accumulation, there was no adjustment of the regression models. Nitrate reductase activity in the common beans was up to three times higher at the Mo dose of 0 g ha-1 when compared to the treatments with Mo application to both cover crops. Cover crops or Mo doses had no significant effect on bean productivity.

Introduction: people are vegan for countless reasons: respect for animals, sustainability, and concern for health. Studies show that 14% of the country's population in 2018 were vegetarians and research points Brazil in the ranking of the ten countries with the largest increase in vegans. With this growth, alternative products have emerged, such as aquafaba, which is the water from cooking legumes. Objective: To develop a vegan dessert using meringue from aquafaba. Materials and Methods: The recipe was developed in the dietetic technique laboratory, in three samples with distinct flavors (A, B and C), and for sensory analysis to be performed the project was sent to the Ethics Committee (opinion 4.008.403 of 05/05/20), applying Term of Consent to random tasters (vegan, vegetarian and omnivore). Results: After compilation and statistical analysis, the mean sensory attributes, and their acceptability indices (AI) were calculated. Although there was no significant difference between the acceptance results of the samples, sample A was the best accepted (mean 92%), compared to B (mean 90.8%) and C (mean 89.6%). In the purchase intention there was an approval rate of 64% saying they would certainly buy, 28% would buy and 8% would maybe buy. Conclusion: the recipe developed had a good acceptance in all samples, considering the attributes evaluated as well as the positive correlation with the purchase intention of the tasters and their frequency of candy consumption. Thus, the preparation is contributing to a compilation of new products for the public in question. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]