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Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Endometriosis is a gynecological condition of late and ineffective diagnosis and treatment, respectively, making it a serious public health problem. Resveratrol is a natural phenolic compound that has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, cardioprotective, antidiabetic, anticancer, chemopreventive and neuroprotective properties, with very promising results when used in some human conditions. Objective: In this sense, this study aims to describe the role of resveratrol in endometriosis. Materials and Methods: An electronic search was carried out in the main databases in the health area: PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, Cochrane, EMBASE, CINAHL, without time limits, using the official descriptors endometriosis and resveratrol. Only studies in human beings, of the clinical trial type, published in the English language, were included. Results: The electronic search resulted in 128 articles, 74 of which were repeated and therefore removed. After applying the eligibility criteria, the total number of articles included in this systematic review was four. Two studies demonstrated that resveratrol promoted a reduction in the expression levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α) and the other two studies evaluated the effect of resveratrol in the management of pain related to endometriosis, with antagonistic results. Conclusion: The studies included in this review show the role of resveratrol in controlling pain, inflammation and angiogenesis in endometriosis. Well-designed clinical studies must be conducted to corroborate these very promising results so far. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Facial volumization techniques have been widely discussed by several authors. However, there is a dearth of publications on techniques for patient assessment. In this article, we describe how we assess, in our clinical practice, the anatomical changes associated with facial aging in a practical and didactic way, as it is a fundamental step when choosing products and filling techniques.

Abstract Objective To evaluate the effects of surgical treatment of deep endometriosis on the metabolic profile, quality of life and psychological aspects. Methods Prospective observational study, carried out with women of reproductive age diagnosed with deep endometriosis, treated in a specialized outpatient clinic, from October/2020 to September/2022, at a University Hospital in Fortaleza - Brazil. Standardized questionnaires were applied to collect data on quality of life and mental health, in addition to laboratory tests to evaluate dyslipidemia and dysglycemia, at two moments, preoperatively and six months after surgery. The results were presented using tables, averages and percentages. Results Thirty women with an average age of 38.5 years were evaluated. Seven quality of life domains showed improved scores: pain, control and impotence, well-being, social support, self-image, work life and sexual relations after surgery (ES ≥ 0.80). There was an improvement in mental health status with a significant reduction in anxiety and depression postoperatively. With the metabolic profile, all average levels were lower after surgery: total cholesterol 8.2% lower, LDL 12.8% lower, triglycerides 10.9% lower, and fasting blood glucose 7.3% lower (p < 0.001). Conclusion Surgical treatment of deep endometriosis improved the quality of life and psychological aspects of patients. The lipid profile of patients after laparoscopy was favorable when compared to the preoperative lipid profile.

Abstract Lippia hermannioides (Verbenaceae) is a species endemic to Brazil with reported antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil of L. hermannioides leaves (EOLH), using chromatographic and spectrometric methods, as well as its antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory potential by implementing of chemical and thermal nociception models. The results revealed germacrene D (18.39%) as the major compound of the essential oil, followed by bicyclogermacrene (11.72%), 1,8-cineole (11.24%), sabinene (10.38%), E-caryophyllene (8.33%), β-pinene (7.37%), and α-pinene (6.18%). Intraperitoneal administration of EOLH at doses of 300 and 2,000 mg.kg-1 showed no signs of toxicity in mice. EOLH doses of 75 and 300 mg.kg-1 did not affect the animals’ motor coordination in the rotarod test but reduced the number of abdominal writhing induced by acetic acid and decreased paw licking time in both phases of the formalin test. There was also an increased latency time in the hot plate test. These results indicate that this essential oil has antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity, thus supporting further research on the use of this phytotherapeutic resource in the health field.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Gastric cancer is still the third cause of death worldwide due to malignant neoplasms. Its prognostic indices have not yet been well defined for surgical intervention in terms of stratifying the intensity of chronic inflammation. The Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) and O-POSSUM and P-POSSUM Indices may constitute these standardizations and were tested to assess the association between them and the prognosis after curative gastrectomy. Method: Retrospective observational study, analysing medical records of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent gastrectomy, from 2015 to 2021, in two hospitals in Rio de Janeiro. Surgical extension, pre, peri and postoperative clinical and laboratory data were observed, up to 30 days after surgery. Patients were layered by GPS and compared according to the Clavien-Dindo (CD) classification. Logistic regression was performed to test the association between the outcome and independent variables. Results: Of the 48 patients, 56.25% were female. There was difference between the groups regarding surgical extension and GPS (both with p

Objectives: Cerebral small vessel disease is a chronic, progressive disorder of arterioles, capillaries, and small veins supplying the brain’s white matter and deep structures of gray matter. The latest evidence seems to suggest that chronic oral infections such as periodontitis contribute to cerebral small vessel disease progression. This study evaluated the relationship between periodontal disease and brain white matter hyperintensities. Methods: Forty-three hypertensive patients, aged between 38-82, without previous cardiovascular events, of which 42% were female and 50% diabetic, were evaluated. An association between mean probing depth, mean attachment level, bleeding on probing, total periodontal inflamed surface area, and white matter hyperintensities diagnosed by magnetic resonance was studied. A significance level (α) of 0.05 was considered, and Pearson’s chi-square and Mann–Whitney tests were applied. Results: Data analysis revealed an inverse correlation between mean probing depth, bleeding on probing, total periodontal inflamed surface area, and white matter hyperintensities. A positive correlation was found between mean attachment level and white matter hyperintensities. Conclusions: In our study and within our sample, lower values of mean probing depth, bleeding on probing, and total periodontal inflamed surface area were associated with more white matter hyperintensities. Contrarily, mean attachment level was positively associated with white matter hyperintensities.

ABSTRACT Hymenolepis nana is a common intestinal tapeworm that affects humans. Drugs, including praziquantel (PZQ), are essential for managing this infection. Natural products are now considered as an alternative agent to control hymenolepiasis. Three doses of the herb Ferula asafetida (FAH) (100-150-200 mg/ml) were used to assess the appropriate dose and right time to eliminate H. nana. It was found that 150 mg/ml gives no movement in 5 min and is an appropriate dose affecting H. nana. This study showed that FAH completely controls mature worms. Treatment with FAH induced a significant reduction in worm burden and complete healing after 14 days relative to a single dose PZQ drug. Moreover, histological studies for the infected-treated mice with FAH demonstrated improvement in the intestinal tissue and less accumulation of inflammation relative to those treated with PZQ. In addition, the cestodal infection significantly upregulated the inflammatory cytokines. This increase in mRNA expression of TNF-��, iNOS, and IL-2 was 6.80, 5.65, and 8.95-fold, respectively, which significantly downregulated upon treatment. Collectively, F. asafetida is a promising medicinal plant with anti-cestodal and anti-inflammatory activities and could be used for the treatment of hymenolepiasis.

ABSTRACT Blood samples from 200 female dogs divided into 6 groups (diestrus, mucometra, pyometra) were evaluated, with the pyometra group categorized according to the ASA classification (American Society of Anesthesiologists), that is, from ASA II to V, totaling six groups. Aiming to analyze the acute phase proteins (APP), hematological and serum biochemical profiles of the female dogs in the study, establishing the differential diagnosis and prognosis according to the group. The SDS-PAGE method was used for protein fractionation, complete blood count using an automated hematological analyzer and histogram, biochemical tests performed using a semi-automatic spectrophotometer and measurement of serum concentrations of sodium and ionic calcium using the selective ion method. The results showed that female dogs with pyometra categorized in the ASA II to V classification revealed biochemical alterations between the study groups, as well as the acute phase proteins, presented variations according to the systemic involvement, degree of inflammatory response and ASA classification of the female dogs with pyometra, in which ceruloplasmin (p=0.07) and transferrin (p=0.07) did not show statistical significance, but showed an increase in their concentration according to the inflammatory evolution, albumin (p

Abstract Background: Methotrexate (MTX) is an alternative treatment for patients with moderate/severe atopic dermatitis (AD). Objective: The authors evaluated the effect of MTX on the cutaneous expression of cytokines and chemokines that are involved in the inflammatory response in adult AD patients who received treatment with methotrexate for 24 weeks. Methods: The authors conducted a prospective single-institution cohort study with 12 adults with moderate/severe AD who received oral MTX (15 mg/wk for 24 wks) and 10 non-atopic matched controls. The comparison was made of skin biopsies of lesional and non-lesional skin, pre- and post MTX treatment. The authors analyzed mean epidermal thickness and expression of IL-31, IL-31RA, OSMR, TSLP, Ki67, IL-4 mRNA, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, TARC, and CCL-22. Results: There was a reduction in mean epidermal thickness (p = 0.021), an increase in IL-31RA expression (immunohistochemistry) in the epidermis (p = 0.016) and a decrease in IL-31 gene expression (p = 0.019) on lesional AD skin post-MTX treatment. No significant changes in the cutaneous expression of the other evaluated markers were identified. Study limitations: Small sample size and limited length of follow-up. Conclusions: Treatment with MTX in adults with moderate/severe AD reduced epidermal hyperplasia and changed the cutaneous expression of inflammatory cytokines and receptors that are mainly related to pruritus, including IL-31 and IL-31RA.

Abstract Objective To compare the patterns of systemic inflammatory response in women with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) or no evidence of malignant disease, as well as to evaluate the profile of systemic inflammatory responses in type-1 and type-2 tumors. This is a non-invasive and indirect way to assess both tumor activity and the role of the inflammatory pattern during pro- and antitumor responses. Materials and Methods We performed a prospective evaluation of 56 patients: 30 women without evidence of malignant disease and 26 women with EOC. The plasma quantification of cytokines, chemokines, and microparticles (MPs) was performed using flow cytometry. Results Plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-12 (IL12), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin-10 (IL-10), and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9 (CXCL-9) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL-10) were significantly higher in patients with EOC than in those in the control group. Plasma levels of cytokine interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and MPs derived from endothelial cells were lower in patients with EOC than in the control group. The frequency of leukocytes and MPs derived from endothelial cells was higher in type-2 tumors than in those without malignancy. We observed an expressive number of inflammatory/regulatory cytokines and chemokines in the cases of EOC, as well as negative and positive correlations involving them, which leads to a higher complexity of these networks. Conclusion The present study showed that, through the development of networks consisting of cytokines, chemokines, and MPs, there is a greater systemic inflammatory response in patients with EOC and a more complex correlation of these biomarkers in type-2 tumors.

Copyright of Health & Society is the property of Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa Periodicojs and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT Ophidic accidents caused by snakes of the genus Bothrops are responsible for 70% of notifications in the country. The antiophidic serum is the specific antidote against envenomation caused by these snakes. Aiming to evaluate the health status of horses producing antibotropic serum, the hematological variables and serum iron were delineated along the protocol of three immunizations. The animals were evaluated at 17 experimental moments, being: control (before the immunogen application), four hours, 24h, 48h, 72h and seven days after inoculations, for each immunization. There was a significant decrease in erythrocyte, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values after the second immunization. Serum iron values showed significant decreases during the three immunizations. Significant decreases in lymphocyte values were noted in the first two immunizations, while there was a significant increase in neutrophil values during all three immunizations. Eosinophils, monocytes, and basophils did not show significant difference throughout the three immunizations. The immunization protocol described in this study caused an inflammatory reaction at the site of immunogen application and transient changes in hematological parameters and iron levels, as by the end of the immunization protocol, the variable values returned the reference levels.

Abstract: We aimed to verify the prevalence of body composition phenotypes and the association of glycemic, lipidic, and inflammatory biomarkers with such phenotypes. This is a cross-sectional, population-based study, with 720 participants aged 20 to 59 years. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Obesity was defined as body fat percentage ≥ 25% in males and ≥ 32% in females and sarcopenia by appendicular muscle mass index < 7.0kg/m2 in males and < 5.5kg/m2 in females. Sarcopenic obesity (SO) was defined as the presence of both sarcopenia and obesity. The prevalence of obesity, sarcopenia, and SO were 62.5%, 4.5%, and 6.2%, respectively. The association between biomarkers and phenotypes was verified using multinomial logistic regression models adjusted for confounding factors. The models showed that increased glycemia (OR = 3.39; 95%CI: 1.83-6.27), total cholesterol (TC) (OR = 2.24; 95%CI: 1.35-3.70), LDL-c (OR = 1.01; 95%CI: 1.00-1.02), VLDL-c (OR = 1.04; 95%CI: 1.02-1.06), non-HDL-c (OR = 1.02; 95%CI: 1.01-1.03), triglycerides (Tg) (OR = 3.66; 95%CI: 2.20-6.06), and decreased HDL-c (OR = 0.97; 95%CI: 0.95-0.98) were significantly associated with the obesity phenotype. Increased HOMA-IR (OR = 3.94; 95%CI: 1.69-9.21), LDL-c (OR = 1.01; 95%CI: 1.00-1.02), non-HDL-c (OR = 1.01; 95%CI: 1.00-1.02), and hs-CRP (OR = 2.42; 95%CI: 1.04-5.66) were independently associated with SO phenotype. Our findings indicate that increased glycemia, TC, Tg, LDL-c, VLDL-c, non-HDL-c, and decreased HDL-c may be indicators of the obesity phenotype and that increased hs-CRP, HOMA-IR, LDL-c, and non-HDL-c appear to be indicators of the SO phenotype. Those parameters may be used as additional markers for screening.

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Prescrição e Fisiologia do Exercício is the property of Instituto Brasileiro de Pesquisa e Ensino em Fisiologia do Exercicio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Objective This study aimed at investigating a set of peripheral cytokines in elderly female patients with MDD, comparing them to controls, and assessing the potential influence of clinical comorbidities on inflammatory markers. Methods Twenty-five elderly female patients diagnosed with MDD and 19 age-matched female controls were enrolled on this study. Plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were evaluated with commercially-available assays. Results Elderly female patients with MDD exhibited higher plasma IL-6 and IL-4 levels when compared to controls. In a logistic regression model taking cytokine levels, comorbidities, and age into account, only type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) remained associated with MDD. Conclusion Diabetes influences the association between MDD and higher levels of cytokines in elderly female patients. Future studies should take this evidence into account in order to mitigate confounding factors.

Introduction: Pain relief after surgery remains one of the most significant medical challenges, mainly in aesthetic surgery. The infiltration of the surgical incision with local anesthetics has been increasingly used to reduce pain and other analgesic use. However, little is known about the effect of this injection on healing. The objective is to evaluate the interference of local anesthetics in the area of inflammatory infiltrate and fibrosis scar in rats. Methods: Two linear incisions each were made on the dorsal region of 40 Wistar rats. The left incision was infiltrated with doses of 1.8ml of bupivacaine, levobupivacaine, ropivacaine, or 0,9% saline solution infiltration. The right incision did not receive infiltration, serving as a control group. After seven days, samples of the incisions were collected for histological morphometric evaluation. Results: When compared with the control groups, the area of inflammatory infiltrate was found larger in the bupivacaine, ropivacaine, and levobupivacaine groups. The bupivacaine group presented a larger inflammatory infiltrate than the levobupivacaine and ropivacaine. The fibrous scar area was larger in the levobupivacaine and ropivacaine groups. There was no difference between the groups that received anesthetic and saline solution. Conclusion: As there was no difference between the anesthetics and saline solution groups, the volume applied, or the trauma may have been the cause of the larger areas of infiltrating and scar associated with local anesthetics application.

ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration on activation and apoptosis of primordial follicles. There was no difference in the total number of follicles as well as in the different types of follicles. Furthermore, the LPS challenge didn’t modulate the expression of genes related with ovarian reserve (HAM), oocyte survival (Survivin), activation rate (Pten, KIT, KITL1, KITL2, AKT1, SIRT1), and follicular abnormalities. Therefore, the LPS exposure with 24h interval had no effect on activation rate and primordial follicles abnormalities, and also had no effect on expression of anti-apoptotic genes and genes related with ovarian reserve, oocyte survival, activation rate, and primordial follicles abnormalities.

Abstract Introduction Periodontitis is a major public health problem. Although the principle of periodontitis therapy is mainly focused on removing dental biofilm and associated factors, its physiopathology enrolls different molecular and inflammatory events related to the host immune system, as the participation of the endocannabinoid system. Objective This review aimed to explore and elucidate the mechanisms and roles of the endocannabinoid system on periodontitis physiopathology and its possibilities for future related therapies. Material and method An electronic search was carried out on the PubMed platform for studies involving the action of the endocannabinoid system on periodontitis. Result Nineteen clinical and preclinical studies were included in this narrative review. Conclusion Cannabinoid receptors type 1 and 2 are integral components of the endocannabinoid system, manifesting in various forms in the periodontal tissues. The actions and mechanisms through which cannabinoid receptors are activated in healthy or inflamed sites remain the focus of ongoing investigations. Moreover, phytocannabinoids and synthetic cannabinoids show therapeutic potential, with pre-clinical studies indicating benefits in reducing inflammation and facilitating tissue repair.

Abstract Background Emerging evidence indicates that inflammation plays an important role as a mechanism underlying mental disorders. However, most of the research on inflammatory mechanisms focuses on serum levels of interleukins and very few studies have investigated molecules that initiate and expand innate immune pathways such as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Objectives This study investigated the levels of DAMPs among patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD) I and II, schizophrenia (SCZ), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). We quantified serum levels of heat shock proteins (HSPs) 70 and 60 and of S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B). Methods Serum levels of HSP70, HSP60, and S100B were assessed in a sample of participants with psychiatric disorders (n = 191) and a control group (CT) (n = 59) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Serum HSP70 concentrations were significantly higher in the MDD group compared to the CT, SCZ, and BD groups. The GAD group had higher concentrations of HSP70 than the SCZ group. Exploring associations with medications, lithium (p = 0.003) and clozapine (p = 0.028) were associated with lower HSP70 levels. Approximately 64% of the sample had DAMPs levels below the limits of detection indicated by the respective ELISA kit. Conclusion This was the first study to assess DAMPs levels in a transdiagnostic sample. Our preliminary findings suggest that HSP70 may be associated with MDD pathophysiology. Medications such as lithium and clozapine were associated with lower HSP70 levels in BD and SCZ groups, respectively. Therefore, it is worth mentioning that all participants were medicated and many psychotropic drugs exert an anti-inflammatory effect, possibly reducing the signs of inflammation.

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Prescrição e Fisiologia do Exercício is the property of Instituto Brasileiro de Pesquisa e Ensino em Fisiologia do Exercicio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT Objective Gouty arthritis is characterized by painful inflammation due to the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in joint tissues. Despite available treatments, many patients experience ineffective management and adverse effects. This study evaluated a manual therapy protocol involving passive joint mobilization at the peak of inflammation in a gouty arthritis model using functional and inflammatory parameters. Methods Twenty male Wistar rats, 12 weeks old, were divided into two groups (n=10 each): Gouty Arthritis and Control Groups, which were further subdivided into treated and untreated groups (n=5 each). The Gouty Arthritis Group received intraarticular knee injection of 50µL of monosodium urate crystals, while the Control Group received 50µL of phosphate buffered saline. The treatment involved a 9-minutes session of grade III joint mobilization (according to Maitland). Nociception, grip strength, and edema were evaluated before induction (EV0), 7 hours after assessment (EV1), immediately after treatment (EV2), and 1 hour after treatment (EV3). The animals were euthanized, and synovial fluid was collected to analyze leukocyte migration. Results The model mimicked the signs of the Gouty Arthritis Group, with a decrease in the threshold of nociception and strength and an increase in edema and leukocyte count. The mobilization protocol significantly increased the nociceptive threshold and grip strength and reduced edema; however, it did not reverse the increase in leukocyte count. Conclusion Our results suggest that mobilization promotes analgesia and may modulate the inflammatory process owing to reduced edema and subtle attenuation of cell migration, which contributes to strength gain.

Copyright of Health & Society is the property of Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa Periodicojs and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sarcopenia is a progressive skeletal muscle disorder characterized by reduced strength and quality. Pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical aspects, and nutritional points were related to sarcopenia in COVID-19 found in skeletal muscle during and after the disease course, which corroborated the development of adverse events. Declining physical activity, insufficient protein intake, and worsened proinflammatory response have been shown to have negative consequences on muscle protein synthesis, potentiating the risk of acute sarcopenia. Obesity sarcopenia has also been shown to worsen the prognosis of patients with SARS-CoV-2. Nutritional rehabilitation is used to prevent or minimize the development of acute sarcopenia. Dietary recommendations include increased energy supply and protein intake of 1.2 to 2.0 g/kg of body weight. Evidence suggests that aging with sedentary behaviors, pathophysiological changes, and inflammation alter body composition. In addition, nutritional deficiencies are predictors and aggravators of acute sarcopenia in COVID-19.

ABSTRACT Objective: this research objective was to develop a new peritoneal adhesion animal model that would lead to adhesions formation in all operated animals, simple and reproducible, associated with maintenance the animal’s health. Methods: eighteen adult male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly distributed into three groups: Control Group (anatomical and clinical parameters), Sham Group (delicate manipulation of the stomach and exposure of the peritoneal cavity to ambient air) and Surgery Group (gastrotomy followed by gastrorrhaphy). The animals were analyzed and classificated macroscopically according to two adhesion classification models and differences between groups were considered significant when p

ABSTRACT Currently, the market offers a wide variety of suture threads, made of materials with different structural and chemical properties. Among many other characteristics, they vary in origin, absorption or degradation, and structure. From this variety, the clinical doubt arises as to which material provides the patient with the best healing quality. Objective: This study aims to comparatively evaluate two different types of suture threads-Monocryl® (polyglycaprone 25) and Ethilon® (nylon)-regarding their ability to aid in tissue regeneration by a histological and immunohistochemical analysis of the skin of rats sutured with the aforementioned materials. Methods: This basic experimental study used 12 adult Wistar rats, randomly divided into three groups with four animals each and subjected to four longitudinal incisions under anesthesia. Each group corresponded to a postsurgical evaluation date (one, seven, and 14 days). Results: At 14 postoperative days, the studied groups had no histological difference. However, the use of nylon thread showed greater evidence of earlier fibrotic union. Conclusion: This study found no histological difference in healing 14 days after surgery among the techniques and the types of suture threads. Level of Evidence II, Therapeutic Studies.

Copyright of Health & Society is the property of Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa Periodicojs and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Biomaterials have several indications supporting the bone repair process, besides having bone substitute function in extensive losses. There are several advantages of its use, such as contribution in osteoconductivity, stimulation of neovascularization, antimicrobial potential, among others. Tibial bone defects was performed in six Santa Inês breed ewes and implanted with chitosan, collagen and hydroxyapatite biomaterial. One limb was considered the control limb and the other one the biomaterial limb, chosen randomly. Thermographic and Power Doppler sonography was performed in all animals, weekly for 56 days. The thermography showed no significant differences related to low, high and mean temperature between the control and the biomaterial groups. Statistical variations were found between time in both groups. The visualization of neovascularization with the Power Doppler sonography did not present statistical differences, except for day 21 (P=0,031). Within the possibilities provided by imaging exams, thermography and Power Doppler sonography demonstrate to be non-invasive methods for postoperative evaluation of inflammatory process and neovascularization. The weekly management allowed reliable and detailed monitoring throughout the experiment, without causing discomfort or stress to the animals. There was no evidence of biomaterial complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteomyelitis of the facial and cranial base bones is a rare and aggressive osseous inflammatory process that demands an immediate treatment because of its potential fatality, representing a clinical and diagnostic challenge. The general risk factors for osteomyelitis include systemic conditions that diminish osseous vascularization and immunosuppressive conditions. Fungi are rarely implicated in the disease's etiology, accounting for approximately 10% of infection cases opportunistically. Mucorales and Aspergillus are the two most commonly associated agents of invasive fungal osteomyelitis. This study reports a case of chronic rhinosinusitis complicated by cranial base osteomyelitis in a diabetic patient. Invasive craniofacial fungal infections with primary maxillary involvement are a rare phenomenon and constitute an aggressive and potentially fatal condition in this population. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a globally prevalent disease and a primary predisposing factor for mucormycosis. Definitive diagnosis poses a medical dilemma because of its fulminant progression, technical challenges in conducting specific diagnostic tests, and scarcity of occurrences and reports. Early diagnosis, following clinical suspicion based on history and clinical examination, aided by radiographic study, and histopathological confirmation are imperative to determine the immediate initiation of a treatment, which is essential for reducing mortality rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Stenosis of the major salivary ducts most commonly affects the parotid ducts, and it is typically found in women between the fourth and sixth decades of life. The traditional approach, in most cases, involves controlling obstructive symptoms. Whenever unsuccessful, the excision of the affected major salivary gland is conducted. Advances in technology have led to the emergence of more conservative techniques, such as sialoendoscopy. However, these innovative technologies are not available in all contexts, demanding the exploration of alternative approaches to the problem. Objectives: To report the case of a patient who underwent marsupialization of the parotid duct due to bilateral stenosis. Case summary: A 49-year-old female presented complaints of postprandial edema and pain in the parotid area, experienced daily for the past four years, associated with xerostomia. Physical examination revealed palpable enlargement of both parotid glands with slight salivary discharge from the parotid duct orifices upon manual expression. Sialography showed diffuse ectasia of bilateral parotid ducts with a distal stenosis area. The patient then underwent marsupialization with the removal of the stenotic area in both parotid ducts. The histopathological findings were consistent with chronic inflammatory process. Symptoms improved significantly in the postoperative period, and there were no recurrences one year after the surgery. Conclusions: The traditional management of obstructive symptoms poses a challenging problem that often leads to surgical removal of the salivary gland. Minimally invasive techniques have been developed; however, they are not widely available, demanding the exploration of more conservative techniques. Marsupialization of the salivary ducts proved a viable option for this case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Birdshot chorioretinopathy is a rare chronic bilateral posterior uveitis that preferentially affects middle-aged women. The clinical picture is composed of little or no anterior segment inflammatory process, associated with vitritis and yellowish-white ovoid chorioretinal lesions with hyperfluorescent characteristics on fluorescein angiography and hypofluorescent characteristics on green indocyanine green angiography. Treatment is with corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive drugs. However, in some cases, the disease is refractory to such therapy, making it necessary to resort to other drugs such as biological agents. The present article seeks to report a case of Birdshot chorioretinopathy in an adjustment of immunosuppressive therapy that evolved with poor response to the initial drugs and good control after the use of immunobiologicals and discuss the currently available therapeutic options. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of RSBO: Revista Sul-Brasileira de Odontologia is the property of UNIVILLE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: This integrative review aims to search and analyze scientific evidence on the relationship between obesity, immune function, and depressive disorder. Methods: The present study is a descriptive review of literature concerning the keywords: obesity, depression, immunologic, inflammation, psychoneuroimmunology and cytokines. The inclusion criteria were: articles published in english; articles referring to the integrative review and articles published and indexed in the PubMed database in the last 17 years. Results: A large amount of evidence indicates that immune function seems to be compromised in obesity and has, through this, a relationship in the trigger of depressive symptom. However, more evidence is still needed to better elucidate the pathophysiology components of depressive incidences through obesity and associated immunological alterations. Conclusions: The pathophysiological scenario of obesity is closely related to changes in immune function, and these may promote depressive symptoms through various physiological mechanisms and thus negatively impact mental health status.

Objective: Some months after the remission of acute COVID-19, some individuals show depressive symptoms, which are predicted by increased peak body temperature (PBT) and decreased blood oxygen saturation (SpO2). The present study aimed to examine data on whether long COVID is associated with increased insulin resistance (IR) in association with neuroimmune and oxidative (NIO) processes during the acute infectious and long COVID phases. Methods: This case-control, retrospective cohort study used the Homeostasis Model Assessment 2 (HOMA2) calculator© to compute β-cell function (HOMA2%B) and insulin sensitivity (HOMA2%S) and resistance (HOMA2-IR) and administered the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) to 86 patients with long COVID and 39 controls. Results: Long COVID (3-4 months after the acute infection) is accompanied by increased HOMA2-IR, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and insulin levels; 33.7% of the patients vs. 0% of the controls had HOMA2-IR values > 1.8, suggesting IR. Increased IR was predicted by PBT during acute infection and associated with depressive symptoms above and beyond the effects of NIO pathways (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 [NLRP3] inflammasome, myeloperoxidase [MPO], protein oxidation). There were no significant associations between increased IR and the activated NIO pathways during long COVID. Conclusion: Long COVID is associated with new-onset IR, which may contribute to onset of depressive symptoms due to long COVID by enhancing overall neurotoxicity.

Objective: Changes in the kynurenine pathway are recognized in psychiatric disorders, but their role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is less clear. We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether tryptophan and kynurenine pathway metabolites are altered in AD. Methods: We performed a systematic review and random-effects meta-analyses. Inclusion criteria were studies that compared AD and cognitively normal (CN) groups and assessed tryptophan or kynurenine pathway metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid or peripheral blood. Results: Twenty-two studies with a total of 1,356 participants (664 with AD and 692 CN individuals) were included. Tryptophan was decreased only in peripheral blood. The kynurenine-to-tryptophan ratio was only increased in peripheral blood of the AD group. 3-Hydroxykynurenine was decreased only in cerebrospinal fluid and showed higher variability in the CN group than the AD group. Kynurenic acid was increased in cerebrospinal fluid and decreased in peripheral blood. Finally, there were no changes in kynurenine and quinolinic acid between the groups. Conclusions: Our results suggested a shift toward the kynurenine pathway in both the brain and in the periphery, as well as a shift towards increased kynurenic acid production in the brain but decreased production in peripheral blood. In addition, our analysis indicated dissociation between the central and peripheral levels, as well as between plasma and serum for some of these metabolites. Finally, changes in the kynurenine pathway are suggested to be a core component of AD. More studies are warranted to verify and consolidate our results.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of alcoholic extract of Tarantula cubensis alcoholic extract (TCAE) in experimentally induced inflammation in rats. Fifty-four adult Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into nine groups. Paw edema was induced by 0.2mL subplantar (s.p.) injection of 1% carrageenan (CAR) into the right hind paw. Rats were treated with the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) indomethacin (INDO) (10mg/kg, p.o.) or TCAE at different doses (1, 10 or 100µg/kg) injected s.c. for systemic or s.p. for local anti-inflammatory effect. Saline was used as control. Changes in paw thickness, volume, and weight were calculated as percentages. Formalin-fixed paws were used for histopathological examination. We detected that TCAE applied s.c. at 10µg/kg and 100µg/kg doses resulted in thinner paw thickness, lower paw volume, and lower paw weights four hours after the induction of inflammation when compared with the INDO group (p

INTRODUCTION: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) affects more than 202 million people worldwide, 1.3% of which with chronic limb-threatening ischaemia (CLTI). PAD is associated with an elevated mortality and morbidity. However, the evolution from claudication or from asymptomatic PAD to CLTI is not completely understood and cardiovascular risk factors are unable to fully explain it. The aim of this opportunistic review is to understand the role of inflammation in the evolution to CLTI and to analyse if inflammation can increase the mortality risk. METHODS: A systematic search of the PubMed database was performed with the keywords and medical subject heading (MesH): “inflammation”, “cytokine”, “prognosis”, “death”, “mortality”, “CLTI” and “CLI”. Of 146 papers, 8 articles and 1622 patients were included RESULTS: We verified that inflammation is important for the initiation and progression of PAD. There are several candidate inflammatory triggers, including the cardiovascular risk factors (age, nicotine abuse, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia). However, these traditional risk factors, fail to explain the variable nature of disease progression between individuals and the pro-inflammatory polymorphisms could be a key element. Several studies also proved that patients with CLTI have a marked elevated level of cytokines. The increase inflammatory burden in patients with PAD, particularly with CLTI could explain the increased inflammation and may help to explain why the prevalence of clinically manifested coronary artery disease in PAD is much higher than the prevalence of PAD in coronary artery disease patients. CONCLUSION: Anti-inflammatory therapy and revascularization can avoid the systemic consequences of inflammation in patient with CLTI and should be timely implemented.

A periapical or radicular cyst is an odontogenic cyst that can be associated with the apex of a tooth with pulp necrosis, and commonly of inflammatory origin. This inflammation is related to the proliferation and stimulation of cells to the debris of epithelial debris of Malassez found in the periodontal ligament, with inflammation at the site. It is one of the most frequent lesions in the anterior maxilla region, but it can also be found in the mandible. With a predilection for both sexes in adult life between 30 and 40 years old. It has a slow progression, in most cases it is asymptomatic, and depends on its extension1. Generally, the appearance of the periapical cyst is an infection of the root canal, if not treated and will have the appearance of the lesion. On clinical examination, the periapical cyst is small, asymptomatic, and may rarely be tender and painful to percussion, and on radiographic examinations, the cyst can be seen on a panoramic x-ray or on a CT scan of the specific region. The surgery will be the reconstruction for the bone defect and thus, return the esthetics. Therefore, there are several techniques for using innovative grafts depending on the case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Health Sciences Journal / Revista Ciências em Saúde is the property of Hospital de Clinicas de Itajuba - Associacao de Integracao Social de Itajuba and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study was to evaluate dietary vitamin D intake and its relationship with an inflammation marker in obese women. A cross-sectional study was designed involving obese women (n=44) and women with normal weight (n=44). Anthropometric assessment using weight and height measurements and classification of nutritional status according to body mass index and waist circumference measurement was performed. The intake of vitamin D was assessed using food diaries kept for three days and the Dietpro 5.i program. Determination of C-reactive protein in serum was carried out by turbidimetry measurement. About the results, the mean values ​​of vitamin D intake by obese women were lower than those of the control group and the reference values ​​(p=0.001). The mean C-reactive protein concentrations for obese women and the control group were 2.45±1.72 mg/L and 1.79±0.48 mg/L, respectively. The results of the analysis of correlation between the intake of vitamin D and the inflammatory marker evaluated in this study revealed no significant association. About the conclusion, the obese women evaluated in this study ingested vitamin D at an amount lower than the recommended value. The study does not show any relationship between vitamin D intake and serum C-reactive protein concentrations in obese women evaluated. However, considering the important anti-inflammatory function of vitamin D, it is necessary to deepen knowledge about the impact of this vitamin on obesity.