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Na atual fase pandêmica da COVID-19, quase todas as instituições de ensino foram forçadas a passar por uma transformação abrupta de ensino presencial para ensino remoto geralmente fundamentado na adoção e uso de novas tecnologias educacionais. Especificamente, no contexto dos estudantes com autismo, entende-se como pertinente analisar estudos relacionados a possibilidades destas tecnologias no âmbito da melhoria (ou não) da compreensão conceitual destes estudantes. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo levantar, analisar e discutir práticas de uso de laboratórios remotos e seu impacto na aprendizagem de estudantes autista, à luz da Teoria da Distância Transacional. Para tal, foi feita uma revisão de narrativa de literatura. Foram examinados 32 artigos encontrados nas bases de dados Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore, Wiley InterScience e Science Direct–Elsevier. Como resultado, as evidências demonstraram que, no contexto da Teoria Transacional, os laboratórios remotos tendem a potencializar a efetividade dos métodos de ensino e melhorias na aprendizagem dos estudantes com transtorno do espectro autista.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the efficiency of Ringer’s lactate solution (RL) and RL + 1% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and compare them with the efficiency of Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline (D-PBS). Twenty-two Wagyu female cattle were subjected to superovulation and were randomly distributed to form three groups: group 1 – uterine flushing with RL (n = 8), group 2 – uterine flushing with RL + 1% FBS (n = 7), and group 3 – uterine flushing with D-PBS (n = 7, control group). Cows received a CIDR® device containing 1.9 g of progesterone at random stages of the estrous cycle (day 0). Progesterone withdrawal occurred on day 8 in the morning. For heifers, 160 mg of porcine follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH-P) was used and for cows, 200 mg. Prostaglandin F2α was also injected on the eighth day of FSH-P administration. On day 9, in the morning, hCG was administered. Females were superovulated and inseminated twice in a fixed time for embryo transfer. On the 16th day, females were subjected to uterine flushing for embryo collection. We collected 76 embryos from 22 females subjected to superovulation, of which 52 were transferable and 24 had degenerated. The total of embryos collected was 23, 16, and 23 for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The embryo recovery rates per group were 13.86±4.23, 15.39±4.61 and 27.16±13.33%, in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The means for the total structures collected per female were 2.88±0.85, 3.00±1.23, and 4.57±1.72 in groups flushed with RL, RL + 1% FBS, and D-PBS, respectively. We conclude that Ringer’s lactate solution and Ringer’s lactate solution + 1% of FBS and Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline showed no significant differences in terms of embryo quality or quantity, suggesting that Ringer’s lactate solution is an alternative for collecting embryos in cattle.

We evaluated the parasitological behavior of sheep females fed with different levels of crude protein, by the value of hematocrit and egg counts per gram of feces (EPG) in identifying severely infected animals. Were used 47 female sheep of Santa Ines, Texel and Ile de France, aged between eight and 12 months, wormed 30 days before the first data of crops, which were held every two weeks. Within each race, the animals were divided into two treatments, deferred by 12% or 16%, crude protein in the diet. It is obtained, laboratory, the value of hematocrit of each animal and the amount of EPG. The value of hematocrit showed a variation (28.5 a 34.0) throughout the experimental period, arising from changes (800 a 5400) of EPG values. No differences were identified for EPG and hematocrit levels between 12 and 16% of PB. Diet recommendation with 12% crude protein, by inferring lower commercial cost in feed.

The objective was to study the corn silage with addition of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% glycerin, ensiled in experimental silos of PVC. At the opening of the silos there were evaluated the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDDM) and cell wall (IVDCW) and aerobic stability through measures of temperature and pH of silage at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours. In situ degradability of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber of silages were evaluated in fistulated cattle using samples incubated at 0, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 96 hours. The experimental design was completely randomized design and statistical analyzes were performed using Bayesian inference. Increases were observed in DM, mineral matter (MM), non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) and reductions for neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), crude protein (CP) and ether extract (EE) as the inclusion of glycerin was higher. The content of total digestible nutrients (TDN) estimated in treatments with 5, 10, 15 and 20% glycerin, were superior to the control (P

The experiment was performed with the objective of studying the ensiled sugarcane silage with 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% of glycerin in experimental PVC silos. The aerobic stability was assessed by measuring the pH and the temperature of the silage at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120h. The chemical composition, the levels of non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC) and the total digestible nutrients (TDN) were evaluated. The in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDDM) and the in vitro digestibility of the cell wall (IVDCW) in the silages were evaluated. In three fistulated cattle the in situ degradability of dry matter (DM) and the disappearance percentage of the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in samples incubated at 0, 2, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96h were analyzed. The experimental design was completely randomized and the statistical analyzes were done using Bayesian inference. Increases were observed in DM, TDN, mineral matter, NFC and reductions in NDF, acid detergent fiber, crude protein and ether extract as the inclusion of glycerin was higher. IVDDM increased (P

The incidence of estrus in nulliparous Santa Inês (n = 16), Texel (n = 16) and Ile de France (n = 15) ewes fed two levels of crude protein (CP, 12 or 16%) was monitored from July 2005 to December 2006, and seasonality in the Santa Inês breed in the south of Brazil was characterized. The solar radiation data were recorded daily, and samples of blood were collected biweekly for determination of the plasma concentration of progesterone in Santa Inês lambs at, on average, 11±1 months of age. The female Santa Inês lambs, in the experimental period, stayed among teaser rams with a powdered-dye-ink mixture placed on their chest to mark the females that accepted to be mounted. Santa Inês ewes did not manifest estrus in the first fortnight of November and in December 2005, nor in the last fortnight of December 2006. Estrus activity was not observed on any of the three breeds in October 2006. Breeds differed at the level of 12% CP. Santa Inês and Ile de France females did not differ as for the probability estrus manifestation and both presented higher probabilities then Texel. When the effect of 12 or 16% CP on each breed was evaluated separately, it was verified that levels of 12 or 16% of crude protein did not change the probability of estrus manifestation in any of the studied breeds. The concentration of plasma progesterone in Santa Inês ewes during the spring of 2005 and 2006 indicated that there is difference between 12% CP (0.68±1.32 ng/mL) and 16% CP (1.28±1.99 ng/mL) and between the years 2005 (0.39±0.78 ng/mL) and 2006 (1.47±2.08 ng/mL), demonstrating the anestrous seasonality of Santa Inês in South Brazil.

This study was carried out to evaluate the influence of diets supplemented with glycerin as an alternative ingredient to corn on the performance and carcass characteristics of Santa Inês confined lambs. The study involved 27 lambs aged 90 days, having an average initial weight of 26.33 ± 0.15 kg. Lambs were randomly distributed into a control group and groups with diets containing 15 and 30% glycerin in the total feed. Diet was formulated with 40% roughage and 60% concentrate. The experimental design was completely randomized, and the production performance and carcass characteristics were analyzed by analysis of variance, and the subjective carcass characteristics, by general linear models. The daily average gain was 0.21, 0.24 and 0.23 kg/day; feeding conversion was 6.39, 5.73 and 5.92 kg of diet/kg BW for control animals, and those fed with 15 or 30% glycerin, respectively, without treatment differences. Lambs were slaughtered, weighing 34 to 36 kg, and average weight of the cold carcass and commercial carcass yield were evaluated. The results were, respectively, 15.97 kg and 49.18%, for control, 15.96 kg and 48.31% for animals fed with 15% glycerin, and 15.79 kg and 47.87% for those treated with 30% glycerin, with no treatment effects. Meat tenderness and cooking loss averages were not affected by diets, with 5.07 kg and 40.45%, 5.10 kg and 40.81%, and 5.27 kg and 39.04%, respectively, for control, and those fed with 15 or 30% glycerin. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that up to 30% of medium purity glycerin in the dry matter of the diet can be used to replace corn, without any negative effect on lamb performance or carcass characteristics.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a taxa de eclosão de larvas de pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus), após o resfriamento dos embriões a -8ºC durante seis horas, utilizando soluções crioprotetoras, para obter um protocolo de resfriamento para a espécie. Utilizaram-se 2.400 embriões em estádio de pós-gástrula, em sete tratamentos de soluções crioprotetoras, mais um controle, com três repetições, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Os crioprotetores etilenoglicol e geléia real foram inapropriados. A substituição de 50% da sacarose não produziu resultados positivos. A combinação metanol (9%) e sacarose (17,5%) possibilitou eclosão de 69,2%, sendo recomendada para o resfriamento a -8ºC de embriões de pacu por seis horas.The objective of this work was to evaluate the percentage of hatching after cooling of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) embryos at -8ºC for six hours, treated with cryoprotectant solutions, to obtain a cooling protocol for the specie. There were 2.400 embryos in post-gastrula stage development, in seven cryoprotectants solutions and control with three replicates, in completely randomized design. Ethylene glycol and honey-jelly were inappropriate. The substitution of 50% sucrose did not produce positive results. The combination of methanol (9%) and sucrose (17.5%) performed 69.2% of hatching and is recommended for cooling of pacu embryos at -8 ºC for six hours.

Sêmen de Piaractus mesopotamicus foi conservado no diluente regularmente utilizado para peixes, constituído de 20 % de gema de ovo + 5 % glicose, com 10 % dedimetil sulfóxido (DMSO) (controle) e quatro soluções utilizadas em diluição de sêmen de suínos: Zorlesco modificado (ZOR), BTZOR (desenvolvido na Universidade Estadual de Maringá), Andro-Hepes e Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS), todos acrescidos de 0,16g de KCl mais 10% de glicerol. A motilidade progressiva e o vigor espermático foram superiores no diluente gema de ovo+glicose(16% e 2,55 pontos, respectivamente) (P>0,05) aos diluidores ZOR, BTZOR, Andro-Hepes e BTS (0,25% e 0,34pontos, respectivamente), porém inferior (P

O objetivo neste trabalho foi avaliar a ingestão e a digestibilidade dos nutrientes das rações e os parâmetros sangüíneos de 20 cabras Saanen (70,65±7,39 kg) no período de 21 dias pré-parto, em condições de confinamento. Foram utilizados cinco níveis de energia 2,95; 2,83; 2,70; 2,58 e 2,46 Mcal de EM/kg de MS, com as respectivas relações volumoso:concentrado 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, 70:30 e 80:20. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições por tratamento. Os níveis de energia não influenciaram o peso vivo e as ingestões de MS, MO, PB, CT, FDN e NDT. No entanto, verificou-se efeito linear positivo da energia da ração sobre a ingestão de EE. Os níveis energéticos da ração influenciaram a digestibilidade dos nutrientes, observando-se efeito linear positivo para MS, MO, EE, FDN, CT e EB, todavia, não houve efeito para PB. Não houve efeito dos tratamentos sobre os valores de colesterol e uréia, mas verificou-se efeito linear positivo do nível energético da ração sobre os níveis de triglicerídeos (mg/dL). O nível de energia de 2,95 Mcal/kg de MS da ração resultou em maior disponibilidade de nutrientes em cabras Saanen no período pré-parto.The objective of this study was to evaluate nutrient intake, blood parameters and digestibility of nutrients on 20 feedlot Saanen goats (70.65±7.39 kg) at 21 days prepartum. Diets with the following energy levels and forage:concentrate ratios were fed: 2.95, 2.83, 2.70, 2.58, and 2.44 Mcal of ME/kg of DM and 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, 70:30, and 80:20, respectively. A completely randomized design with four replications per treatment was used. Animal body weight and blood samples were taken weekly. The different dietary energy levels did not affect body weight (kg) and intakes of DM, OM, CP, TC, NDF, and TDN. However, a significant linear effect was observed for intake of EE by increasing the dietary energy level. With the exception of CP, apparent digestibilities of DM, OM, EE, NDF, TC, and GE all increased linearly when the energy content of the diet increased from 2.44 to 2.95 Mcal of ME/kg of DM. No significant effects were observed for the blood concentrations of cholesterol and urea among treatments. Conversely, concentration of blood triglycerides accompanied the increment of energy in the diet and increased linearly. It can be concluded that the diet with 2.95 Mcal of ME/kg of DM resulted in greater nutrient availability than diets with lower energy content when fed to prepartum Saanen goats.

Utilizaram-se 36 ejaculados de três cachaços, diluídos em partes iguais, com os diluentes Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS), Zorlesco-modificado (ZOR) e BTZOR (desenvolvido na Universidade Estadual de Maringá), para avaliar as características do sêmen e o período de conservação até 25% de motilidade progressiva (MP) para cada diluente. O modelo estatístico foi de blocos inteiramente casualizados, bloqueando cachaço/mês. O período de conservação foi maior no BTZOR (4,94±0,30 dias), seguido pelos ZOR (4,62±0,29 dias) e BTS (3,27±0,30 dias). Análises de regressão mostraram comportamento quadrático na MP para os meios BTS e ZOR e cúbico para o BTZOR, com o decorrer dos dias de conservação. O vigor (V) apresentou comportamento linear para BTS e ZOR e quadrático para BTZOR. O grau de aglutinação apresentou comportamento linear para todos os diluentes. O BTZOR conservou sêmen por maior período de tempo, mantendo melhores médias de motilidade progressiva e vigor, seguido pelos ZOR e BTS.

Utilizaram-se 83 fêmeas, inseminadas com ejaculados de três cachaços, diluídos em Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS), Zorlesco-modificado (ZOR) e BTZOR (meio desenvolvido na Universidade Estadual de Maringá), sendo 28 fêmeas inseminadas com o diluente BTS, 28 com ZOR e 27 com BTZOR, com o objetivo de estudar os índices de retorno ao cio e de parição e os números médios de leitões nascidos e nascidos vivos das fêmeas inseminadas. As fêmeas inseminadas com ZOR apresentaram melhor índice de parição (92,9%), quando comparadas às inseminadas com BTZOR (70,4%) e BTS (67,9%). O índice de retorno ao cio foi menor nas fêmeas inseminadas com ZOR (7,14%) em comparação às inseminadas com BTZOR (29,6%) e BTS (32,14%), não tendo diferença entre o BTS e o BTZOR. Concluiu-se que os melhores resultados quanto ao desempenho reprodutivo das fêmeas ocorreram nas inseminações realizadas com sêmen diluído em Zorlesco-modificado.

Sêmen de Piaractus mesopotamicus foi conservado no diluente regularmente utilizado para peixes, constituído de 20 % de gema de ovo + 5 % glicose, com 10 % dedimetil sulfóxido (DMSO) (controle) e quatro soluções utilizadas em diluição de sêmen de suínos: Zorlesco modificado (ZOR), BTZOR (desenvolvido na Universidade Estadual de Maringá), Andro-Hepes e Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS), todos acrescidos de 0,16g de KCl mais 10% de glicerol. A motilidade progressiva e o vigor espermático foram superiores no diluente gema de ovo+glicose(16% e 2,55 pontos, respectivamente) (P>0,05) aos diluidores ZOR, BTZOR, Andro-Hepes e BTS (0,25% e 0,34pontos, respectivamente), porém inferior (P

Foram selecionados 48 Curimbás (Prochilodus lineatus) e hipofisados com extrato de hipófise de frango (EHF), extrato de hipófise de coelho (EHCo) e o controle com extrato de hipófise de carpa (EHC). Os animais foram induzidos, aleatoriamente, com os tratamentos arranjados em um fatorial de três hormônios e três semanas. Animais tratados com EHF, EHC ou EHCo produziram, em média, 0,65, 0,45 e 0,20 mL de sêmen, respectivamente, havendo diferença (P;0,05) quando comparados com os machos induzidos com EHF. Prochilodus lineatus induzidos com EHF mostraram motilidade espermática progressiva superior (P;0,05) aos tratados com EHC ou EHF. Quanto ao vigor espermático, os machos responderam de forma semelhante (P>;0,05) para os três indutores utilizados, sendo em média, 2,75 pontos. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, conclui-se que o EHF apresentou eficiência semelhante ou melhor do que o tradicional EHC. Entretanto, o EHCo necessita de mais pesquisas, visando testar hipófise de animais mais idosos.

Epidemiological studies on schizophrenia have showed different age at onset between gender, in which male schizophrenics present symptoms earlier than females. However this gender effect is not observed within familial schizophrenia. The present study investigates the age at onset in 31 RDC-schizophrenics from 13 Brazilian families. No differences in age at onset were found between gender, confirming previous studies in other populations. This result may indicate genetic influences on age at onset in a subgroup of patients affected by schizophrenia and can be explored by molecular genetic studies.

Purpose: To determine the incidence of mitral valve prolapse (MVP), using echocardiographic and auscultatory criteria, in cases of panic disorder (complicated or not with agoraphobia)., Patients and Methods: Sixty-five patients (37 women) with panic disorder and without known cardiac disease, mean age 39.8 years (range 19-67) were studied. MVP was diagnosed when there was a typical auscultatory click or when the echocardiographic study (echo) registered one mitral lacinea 2 mm behind the C-D line at the "M" study or a systolic billowing of mitral leaflets in two views to the two-dimensional study., Results: MVP was found in 29 (44.6%) of the patients, 12 (42.7) men and 17 (49.5%) women. A click was found in 19 (24%) of the cases and the Echo was positive in 24 (39.6%) of the patients. Click and a positive Echo finding were identified in 14 patients., Conclusion: MVP was found in panic cases, in incidence greater than in the general population.

Electroencephalographic changes were studied in 27 patients with panic disorder and agoraphobia with panic attacks due to some clinical similarities between panic disorder and temporal lobe epilepsy. The EEG records, obtained with sleep deprivation, photostimulation and hyperventilation showed no abnormalities.