15 results on '"Fecal contamination"'
Search Results
2. ANÁLISE DAS CONDIÇÕES MICROBIOLÓGICAS DA ÁGUA DO MUNICÍPIO DE MURITIBA - BAHIA.
- Author
-
MASCARENHAS, A. I. L., NASCIMENTO, E. C., RODRIGUES, E. P., DA SILVA, B. O., and MORENO, J. DE S.
- Subjects
- *
WATER quality , *MICROBIAL contamination , *COLIFORMS , *WATER analysis , *CONSUMPTION (Economics) , *DRINKING water , *FECAL contamination - Abstract
Water is important for our survival and indispensable for the production of food and other activities for economic purposes. The necessary characteristic of the water distributed for human consumption is potability, that is, it must be clean and free from any contamination of microbiological, chemical, physical or radioactive origin, and under no circumstances should it offer risks to human health. The objective was to evaluate the microbiological quality of water in the city of Muritiba, Bahia. Twelve water samples were collected at different points: a Cachoeirinha river and where in Muritiba. Microbiological analyzes were performed according to the methodological procedures described in the Practical Water Analysis Manual. Through the analyzes carried out it was possible to assess whether there was the presence or absence of bacteria in the coliform group; of the twelve points evaluated, the eleven collected in the city of Muritiba, resulted in the absence of microorganisms, while that of the Cachoeirinha River, had presence of both microorganisms, being unfit for consumption. Thus, water and / or reservoir care is necessary to make quality water available to the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Água Subterrânea dos Poços da Área Rural de Frederico Westphalen-RS: Qualidade, Aspectos Ambientais e Conformidade Legal.
- Author
-
Emiliano Santos, Caroline, Correa Medeiros, Raphael, and Andrea Mancuso, Malva
- Subjects
WATER supply ,FECAL contamination ,WATER quality ,WATERSHEDS ,PASTURE plants ,FORAGE plants - Abstract
Copyright of Anuario do Instituto de Geociencias is the property of Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Geociencias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Indicators of viral contamination in water samples consumed in rural regions of Goiás
- Author
-
Bordoni, Graziela Picciola, Carneiro, Lilian Carla, Albuquerque, Antônio João Carvalho de, and Oliveira, Bruno Francesco Rodrigues de
- Subjects
Vírus entéricos ,Contaminação fecal ,CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS ,Enteric viruses ,Comunidades rurais ,Fecal contamination ,Fontes de água ,Rural communities ,Water sources - Abstract
As comunidades rurais estão localizadas longe dos centros urbanos, onde o fornecimento adequado de água potável é prejudicado. Na falta de uma rede pública de distribuição, a obtenção de água, é feita a partir de fontes superficiais e subterrâneas, onde a qualidade microbiana é muitas vezes desconhecida. Goiás possui 9,7% da população em áreas rurais e estudos anteriores feitos em algumas dessas comunidades rurais e tradicionais já demonstraram vulnerabilidade da água para o consumo desses residentes por patógenos de veiculação hídrica, como os vírus entéricos. Logo, o objetivo do trabalho foi continuar a avaliação da contaminação fecal de amostras de água provenientes de fontes individuais e coletivas, de 24 comunidades em áreas rurais do Estado de Goiás. Foram coletadas 160 amostras, cujas fontes de água eram poço tubular raso, poço tubular profundo, poço raso escavado e nascente, mananciais superficiais, água da chuva armazenada em cisternas e caminhão pipa. Utilizou-se como indicadores de contaminação fecal os vírus entéricos Adenovírus humano (HAdV), Rotavírus (RV) e Enterovírus (EV), analisados por qPCR. Ao todo, 30% das amostras apresentaram indicativo de contaminação fecal. As taxas de detecção foram de 20% para RV, 9,4% para HAdV e 4,4% para EV. As médias geométricas de concentração desses indicadores foram 1,5x106 CG/L, 1,9x106 CG/L e 7,1x105 CG/L, respectivamente. RV foi o indicador viral de maior prevalência em fontes subterrâneas, sendo estatisticamente associado a poços tubulares rasos. Em amostras de nascente, destaca-se o HAdV com 11,8%. Nas amostras de cisterna, tanto HAdV quanto RV, foram encontrados na mesma prevalência. Esses resultados revelam que a população analisada está vulnerável a doenças de veiculação hídrica causadas por patógenos entéricos, servindo para orientar a futuras decisões e aprimorar as práticas cotidianas de tratamento de água nestas comunidades. Rural communities are located far from urban centers, where the adequate supply of potable water is hampered. In the lack of a public distribution network, water is obtained from surface and groundwater sources, where the microbial quality is often unknown. Goiás has 9.7% of the population in rural areas and previous studies carried out in some of these rural and traditional communities have already demonstrated the vulnerability of water for the consumption of these residents by waterborne pathogens, such as enteric viruses. Therefore, the aim of the work was to continue the evaluation of fecal contamination of water samples from individual and collective sources, from 24 communities in rural areas of the State of Goiás. 160 samples were collected, whose water sources were shallow tubular well, deep tubular well, dug well and spring, surface water, rainwater stored in cisterns and water truck. The enteric viruses Human Adenovirus (HAdV), Rotavirus (RV) and Enterovirus (EV) were used as indicators of fecal contamination, analyzed by qPCR. In all, 30% of the samples showed signs of fecal contamination. Detection rates were 20% for RV, 9.4% for HAdV and 4.4% for EV. The geometric means of concentration of these indicators were 1.5x106 GC/L, 1.9x106 GC/L and 7.1x105 GC/L, respectively. RV was the most prevalent viral indicator in underground sources, being statistically associated with shallow tubular wells. In spring samples, HAdV stands out with 11.8%. In the cistern samples, both HAdV and RV were found in the same prevalence. These results reveals that the analyzed population is vulnerable to waterborne diseases caused by enteric pathogens, serving to guide future decisions and improve daily water treatment practices in these communities. Outro
- Published
- 2022
5. Ocorrência de Escherichia coli em meias carcaças de bovinos abatidos em estabelecimento habilitado para exportação Occurrence of Escherichia coli on beef carcass at an exporter slaughterhouse
- Author
-
Leandro Casagrande, Camila Menegon Teixeira Detanico, and Robson Maia Franco
- Subjects
abate ,análise bacteriológica ,bovino ,contaminação fecal ,Escherichia coli ,slaughter ,bacteriological analysis ,bovine ,fecal contamination ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
A análise de Escherichia coli, considerada bactéria indicadora de contaminação fecal, é utilizada na verificação do controle de processos de abate. Porém, poucos trabalhos foram publicados acerca da ocorrência desse micro-organismo nas indústrias de abate brasileiras. Assim, o presente estudo determinou a ocorrência de E. coli genérica em carcaças bovinas em um estabelecimento sob inspeção federal, habilitado à exportação, identificando as possíveis variações no ano de 2010. Foram coletadas 1111 amostras de suabe de superfície de meias carcaças bovinas e analisadas pela metodologia Petrifilm™. A ocorrência encontrada foi de 4,4% (IC95%=3,3%; 5,7%), com uma média de contagem de 4,08UFC cm-2, não sendo significativamente afetada pelas estações de seca e chuva. As maiores ocorrências foram observadas nos meses de setembro (8,7%) e outubro (16,7%), no qual também foi detectada a maior média de contagem (14,06UFC cm-2). A diferença nos valores observada nesses períodos pode estar relacionada com o sistema de criação dos animais. A ocorrência foi significativamente maior no primeiro turno de abate (6,2%), em comparação com o segundo (1,6%), indicando uma possível relação entre a presença do micro-organismo e a realização de procedimentos operacionais. Interpretando-se os resultados encontrados, conclui-se que há necessidade da determinação de um perfil para a ocorrência de E. coli genérica em cada estabelecimento, considerando os fatores que a alteram, para orientar e tornar mais efetivas as medidas preventivas e corretivas de controle dos processos de abate e reduzir a contaminação microbiana das carcaças.Escherichia coli testing are used to verify slaughter process control and it is regarded as an indicator of fecal contamination. However, there are few reports about E. coli occurrence in Brazilian slaughter establishments. The present study evaluated the occurrence of generic E. coli in 1111 swab samples of beef carcasses collected at an exporter slaughterhouse, under federal inspection, in different periods of 2010 and analyzed by Petrifilm™ method. E. coli was detected on 4.4% of carcasses (95% CI, 3.3% to 5.7%) and its occurrence was not significantly affected by the dry or rainy season. The mean of generic E. coli recovered from sampled cattle carcasses was 4.08CFU cm-2. The higher incidence was observed in September (8.7%) and October (16.7%); in October the E. coli mean attained the highest value (14.06CFU cm-2). The observed increase may have been related to feedlot systems. The E. coli isolation occurred more frequently in the first shift (6.2%) than in the second shift (1.6%), indicating a possible relationship with the operating procedures. The results obtained in this study showed that an occurrence profile of generic E. coli should be determined in each establishment to guide and improve preventive measures and corrective actions of slaughter process control and reduce microbiological contamination on carcasses.
- Published
- 2013
6. Esterois como indicadores do acúmulo de esgotos domésticos em sedimentos de um sistema estuarino-lagunar tropical (Mundaú-Manguaba, AL)
- Author
-
Michelle Passos Araujo, Talitha Lopes Ferreira da Costa, and Renato da Silva Carreira
- Subjects
fecal contamination ,sediment core ,coprostanol ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The history of sewage contamination in the Mundaú-Manguaba estuarine lagoon system (NE Brazilian coastal zone) was evaluated through the concentration of sterols in sediment cores. The concentration of coprostanol increased towards the surface sediments, with the maximum of 5.65 µg g-1 at 0-2 cm sediment layer in Mundaú. Manguaba exhibited a lower level of contamination. The ratio cholestanol/cholesterol suggested degradation of coprostanol only before the burial of organic matter in the sediment. This feature, together with information of population growth in the watershed, allowed the estimation of a sedimentation rate of 0.90 cm year-1 to the Mundaú lagoon.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Evaluación microbiológica de alimentos listos para consumo procesados por pequeñas industrias costarricenses Microbiological evaluation of ready-to-eat foods manufactured by small Costa Rican industries
- Author
-
Evelyn Rodríguez-Cavallini, César Rodríguez, María del Mar Gamboa, and María Laura Arias
- Subjects
Alimentos listos para consumo ,calidad microbiológica ,contaminación fecal ,inocuidad alimentaria ,Ready to eat foods ,microbiological quality ,fecal contamination ,food safety ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Los alimentos listos para su consumo (ALC) son alimentos procesados que pueden consumirse sin ningún tratamiento térmico adicional, lo que ha incrementado su popularidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la inocuidad y calidad microbiológica de 90 ALC producidos por pequeñas industrias costarricenses, con el fin de evaluar el riesgo para la salud pública. Se analizaron 26 encurtidos, 18 aderezos, 18 ensaladas, 12 dulces en conserva y 16 antipastos. A cada muestra se le determinó el pH y la presencia por cultivo de indicadores de calidad microbiológica y de patógenos (Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, Clostridium perfringens, C. botulinum y Bacillus cereus); además, se investigó por PCR la presencia de genes que codifican por las toxinas de C. botulinum y C. perfringens. Un 37% de las muestras tuvo un nivel de acidez que podría permitir la proliferación de patógenos (pH >4.5). En general, los indicadores de vida útil fueron aceptables, siempre y cuando los ALC se mantengan en condiciones de temperatura y humedad adecuadas. Un 64% de las muestras presentó valores de coliformes totales que sugieren mala higiene en su elaboración (NMP/g >1000), que se confirma con el hallazgo de coliformes fecales en el 56% y que las hace inaceptables para el consumo humano. Todos los cultivos para patógenos fueron negativos, excepto cuatro para B. cereus. No se detectaron toxinas de C. botulinum y solo una muestra fue positiva para el PCR de C. perfringens. Este estudio evidencia una importante contaminación fecal en ALC, una situación indeseable y totalmente prevenible si se practican técnicas adecuadas de manejo de alimentos, de higiene y se presta mayor atención a los puntos críticos de control.Ready-to-eat (RTE) foods are processed foodstuffs which have gained popularity in recent times because they can be ingested without further thermic treatments. In this work, the microbiological quality and safety of 90 samples of RTE foods manufactured by small Costa Rican industries was determined to evaluate whether they represent a Public Health risk. Twenty-six samples of pickled vegetables, 18 dips, 18 salads, and 12 sweet treats were studied. Each sample was analyzed with regard to its pH, the presence of culturable microbiological quality indicators and recognized foodborne pathogens (Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, Clostridium perfringens, C. botulinum, and Bacillus cereus) Selected genes encoding toxins of C. botulinum and C. perfringens were screened by PCR. Thirty-seven percent of the samples had a level of acidity that could allow the growth and proliferation of bacterial pathogens (pH >4.5). The shelf-life indicators were acceptable but only if the RTE foods are kept at adequate conditions of temperature and humidity. Sixty-four percent of the RTE foods had total coliforms values that evidence inadequate hygiene practices during its elaboration (MPN/g >1000). This result was confirmed by the finding of fecal coliforms in 56 % of the samples, which, by the way, are inacceptable for human consumption. All cultures for pathogens were negative, except for 4 samples that contained B. cereus. Toxins of C. botulinum were not detected and one single sample was positive for the PCR for C. perfringens. The elevated degree of fecal contamination detected in the RTE could be prevented by means of good manufacturing practices, better hygiene measures and a deeper attention to critical control points.
- Published
- 2010
8. Água de drenagem ou esgoto sanitário? Uma análise do sistema de macrodrenagem em cidade de médio porte na Região Nordeste
- Author
-
Mônica de Amorim Coura, Juscelino Alves Henriques, Marcelo Libânio, Rui de Oliveira, and Márcio Benedito Baptista
- Subjects
urban drainage ,fecal contamination ,drenagem urbana ,Environmental engineering ,Rainwater macro-drainage system ,contaminação fecal ,TA170-171 ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ,TD1-1066 ,sistema de macrodrenagem pluvial - Abstract
RESUMO A concepção dos sistemas de drenagem de águas pluviais como separador absoluto é uma característica marcante na gestão das águas urbanas, no entanto não é o reflexo da realidade de tal sistema na maioria das cidades brasileiras, onde frequentemente esgotos e águas pluviais escoam pelos mesmos condutos. Diante disso, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi investigar as contribuições de contaminação fecal dos canais de drenagem afluentes ao Canal do Prado, pertencentes ao sistema de macrodrenagem de águas pluviais da cidade de Campina Grande, na Paraíba. Para a realização da pesquisa de campo, foram definidos sete pontos de monitoramento ao longo do canal e, como indicadores de contaminação fecal, coliformes termotolerantes, Escherichia coli e os ovos dos helmintos Ascaris lumbricoides, Taenia sp, Hymenolepis nana, Hymenolepis diminuta, Enterobius vermicularis, Ancilostomideo sp e Trichuris sp. Os resultados apontaram que ovos de Ascaris lumbricoides foram os que apresentaram maior frequência nos pontos de monitoramento, relacionados à maior descarga de esgotos sanitários. Tais descargas também foram verificadas por elevados valores médios de coliformes termotolerantes que atingiram até 1,6 x 107 UFC.100 mL-1, valor típico de esgoto sanitário. Escherichia coli ocorreu em mais de 90% das amostras coletadas em todos os pontos de monitoramento. ABSTRACT The design of rainwater drainage systems as an absolute separator is a significant feature in urban water management, however, this is not a reflection of the reality of such a system in most Brazilian cities, where sewage and rainwater often run along the same path. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate contributions of fecal contamination from tributary drainage channels to Canal do Prado, belonging to the urban macro-drainage system of rainwater in the city of Campina Grande, Paraíba State. For the fieldwork, seven monitoring points were set along the channel object of this study, determining thermotolerant coliforms, Escherichia coli, and helminth eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides, Taenia sp, Hymenolepis nana, Hymenolepis diminuta, Enterobius vermicularis, and Trichuris sp, as fecal contamination indicators. The results pointed out that eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides were those with the highest frequency in monitoring points, being this related to the increased discharge of sewage. Such discharges were also verified by high mean values of thermotolerant coliforms that reached up to 1.6 x 107 CFU.100 mL-1, typical value of domestic sewage. Escherichia coli was present in over 90% of all samples collected from monitoring points.
- Published
- 2021
9. Escherichia coli, adenovirus and enterovirus in samples of water consumed in rural areas of Goiás
- Author
-
Lima, Fernando Santos, Carneiro, Lilian Carla, Scalize, Paulo Sérgio, Santos, Mônica de Oliveira, Gabriel, Ellen Flávia Moreira, and Gama, Aline Rodrigues
- Subjects
Vírus entéricos ,Water quality ,Contaminação fecal ,Enteric viruses ,Qualidade da água ,Comunidades rurais ,Fecal contamination ,SAUDE COLETIVA [CIENCIAS DA SAUDE] ,Fontes de água ,Rural communities ,Water sources - Abstract
O meio rural carece de serviços de saneamento básico. Assim, frequentemente, as instalações de obtenção de água e de disposição de esgoto ficam sob iniciativa de cada morador, os quais podem não contar com o recurso financeiro e o conhecimento técnico para construí-las e mantê-las funcionando adequadamente. Dessa forma, a água para consumo humano fica sujeita à contaminação fecal e, consequentemente, à presença de patógenos de veiculação hídrica, como os vírus entéricos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a contaminação fecal de amostras de água proveniente de fontes individuais utilizadas para o abastecimento domiciliar em áreas rurais do Estado de Goiás. As amostras foram coletadas de 86 residências, distribuídas em 15 comunidades, cujas fontes de água eram poços tubulares, poços escavados, nascentes, mananciais superficiais e água da chuva. Utilizou-se como indicadores de contaminação fecal a bactéria Escherichia coli (EC), analisada pelo método do substrato cromogênico definido, e os vírus entéricos adenovírus humano (HAdV) e enterovírus (EV), analisados por qPCR. Observou-se que 90,7% das amostras apresentaram indicativo de contaminação fecal. As taxas de detecção foram 74,4% para EC, 57% para HAdV e 9,3% para EV. As médias de concentração desses indicadores foram, respectivamente, 8,34 x 101 NMP/100mL, 8,6 x 105 CG/L e 9,75 x 105 CG/L. O indicador EC foi o mais prevalente em amostras de água subterrânea e superficial. O indicador HAdV foi significativamente mais detectado em amostras de águas subterrâneas em relação as de águas superficiais e foi mais eficiente em indicar contaminação em poços tubulares. Em amostras de cisternas, os indicadores virais foram os mais prevalentes. Não foi observada associação de frequências nem correlação de concentrações entre EC e HAdV. HAdV indicou contaminação fecal humana e teve bom desempenho como indicador complementar. Esses resultados revelam que a população analisada está vulnerável a doenças de veiculação hídrica causadas por patógenos entéricos. The rural environment lacks basic sanitation services. Thus, the water supply and sewage disposal facilities are often under the initiative of each resident, who may not have the financial resources and technical knowledge to build and keep them functioning properly. Thus, water for human consumption is subject to fecal contamination and, consequently, to the presence of waterborne pathogens, such as enteric viruses. The objective of this work was to evaluate the fecal contamination of water samples from individual sources used for household supply in rural areas of the State of Goiás. The samples were collected from 86 homes, distributed in 15 communities, whose water sources were tubular wells, dug wells, springs, surface waters and rainwater. Escherichia coli (EC) bacteria, analyzed by the defined chromogenic substrate method, and the enteric virus human adenovirus (HAdV) and enterovirus (EV), analyzed by qPCR, were used as fecal contamination indicators. It was observed that 90.7% of the samples showed indications of fecal contamination. Detection rates were 74.4% for EC, 57% for HAdV and 9.3% for EV. The concentration averages of these indicators were, respectively, 8.34 x 101 NMP / 100mL, 8.6 x 105 CG / L and 9.75 x 105 CG / L. The EC indicator was the most prevalent in ground and surface water samples. The HAdV indicator was significantly more detected in groundwater samples than in surface water and was more efficient in indicating contamination in tubular wells. In cistern samples, viral indicators were the most prevalent. There was no association of frequencies or correlation of concentrations between EC and HAdV. HAdV indicated human fecal contamination and performed well as a complementary indicator. These results reveal that the analyzed population is vulnerable to waterborne diseases caused by enteric pathogens. Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
- Published
- 2020
10. Ocorrência de Escherichia coli em meias carcaças de bovinos abatidos em estabelecimento habilitado para exportação.
- Author
-
Casagrande, Leandro, Teixeira Detanico, Camila Menegon, and Franco, Robson Maia
- Subjects
- *
ESCHERICHIA coli , *BEEF carcasses , *SLAUGHTERING , *FECAL contamination , *FOODBORNE diseases , *CATTLE carcasses , *MICROBIAL contamination - Abstract
Escherichia coli testing are used to verify slaughter process control and it is regarded as an indicator of fecal contamination. However, there are few reports about E. coli occurrence in Brazilian slaughter establishments. The present study evaluated the occurrence of generic E. coli in 1111 swab samples of beef carcasses collected at an exporter slaughterhouse, under federal inspection, in different periods of 2010 and analyzed by Petrifilm™ method. E. coli was detected on 4.4% of carcasses (95% CI, 3.3% to 5.7%) and its occurrence was not significantly affected by the dry or rainy season. The mean of generic E. coli recovered from sampled cattle carcasses was 4.08CFU cm-2. The higher incidence was observed in September (8.7%) and October (16.7%); in October the E. coli mean attained the highest value (14.06CFU cm-2). The observed increase may have been related to feedlot systems. The E. coli isolation occurred more frequently in the first shift (6.2%) than in the second shift (1.6%), indicating a possible relationship with the operating procedures. The results obtained in this study showed that an occurrence profile of generic E. coli should be determined in each establishment to guide and improve preventive measures and corrective actions of slaughter process control and reduce microbiological contamination on carcasses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. ANÁLISE QUÍMICA DA ÁGUA DO RIO PIRAPÓ PARA DETECÇÃO DE COLIFORMES FECAIS E TOTAIS.
- Author
-
DE OLIVEIRA, ALEXSANDRA MARISLAINE, DE ARRUDA PIOVESANI, ANA FLÁVIA, STIVAL BITTENCOURT, PAULO RODRIGO, PEREIRA ARANTES, VINÍCIUS, and SANCHES TORQUATO, ALEX
- Subjects
- *
WATER quality monitoring , *COLIFORMS , *FECAL contamination , *WATER pollution , *BACTERIAL pollution of water , *CONTAMINATION of drinking water - Abstract
Objective work has realization collection and analysis laboratory of water samples Pirapó river, main source supply of cities Maringá and Apucarana, Paraná State, with direction the presence of coliforms. Established were five points collection samples of water river (cities Maringá, Apucarana, Atalaia, Jardim Olinda and Colorado), on july 25, 2012. Samples tested, all showed contamination by coliforms and totals, and in 80% samples was impossible attainment of high function number count of colonies plate. Results indicate value high of contamination by coliforms and totals the main source of potable water supply cities of Maringá and Apucarana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
12. Verificação de contaminantes de natureza fecal na superfície de torneiras de banheiros públicos.
- Author
-
MEDEIROS Jr., Márcio Cunha, SILVEIRA, Gisely Santos, PEREIRA, Joana Beatriz Barros, CHAVASCO, Juliana Moscardini, and CHAVASCO, Jorge Kleber
- Subjects
- *
FECAL contamination , *BATHROOMS , *COLIFORMS , *HAND washing , *ORGANIC compounds - Abstract
A study was carried out to evaluate the presence of thermotolerant coliforms in sinks of public restrooms. Eleven restrooms located in the city of Três Corações - MG were analyzed. These bacteria are indicators of contamination by organic matter of intestinal origin. The individuals transmit the contaminants that might be in their hands when touching the sink taps. Right after washing their hands, they recontaminate the hands by touching again the sink tap, establishing the infectious cycle. As for the results, 24% of the sink taps and 73% of the restrooms showed positive results concerning the presence of thermotolerant coliforms, indicating that the act of washing hands is not effective and that it might affect the health of individuals. A health program which makes the population aware of how important the hand washing process is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Enterovírus como indicadores de qualidade da água.
- Author
-
Comerlato, Juliana, de Oliveira, Lucas Kessler, and Spilki, Fernando Rosado
- Subjects
ENTEROVIRUSES ,WATER quality ,BIOINDICATORS ,FECAL contamination ,WATER consumption ,COLIFORMS - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Biociencias is the property of Revista Brasileira de Biociencias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2011
14. Study on the evolution of natural and anthropogenic inputs of organic matter for sediments of a tropical lagoon-estuarine system (Mundaú-Manguaba, Alagoas) using lipids as molecular markers
- Author
-
Araujo, Michelle Passos, Carreira, Renato da Silva, Knoppers, Bastiaan Adriaan, and Azevedo, Débora de Almeida
- Subjects
Contaminação fecal ,CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::OCEANOGRAFIA::OCEANOGRAFIA QUIMICA [CNPQ] ,Molecular markers ,Organic matter ,Fecal contamination ,Core ,Testemunhos ,Matéria orgânica ,Lipids ,Marcadores moleculares ,Lipídios - Abstract
Submitted by Boris Flegr (boris@uerj.br) on 2021-01-07T14:47:29Z No. of bitstreams: 3 Pre textuais Introducao Pt 1 e Pt 2 A.pdf: 3304615 bytes, checksum: 878371786751317cce097169dba444d3 (MD5) Pt 2 B e Pt 3.pdf: 2341953 bytes, checksum: bf1fd1aab580a32213b8372d9abe0f66 (MD5) Pt 4 e Pt final.pdf: 2024818 bytes, checksum: f7b1ee7b1573ee2ecf4314ada92be5f1 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-01-07T14:47:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 Pre textuais Introducao Pt 1 e Pt 2 A.pdf: 3304615 bytes, checksum: 878371786751317cce097169dba444d3 (MD5) Pt 2 B e Pt 3.pdf: 2341953 bytes, checksum: bf1fd1aab580a32213b8372d9abe0f66 (MD5) Pt 4 e Pt final.pdf: 2024818 bytes, checksum: f7b1ee7b1573ee2ecf4314ada92be5f1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-23 Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro This thesis presents a study on the accumulation of organic matter in the sediments of the complex estuarine lagoon Mundaú Manguaba (CELMM) using lipids (fatty acids, sterols and linear alcohols) as molecular markers to evaluate the sources (natural and anthropogenic) and spatial and temporal variation in the composition of sedimentary organic matter, as well as the influence of diagenetic processes on the quality and preservation of it. The CELMM is characterized by a high potential for recycling and storage of materials and is subject to various anthropogenic activities, including urbanization and practice of monoculture of cane sugar, in addition to suffering an accelerated process of environmental degradation. By multivariate analysis was possible to discern sources of lipids, and from this, identify the contributions of organic matter - plankton (phytoplankton and zooplankton), terrigenous and bacterial - for different sectors CELMM. It was possible to identify an increase in the accumulation of organic matter of autochthonous origin in the lagoons in recent years. This effect was more significant in Mundaú, reflecting the higher level of anthropogenic disturbance at the pool. The level of fecal contamination - assessed through fecal sterols - may be considered medium to low compared with other sites that also have significant human influence. The diagenetic transformation of organic matter as measured by the reasons stanol / sterol, showed that bacterial activity in CELMM is significant even in the water column or sediment-water interface, but that after the burial of organic matter is preserved. Essa dissertação apresenta um estudo sobre o acúmulo de matéria orgânica nos sedimentos do complexo estuarino lagunar Mundaú Manguaba (CELMM) utilizando lipídios (ácidos graxos, esteróis e alcoóis lineares) como marcadores moleculares , com o objetivo de avaliar as fontes (naturais e antrópicas) e a variação espacial e temporal na composição da matéria orgânica sedimentar, assim como a influência dos processos diagenéticos sobre a qualidade e a preservação da mesma. O CELMM é caracterizado por um alto potencial de reciclagem e retenção de materiais e está sujeito a diversas atividades antropogênicas, incluindo a urbanização e as práticas de monocultura de cana-de-açúcar, além de sofrer um processo acelerado de degradação ambiental. Através de análise estatística multivariada foi possível discenir as fontes dos lipídios e, a partir disto, identificar as contribuições de matéria orgânica planctônica (fitoplâncton e zooplâcton), terrígena e bacteriana para os diferentes compartimentos do CELMM. Foi possível identificar um incremento no acúmulo de matéria orgânica de origem autóctona nas lagoas nos últimos anos. Este efeito foi mais significativo em Mundaú, reflexo do maior nível de alteração antrópica nessa lagoa. O nível de contaminação fecal avaliado através de esteróis fecais pode ser considerado de médio a baixo, quando comparados com outros locais que também apresentam influência antrópica significativa. A transformação diagenética da matéria orgânica, avaliada através das razões estanol/esterol, mostrou que a atividade bacteriana no CELMM é significativa ainda na coluna d água ou na interface água-sedimento, mas que após o soterramento a matéria orgânica fica preservada.
- Published
- 2010
15. Dinâmica da contaminação fecal e uso do cloro na desinfecção da água oferecida a bezerras em propriedade leiteira
- Author
-
Pinto, Fernanda de Rezende [UNESP], Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), and Amaral, Luiz Augusto do [UNESP]
- Subjects
Água ,Parasitologia ,Bezerro ,Contaminação fecal ,Água de dessedentação ,Water ,Fecal contamination ,Calves ,Cloro ,Chlorine - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-02-26Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:35:34Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pinto_fr_me_jabo.pdf: 471521 bytes, checksum: 29f86a542fac384caf6026a29762bf8a (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Realizou-se o presente estudo objetivando-se conhecer a dinâmica da contaminação fecal e uso do cloro na desinfecção da água oferecida a bezerras em propriedade leiteira, pela determinação do número mais provável - NMP de enterococos e Escherichia coli, do número de microrganismos mesófilos, concentração de cloro, pH e temperatura. O manejo das bezerras era realizado em locais coberto e não coberto. Cada manejo utilizou dez bebedouros: cinco com água não clorada e cinco com clorada. No local não coberto a água sofria uma troca diária, estando 24 horas à disposição das bezerras, e era amostrada após sua colocação (T0), após 17 horas (T1) e 24 horas (T2). No local coberto ocorriam duas trocas diárias da água, estando 17 horas, na 1ª troca e 7 horas na 2ª troca à disposição das bezerras e as colheitas eram feitas após a colocação da água na 1ª troca (T0), após 17 horas (T1), após a colocação na 2ª troca (T0) e após 7 horas (T1). Na estação de chuva realizaram-se três amostragens com cinco repetições cada, na seca, três amostragens, as duas primeiras com cinco repetições e a última com três. A cloração reduziu significativamente os NMP de enterococos e E. coli e os números de microrganismos mesófilos em todas amostras de águas cloradas. O melhor manejo da água de consumo das bezerras foi em local coberto, com cloração (5,0 mg.L-1) e troca da água três vezes ao dia. The objective of the study was to evaluate fecal contamination dynamic and use of chlorine on the disinfection of the offered water for calves in a dairy farm, through the most probably number determination (MPN) of enterococcus, Escherichia coli and determination of the mesophilic microorganisms, chlorine demand, pH and temperature. The calves management was at no covered and covered place. Ten watering though, five with chlorinated water and five with no chlorinated water were used in each one of the managements. At the no covered place, water was changed once a day, staying for 24 hours for calves use. Water was assessment immediately after water place (T0), after 17 hours (T1) and after 24 hours (T2). At the covered place, water was changed twice a day, staying for 17 hours (first water change) and for 7 hours (second water change) for calves use. Water was assessment immediately after water place of first water change (T0), after 17 hours (T1), immediately after water place of second water change (T0) and after 7 hours (T1). In rain season were analyzed three water sample with five repetitions each one. In dry season were analyzed three water sample (first and second with five repetitions and third with three repetitions). Water chlorination decreases the MPN of the enterococcus and E. coli and number of mesophilic microorganisms in all chlorination water samples. The best management to calves drinking water in dairy farm to guarantee water s quality is the management at covered place, with chlorination (5,0 mg.L-1) and three time water change a day.
- Published
- 2007
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.