143 results on '"Economic Evaluation"'
Search Results
2. Custos, tempo e precisão: otimização do inventário florestal pré-corte em povoamento de eucalipto.
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Rodrigues Pinto, Luiz Otávio, Dantas, Daniel, Nunes Santos Terra, Marcela de Castro, Márcio de Mello, José, and Dias Cabacinha, Christian
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MONTE Carlo method , *SAMPLING (Process) , *FOREST surveys , *WOOD , *TIME measurements , *EUCALYPTUS - Abstract
Forest inventory is a key practice for quantifying and qualifying the productive potential of a forest. Sampling intensity, size and shape of the sample plots are crucial for this activity, as they affect directly the costs and time of data collection and the accuracy. This study aimed to evaluate, in terms of precision, costs and time, the use of different sizes, shapes and arrangements of sample plots in a Eucalyptus spp. pre-harvest forest inventory. The research was conducted on a farm, northern of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. A forest census and volume of wood with rigorous cubing data were performed. For the analysis we considered two sampling processes (systematic and simple casual sampling), four plot sizes (200, 300, 400 and 500 m²) and two shapes (circular and rectangular). The sample intensity was set in 5 plots for all scenarios. Simulations (10,000) were carried out by the Monte Carlo method, in order to verify the probability of the values to be close to the mean. The combined analysis of error, costs and measurement time showed that for a 8-year-old stand of Eucalyptus spp., casual sampling with circular sample plots of 300 m² represents the optimal sampling scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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3. Análise de impacto orçamentário de dispositivos contraceptivos na saúde suplementar brasileira.
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Fernando Mainka, Felipe, Pasquini Netto, Harli, Guimarães de Souza, Gislaine de Fatima, Böger, Beatriz, Bosetto Fiebrantz, Anne Karine, Lind, Jolline, Fontana Aguiar, Bianca, Pires Ramos, Moacir, and Lopes Rocha, Jaime Luis
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CONTRACEPTION ,COST effectiveness - Abstract
Copyright of JBES: Brazilian Journal of Health Economics / Jornal Brasileiro de Economia da Saúde is the property of JBES: Brazilian Journal of Health Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
4. Economia Circular e Métodos de Avaliação Econômica de Projetos: Proposta Metodológica para Cálculo dos Impactos Diretos e Indiretos.
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Silveira Fontenele, Raimundo Eduardo
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CIRCULAR economy , *NATIONAL account systems , *NATURAL resources , *ECONOMIC models , *INCOME distribution - Abstract
This article presents some methodological propositions aimed at integrating the direct and indirect impacts of the circular economy into traditional methods of economic evaluation of projects. After a brief historical analysis and classification of economic evaluation methods, a presentation is made of the steps required by the Method of Effects, which makes use of the concepts of national accounting systems and the input-output matrix to determine and evaluate the direct, indirect, and primary effects arising from its input and output flows concerning national economic objectives: economic growth, income distribution, fiscal balance and imbalance in external accounts. Then, the circular economy is discussed. It is a non-linear economic model that fits within the scope of sustainable development and objectives to produce goods and services, limiting the consumption and waste of raw materials, water, and natural resources. This article presents a concrete proposal for CE inclusion in economic evaluation methods based on the Method of Effects. After a presentation of the traditional linear model of the circular flow of income, the study proposes an expansion of the field of analysis of the Method of Effects, including the circular economy, to calculate the direct and indirect impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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5. Accuracy and reliability of two body weight estimators based on linear measurements in horses
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M. P. G. Rezende, N. M. Oliveira, and P. L. S. Carneiro
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economic evaluation ,zootechnical control ,management ,linear measures ,body weight ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
Estimation methods are routinely used to determine the body weight of a horse when a scale is not available. However, it is important to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of these predictions since nutritional management and drug dosage, among others, require knowledge of the animal’s weight. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of estimated weights of horses using two prediction models, and to discuss the effect of the predictions on animal management. Seventy-one adult male animals (40 mules and 31 horses) were weighed on a precision scale (control weight). Chest circumference and body length were measured and used to estimate body weight using the two models. Accuracy was evaluated by analysis of fit indices, comparison of squared prediction errors, delta Akaike’s information criterion, and decomposition of the mean squared error of prediction. For economic evaluation, three production scenarios were established: simple (worming + forage), traditional (worming + forage + concentrate mixture), and traditional with supplementation (worming + forage + concentrate mixture + supplementation). Economic values were collected through a pricing survey carried out in the Midwest region of Brazil and converted to US dollars. Percent differences in costs were evaluated using Fisher’s exact test. The most suitable model for the morphometric profile of the animals was that using a combination of chest circumference and body length. The differences in economic values between production scenarios were significant (P
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- 2021
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6. Tourism and air transport - an economic evaluation of the Oporto Airport expansion project
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Vânia Natércia Gonçalves Costa
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airport ,cost-benefit analysis ,economic evaluation ,infrastructures ,tourism ,Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services ,GV181.35-181.6 - Abstract
Over the past few years the rate of air transport use has increased, making it a crucial sector of activity in economic and tourism development. It has become essential to adapt airport infrastructures to the new requirements of demand. This study aims evaluate and quantify, in socio-economic terms, the impact of investment of an airport infrastructure expansion project. This research focused on a case study of the Oporto Airport, the investment in expanding the capacity of the entire airport infrastructure from three to 11 million passengers the expansion project of this airport, which ran from 2000 to 2007 and involved a total investment of €407 million. The methodology used is based on the economic evaluation, concretely applying the cost-benefit analysis method, which compares the social benefits and decision costs. According to the results obtained, the expansion project of Oporto Airport is expected to be a good investment from a socioeconomic viewpoint.
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- 2020
7. Conservation Agriculture in Trouble? Estimating the Economic Impact of an Eventual Glyphosate Prohibition in Spain
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G. PARDO and Y. MARTÍNEZ
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conservation systems ,conventional tillage ,economic evaluation ,weed control ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
ABSTRACT: Weed control is a crucial aspect in many conservation agriculture systems given that costs and time savings from avoiding tillage are closely linked to the use of effective and environmental friendly herbicides. This has led to the widespread use of glyphosate in farms, as it is a broad-spectrum, easily degradable, low- cost herbicide. The recent debate on the safety of glyphosate and on the excessive use of chemical herbicides in food production has caused concern on farmers about the possible economic effects of a virtual ban on glyphosate. The aim of this paper is to estimate the costs associated with an eventual prohibition of glyphosate in Spanish conservation agriculture areas. The costs of different alternative weed control strategies for herbaceous and tree crops were calculated: i) substitution of glyphosate in chemical control; ii) minimum tillage; iii) conventional tillage; and iv) natural or planted vegetal groundcovers. The results show that banning glyphosate would increase the costs of chemical control by 40% for herbaceous and by 57% for tree crops. However, conventional tillage would be a cheaper option for herbaceous because costs increase by 10% compared to current techniques. Our estimations suggest that the ban on glyphosate would have a negative impact on the economic profitability of farms and also on other non-economic advantages derived from conservation farming techniques.
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- 2019
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8. SIMULAÇÃO DE ANÁLISE DE INVESTIMENTO PARA INSTALAÇÃO DE UMA PEDREIRA NO MUNICÍPIO DE CATALÃO/GO.
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Mendes, Marcos Vinicius Agapito, Reis, Andressa Cristina Costa, Teodoro, Bruna de Oliveira, Rizzo, Eskarlet Amorim, and Santos e Sousa, Flávio Augusto
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INVESTMENT analysis , *FLOW charts , *URBAN growth , *PLANT selection , *PLANT size , *STRIP mining - Abstract
After turbulent periods in recent years, the mining and construction sectors showed a considerable recovery in 2017. As a result, the commercialization of construction aggregates reheats, especially in cities with high growth rates, especially in the city of Catalão in the interior of the state of Goiás. The municipality is among the largest PIBs in the state. Given this situation, this study aims to simulate an investment analysis for the installation of a quarry in the region of Catalão/GO. The first step was to determine the production required, as a function of aggregate consumption (gravel) in the region. After that, the equipment needed to surface mining was defined and dimensioned, the flow chart for the material processing was established and the mass balance was established as a function of the hourly production required, allowing the selection and sizing of the plant equipment. A quotation of the costs for equipment acquisition was made with the manufacturers. The next step was to define costs with inputs, labor, masonry and infrastructure needed. The data allowed the elaboration of graphs with different scenarios of return of the initial investment. The results presented by scenarios 2 and 6 were better than the others. However, each one has particular characteristics that must be taken into account, which depend on the desired investment profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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9. VISÃO CRÍTICA DOS ARTIGOS PUBLICADOS NO BRASIL SOBRE A NUTRIÇÃO DE BOVINOS E BUBALINOS TERMINADOS EM CONFINAMENTO OU A PASTO, RECEBENDO OU NÃO SUPLEMENTOS PROTEICO-ENERGÉTICOS.
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Malafaia, Pedro and Camillo F. C. Canella Filho
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- 2019
10. AVALIANDO O IMPACTO DAS POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS EM SOBRAL.
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HSU ROCHA, ROBERTO, MENEZES-FILHO, NAERCIO, and KAWAOKA KOMATSU, BRUNO
- Abstract
Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Applied Economics / Economía Aplicada is the property of FEA-RP, Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
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- View/download PDF
11. Substituição do iodo por fitoterápicos no tratamento do coto umbilical de cabritos.
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Silva, T. G. P., Silva, J. B. C., Guim, A., Silva, J. L., Maciel, M. V., and Ferreira, M. P. B.
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the healing time and downfall of umbilical stump of newborn goat kids, from the topical use of phytotherapics-based of aroeira (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) or babosa (Aloe barbadensis Miller) replacing the commercial iodine. Also it was evaluated the use of different methodologies of phytotherapics application and economic feasibility of using these products. In the experiment I were used 28 neonates Saanen goat kids, seven animals in each treatment, with an average birth weight of 2.69 kg. In the experiment II were used 15 neonates Saanen goat kids with an average birth weight of 2.66 kg. The animals were distributed in a completely randomized design with three treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of: a) control group - umbilical stump treatment with iodine solution 10%; b) group 1 - umbilical stump treatment with aroeira's tincture; and c) Group 2 - umbilical stump treatment with babosa's extract. It was found that the average healing time and downfall of umbilical stump did not differ between animals submitted to the aroeira and babosa treatments (20.8 and 18.6 days), with a daily application for three consecutive days, compared to the control group (20.4 days). The phytotherapics tinctures based on aroeira or babosa can replace the iodine tincture to 10%, demonstrating greater economic viability for using in the healing process and downfall of umbilical stump of goat kids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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12. Quinze Anos de Avaliação Económica de Medicamentos em Portugal: uma Revisão
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Mónica Inês, Miguel Gouveia, Céu Mateus, Luis Silva Miguel, António Pinto, and Carlos Gouveia Pinto
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Economic evaluation ,medicines ,cost-effectiveness ,cost-utility ,Portugal ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this review is to quantify and analyze, under Portuguese methodological guidelines, studies of economic evaluation of medicines presented and published in the last fifteen years. Additionally, based on empirical evidence from this revision and the experience of the authors, it is our purpose to launch the discussion for a future review of methodological guidelines. Methods: A comprehensive literature review identified the studies published between January 1999 and December 2013 was performed for Portugal. The literature search method is based on the iterative technique of growing pearl using capture-recapture methods. The search was supplemented with a request for studies through the list of associated APIFARMA and APES, which enabled the integration of grey literature. Results: This review identified and analyzed a total of 99 studies presented in the last fifteen years being the majority of studies presented as a poster/oral communication (64%) and 33 (33%) published as scientific articles. There was observed an increasing trend in the number of studies trough the years, reflecting the need and the importance of these studies to support decision-making on public funding of medicines in Portugal. Most studies have focused on cancer or biological medicines (32%). Most studies (36%) reported dominance conclusions and only 14% of studies reported cost effectiveness ratios over 30 000 €, which may indicate a selection presentation bias, towards studies with more positive results. Regarding Portuguese methodological guidelines, some aspects related to social perspective, indirect costs, discount rates, estimative of costs, health care resources consumption and estimates of treatment effect in the case of indirect comparisons would benefit from an extended discussion in Portuguese guidelines. Conclusions: There was an increasing trend in the number of publications trough the years, reflecting the need to execute studies of economic evaluation for submission of requests for reimbursement of medicines in Portugal. There seems to be some evidence of publication bias towards positive results. Despite the huge gains that methodological guidelines provided to the execution and standardization of economic evaluation studies, and therefore to the decision making policy in Portugal, the last fifteen years show that our guidelines did incorporated a set of principles whose validity remained steady over time but there are areas to improve and a thorough revision is necessary.
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- 2014
13. Avaliação econômica de produção de camarão no estado do Ceará.
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Holanda Chaves, Fellipy Augusto, Coelho Campos, Kilmer, and Telmo Campos, Robério
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista de Economia da UEG is the property of Universidade Estadual de Goias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
14. Viabilidade econômica do componente arbóreo de sistema agrossilvipastoril comparado ao de plantio florestal na pequena propriedade rural.
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Weimann, Caroline, Antonio de Farias, Jorge, and Deponti, Gilmar
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This study aimed to compare the economic viability of the forestry component from an agri-silvi-pastoral system to tree plantation in a small property in Esperança do Sul municipality, Rio Grande do Sul, State, Brazil. The agri-silvi-pastoral system used only eucalyptus, and the tree plantation was formed using eucalytpus and black wattle. The analysis was carried out using tree component and data were obtained by forest inventory. The indicators selected for economic and financial analysis were: net present value (NPV), equivalent annual value (EAV), internal return rate (IRR), benefit/cost reason (B/C) and average cost of production (ACP). The discount rate used was 7.5% year-1. Both systems were considered economically and financially viable, in 10 or 15 years rotation. However, 15 years rotation presented the biggest financial return. Agri-silvi-pastoral system was considered feasible, maintaining positive results even with higher interest rates. Even though the tree plantation presented greater economic returns, the agrisilvipastoral system showed more environmental benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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15. Novos Medicamentos Apenas Disponibilizados a Nível Hospitalar: O Processo de Compra pelos Hospitais do SNS e a Avaliação Económica
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Ana Teresa Paquete
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Hospital use drugs ,economic evaluation ,decision-making ,Drug and Therapeutic Committees ,resource allocation. ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Introduction: The access to hospital use drugs (HUD) in the Portuguese National Health Service (NHS) hospitals is a two-stage decision process. The first stage is the reimbursement approval at the national level and the second stage is the purchasing decision by Drug and Therapeutic Committees (DTCs) of each NHS hospital. Objectives: To identify the most important factors considered by DTCs when deciding to buy a new HUD and to understand the utility of economic evaluation studies (EES) in this context. Methods: A postal survey was developed and sent to hospital pharmacy directors and clinical directors of all Portuguese NHS hospitals. Results: A response rate of 25% was obtained. Evidence on cost-effectiveness, safety, effectiveness and the lack of therapeutic alternatives were considered, on average, as more important factors than budget impact analysis or acquisition costs to consider in this decision-making process. The Prior Assessment Reports were chosen as the most important source of information used, with EES publications in sixth place. Among barriers and factors that could simplify the use of EES are the distrust on EES financed by the pharmaceutical industry and local needs as to consider more therapeutic alternatives and a hospital perspective in EES. Ethical objections to applying economic criteria in the decision-making process do not seem a barrier to use EES. Conclusions: This analysis allowed a foremost analysis about the decision-making process of introducing new HUD in Portuguese NHS hospitals, notwithstanding its limitations as the low response rate. Cost-effectiveness analyses were considered of higher importance to the decision-making process, with special reference to Prior Assessment Reports. However, there is a high distrust level on EES financed by the pharmaceutical industry. Some needs of local decision-makers were also identified. Including more therapeutic alternatives and a hospital perspective were stressed as their main specific needs.
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- 2013
16. An economic evaluation of the Brazilian job training policy (PLANSEQ
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Francis Carlo Petterini
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PLANSEQ ,PLANFOR ,professional qualification ,economic evaluation ,Economic history and conditions ,HC10-1085 ,Economics as a science ,HB71-74 - Abstract
The PLANSEQ is an instrument of the public policy professional qualification in Brazil. With this instrument the business organizations can use public resources to offer courses to solve some labor supply problems. This article evaluate the impact of a project that happened in Fortaleza, in 2009, and that trained over 1500 unemployed workers. It estimated that this PLANSEQ may have increased by up to 20 percentage points the probability of a qualified individual to find an employment
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- 2016
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17. Economic aspects of control and eradication of bovine tuberculosis and the managerial costs associated: Review
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L. dos S. Medeiros, Renato Mesquita Peixoto, David A. Ashford, J. V. dos Santos, T. N. L. Damasceno, Rui Carlos Peruquetti, Walter Lilenbaum, and Susan Christina Braga Domingos
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Tuberculosis ,lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,Animal health ,business.industry ,Control (management) ,tuberculose ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Disease control ,diagnóstico ,Economic evaluation ,medicine ,Bovine tuberculosis ,programas ,lcsh:SF600-1100 ,Disease prevention ,Intensive care medicine ,business - Abstract
Given its importance in veterinary medicine and its impact on human health, bovine tuberculosis demands attention on animal health programs in several countries. New ante- and post-mortem diagnosis protocols are available and facilitate disease detection and control. However, besides the known advantages and disadvantages of each protocol, there is little mention of their costs. This study intends to provide an overview of the economic aspects of diagnostic tests for the control and eradication of bovine tuberculosis.
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- 2020
18. Agroindustrial byproducts in diets for Nile tilapia juveniles
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João Sérgio Oliveira Carvalho, Rafael Vieira de Azevedo, Ana Paula de Souza Ramos, and Luís Gustavo Tavares Braga
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economic evaluation ,feed alternative ,Oreochromis niloticus ,productive performance ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate performance and body composition of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed diets containing byproducts aerial parts of cassava meal (Manihot esculenta), mesquite pod meal (Prosopis juliflora), cocoa meal (Theobroma cacao) and palm kernel cake (Elaeis guineensis) and to analyze the economic viability of the feed. A total of 1,350 juvenile males (100 g) were distributed in 15 cages (1 m³) in completely randomized design with five treatments (basal diet and four test diets) and three replicates. The following aspects were evaluated: final weight, total feed intake, total weight gain, feed conversion, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio and survival rate, dry matter, crude protein, fat and ash body, the average cost of feed per kilogram of weight gain and economic efficiency rate. No differences were observed for total consumption of food or survival rate. For other variables, the inclusion of cocoa and cassava meal impaired fish performance. No differences were observed for dry matter, crude protein and body ash. The lower body fat accumulation was recorded for the tilapia fed palm kernel cake. The best economic indicators were found to diets containing palm kernel cake. The byproducts evaluated can be used up to 150 g/kg in feed formulation, providing good performance and economic rate for Nile tilapia.
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- 2012
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19. Valoración económica de la imagen de un destino
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Mª Magdalena Carballo, Jorge E. Araña, Carmelo León, Matías González, and Sergio Moreno
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Economic evaluation ,Image ,Destination ,Recreation. Leisure ,GV1-1860 - Abstract
This work develops a new methodology for economic evaluation of destination image, adding two main advantages over the traditional methods used before: (1) it allows to differentiate the geographical destination image from the subjective experience holydays of the tourist in thatdestination. Thus, it facilitates the differentiation between the destination perceived image measure, the experience perceived image and finally, the experience perceived image influenced by the destination perceived image; and (2) it allows the economic evaluation of the destination image and its attributes. The results show academic and practical implications for the economic evaluation of the destination investment to increase their competitiveness in the market, and facilitate to improve marketing planning to increase the destination image.
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- 2011
20. Simulação técnico-econômica da inclusão de ractopamina em dietas de suínos em terminação Technical-economic simulation of ractopamine inclusion in diets for finishing pigs
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R.C. Brumatti and C. Kiefer
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suíno ,aditivo ,avaliação econômica ,carcaça ,carne magra ,pig ,additive ,economic evaluation ,carcass ,lean meat ,nutrition ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
Foi realizada simulação técnico-econômica a partir de resultados de publicações para avaliar a inclusão de ractopamina em dietas de suínos em terminação. Foram utilizados 18 artigos, que avaliaram níveis de 0, 5, 10 e/ou 20ppm de ractopamina na dieta, totalizando 2.991 animais. A partir dos resultados técnicos das publicações avaliadas, foram geradas equações que foram utilizadas na simulação do desempenho técnico-econômico. Verificou-se que os custos independem do sistema de receitas do produtor e oscilam de 3 a 6ppm de ractopamina adicionada à dieta. O lucro máximo foi obtido com os níveis de 10 e 12ppm de ractopamina, respectivamente, para os sistemas de receita por peso vivo e por bonificação. Os resultados evidenciam melhor desempenho econômico da utilização de ractopamina, na dieta dos suínos em terminação, pelo sistema de receita por bonificação. As análises de sensibilidade para a variação na receita dos produtores apresentam valores ótimos de 9 a 12ppm de ractopamina, com oscilação de até R$ 49,00/cabeça entre os cenários testados.A technical-economic simulation was performed based on results from publications for assessing the inclusion of ractopamine in the diet of finishing pigs. Eighteen articles were used, which assessed levels of 0, 5, 10, and/or 20ppm of ractopamine in the diet, totalizing 2,991 animals. Based on the results obtained in these technical publications, equations were used for the simulation of the technical-economic performance. From this study, it was established that the costs are independent of the system of revenue of the producer and range from 3 to 6ppm of ractopamine added in the diet. The maximum profit was obtained with the levels of 10 and 12ppm of ractopamine, respectively, for the systems of revenue per body weight and per bonus. The results show a better economic performance with the use of ractopamine in the diet of finishing pigs, by the system of revenue per bonus. Analyses of sensitivity of changes in the revenue of producers presented optimal values of 9 to 12ppm of ractopamine, with a range of up to R$ 49.00 per capita between the tested scenarios.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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21. Avaliação dos custos em pomares de pessegueiro conduzidos nos sistemas integrado e convencional, nos municípios de Araucária e Lapa, Paraná Peaches orchard costs assessment produced in integrated and conventional systems in municipalities of Araucária and Lapa, Paraná
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Joel Ferreira Penteado Junior, Louise Larissa May De Mio, and Honorino Roque Rodigheri
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custos de produção ,avaliação econômica ,sistemas de produção ,production costs ,economic evaluation ,production systems ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Este trabalho teve como objetivo o cálculo e a análise de custos nos sistemas de produção integrada (PI) e convencional (PC) de pêssego, em dois estabelecimentos agrícolas localizados nos municípios de Araucária e Lapa, Paraná. Foram apropriados os custos de produção baseados nas atividades. Os coeficientes técnicos e os indicadores foram empregados por hectare e por ano, sendo relativos à utilização de insumos ao longo de três anos, contemplando: quantidade dos direcionadores de custo, custo unitário da atividade, percentual de participação dos coeficientes na atividade e os gastos de cada componente dos custos, divididos esses em grandes grupos como: serviços, insumos, outros insumos e administrativos. Os custos totais por hectare nos pomares da PI, nos três anos, foram 5,86 e 5,05% inferiores ao custo da PC, respectivamente para Araucária e Lapa, PR. Os itens mais representativos na composição dos custos foram os gastos com mão-de-obra e agrotóxicos.This research aimed to calculate and analysis the costs of integrated system (IP) and conventional (PC) peaches production in two agricultural establishments located in the Araucária and Lapa counties - Paraná. The cost production based activities were appropriate and technical coefficients and indicators were related to the use of inputs over three years, employed per hectare and by year Management cost parameters were included, such as: estimating target cost, activity unit cost, percentage of participation in the activity of the coefficients and expenses involved in each component of the cost structure. It was divided into large groups, such as services, supplies, administrative and other supplies. The total cost per hectare in the IP orchards of IP were 5.86% and 5.05% lower than the PC cost respectively for Araucária and Lapa, PR. The items most representative in the cost composition were spent with the workforce and pesticides.
- Published
- 2009
22. Desempenho de bezerros em pastagem de capim-marandu recebendo suplementação com concentrados balanceados para diferentes níveis de produção Performance of young bulls receiving supplementation with concentrate balanced for different levels of production on Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu pastures
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Rodolfo Marques de Brito, Alexandre Amstalden Moraes Sampaio, Alexandre Rodrigo Mendes Fernandes, Kleber Tomás de Resende, Wignez Henrique, and Rymer Ramiz Tullio
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avaliação econômica ,Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu ,Canchim ,ganho de peso ,potencial de fermentação micro ,body weight gain ,economic evaluation ,fermentation potential ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
Avaliou-se o fornecimento de concentrado para bezerros mantidos em pastagens de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu durante a época seca do ano. Utilizaram-se 16 machos não-castrados da raça Canchim, com 7 meses de idade e 250 kg, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso em esquema fatorial 2 × 2, no qual os fatores foram suplementos balanceados para dois potenciais de fermentação microbiana - 9,5 e 11,0 g de proteína bruta microbiana/MJ energia metabolizável fermentável e para ganhos de peso corporal (GPC) de 0,5 e 1,0 kg/dia. Os animais receberam suplementação individual diária por 168 dias, após 21 dias de adaptação. A ingestão diária de forragem foi estimada em 5,91 kg matéria seca/animal. A suplementação para ganho de peso corporal de 0,5 kg/dia proporcionou ganhos de peso e conversão alimentar de 0,94 kg/dia e 2,08 kg suplemento/kg ganho, respectivamente, resultados inferiores aos obtidos para ganho de peso corporal de 1 kg/dia (1,09 kg/dia e 3,18 kg suplemento/kg ganho, respectivamente). Não houve efeito do potencial de fermentação sobre o ganho de peso corporal, a conversão alimentar e a área de olho-de-lombo, no entanto, a espessura final de gordura de cobertura foi maior com o potencial de fermentação mais elevado. A suplementação para ganho de peso corporal de 0,5 kg/dia mostrou melhor resultado econômico, mas não permitiu obter peso apropriado para abate. A suplementação com concentrado formulado para aumentar a eficiência de síntese de proteína microbiana no rúmen, porém reduziu a rentabilidade do sistema.The supplementation of concentrate to young bulls kept in pastures of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu during the dry season of the year was evaluated. A total of 16 young bulls from Canchim breed, with 7 mo old and 250 kg, was allotted to a completely randomized design in 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. The factors consisted of balanced supplements for two potential of microbial fermentation - 9.5 and 11.0 g microbial crude protein/MJ fermentable metabolizable energy and for weight gain of 0.5 and 1.0 kg/day. The animals were daily individually supplemented by 168 days, after 21 days of adaptation. The daily intake of forage was estimated in 5.91 kg dry matter/animal. The supplementation for 0.5 kg/day of weight gain provided gains and feed conversion of 0.94 kg/day and 2.08 kg supplement/kg of gain, respectively, lower than the results obtained to weight gain of 1.0 kg/day (1.09 kg/day and 3.18 kg supplement/kg gain, respectively). There was no effect of the fermentation potential on weight gain, feed conversion and ribeye area, but the final backfat thickness increased with the higher potential fermentation. The supplementation for 0.5 kg/day weight gain showed better economic outcome, but did not allow to obtain appropriate slaughter weight. The supplementation with concentrate formulated to increase the efficiency of rumen microbial protein synthesis, however, reduced the profitability of the system.
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- 2008
- Full Text
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23. Generación de biogás electricidad: un estudio de viabilidad en una estación de tratamiento de aguas residuales de Paraná
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Moraes, Karl Haruo Kimura de and Souza, Samuel Nelson Melegari de
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Electricity generation ,Economic evaluation ,Planta de tratamiento de águas residuales ,Estação de tratamento de esgoto ,Biogas ,Biogás ,Geração de eletricidade ,Avaliação econômica ,Generación eléctrica ,Evaluación econômica ,Sewage treatment plant - Abstract
The distributed generation of electricity produced from organic waste is an alternative that requires careful analysis, due to the numerous economic and environmental factors associated with this production process. Considering every human activity consumes natural resources and in the end it results in tailings, urban sewage has aspects which classify it as a waste of high polluting power, and its treatment is necessary to maintain the sustainability of society and the environment, once it removes pollutants from previously used water, returning it to water bodies in good condition, as well as generating biogas if a controlled anaerobic process is used. Biogas offers a potential for electricity generation, thus requiring an assessment of the economic feasibility of using motor generators to take advantage of this natural resource in UASB reactors already installed in sewage treatment plants. The survey of the NPV and the LCOE emerge as appropriate tools. The study evaluated the volume of treated sewage in some cities in the State of Paraná, mainly the relationship between the amount of population served with sewage and its potential for biogas production, and consequently, it’s potential for generating electricity. The evaluation method identified biogas as an economically viable energy resource, according to the result of the city of Curitiba, which obtained a NPV of 87,834,069.69 reais, an IRR of 18.04% am with a 5-month payback, as well as its LCOE value of 34.53 R$/MWh. La generación distribuida de electricidad producida a partir de residuos orgánicos es una alternativa que requiere un análisis cuidadoso, debido a los numerosos factores económicos y ambientales asociados a este proceso de producción. Considerando que toda actividad humana consume recursos naturales y al final de ella resulta en relaves, el alcantarillado urbano presenta aspectos que lo catalogan como un residuo de alto poder contaminante, y su tratamiento es necesario para el mantenimiento de la sustentabilidad de la sociedad y el medio ambiente, ya que elimina los contaminantes del agua utilizada anteriormente, devolviéndola a los cuerpos de agua en buen estado, además de generar biogás si se utiliza un proceso anaeróbico controlado. El biogás ofrece un potencial para la generación de electricidad, por lo que requiere una evaluación de la viabilidad económica de utilizar motores generadores para aprovechar este recurso natural en los reactores UASB ya instalados en las estaciones de tratamiento de aguas residuales. La encuesta del VPN y el LCOE surgen como herramientas adecuadas. El estudio evaluó el volumen de aguas residuales tratadas en algunas ciudades del Estado de Paraná, principalmente la relación entre la cantidad de población servida con alcantarillado y su potencial para la producción de biogás, y en consecuencia, su potencial para generar electricidad. El método de evaluación identificó al biogás como un recurso energético económicamente viable, según el resultado de la ciudad de Curitiba, que obtuvo un VPN de 87.834.069,69 reales, una TIR de 18,04% am con una amortización de 5 meses, así como su valor LCOE de 34,53 R$ / MWh. A geração distribuída de energia elétrica produzida a partir de resíduos orgânicos trata-se de uma alternativa que demanda uma análise cuidadosa, devido aos inúmeros fatores econômicos e ambientais associados a esse processo de produção. Considerando que toda atividade humana consome recursos naturais e ao final dessa resultam rejeitos, o esgoto urbano apresenta aspectos que o classifica como resíduo de elevado poder poluidor, sendo o seu tratamento necessário para a manutenção da sustentabilidade da sociedade e do meio ambiente, uma vez que remove os poluentes da água anteriormente utilizada, devolvendo-a aos corpos hídricos em boas condições, bem como pode-se gera biogás se empregado um processo anaeróbico controlado. O biogás oferece um potencial para geração de energia elétrica, exigindo, assim, uma avaliação da viabilidade econômica da utilização de moto-gerador para o aproveitamento desse recurso natural nos reatores UASB já instalados nas estações de tratamento de esgoto. O levantamento do VPL e o LCOE surgem como ferramentas apropriadas. O estudo avaliou o volume de esgoto tratado de algumas cidades do Estado do Paraná, principalmente a relação entre a quantidade de população atendida com o esgotamento sanitário e o seu o potencial de produção de biogás, e conseqüentemente, o seu potencial de geração de energia elétrica. O método de avaliação apontou o biogás como recurso energético viável economicamente, conforme o resultado da cidade de Curitiba que obteve o VPL de 87.834.069,69 reais, uma TIR de 18,04% a.m. com payback de 5 meses, assim como o seu valor de LCOE de 34,53 R$/MWh.
- Published
- 2021
24. Economic Impact of Peripartum Depression
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Ribeiro, Inês Sofia Russo Correia and Ferreira, Pedro Augusto Melo Lopes
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Depressão periparto ,Peripartum depression ,Avaliação económica ,Economic burden ,Impacto económico ,Measurement instruments ,Economic evaluation ,Instrumentos de medição - Abstract
Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão e Economia da Saúde apresentada à Faculdade de Economia A depressão periparto (DPP) é um problema de saúde pública mundial, com consequências graves na mãe e na criança, tendo associados vários impactos económicos e sociais. Este tipo de depressão ocorre durante a gravidez e no período pós-parto, com uma prevalência global que ronda os 12%. De modo a prevenir ou reduzir as consequências e os impactos desta doença, é fundamental o seu rastreio. Para que tal seja possível, é necessária a existência de instrumentos de medição em saúde fiáveis e válidos para a identificação de mulheres com DPP ou de mulheres em risco de a desenvolver. O aumento no rastreio vai conduzir ao aumento do número de casos diagnosticados e, posteriormente, possibilita o tratamento precoce. Existem diversas intervenções, farmacológicas e não farmacológicas, que podem contribuir para prevenir e/ou tratar a DPP.Neste sentido, procedeu-se a uma revisão da literatura para perceber que instrumentos de medição são utilizados para identificar mulheres com DPP ou em risco de desenvolver esta doença, e quais as suas propriedades psicométricas. Também foram realizadas duas revisões sistemáticas, uma com a finalidade de analisar o impacto económico da DPP a nível do setor da saúde, público e social; e outra com o objetivo de perceber quais são as intervenções mais custo-efetivas na prevenção, rastreio e tratamento deste tipo de depressão.Segundo a pesquisa realizada, apenas dois instrumentos de medição específicos para a medição da depressão pós-parto se encontram validados em Portugal (Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale e Postpartum Depression Screening Scale), apresentando boa a excelente consistência interna e boa validade. A revisão sobre o impacto económico da DPP revelou que esta doença apresenta consequências para mãe, criança e agregado familiar e conduz a elevados encargos financeiros no setor da saúde, social e público. Relativamente à revisão destinada às avaliações económicas de intervenções para prevenção, rastreio e tratamento da DPP, foram encontrados quatro estudos com intervenções não farmacológicas para o tratamento da DPP, todas consideradas prováveis ou muito prováveis serem custo-efetivas: auxílio na resolução de problemas e na gestão de fatores de stress, intervenção baseada na terapia cognitivo-comportamental e sessões de terapia interpessoal.É evidente o forte impacto que a depressão durante a gravidez e no pós-parto apresenta em todos os setores de uma sociedade, sendo necessário aumentar o seu rastreio e adotar medidas preventivas. É essencial a existência de instrumentos de medição fiáveis e adequados à medição da depressão nesta população, assim como de intervenções custo-efetivas de serem utilizadas. Peripartum depression (PPD) is a worldwide public health problem that has serious consequences for mothers and children, with several economic and social impacts. This type of depression occurs during pregnancy and postpartum period, and it has a global prevalence of 12%. Screening is essential to prevent or reduce its consequences and its impact. To make these possible, reliable and valid health measurement instruments are needed to identify women with PPD or women at risk of developing this disease. Improved screening will increase the number of cases diagnosed with this type of depression and it will subsequently allow an earlier treatment. There are various interventions, pharmacological and non-pharmacological, that can contribute to prevent and/or treat PPD.Therefore, a literature review was conducted to understand which measurement instruments are used to identify women with PPD or at risk of developing this disease, and their psychometric properties. Two systematic reviews were also performed, one of them with the purpose of analyzing the economic burden of PPD in the health, public and social sectors; and the other one to find which are the most cost-effective interventions in the prevention, screening, and treatment of this type of depression.According to the research, only two specific measurement instruments for postpartum depression are validated in Portugal (Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale and Postpartum Depression Screening Scale), that showed good to excellent internal consistency and good validity. The review about the economic burden of PPD revealed that this disease has consequences for mothers, children, and household, leading to a high financial burden in the health, social and public sectors. Regarding the review about economic evaluations of interventions for the prevention, screening, and treatment of PPD, four studies were found with non-pharmacological interventions for the treatment of PPD, all considered likely or very likely to be cost-effective: problem-solving and stress management support, interventions based on cognitive-behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy sessions.The high impact that depression during pregnancy, and in the postpartum period, has on all sectors of a society is evident. It is necessary to increase its screening and adopt preventive actions. It is essential to have reliable and valid measurement instruments that are suitable to measure depression in this population, as well as cost-effective interventions that can be used in clinical practice.
- Published
- 2021
25. Avaliação benefício-custo de sistemas de dessalinização de água em comunidades rurais cearenses
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Robério Telmo Campos
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Avaliação Econômica ,Sistema de Dessalinização ,Água Potável ,Economic Evaluation ,Desalination ,Potable Water ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Procura-se identificar a viabilidade econômica de cinco sistemas de dessalinização por osmose reversa para o suprimento de água dessalinizada, para consumo humano, em comunidades rurais cearenses. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Estado do Ceará. Os dados primários foram coletados por meio de questionários e os secundários obtidos junto aos órgãos municipais e do estado. Usa-se a metodologia de análise de investimento, considerando-se o enfoque econômico. Conclui-se que a inexistência da boa prática de gestão dos sistemas resulta em inviabilidade econômica de alguns dessalinizadores, quando avaliados pelo consumo efetivo, principalmente daqueles de 400 e 600 litros/hora, gera ineficiências no acompanhamento técnico, impossibilita melhor análise da performance dos sistemas, acarreta oferta descontínua de água e desconforto das famílias beneficiárias. Em razão das limitações impostas pelos gestores, da baixa produção e dos defeitos que trazem paralisações constantes dos aparelhos, a demanda efetiva de água restringe-se à metade do que os sistemas são capazes de produzir.This study aims to make the economic assessment of five Desalination Systems by Reverse Osmosis (RO) that are used to generate fresh water for human consumption in rural communities in the Ceará State. The data was gathered from primary source by questionnaire applied to governmental organizations. The method used was the analysis of investment taking into account shadow prices. We concluded that due to the inexistence of any good practices for the desalination management some equipment resulted in negative financing return when considering the effective consumption, particularly those of 400 and 600 liter/hour. In addition, they generated inefficiency regarding to technical support, turning impossible better improvement of the system performance, thus leading to insecure water supplies and unsatisfied demand. Given the limitations imposed by the managers, low production and system failures, which resulted in constant systems’ interruption, the effective demand of fresh water was restricted to the half of the working capacity of the system.
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- 2007
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26. Avaliação econômica de sistemas agroflorestais implantados para recuperação de reserva legal no Pontal do Paranapanema, São Paulo Economic evaluation of agroforestry systems for recovering forest reserves in Pontal of the Paranapanema, São Paulo state
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Elisangela Ronconi Rodrigues, Laury Cullen Jr., Tiago Pavan Beltrame, Antonio Vicente Moscogliato, and Ivan Crespo da Silva
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Sistemas agroflorestais ,reserva legal ,Avaliação econômica ,Agroforestry system ,legal reserve ,economic evaluation ,Forestry ,SD1-669.5 - Abstract
O Pontal do Paranapanema, extremo oeste do Estado de São Paulo, é conhecido em todo o Brasil devido aos conflitos pela posse da terra, protagonizados pelo Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST), que transformou significativamente a paisagem da região, onde atualmente se observam pequenas ilhas de assentamentos rurais imersos numa matriz de grandes pastagens. O Código Florestal prevê que esses assentamentos, assim como qualquer propriedade rural, deve manter 20% de sua área com cobertura vegetal arbórea. Essa área, conhecida como Reserva Florestal Legal, deve ser restaurada, caso não exista. Assim, esta pesquisa se desenvolveu no assentamento Santa Zélia, Município de Teodoro Sampaio, São Paulo, numa área de 15 ha de Reserva Legal. Seis famílias desse assentamento foram responsáveis pela restauração da área, através de módulos agroflorestais (Taungya) temporários. Dois indicadores foram utilizados para avaliação econômica da produção agrícola na área: Valor Presente Líquido (VLP) e Relação Benefício-Custo (RB/C). Os resultados indicaram valores positivos em todas as famílias analisadas, levando à conclusão de que sistemas agroflorestais podem ser adotados na recuperação de áreas de reserva legal em propriedades rurais. Sua maior ou menor viabilidade econômica irá depender de um manejo mais intenso na área para produção agrícola e de preços satisfatórios para venda no mercado.Pontal do Paranapanema, in Western São Paulo State, is a well-known region in Brazil mainly due to the land conflicts mobilized by the MST (Movement of Landless Rural Workers). This land reform movement has changed the rural landscape, where small forest fragments are today surrounded by human settlements. The São Paulo State Forest Code foresees that these settlements, as well as any rural property, must keep 20% of its area covered by natural vegetation. This area, so-called Legal Reserve, must be restored if their original vegetation had been removed or impacted. Thus, this research was carried out in Santa Zelia settlement, in Pontal do Paranapanema, located within 15 hectares of Legal Reserve. Six families of this settlement were involved in an agroforestry project, using temporary Taungya agroforestry modules, where native trees were intercropped with annual crops. Two variables had been used for the economic evaluation of the agricultural production in the area: Liquid Present Value (VPL) and Benefit-Cost Ratio (RB/C). The results show positives values for all the analyzed families, leading to the conclusion that Agroforestry Systems can be adopted in the recovery of areas of Legal Reserve in rural properties. Its economic viability will mainly depend on intensifying the intercropping and satisfactory market prices for the annual crops.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
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27. Influência do cálculo de depreciação no imposto de renda e no fluxo de caixa de uma atividade de transporte florestal Influence of methods for calculating depreciation on the income tax and cash flow of a forest transportion activity
- Author
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Luis Carlos de Freitas, Márcio Lopes da Silva, and Carlos Cardoso Machado
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Impostos ,métodos de depreciação ,avaliação econômica ,Taxes ,depreciation methods ,economic evaluation ,Forestry ,SD1-669.5 - Abstract
Este trabalho buscou ilustrar um cenário de alternativas na cobrança de impostos, baseado em diferentes métodos de depreciação. A referência foi a atividade de transporte florestal, sendo o estudo desenvolvido para o caminhão bitrem. O fluxo de caixa foi calculado antes e depois dos impostos, sendo estes determinados com base num porcentual incidido sobre a renda tributável, que variou em função das metodologias utilizadas no cálculo da depreciação. Após a elaboração do fluxo de caixa pós-impostos, realizou-se um estudo econômico utilizando o Valor Presente Líquido (VPL). O impacto do imposto de renda ocasionou retrações na VPL de 53,36%, 52,22%, 50,54%, 48,07% e 47,72% quando se consideraram, respectivamente, os seguintes métodos de depreciação: soma inversa dos dígitos, fundo de renovação, linear, exponencial e soma dos dígitos. A metodologia mais compatível para o bitrem foi a mesma que apresentou maior VPL (soma dos dígitos), indicando que o método adotado pelo governo pode acarretar sobrecarga tributária. Isso reflete a necessidade de se estabelecerem critérios mais justos na cobrança de impostos, através da adoção de metodologias mais adequadas às realidades dos equipamentos.This work sought to illustrate a scenario of alternatives to taxation, based on different methods of depreciation. The parameter was the forest transportation activity, being the study developed for the Bitrem truck. Cash flow was calculated before and after taxation, which values were determined on the basis of a percentage on the taxable income, varying according to the methodologies used for calculating depreciation. After drawing up the post-taxation cash flow, an economic study was carried out using Net Present Value (NPV). The impact of the income tax caused a reduction in NPV of 53.36%, 52.22%, 50.54%, 48.07% and 47.72% respectively when considering the following methods of depreciation: inverse sum of the digits ; sinking fund; linear; exponential and sum of the digits. The most suitable methodology for the forest truck was the same that gave the largest NPV (sum of the digits), indicating that the method adopted by the government can result in tax overload. This shows the need for establishing better taxation rules, using more suitable methods for these types of machines.
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- 2007
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28. Avaliação agronômica e econômica da aplicação de biossólido na produção de soja Agronomic and economic evaluation of biosolid application on soybean production
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Jorge Lemainski and José Eurípedes da Silva
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Glycine max ,lodo de esgoto ,nutrientes ,fertilizante ,análise econômica ,sewage sludge ,nutrients ,fertilizer ,economic evaluation ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
O objetivo deste trabalho foi definir parâmetros técnicos e econômicos do uso de biossólido como fertilizante para a soja. A resposta da soja à aplicação de biossólido úmido, nas doses 0, 7,5, 15, 30 e 45 Mg ha-1 foi comparada à resposta ao fertilizante mineral, aplicado em quantidades equivalentes de NPK, por dois anos de cultivo, em um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico argiloso. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com nove tratamentos e três repetições. Biossólido e fertilizante mineral foram aplicados somente antes do primeiro cultivo. Na dose de 30 Mg ha-1 de biossólido úmido, as produções de 3.602 e 3.183 kg ha-1 de grãos, no primeiro e segundo cultivo, respectivamente, evidenciaram o efeito imediato e residual do material, o que também foi observado na dose de 45 Mg ha-1. Em termos econômicos, a melhor relação benefício-custo (1,15) foi obtida na dose de 30 Mg ha-1. A eficiência agronômica dos tratamentos com biossólido, em média, foi 18% superior aos tratamentos com fertilizante mineral. Os resultados mostram a viabilidade agronômica e econômica do uso do biossólido em substituição ao fertilizante mineral, na produção de soja.The objective of this work was to define technical and economic parameters for biosolid use as fertilizer for soybean production. The soybean response to humid biosolid at rates 7.5, 15, 30 and 45 Mg ha-1 was compared to equivalent NPK applied as mineral fertilizer, in two crop seasons in a Rhodic Haplustox. Nine treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with three repetitions. Biosolid and mineral fertilizer were incorporated at once before the first crop. At the rate of 30 Mg ha-1 of humid biosolid, grain yields of 3,602 and 3,183 kg ha-1, in the first and second crops, respectively, showed the immediate and residual effects of biosolid application. The same trend was observed at 45 Mg ha-1 of biosolid. In economic terms, the best benefit-cost ratio (1.15) was obtained at 30 Mg ha-1. As for its agronomic fertilizer effect, biosolid was, in average, 18% more efficient than the mineral fertilizer. These results show the agronomic and economic viability of biosolid as a substitute of mineral fertilizer for soybean production.
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- 2006
- Full Text
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29. UMA AVALIAÇÃO ECONÔMICA DO PLANO SETORIAL DE QUALIFICAÇÃO (PLANSEQ).
- Author
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CARLO PETTERINI, FRANCIS
- Abstract
Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Applied Economics / Economía Aplicada is the property of FEA-RP, Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Emprego de um modelo de crescimento e produção para determinação da rotação em povoamentos de eucalipto Use of growth and yield model for determination of rotation in eucalyptus stands
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Robson Rodrigues Resende, Antonio Bartolomeu do Vale, Thelma Shirlen Soares, Márcio Lopes da Silva, Laércio Couto, and Rodrigo Silva do Vale
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Prognose da produção ,idade de corte ,avaliação econômica ,Yield projection ,cutting age ,economic evaluation ,Forestry ,SD1-669.5 - Abstract
O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar a prognose do crescimento e da produção a qualquer idade, associadas às informações de custo e receita, contemplando-se ciclos de um, dois e três cortes, bem como a determinação da idade técnica e econômica de corte. O critério para determinação da idade técnica de corte foi a maximização do incremento médio anual, enquanto a idade econômica de corte foi obtida com base no valor presente líquido, equiparando-se os horizontes no infinito para comparação das diferentes idades. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que as rotações técnica e econômica diferiram entre si e que ambas variaram em função do índice de local, portanto ao adotar uma rotação média por projeto pode haver perdas significativas de receita.The objective of this study was to conduct a growth and yield projection of an eucalyptus stand at any age, associated to cost and revenue information, with cycles of one, two and three cuts, as well as to determine the technical and economic rotations. The criterion for determination of the technical age of cut was the maximization of the mean annual increment, while the economic age of cut was obtained based on the net present value, with the horizons being compared to the infinite for comparison of the different ages. The results indicated that the technical and economic rotations differed from each other with both varying in function of the site index; thus, adopting a medium rotation per project may cause significant revenue losses.
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- 2004
- Full Text
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31. Reuse of Treated Wastewater in Metal-Mechanics Industry: A Technical-Economic Evaluation
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Osvaldo Luiz Gonçalves da Cunha, Beatriz Antoniassi, Marcelo Telascrea, Márcia Rodrigues de Morais Chaves, and Marcela Grandinetti Marques
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lcsh:GE1-350 ,Engineering ,Waste management ,business.industry ,General Social Sciences ,Reuse ,Industrial Effluents ,Wastewater ,Economic evaluation ,Pollution Control ,Wastewater Treatment ,Sewage treatment ,lcsh:Q ,Environmental Economics ,business ,lcsh:Science ,lcsh:Environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Metal-mechanical industries are intensive in the consumption of water and, consequently, in the wastewaters production. Thus, reuse is essential because it preserves the environmental resources, diminishing the water footprint of the obtained products. Despite the advanced techniques, the economic cost limits the wastewater treatment to the most common techniques. This study evaluated the technical potential and costs involved in the reuse of wastewater in a metal-mechanical industry. Mistakes were found in the reagents dosage, what precluded reuse of the treated wastewater. The optimum condition for coagulation/flocculation was evaluated using the bench scale jar test. The parameters of wastewater, such as turbidity, pH, alkalinity, hardness, electrical conductivity, chloride and total solids were evaluated. The ideal condition was tested at the plant and some adjustments were made. The improvements resulted in 50.96% cost reduction of wastewater treatment without new investments. Also, the treatment became faster and more efficient. The wastewater achieved the standards for reuse in toilet flushing and floor washing.
- Published
- 2019
32. Estudos de custo-efetividade em saúde no Brasil: uma revisão sistemática.
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Moraz, Gabriele, da Silva Garcez, Anderson, de Assis, Eliseu Miranda, dos Santos, Jandira Pereira, Barcellos, Nêmora Tregnago, and Kroeff, Locimara Ramos
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Indicadores para avaliação sistêmica de programas sociais: o caso Pronatec
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Paulo de Martino Jannuzzi
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LC8-6691 ,business.industry ,Indicadores Educacionais ,Public relations ,Social engagement ,Special aspects of education ,Operational auditing ,Políticas Sociais ,Avaliação do Programa ,Economic evaluation ,Portfolio ,Avaliação Sistêmica ,Systemic approach ,Public action ,Sociology ,Social science ,Human resources ,business - Abstract
O artigo apresenta a abordagem sistêmica de avaliação de políticas e programas sociais e a natureza diversa de indicadores necessários para responder às diferentes demandas de informação para aperfeiçoamento e julgamento de mérito da ação pública. Introduzem--se três perspectivas epistêmicas de avaliação – o normativismo--burocrático da auditoria operacional, o positivismo-tecnocrático da avaliação econômica de projetos sociais e o pluralismo-metodológico da avaliação sistêmica de programas –, associando-as a diferentes concepções acerca da natureza, complexidade e valores da política social. Em seguida, discute-se a necessidade de produção de indicadores específicos para as diversas etapas de implementação de programas e para avaliação de seus componentes sistêmicos – recursos orçamentários, recursos institucionais, recursos humanos, portfólio de serviços, equipamentos e participação social. Ilustra-se como caso de avaliação sistêmica o conjunto de pesquisas e indicadores do Pronatec Brasil Sem Miséria, produzidos entre 2011 e 2016.Palavras-chave: Indicadores Educacionais; Avaliação do Programa; Avaliação Sistêmica; Políticas Sociais. Indicadores para la evaluación sistémica de programas sociales: el caso PronatecEl artículo presenta el abordaje sistémico de evaluación de políticas y programas sociales y la distinta naturaleza de indicadores necesarios para responder a las diversas demandas de información para el perfeccionamiento y juicio de mérito de la acción pública. Se introducen tres perspectivas epistémicas de evaluación – el normativismo-burocrático de la auditoría operativa, el positivismo-tecnocrático de la evaluación económica de proyectos sociales y el pluralismo-metodológico de la evaluación sistémica de programas –, asociándolas a diferentes concepciones acerca de la naturaleza, complejidad e valores de la política social. Luego se discute la necesidad de producir indicadores específicos para las diversas etapas de implementación de programas y para la evaluación de sus componentes sistémicos – recursos presupuestarios, recursos institucionales, recursos humanos, portafolio de servicios, equipos y participación social. Como ejemplo de evaluación sistémica, se presenta las investigaciones e indicadores de evaluación del programa Pronatec Brasil Sem Miséria, producidos entre el 2011 y el 2016.Palabras clave: Indicadores Educacionales; Evaluación del Programa; Evaluación Sistémica; Políticas Sociales. Indicators for the systemic evaluation of social programs: the Pronatec caseAbstract:The article presents a systemic approach of evaluation of social policies and programs and the diverse nature of indicators necessary to respond to different demands for information for the improvement and assessment of public action. It introduces three epistemic perspectives of evaluation; i.e. the bureaucratic-normativism of operational auditing, the technocratic-positivism of economic evaluation of social projects and methodological-pluralism of systemic evaluation of programs which are associated with different conceptions of the nature, complexity and values of social policies. Following this, the article discusses the need to develop specific indicators for the various stages of implantation of the programs and for the evaluation of their systemic components – budgetary resources, institutional resources, human resources, portfolio of services, equipment and social participation. The studies and indicators of Pronatec program, Brasil Sem Miséria [Brazil without Misery], conducted from 2011 thought 2016, are used as an example of the systemic evaluation.Keywords: Educational Indicators; Program Evaluation; Systemic Evaluation; Social Policies.
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- 2021
34. Introdução de um sistema de autoconsumo fotovoltaico num equipamento coletivo
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Barros, Mafalda de Almeida de Castro Guimarães and Camus, Cristina Inês
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Baterias ,Self-consumption ,Batteries ,Painéis fotovoltaicos ,Photovoltaic panels ,Renewable energies ,Energias renováveis ,Autoconsumo ,Avaliação económica ,Economic evaluation - Abstract
Trabalho final de mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Eletrotécnica – Ramo de Energia Submitted by Sónia Mestre (sonia.mestre@isel.pt) on 2021-03-25T23:21:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_2179.pdf: 9784040 bytes, checksum: db7b18e594594e7ec9605a8b7f15eea5 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-03-25T23:21:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_2179.pdf: 9784040 bytes, checksum: db7b18e594594e7ec9605a8b7f15eea5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-12-03 N/A
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- 2020
35. A disponibilidade de informação para a realização de estudos de impacto orçamental das tecnologias de saúde em Portugal : o caso do controlo de glicemia na diabetes
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Gomez, Ana Cláudia Dias and Pinto, Carlos Gouveia
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economic evaluation ,diabetes ,tecnologias de saúde ,prevention ,avaliação económica ,budget impact analysis ,análise de impacto orçamental ,health tecnologies ,prevenção - Abstract
Mestrado em Economia e Políticas Públicas A presente dissertação estuda a disponibilidade de dados em Portugal acerca do controlo de glicemia na Diabetes para elaboração de uma análise de impacto orçamental, tendo como base um estudo similar realizado no Reino Unido. A revisão de literatura abrange os principais conceitos da avaliação económica em saúde, assim como uma análise às orientações metodológicas para elaboração de estudos de impacto orçamental em Portugal e no Reino Unido e uma apresentação da patologia e principais complicações~associadas. A análise empírica teve como base os documentos disponibilizados pelas entidades de saúde portuguesas e outros estudos realizados acerca do tema. Os resultados permitem aferir o impacto da prevenção na patologia em questão, representando poupanças futuras ao SNS. Contudo, as lacunas nos dados existentes que inviabilizam a realização de uma análise de impacto orçamental rigorosa. This dissertation studies the availability of data in Portugal on the control of glycaemia in Diabetes for the preparation of an analysis of budgetary impact, based on a similar study carried out in the United Kingdom. The literature review covers the main concepts of health economic assessment as well as an analysis of the methodological guidelines for budget impact studies in Portugal and in the United Kingdom and a description of the pathology and main associated complications. The empirical analysis was based on documents available from the Portuguese health authorities and other studies conducted on the subject. The results allow measuring the impact of prevention on this disease, representing future savings for the SNS. However, the gaps in existing data make it impossible to conduct a rigorous budget impact analysis. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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- 2020
36. Avaliação econômica do pegvisomanto no tratamento de pacientes com acromegalia com resposta inadequada à máxima dose de octreotida (monoterapia ou combinado) no contexto do Sistema Único de Saúde.
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Rufino Souza, Camila, Nunes Ferreira, Cristina, Polycarpo Ribeiro, Adriana, and de Castro Musolino, Nina Rosa
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ACROMEGALY treatment ,ACROMEGALY ,OCTREOTIDE acetate ,ANTINEOPLASTIC agents ,MARKOV processes - Abstract
Copyright of JBES: Brazilian Journal of Health Economics / Jornal Brasileiro de Economia da Saúde is the property of JBES: Brazilian Journal of Health Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
37. From production to agro-food markets: dynamic of farmers inserted in short supply chains
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Camara, Simone Bueno, Andreatta, Tanice, Zucatto, Luís Carlos, and Fornazier, Armando
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Production systems ,Indicadores de eficiência ,Cadeias curtas de comercialização ,Avaliação econômica ,Efficiency indicators ,Farmers’ markets ,CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA [CNPQ] ,Sistemas de produção ,Mercados de agricultores ,Economic evaluation ,Short food supply channel - Abstract
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES Agricultural markets have been participating in the development of economies since the dawn of civilizations, ranging from simple exchanges to more complex negotiations. Among these short supply channel that seek to shorten the distances between farmer and consumer seeking to shorten the distance between the farmer and the consumer causing an approximation between the place where it is producing and consuming making a “fairer” relationship for farmers and consumers. Thus, this study aims to analyze the dynamics of production and marketing used by farmers who access markets through short agrifood chains in the extreme region north Rio Grande do Sul. Also, were interviewed the total of 31 farmers of the municipalities of Alpestre, Ametista do Sul, Iraí and Planalto, between the months of October and November 2019. The means to operationalize the research consists of three stages of analysis. The first is to measure the participation of marketing channels in the composition of farmers’ incomes farmers inserted in short supply channel, using as method of analysis the methodological framework of production systems. The first finding is the existence of three productive systems. In this case: vegetable and systems the combination of local and global markets occur. the largest income chains short are found in agro-industrial systems and alternative systems. The next question is to understand the capacity of socioeconomic reproduction in the productive units based on short chain income. In this stage of analysis income from short chains is stratified and grouping by salary class. Income from short chains allows socioeconomic reproduction only when earning more than four minimum wages. In other salary strata, only with the complementation of rents from global and alternative markets, as well as other income, it is possible to obtain the capacity for socioeconomic reproduction. The third step is to analyze the efficiency of short food supply channel in the different production systems found. For data collection and analysis, a structured script was developed based on Belletti e Marescotti “L’innovazione economica della filiera corta”. The system that presented the highest efficiency rates in five of the six variables analyzed was the vegetable agroindustrial, that has completion of production. The conventional systems, be mixed like vegetable, are those with the lowest efficiency rates, due to the fact that productions destined for short chains are complementary to income and most of them, products with low added value. In general, it is observed that short chains are an alternative market for families that seek productive autonomy, diversify income or dispose of surplus production. Although, this channel also needs specialization when used as themain source of income, likewise only the commercialization of fresh production does not make it efficient in different aspects. However, these results should not be generalized, given the specificity of the region under analysis and the complexity of the theme, therefore, new analyzes in other regions / farmers are essential. Os mercados agrícolas vêm participando do desenvolvimento das economias desde os primórdios das civilizações, ocorrendo desde simples trocas, até negociações mais complexas. Entre estes mercados, encontram-se as cadeias curtas de comercialização que buscam encurtar as distâncias entre agricultor e consumidor, ocasionando uma aproximação entre o local onde se está produzindo e consumindo, tornando uma relação “mais justa” para agricultores e consumidores. Deste modo, neste estudo objetiva-se analisar as dinâmicas de produção e comercialização utilizadas por agricultores que acessam os mercados por intermédio de cadeias agroalimentares curtas na região extremo norte do Rio Grande do Sul. Para isto, foram entrevistados o total de 31 agricultores dos municípios de Alpestre, Ametista do Sul, Iraí e Planalto, entre os meses de outubro e novembro de 2019. O meio para operacionalizar a pesquisa consiste em três etapas de análise. A primeira é mensurar a participação das cadeias curtas de comercialização na formação da renda agrícola gerada em diferentes sistemas de produção na região extremo norte do Rio Grande do Sul-BR, utilizando como método de análise o referencial metodológico dos sistemas de produção. A primeira constatação é a existência de três sistemas produtivos, sendo: vegetal alternativo e convencional; agroindustrial animal e vegetal; misto convencional e alternativo. Em todos os sistemas ocorre a combinação de mercados locais e globais. As rendas maiores provenientes de cadeias curtas são encontradas em sistemas agroindustriais e nos sistemas alternativos. A questão seguinte é compreender a capacidade de reprodução socioeconômica nas unidades produtivas a partir de rendas de cadeias curtas. Nesta etapa de análise é estratificado as rendas somente de cadeias curtas e realizado o agrupamento por classes salariais. A renda de cadeias curtas possibilita a reprodução socioeconômica somente quando aufere mais de quatro salários mínimos. Em outros estratos salariais, somente com a complementação de rendas de mercados globais e alternativos, assim como outras rendas, é possível obter capacidade de reprodução socioeconômica. A terceira etapa consiste em analisar a eficiência das cadeias curtas de comercialização nos diferentes sistemas de produção encontrados. Para coleta e análise dos dados foi elaborado um roteiro estruturado baseado em Belletti e Marescotti “L’innovazione economica della filiera corta”. O Sistema que apresentou índices de eficiência mais altos em cinco das seis variáveis analisadas foi o agroindustrial vegetal, o qual possui finalização da produção. Os sistemas convencionais, seja misto como vegetal, são os que apresentam os menores índices de eficiência, em função das produções destinadas às cadeias curtas serem complemento de renda e na sua maioria, produtos com baixo valor agregado. Em geral observa-se que as cadeias curtas são um mercado alternativo para as famílias que visam autonomia produtiva, diversificar a renda e/ou escoar a produção excedente. Entretanto, este canal também necessita de especialização quando utilizado como principal fonte de renda, assim como, somente a comercialização de produção in natura não o torna eficiente em diferentes aspectos. Todavia, estes resultados não devem ser generalizados, visto a especificidade da região em análise e a complexidade do tema, e por isto, novas análises em outras regiões/agricultores são imprescindíveis.
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- 2020
38. Energy use of by-products from ethanol and biodiesel industries for the production of hydrogen and methane in a two-stage system
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Souza, Lucas Monteiro Galotti de, 1994, Moraes, Bruna de Souza, 1983, Seabra, Joaquim Eugênio Abel, Mockaitis, Gustavo, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Planejamento de Sistemas Energéticos, and UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS
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Análise energética ,Filter cake ,Vinasse ,Avaliação econômica ,Glicerina ,Glycerin ,Codigestão ,Codigestion ,Torta de filtro ,Energy analysis ,Economic evaluation ,Entressafra ,Vinhaça ,Offseason - Abstract
Orientador: Bruna de Souza Moraes Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica Resumo: Indústrias de etanol e biodiesel se destacam não só pela produção de biocombustíveis, mas também pela geração de biomassa residual. Através da digestão anaeróbia (DA), é possível produzir hidrogênio (H2) e metano (CH4) a partir de subprodutos das referidas indústrias. O objetivo deste trabalho é valorar a vinhaça, a torta de filtro (TF), e a glicerina, através da co-digestão anaeróbia (co-DA), para produção de H2 e CH4 em sistema de duas etapas. Três experimentos em batelada em escala laboratorial foram feitos: os ensaios preliminares, para investigar as proporções dos três substratos que alcancem os melhores rendimentos de biogás; os ensaios de concentração ótima de glicerina, para identificar as concentrações ótimas do substrato para obter os melhores rendimentos de biogás; e o Potencial Bioquímico de Hidrogênio (PBH) e Metano (PBM), para comparar a mono-digestão anaeróbia (mono-DA) e a co-DA em termos produção absoluta, rendimento e velocidade de produção de biogás, H¬¬¬2 e CH4. Com base nos resultados do PBH e PBM, foi feito um estudo energético e econômico para avaliar a possibilidade de produção e aplicação do biogás em um cenário real em uma usina de etanol. Os ensaios preliminares indicaram que elevadas concentrações de substrato (acima de 10 g SV L-1) apresentam efeito inibitório para produção de biogás, e que o balanceamento de proporções de vinhaça e TF são benéficas para o processo. Os ensaios de concentração ótima de glicerina mostraram que concentrações acima de 30 g L-1 não resultam em aumento da produção de CH4. O PBH e o PBM mostraram que a co-DA traz melhorias em diversos parâmetros operacionais, como rendimento e velocidade de produção de biogás, e também apontou vantagens do uso da glicerina para produção de H2. A co-DA de vinhaça e glicerina resultou em 257,15 mL CH4 g SV-1 e 64,31 mL H2 g SV-1. A avaliação energética indicou que, dentro do cenário proposto, é possível alcançar produção de 20 mil Nm3 de biogás por dia e substituir 30% do diesel utilizado por máquinas agrícolas, considerando uma usina com capacidade de processamento de 3 Mt de cana ano-1 (2,27 Nm3 t cana-1 em um ano). A avaliação econômica mostrou que é possível, a partir de investimento inicial de R$ 17,5 milhões, obter receita anual de R$ 9 milhões com biogás, com tempo de payback de 4,5 anos Abstract: Ethanol and biodiesel industries stand out not only to produce biofuels, but also for the generation of residual biomass. Through anaerobic digestion (AD), it is possible to produce hydrogen (H2) and methane (CH4) from by-products of these industries. The goal of this work is to value vinasse, filter cake (FC), and glycerin, through anaerobic co-digestion (co-AD), to produce H2 and CH4 in a two-stage system. Three batch experiments on a laboratory scale were carried out: preliminary tests, to investigate the proportions of the three substrates that achieve the best biogas yields; the tests of optimum concentration of glycerin, to identify the optimum concentrations of the substrate to obtain the best biogas yields; and the Biochemical Hydrogen (BHP) and Methane (BMP) Potential, to compare anaerobic mono-digestion (mono-AD) and co-AD in terms of absolute production, yield and velocity of biogas, H2 and CH4 production,. Based on the results of BHP and BMP, an energetic and economic study was carried out to evaluate the possibility of producing and applying biogas in a real scenario in an ethanol plant. Preliminary tests indicated that high substrate concentrations (above 10 g VS L-1) have an inhibitory effect on biogas production, and that the balance of vinasse and FC proportions are beneficial for the process. The tests of optimum concentration of glycerin showed that concentrations above 30 g L-1 do not result in an increase in CH4 production. BHP and BMP showed that co-AD brings improvements in several operational parameters, such as yield and speed of biogas production, and pointed out advantages of using glycerin for H2 production. The co-AD of vinasse and glycerin resulted in 257,15 ml CH4 g VS-1 and 64,31 ml H2 g VS-1. The energy evaluation indicated that, within the proposed scenario, it is possible to achieve production of 20 thousand Nm3 of biogas per day and replace 30% of the diesel used by agricultural machinery, considering a plant with a processing capacity of 3 million tons of sugarcane per year (6,7 Nm3 1000 t cana-1). The economic evaluation showed that it is possible, from an initial investment of R$ 17,5 million, to obtain annual revenue of R$ 9 million with biogas, with a payback time of 4,5 years Mestrado Planejamento de Sistemas Energéticos Mestre em Planejamento de Sistemas Energéticos CAPES 88882.435417/2019-01
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- 2020
39. Economic feasibility of the use of tractor/agricultural implements for building terraces
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Ribeiro Ramos, Cássio André, Souza, Luiz Henrique, and Oliveira, Flávio Gonçalves
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Mecanização agrícola ,economic evaluation ,Avaliação econômica ,agricultural machinery ,Máquinas agrícolas ,agricultural mechanization - Abstract
The objective of this work was to analyze the operational costs of agricultural mechanization in the construction of terraces as well as its purchase economic feasibility. This experiment was conducted in the city of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais. It evaluated the operating costs considering the availability of implanting three terraces: Manghum, Nichols and Wide Base terraces. A three-fixed-disc plow was adopted for the Manghum type, a three-reversible-disc plow was used for the Nichols type and a drag-plow was used for the Wide Base. Even with higher hourly-costs (R$ h-1), the drag-plow provided a lower total cost (R$ terrace-1) and consequently more terraces were built per hour due to its higher efficiency. The Leveling Point has shown that for the Manghum terrace, to purchase the tractor and the fixed disc plow is feasible if the number of worked-hours exceeds 219.3 hours per year; for the Nichols terrace type, to purchase the tractor and the reversible disc plow is only possible when the number of hours is higher than 247.7 hours per year and, for the Wide Base terrace, to purchase the tractor and the drag-plow is viable with a number of hours exceeding 167.8 hours per y The objective of this work was to analyze the operational costs of agricultural mechanization in the construction of terraces as well as its purchase economic feasibility. This experiment was conducted in the city of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais. It evaluated the operating costs considering the availability of implanting three terraces: Manghum, Nichols and Wide Base terraces. A three-fixed-disc plow was adopted for the Manghum type, a three-reversible-disc plow was used for the Nichols type and a drag-plow was used for the Wide Base. Even with higher hourly-costs (R$ h-1), the drag-plow provided a lower total cost (R$ terrace-1) and consequently more terraces were built per hour due to its higher efficiency. The Leveling Point has shown that for the Manghum terrace, to purchase the tractor and the fixed disc plow is feasible if the number of worked-hours exceeds 219.3 hours per year; for the Nichols terrace type, to purchase the tractor and the reversible disc plow is only possible when the number of hours is higher than 247.7 hours per year and, for the Wide Base terrace, to purchase the tractor and the drag-plow is viable with a number of hours exceeding 167.8 hours per year.
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- 2020
40. É economicamente viável regionalizar a atuação de um hospital público de médio porte?
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de Souza, Paulo César and Scatena, João Henrique G.
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HOSPITAL administration , *PUBLIC hospitals , *PUBLIC health , *MEDICAL care costs , *ECONOMIES of scale - Abstract
The efficiency of public health is a growing management need, especially in public hospitals. These organizations are complex because of the multiplicity of services and the high costs involved. So this paper evaluates a hospital in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, by the method of "cost-volume-surplus". The results show among other things, that the reduction of excess capacity from the increased number of patients from other cities would produce an increase in revenues due to economies of scale, providing the process of decentralization of SUS (micro-regionalization) with systemic efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2010
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41. Simulação técnico-econômica da inclusão de ractopamina em dietas de suínos em terminação.
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Brumatti, R. C. and Kiefer, C.
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- 2010
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42. Custos em pomares de pessegueiro conduzidos nos sistemas integrado e convencional, nos municípios de Araucária e Lapa, Paraná.
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Junior, Joel Ferreira Penteado, de Mio, Louise Larissa May, and Rodigheri, Honorino Roque
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INDUSTRIAL costs , *ECONOMIC indicators , *COST structure , *FLEXIBLE manufacturing systems , *LABOR supply , *PESTICIDES , *AGRICULTURAL chemicals - Abstract
This research aimed to calculate and analysis the costs of integrated system (IP) and conventional (PC) peaches production in two agricultural establishments located in the Araucária and Lapa counties - Paraná. The cost production based activities were appropriate and technical coefficients and indicators were related to the use of inputs over three years, employed per hectare and by year Management cost parameters were included, such as: estimating target cost, activity unit cost, percentage of participation in the activity of the coefficients and expenses involved in each component of the cost structure. It was divided into large groups, such as services, supplies, administrative and other supplies. The total cost per hectare in the IP orchards of IP were 5.86% and 5.05% lower than the PC cost respectively for Araucária and Lapa, PR. The items most representative in the cost composition were spent with the workforce and pesticides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Avaliação benefício-custo de sistemas de dessalinização de água em comunidades rurais cearenses.
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Campos, Robério Telmo
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SALINE water conversion ,REVERSE osmosis ,ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc. ,WATER consumption ,WATER quality management ,RESOURCE allocation ,DRINKING water - Abstract
Copyright of Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Economia e Sociologia Rural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Avaliação da viabilidade da implementação de uma solução RFID numa empresa de retalho eletrónico
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Rodrigues, Joana Salgado Lago e Costa, Ferreira, Paula Varandas, Carvalho, Maria Sameiro, and Universidade do Minho
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RFID ,Avaliação de projetos ,Engenharia e Tecnologia::Outras Engenharias e Tecnologias ,RFID (Identificação por radiofrequência) ,Intagible benefits ,Outras Engenharias e Tecnologias [Engenharia e Tecnologia] ,Rastreabilidade ,Traceability ,Benefícios intangíveis ,Melhoria de processos ,Economic evaluation ,Process improvement - Abstract
Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial, A presente dissertação, inserida no plano de estudos do curso de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial, foi realizada na empresa Worten - Worten Equipamentos para o Lar, SA, numa parceria com a Universidade do Minho. A empresa iniciou um projeto no âmbito do qual se insere esta dissertação, designado de projeto Unicórnio, o qual, visa a otimização de processos e níveis de serviço de excelência que excedam as expectativas do cliente. A metodologia de investigação empregue foi investigação Ação que tem por base uma análise diagnóstica do processo e o desenho de uma possível solução futura. O foco do trabalho passou pela melhoria de processos em loja e em armazém com a implementação da tecnologia RFID (identificação por radiofrequência) ao longo da cadeia de abastecimento. A realização desta dissertação implicou uma pesquisa extensa sobre sistemas de rastreabilidade, o mapeamento da situação logística atual da empresa e o respetivo levantamento de necessidades no que se refere à movimentação de mercadoria. Deste diagnóstico resultou a proposta do desenho de uma solução RFID. Desenvolveu-se ainda o modelo de avaliação do impacto económico do projeto, incluindo a avaliação dos custos e benefícios tangíveis e intangíveis da implementação desta solução. Com esta avaliação, mostrouse como a possível implementação desta solução RFID é economicamente viável e contribui para resolver ou, pelo menos reduzir, grande parte dos problemas logísticos atualmente existentes entre o entreposto e as lojas Worten. Foram identificados ao longo do projeto alguns desafios e riscos relativos à implementação do mesmo, nomeadamente aqueles associados a restrições tanto da própria tecnologia (segurança de dados, proximidade, custo, entre outras) como da própria empresa ao nível da formação e adesão dos seus colaboradores., The current dissertation is included in the study plan of the Integrated Master's in Industrial Management and Engineering. The work was carried out at Worten – Worten Equipamentos para o Lar, SA, a company that has a partnership with Universidade do Minho. This company initiated a project called “Unicornio”, in which this dissertation is included. This project aims for processes optimization and service improvement targeting the high expectations of the clients. The research methodology employed in this dissertation, Action Research, is based on a process diagnostic analysis and a draft of a possible future solution. The main focus of this thesis involves the optimization of in-store and warehouse processes by implementing RFID throughout the supply chain, and the evaluation of its economic impact and evaluation of tangible and intangible costs of implementing it. This dissertation involved extensive research on traceability systems, the mapping of the company's current logistical situation and the respective needs regarding the movement of goods. From this diagnosis resulted the proposal of the design of an RFID solution. The economic impact assessment model of the project was also developed, including the evaluation of the tangible and intangible costs and benefits of implementing this solution. This evaluation showed how the possible implementation of this RFID solution is economically feasible and contributes to solving or at least reducing a large part of the logistical problems that arise between the warehouse facilities and the Worten retail stores. Along the project we were able to identify some challenges and potential risks involved in the implementation of this plan, such as limitations of the specific technology (data security, proximity, cost, etc.) as well as of the openness of the company to invest in training and adoption of a new process.
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- 2020
45. Análise de minimização de custos em doentes com suspeita de doença coronária estável, comparação ecocardiograma de sobrecarga com esforço versus cintigrafia de perfusão do miocárdio
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Heitor, Patrícia Brás de Matos, Fonseca, Virgínia, and Cotrim, Carlos Alberto Dias
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Health costs ,Imagem cardíaca ,Doença arterial coronária ,Custos na saúde ,Coronary artery disease ,Economic evaluation ,Scintigraphy ,Myocardial perfusion ,Stress echocardiogram ,Ecocardiograma de sobrecarga com esforço ,Avaliação económica ,Cintigrafia ,Perfusão do miocárdio ,Cardiac imaging - Abstract
Mestrado em Gestão e Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde Submitted by Maria da Luz Antunes (mluz.antunes@estesl.ipl.pt) on 2021-03-04T12:32:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Análise de minimização de custos em doentes com suspeita de doença coronária estável.pdf: 2494823 bytes, checksum: 759b7be5196387002ebe8dc974b4bffa (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-03-04T12:32:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Análise de minimização de custos em doentes com suspeita de doença coronária estável.pdf: 2494823 bytes, checksum: 759b7be5196387002ebe8dc974b4bffa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020 N/A
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- 2020
46. ?ndices zoot?cnicos e econ?micos de animais Nelores e ? sangue Angus x Nelore confinados nas ?pocas da seca e ?guas
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Matos, ?llem Maria de Almeida, Villela, Severino Delmar Junqueira, Verardo, Lucas Lima, Paulino, Pedro Veiga Rodrigues, Paschoaloto, Josimari Regina, Leonel, Fernando de Paula, and Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM)
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Bovinocultura de corte ,Feedlot ,Beef cattle ,Confinamento ,Nutri??o ,Economic evaluation ,Avalia??o econ?mica ,Nutrition - Abstract
O presente trabalho foi realizado com apoio da Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - C?digo de Financiamento 001. Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2022-07-07T20:50:30Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) ellem_maria_almeida_matos.pdf: 1338148 bytes, checksum: d614533c232c7d6171ab088d98d2ce1b (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2022-07-07T21:25:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) ellem_maria_almeida_matos.pdf: 1338148 bytes, checksum: d614533c232c7d6171ab088d98d2ce1b (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-07-07T21:25:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) ellem_maria_almeida_matos.pdf: 1338148 bytes, checksum: d614533c232c7d6171ab088d98d2ce1b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020 Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) Objetivou-se avaliar os ?ndices de desempenho zoot?cnicos e econ?micos de animais Nelore e Cruzados (1/2 sangue Nelore ? Angus) confinados na ?poca seca (experimento 1) e Nelores confinados na ?poca da seca e na ?poca das ?guas (experimento 2). Foram utilizados 1032 animais, sendo 420 da ra?a Nelore e 612 Cruzados (1/2 sangue Nelore ? Angus) e 1365 animais sendo todos da ra?a Nelore. Esses animais foram mantidos nas instala??es de confinamento por um per?odo de aproximadamente 92 e 108 dias, respectivamente para os dois experimentos. A idade inicial foi de 24 meses para todos os animais, os pesos iniciais foram de 459,01 kg para Cruzados e 385,07 kg para Nelores na ?poca seca e 399,43 kg e 419,92 kg para ?poca da seca e ?guas, respectivamente. A dieta foi formulada com baga?o de cana-de-a??car como volumoso. A dieta de adapta??o utilizada teve rela??o inicial volumoso: concentrado (V:C) de 30:70, com base na mat?ria seca (MS). Gradativamente aumentou-se a participa??o do concentrado na dieta at? apresentar rela??o V:C (15:85). Foram avaliados ?ndices de desempenho zoot?cnico e econ?micos. Os pesos inicial e final foram maiores para os animais Cruzados, estes tamb?m destacaram em rela??o ?s demais vari?veis quando comparado aos Nelores, exceto na convers?o alimentar em que os Nelores obtiveram melhor convers?o. Para os animais Nelores (experimento 2) os pesos inicial e final n?o apresentaram diferen?a significativa, as vari?veis que apresentaram diferen?a entre as ?pocas foram: rendimento de carca?a sendo 54,81% e 56,29%; dias de confinamento sendo 112,43 dias e 104,14 dias e CMS em rela??o ao peso vivo que foram de 2,23 e 2,38 para ?poca seca e ?poca das ?guas, respectivamente. Realizou-se uma an?lise econ?mica dos dois grupos gen?ticos, e embora os custos tenham sido maior para os animais Cruzados, os ganhos em arroba no confinamento e GMD tamb?m foram maiores (6,96@ e 1,65kg/cab/dia). Diante disso os animais Cruzados obtiveram maiores valores para receita total, margem bruta e margem l?quida. Para a an?lise econ?mica das duas ?pocas do ano, embora os custos tenham sido maiores para os animais confinados na ?poca das ?guas, este per?odo obteve os maiores valores para receita total, margem bruta e margem l?quida. Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2020. The aim of this study was to evaluate the productive and economic performances of Nellore and Crossbreed bulls (Nellore ? Angus) confined in the dry season (experiment 1) and, only, Nellore in the dry and wet season (experiment 2). A total of 1032 animals, 420 of which were Nellore and 612 crossbreed (Nellore ? Angus), and 1365 animals, all of which were Nellore. These animals were kept in the feedlot facilities for a period of approximately 92 and 108 days, respectively for the two experiments. The initial age of the animals was 24 months for all animals and the initial average body weight was 459.01 kg for crossbred bulls and 385.07 kg for the Nellore bulls in the dry season, and 399,43 kg and 419,92 kg for the Nellore in the dry season and in the wet season, respectively. The diet was formulated with sugarcane bagasse as a roughage. The adaptation diet used had an initial ratio of concentrate: roughage of 30:70, based on dry matter (DM). The diet was formulated with sugarcane bagasse as a roughage. The adaptation diet used had an initial ratio of concentrate: roughage of 30:70, based on dry matter (DM) and the final concentrate: roughage ratio was to 85:15. Productive and economic performance index were evaluated. The initial and final weight was higher for the crossbred bulls, and also presented better results for the other variables, except to feed conversion ratio. For Nellore animals (experiment 2) the initial and final weight did not show a significant difference , the variables that showed a difference between seasons were: carcass yield being 54.81% and 56.29%; days of confinement being 112.43 days and 104.14 days and CMS in relation to body weight which were 2.23 and 2.38 for dry and wet season, respectively. An economic analysis of the two genetic groups was carried out, and although the costs were higher for crossbred animals, the gains in arroba in confinement and GMD were also higher (6.96 @ and 1.65kg / animal/ day). In view of this, the crossbreed animals obtained higher values for total revenue, gross margin and net margin. For the economic analysis of the two seasons, although the costs were higher for animals confined in the water season, this period obtained the highest values for total revenue, gross profit margin, and net profit margin.
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- 2020
47. Use of memantine in severe Alzheimer's disease: a cost-effectiveness analysis from the perspective of the Brazilian Health System
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Oliveira, Ione Ayala Gualandi de, Caetano, Rosângela, Steffen, Ricardo Ewbank, Dain, Sulamis, Braga, Jose Ueleres, Silva, Rondineli Mendes da, and Pereira, Claudia Cristina de Aguiar
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Memantina ,Memantine ,Revisão sistemática ,Avaliação econômica ,CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::SAUDE COLETIVA [CNPQ] ,Systematic review ,Alzheimer's disease ,Economic evaluation ,Doença de Alzheimer - Abstract
Submitted by Boris Flegr (boris@uerj.br) on 2020-08-02T16:50:00Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese Ione Ayala parcial.pdf: 2325460 bytes, checksum: fa2cbf794170b57a5356d67b891211e1 (MD5) Tese Ione Ayala completa.pdf: 3562701 bytes, checksum: dc27b361fea48d5fa70a930d6961e536 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2020-08-02T16:50:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese Ione Ayala parcial.pdf: 2325460 bytes, checksum: fa2cbf794170b57a5356d67b891211e1 (MD5) Tese Ione Ayala completa.pdf: 3562701 bytes, checksum: dc27b361fea48d5fa70a930d6961e536 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-07-30 Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most common cause of dementia, being a progressive and incurable neurodegenerative disease, expressed by a variety of neuropsychiatric symptoms. It the main responsible for mortality rates and functional dependence among the elderly, representing an economic impact important for families and universal health systems. Although the literature observes that the effects of memantine on AD are small, the drug was incorporated into the Brazilian Health System in 2017. However, contrary to the legal norm regarding the incorporation of technologies in SUS, this process was not accompanied by an economic evaluation that would demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of this drug. This study examined the cost-utility of memantine for severe AD compared to no specific pharmacological treatment, from the perspective of the SUS as a care funder. A systematic review of economic evaluation studies using memantine alone or in combination with donepezil for moderate to severe AD has been conducted. The review allowed to know the state of the art of economic evaluations and made it possible to raise general aspects related to the modeling used in the studies to assist in the construction of the analytical decision model conducted in the cost-effectiveness study. A Markov model was constructed to model the progression of AD based on the severity states of AD (mild, moderate and severe), defined by the MEEM, plus the dead state. Cycles of 1 year were considered and the adopted time horizon was 5 years. The costs of memantine were considered for 2 years, but the effects observed only during the first year. Costs and benefits were discounted at 5%. Compared with no specific treatment, memantine represented an increase in care costs and gains in QALY. Patients who used memantine had a gain 3,080 QALY over the simulated 5 years at an incremental cost of $ 351.500,00 and an ICER of $ 114.205,75 in amounts already discounted for the reference case. The results found are difficult to compare with studies conducted outside the country. If the cost-effectiveness threshold adopted in Brazil was previously recommended by the WHO, memantine would be considered a non-cost-effective technology based on the analysis of the reference case. In this way, its incorporation would not be justified in the national context, given its high costs and a small benefit and circumscribed to the time. A Doença de Alzheimer (DA) representa a causa mais comum de demência, sendo uma doença neurodegenerativa progressiva e incurável, expressa por uma diversidade de sintomas neuropsiquiátricos. É a principal responsável pelas taxas de mortalidade e de dependência funcional entre os idosos, representando um impacto econômico importante para as famílias e sistemas universais de saúde. Apesar da literatura observar que os efeitos da memantina na DA são pequenos, o fármaco foi incorporado ao Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) em 2017. No entanto, ao contrário do preconizado pela normativa legal acerca da incorporação de tecnologias no SUS, este processo não foi acompanhado de uma avaliação econômica completa que demonstrasse a custo-efetividade deste fármaco. Este estudo examinou a custo-utilidade da memantina para a DA grave em comparação a nenhum tratamento farmacológico específico, sob a perspectiva do SUS como financiador da assistência. Foi conduzida uma revisão sistemática de estudos de avaliação econômica que usaram a memantina isolada ou combinada com doenepezilpara a DA moderada a grave. A revisão permitiu conhecer o estado da arte das avaliações econômicas e possibilitou levantar aspectos gerais relacionados às modelagens utilizadas nos estudos de forma a auxiliar na construção do modelo de decisão analítico conduzido no estudo de custo-efetividade. Foi construído um modelo de Markov para modelar a progressão da doença com base nos estados de gravidade da DA (leve, moderado e grave), definidos pelo Mini- Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM), acrescidos do estado morto. Foram considerados ciclos de 1 ano e o horizonte temporal adotado foi de 5 anos. Os custos da memantina foram considerados por 2 anos, porém os efeitos observados apenas ao longo do primeiro ano. Custos e benefícios foram descontados em 5%. Comparado com nenhum tratamento específico, a memantina representou um aumento nos custos do cuidado e nos ganhos obtidos em QALY. Os pacientes que usaram memantina tiveram um ganho de 3,080 QALY ao longo dos 5 anos simulados a um custo incremental de R$ 351.500,00 em valores já descontados, resultando em uma RCEI de R$ 114.205,75 por QALY, para o caso de referência. Os resultados encontrados são de difícil comparação com estudos realizados fora do país. Desta forma, sua incorporação não seria justificada no contexto nacional, dados seus custos elevados e um benefício pequeno e circunscrito ao tempo.
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- 2019
48. Randomized clinical trial of one and two implants retained mandibular overdenture treatment: evaluation of clinical, radiographic outcomes, patient perception and cost analysis
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Resende, Gabriela Pereira de, Leles, Cláudio Rodrigues, Souza, João Antônio Chaves de, and Paula, Wagner Nunes de
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Satisfação do paciente ,Overdentures ,Dental implant ,Economia em odontologia ,CLINICA ODONTOLOGICA [ODONTOLOGIA] ,Patient satisfaction ,Economic evaluation ,Implante dentário - Abstract
O objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar um ensaio clínico randomizado de duas alternativas de tratamento para a reabilitação do edentulismo mandibular: overdenture mandibular retida por implante unitário (OVD-1) e overdenture mandibular retida por dois implantes (OVD-2). Foram incluídos 47 indivíduos desdentados totais, randomizados para um dos grupos de tratamento. Todos os participantes receberam implantes Standard Plus SLActive®, instalados seguindo o protocolo carga convencional de 21 dias. Os desfechos primários envolveram a satisfação do paciente com o tratamento e o impacto da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida. Os desfechos secundários, envolveram a performance mastigatória, dor relacionada à cirurgia, quociente de estabilidade do implante (ISQ), alteração óssea marginal, aspectos peri-implantares e do tecido mole, complicações clínicas e eventos de manutenção das overdentures, tempo e custos que foram identificados, mensurados e valorados, durante um ano após realização do tratamento. Para comparação dos grupos em função dos diferentes períodos de avaliação utilizou-se os testes t pareado, de Wilcoxon, Anova mista e GEE. Não houve diferença entre os grupos em relação aos desfechos gerais reportados pelo paciente (p>0,05), performance mastigatória (p = 0,924), dor relacionada à cirurgia (p=0,491) e ISQ (p=0,128). Os níveis de perda óssea marginal foram de 0,31 (±0,70) e 0,12 (±0.59), para o grupo OVD-1 e OVD-2 respectivamente, após 12 meses, sem diferença entre os grupos (p=0,370). Em relação aos aspectos peri-implantar e do tecido mole, complicações clínicas e eventos de manutenção das overdentures não apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significantes (p>0,05). Entretanto, foi encontrada diferença estatística entre os grupos em relação ao tempo total do tratamento (p=0,001), e em relação aos custos essa diferença foi presente na fase cirúrgica (p=0,004) e na fase protética (p 0.05), performance masticatory (p = 0.924), related pain (p = 0,491), ISQ (p = 0.128). Bone markers were marginal at 0.31 (± 0.70) and 0.12 (± 0.59) for the OVD-1 and OVD-2 groups, respectively, after 12 months, with no differences between groups (p = 0.370). Regarding peri-implant areas and molar tissue, clinics and overdenture maintenance events were not regretted when compared to statistically significant (p> 0.05). However, it was able to make the difference between the groups in relation to the total time of treatment (p = 0.001), and in relation to the costs that this figure presented in the surgical phase (p = 0.004) and in the prosthetic phase (p
- Published
- 2019
49. Custos de formalização institucional de Sistemas Agroindustriais Familiares de Base Ecológica - SAFES
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Carolina Brignoni, Andressa Bammesberger, Marcio Gazolla, and Arlindo Jesus Prestes de Lima
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Welfare economics ,Legislation ,Formality ,Organic certification ,lcsh:Social Sciences ,lcsh:H ,Social reproduction ,Custos de formalização institucional. Sistema agroindustrial familiar. Cadeias produtivas ecológicas ,Economic evaluation ,Value (economics) ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Production (economics) ,lcsh:H1-99 ,Performance indicator ,Business ,lcsh:Human ecology. Anthropogeography ,lcsh:GF1-900 ,lcsh:Social sciences (General) ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
O objetivo do trabalho foi mensurar quanto e quais são os custos de produção de sistemas agroindustriais familiares que possuem a agricultura ecológica como base de reprodução social. Neste sentido, foram relacionados, sempre comparativamente, indicadores de desempenho econômico das situações de formalidade e informalidade institucional das experiências investigadas. As perguntas que guiaram a pesquisa foram: quanto e quais são os custos para viabilizar um sistema agroindustrial ecológico nas situações de formalidade e informalidade institucional? Haveria diferenças monetárias significativas? Dentro disso, qual seria o custo da certificação orgânica? A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na Regional da EMATER de Frederico Westphalen/RS, onde foram investigadas doze iniciativas, utilizando-se do aporte teórico-metodológico de avaliação econômica dos sistemas de produção. De maneira geral, os resultados evidenciam que os sistemas agroindustriais familiares ecológicos possuem menores custos de produção em situação de informalidade por um lado e, de outro, que seu valor agregado e renda agroindustrial também se elevam quando estes não seguem as legislações agroalimentares emanadas do Estado, em diferentes níveis territoriais.
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- 2016
50. Impacto socioeconómico nos cuidadores informais de doentes de Alzheimer
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Freitas, Carolina Baía de and Gonçalves, Maria Suzete dos Santos
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envelhecimento ,doença de Alzheimer ,cuidador informal ,economic evaluation ,ageing ,avaliação económica ,informal caregiver ,care ,Alzheimer's disease ,cuidar - Abstract
Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão e Economia da Saúde apresentada à Faculdade de Economia Atualmente, Portugal enfrenta um dos principais desafios das sociedades modernas, o envelhecimento. Esta problemática desencadeia discussões urgentes, de cariz social, económico e político. Infelizmente, as transformações demográficas estão associadas a um aumento significativo de doenças crónicas. A demência, cuja principal causa é a doença de Alzheimer, cria cenários de dependência e necessidade de cuidados entre os idosos. O cuidado informal é uma condição preferencial quer para os recetores de cuidado, quer para os formuladores de políticas. Os cuidadores informais prestam cuidados com base num compromisso de nobreza, sem remuneração ou vínculo profissional, tendo assim, um enorme valor económico sendo estes atores imprescindíveis dos sistemas de saúde. Contudo, a longo prazo, o ato de cuidar provoca sobrecarga física, psicológica e económica nos prestadores de cuidados. Assim, o presente estudo pretende avaliar o impacto socioeconómico nos cuidadores informais de doentes de Alzheimer, através da caracterização e valorização monetária do cuidado informal. Os dados do estudo foram obtidos a partir da aplicação de um questionário, baseado no instrumento de recolha de dados Resource Utilization in Dementia (RUD), a cuidadores informais de doentes de Alzheimer, na Consulta de Demência do Serviço de Neurologia do Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC). No tratamento de dados, foi conduzida uma análise de estatística descritiva das variáveis referentes aos doentes, cuidadores informais e contexto da prestação de cuidados, sendo de seguida, aplicado o método do bem substituto para a valorização monetária do cuidado informal e aplicada uma regressão de Poisson para uma análise explicativa do número de horas de cuidado e, consequentemente, do custo do cuidado informal.Os principais resultados apontam para uma valorização de cuidados informais em 45,36€ por dia e 272,16€ por semana, como consequência de 11 horas diárias de cuidado, durante 6 dias por semana. A severidade da doença, o número de Atividades Instrumentais da Vida Diária (AIVD) realizadas, viver com o doente, o tempo de cuidador, a percentagem de envolvimento no cuidado e a situação profissional do cuidador informal influenciam o número de horas de cuidado e, consequentemente, o custo informal. Dados estatísticos, mostram que 47,4% dos cuidadores concilia uma profissão com o ato de cuidar, sendo que 71,2% são prejudicados pelas entidades patronais quando faltam. Apenas 7,2% dos prestadores reportam que recebem apoios pela prestação de cuidados. A partir dos resultados obtidos conclui-se que a consciencialização da sociedade sobre a importância do papel do cuidador informal e a dimensão e o significado dos custos dos cuidados informais é urgente. Existem inúmeras necessidades não cobertas neste domínio e a disponibilidade de respostas de cuidado formal é insuficiente, logo a orientação de políticas e serviços de apoio aos cuidadores informais é essencial. Currently, Portugal faces one of the main challenges of modern societies, population ageing. This problem generates an urgent discussion about social, economic and political issues. Unfortunately, the demographic changes have negative repercussions on population health, being associated with a significant increase of chronic diseases. Dementia, whose main cause is Alzheimer's disease, creates dependency scenarios and need for care among the elderly. Informal care is a preferred condition for both care recipients and policy makers. Informal caregivers provide care based on a nobility commitment, without payment or professional attachment. They have an immense economic value and are essential players in health systems. However, in the long run, the act of caring causes physical, psychological and economic burden on informal caregivers. Thus, the present study intends to evaluate the socioeconomic impact on informalcaregivers of Alzheimer’s disease patients, through the characterization and monetary valuation of informal care. The data from the study were obtained from the application of a questionnaire, based on the Resource Utilization in Dementia (RUD) data collection instrument, to informal caregivers of Alzheimer’s disease patients, at the Consulta de Demência do Serviço de Neurologia do Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC). In the data treatment, a descriptive statistics analysis was performed on the variables related to patients, informalcaregivers and care context, after that, proxy-good method was applied for the monetary valuation of informal care, and a Poisson regression was applied for an explanatory analysis of the number of care hours and, consequently, the informal care costs.The main results point to a valuation of informal care at 45,36€ per day and 272,16€ per week, as a consequence of 11 hours of daily care, for 6 days per week. The severity of illness, the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) performed, living with the patient, the caregiver time, the percentage of involvement in the care and the informal caregiver's labor situation influence the number of hours of care and, consequently, the informal cost. The collected data shown that 47,4% of the caregivers conciliate a profession with the act of caring, and 71.2% are impaired by employers when they are absent. Only 7,2% of the providers report receiving support in the provision of care. From the results obtained, it has been concluded that the awareness of the society about the importance of informal caregivers’ role and about the dimension and meaning of informal care costs is urgent. There are numerous unmet needs in this area and the availability of formal care responses is insufficient, so policy and support services’ orientation to informal caregivers is essential.
- Published
- 2019
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