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It was supposedly during the excavations of the ruins of Hadrian’s Villa at Tivoli that the architect Fra Giocondo da Verona conducted around 1488, that the first ancient herm portraits were found again[*]. Often broken, as they had been re-used as building material, these herms retained the names of famous men from Greek Antiquity, to which they had been dedicated, thus stirring the interest of antiquarians.

Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência de lesões em atletas adultos da seleção brasileira masculina de taekwondo. Métodos: Onze atletas com idade média de 24±4,5 anos responderam dois questionários semiestruturados e questões objetivas para investigação dos seguintes aspectos: idade; tempo de prática; graduação; região anatômica afetada em treinos e competições; mecanismos de lesão durante campeonato e treinamento; periodização; duração e frequência de treinos e competições no último ano; e se houve interrupção da prática de taekwondo decorrente das lesões. Resultados: A contusão foi o tipo mais frequente e os membros inferiores os mais acometidos; 27% relataram interrupção do treinamento maior ou igual a 1 dia de treino e/ou competição, em decorrência das lesões. A frequência média de competições; frequência semanal de treinamento e meses de treinamento por ano foram: 6±3 vezes/ano; 5±1 dias/semana e 10±3 meses/ano. Conclusão: A lesão mais prevalente dos atletas da seleção brasileira de taekwondo foi a contusão na coxa e no antebraço decorrente de golpe do adversário durante campeonatos. ABSTRACT. Injurie’s prevalence in athletes of the Brazilian national team of taekwondo. Objective: Identify the prevalence of injuries in male adults’ athletes of the Brazilian team of taekwondo. Methods: Eleven athletes aged 24±4.5 years answered two semi-structured questionnaires and questions for investigation of the following aspects: age; time practicing; taekwondo’s graduation; anatomical region injured during training and/or competitions; injury mechanisms during competitions and training; periodization; duration and frequency of training and competitions in the last year; and if there was interruption of taekwondo practice due to injuries. Results: The contusion was the most frequent injury, and the lower limbs were most affected, 27% reported discontinuation of training and/or competition greater than or equal to 1 day due to injuries. The mean frequency of competitions; training days per week and training months per year were: 6±3 times/year; 5±1 days/week and 10±3 months/year. Conclusion: The most prevalent injury of athletes from the Brazilian team of taekwondo was the contusion in the thigh and forearm during competitions.

ABSTRACT Laser and stretching are used to treat skeletal muscle injuries. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of GaAs laser and stretching in the morphology of the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle after contusion. Thirty-six male rats (349±23g) were divided into six groups (n=6): control group (CG); lesion group (LG); lesion and laser group (LLG); lesion and stretching group (LSG); lesion, laser and stretching group (LLSG); and stretching group (SG). TA was wounded by a contusion apparatus. We used GaAs laser 4.5 J/cm2 dose for 32 s each, beginning 48 h after lesion, for 7 days, once a day. Manual passive stretching was applied by 10 repetitions for 1 minute, initiating on the 8th day, once a day, 3 times a week, during 3 weeks. After 4 weeks, rats were euthanized and we analyzed: muscle weight and length, cross sectional area of muscle fibers (CSAMF), serial sarcomere number (SSN), sarcomere length, and percentage of connective tissue. Comparisons among groups were made by ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests, with the significance level set at ≤ 0.05. The serial sarcomere number of LLSG was higher than LSG. The sarcomere length of LSG was superior to LLG, LLSG, and SG. SG increased SSN compared to CG, while the percentage of connective tissue of SG decreased in comparison to LLSG. Thus, the sarcomerogenesis of injured muscles was enhanced by laser therapy, stretching, and association of both. The stretching protocol was enough to increase SSN of intact muscles.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of injuries occurred during training and/or competition in triathlon athletes at SESC Triathlon Caiobá-2011. METHODS: One hundred and ninety athletes participated in the study (153 males and 37 females). RESULTS: Athletes reported time of practice between 3 to 6 years (20%), training frequency of 5 days per week (48%), at least one injury during trainings (76%). The prevalence of injuries according to the sports category was: running (79%), cycling (16%) and swimming (5%). The most injured region during training (39%) and competition (46%) was the calf. Female athletes reported 92% of injuries during running training and 35% of those injuries were on ankle and foot. During competition only two athletes reported injuries. Muscle injury was the most prevalent (54%) among male athletes, followed by tendon (19%), ligament (17%) and bone (9%) injuries. Among female athletes prevalent injuries were: 32% muscle, 32% bone, 32% tendon and only 4% ligament injuries. CONCLUSION: Skeletal muscle injuries were the most commom lesions during running training, however, male athletes reported mostly calf injuries, while female had mostly ankle and foot injuries. Level of Evidence III. Study of Non-Consecutive Patients; Without Consistently Applied Reference ''Gold'' Standard.