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Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the gastric mucosa of more than half of the world's population. Eradication is performed with first-line triple therapy to reduce the onset of infection-related gastric disease. H. pylori was considered by the World Health Organization as one of the main bacteria that need new strategies for drug development. The aim of this study was to describe the pattern of resistance of H. pylori to antibiotics used in different therapeutic regimens. This is an integrative review, whose articles were surveyed in the PubMed, LILACS, Science Direct and SciELO databases. The inclusion criteria were studies published in Portuguese and English, indexed in the last ten years, with free access in full and that addressed the theme. The results showed mean resistance rates to metronidazole of 47.6%, levofloxacin of 24.7% and clarithromycin of 24.6%. For tetracycline and amoxicillin the means were 1.5% and 0.9% respectively. These results demonstrate varying patterns of resistance and reinforce the need to develop new drugs. It is concluded that the abusive use of antibiotics has led to increased resistance of H. pylori to the antibiotics used in its eradication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective of the study: This study aims to analyze the technological development of health biotechnology in Brazil in the period from 2007 to 2016. Methodology: The research methodology was based on a quantitative approach with the application of statistical methods aligned with patent analysis. Data collection was carried out on the institutional page of the National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI). The health biotechnology patents were classified according to the definitions presented by the Biotechnology Development Policy (PDB). Originality/Relevance: This study brings new contributions to the literature on the technological development of biotechnology when dealing with the sectoral level. Main results: The results obtained showed a total of 503 patents granted, with applications that mostly involve human health (70%). The development of drugs for the treatment of metabolic or endocrinological diseases is notorious, while vaccines have greater applications in the prevention of veterinary diseases. Also, patent ownership belongs mostly to large companies in developed countries. Theoretical/methodological contributions: The study deepened the understanding of the technological development of biotechnology in Brazil using patent indicators and allowed us to understand this dynamic in the sectorial context involving health. Social/managerial contributions: The statistics of patents in health biotechnology can assist policymakers in practices aimed at promoting research, development, and innovation activities with applications in health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Regulatory requirements for the pharmaceutical industry have been increasing a lot in recent decades, sometimes because of the new therapies that show to be more specific and with less adverse effects, mainly for the biologicals. The regulatory system might be a big issue for many countries where there are no harmonized requirements and, due to the globalization processes in the last years, the production does not happen in the same environment of the end user. The intention of this project was to evaluate the consequence of the recent regulatory changes for the Research, development and launching of biologicals in the Brazilian market. Method: A questionnaire was applied to private and public pharmaceutical companies in Brazil, among Brazilian or foreign ones. Results and final considerations: It could be observed that the regulatory mainframe in the last years brought up some change on this market in brazil, mainly with a greater participation of national private companies and with an increase in the Brazilian public industrial sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Regulatory requirements for the pharmaceutical industry have been increasing a lot in recent decades, sometimes because of the new therapies that show to be more specific and with less adverse effects, mainly for the biologicals. The regulatory system might be a big issue for many countries where there are no harmonized requirements and, due to the globalization processes in the last years, the production does not happen in the same environment of the end user. The intention of this project was to evaluate the consequence of the recent regulatory changes for the Research, development and launching of biologicals in the Brazilian market. Method: A questionnaire was applied to private and public pharmaceutical companies in Brazil, among Brazilian or foreign ones. Results and final considerations: It could be observed that the regulatory mainframe in the last years brought up some change on this market in brazil, mainly with a greater participation of national private companies and with an increase in the Brazilian public industrial sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, an analysis was carried out of the degree of satisfaction of users of the Pharmacy Assistance Program, in which, as part of Public Health Policy, medications are essential items and are at the center of a set of actions aimed at the promotion, protection and recovery of human health, providing access for the population to the medicines necessary for the control of their diseases. The program encompasses the entire process, from the development of the drug to its distribution and consumption by the population being served. Therefore, it is extremely important to know the process before beginning to analyze the situation. A descriptive and qualitative case study was conducted to analyze the positive and negative points regarding the service provided in the city of Agudo in Rio Grande do Sul. A total of 134 subjects who access the program was selected through simple random sampling. The participants answered a questionnaire. The five-point scale proposed by Rensis Likert was used. The aim was to identify, through the opinion of the users of this program, the degree of satisfaction regarding the care provided by the SUS pharmacy in this locality. The results show that most of the users are satisfied with the services of the pharmacy. On the negative points, it was observed that there is discontent regarding the availability of medicines and the commitment of the employees to solve this problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural products have been an inspiration for developing several pharmaceutical products by the local and world industry. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the preliminar pharmacological activity of the aqueous extract from leaves of Tynanthus micranthus, using the hippocratic test in mice as a tool to guide the pharmacological studies, as well as to estimate the costs involved in this process. T. micranthus Corr. Méllo ex K. Schum, popularly known as cipó-cravo, is easily found in the Northwest region of the State of Paraná, Brazil, being used as tranquilizer and analgesic folk medicine. However, there are just few scientific studies on this plant species. The evaluation of financial costs was performed to simulate the value spent by a private company in the realization of these Research & Development activities. Our results show that the Hippocratic test is a low cost test, and produces important results to take the decision about the route of administration, the acute toxicity, pharmacological effects, giving information about the latency to observe the effects. This information plus a further phytochemical analysis, isolating and identifying the major constituents, besides the evaluation in the literature about the relationship between compounds X pharmacological activities, guiding the research to be done. Overall, In the present study we presented an unpublished pharmacological activity (analgesic) for T. micranthus, showing a strategy of a simple and of low cost pharmacological screening to the research of native medicinal plants that present few information in the literature and that could be useful for the development of new pharmaceutical products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The steady stream of new products on the market is the result of technological innovation in the pharmaceutical industry. The Brazilian government has invested in promising initiatives for innovation through the development of drugs for public health programs, setting up the Program for Research and Development on Neglected Diseases, which focuses on seven diseases: dengue fever, Chagas' disease, leishmaniasis, Hansen's disease, malaria, schistosomiasis and tuberculosis. The article reviews the R&D applied to the prevention and control of neglected diseases in Brazil and worldwide. On the basis of survey data, we note that there are great obstacles to the development of the technology and products needed to fight neglected diseases and there are few investments in this segment in comparison with research that focuses on other diseases. In this light, we stress the importance of investment in research in this area and in sanitation and educational programs to guide the population in combating the proliferation of vectors and causative agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To identify and analyze the presence of antinutritional factors in possible interactions between medications and foods/ nutrients of the diets prescribed for patients of the Hospital Regional Justino Luz, in the city of Picos (PI) in order to suggest their likely mechanisms. Methods: The sample was made up of 120 medical records of hospitalized patients. The charts were analyzed to verify the presence or absence of interactions between medications and foods/nutrients of the diets prescribed to the patients at the Hospital Regional Justino Luz, emphasizing the action of antinutritional factors in these interactions. Results: Of the 189 medications prescribed, 128 (67.7%) had a possible interaction with food, totaling up 98 possible interactions between nutrients/foods and medications. Therefore, 20 (20.4%), 12 (12.2%) and 11 (11.2%) possible interactions were identified with captopril, acetylsalicylic acid and spironolactone, respectively, representing, in this order, the greatest frequencies of possible interactions among drugs and foods. A total of nine antinutritional factors were found in seven vegetable foods prescribed to inpatients, in which five (55.6%) were capable of interacting with the medications. Phytates and tannins had the largest quantity of possible interactions with drugs, each with 4 (26.7%) in a total of 15 interactions. The medications aluminum hydroxide, digoxin, and paracetamol attained greater probability of interaction with antinutrients, with 5 (33.3%), 3 (20%) and 3 (20%) interactions, respectively. Conclusion: Due to the large quantity of antinutritional factors capable of interacting with drugs prescribed for inpatients, the involvement of a multiprofessional team is indispensable so that these possible interactions between foods, antinutritional factors and drugs might be foreseen, detected, and resolved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]