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ABSTRACT Aedes aegypti is the vector of several viral diseases. The main way to control these diseases is to fight the vector. Thus, it is necessary to breed mosquitoes in the laboratory in order to develop strategies to control these insects. In laboratories, different carbohydrates are used for feeding mosquitoes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the longevity and the weight of Ae. aegypti fed with different carbohydrates diets. As methods, 120 mosquitoes were distributed in insectaries and each group received a different diet, based on honey, dextrose or maltodextrin. To assess the longevity, survival analysis was performed using the Long Rank test and chi square test. To assess the weight, the dead insects were frozen and weighed at the end of the experiment. As results it was observed that mosquitoes fed with the honey, maltodextrin and dextrose diet lived on average 33, 35 and 47 days respectively. When weight was assessed, mosquitoes fed with honey weighed 125 ± (35.3) µg, while those fed with dextrose and maltodextrin weighed 225 ± (35.3) µg and 275 ± (35.3) µg respectively. The results show that the intake of dextrose and maltodextrin by Ae. aegypti adults increases their survival and their weight.

β-citronellol (3,7-dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol) has been exhibiting a number of pharmacological effects that creates interest about its antimicrobial potential, since several substances of the monoterpene class have already demonstrated to possess activity in this profile. In addition, the emergence of fungal species resistant to current pharmacotherapy poses a serious challenge to health systems, making it necessary to search for new effective therapeutic alternatives to deal with this problem. In this study, the antimicrobial profile of β-citronellol was analyzed. The Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS) online software was used to study the antimicrobial activity of the β-citronellol molecule by the use of in silico analysis. In contrast, an in vitro antifungal study of this monoterpene was carried out. For this purpose, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determined by the microdilution technique in 96-well plates in Saboraud Dextrose Broth/RPMI against sensitive strains of Candida albicans, and this assay was performed in duplicate. In the in silico analysis of the antimicrobial profile, it was revealed that the monoterpene β-citronellol had a diverse antimicrobial bioactivity profile. For the antifungal activity, it presented a percentage value with Pa: 58.4% (predominant) and its MIC of 128 µg/mL, which was equivalent for all strains tested. The in silico study of the β-citronellol molecule allowed us to consider that the monoterpenoid is very likely to be bioactive against agents that cause fungal infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of five strains of rhizosphere fungi associated with the cacti from the Alagoan Semi-arid region against F. oxysporum and T. paradoxa as well as the efficiency of two pairing evaluation techniques. For this purpose, the Petri dish pairing method was adopted. Thus, phytopathogen and antagonist were inoculated in 9 cm diameter Petri dishes containing the Agar dextrose Agar (BDA) culture medium, each of the organisms being inoculated at opposite poles of the plate. They were incubated for four days with subsequent analyzes: I) scale of scores ranging from 1 to 5; II) measurement of mycelial growth of phytopathogen followed by calculation of inhibition of mycelial growth. The experimental design was completely randomized (DIC) with four replicates. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and comparison of means by the Skott-Knott test (p ≤ 0.05). Significant differences were detected between the antagonists, with mean inhibition ranging from 70-83% against both phytopathogens. Also, a difference between the evaluation methods was detected, and the scale technique was inefficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

No presente estudo, foram comparados os efeitos de soluções eletrolíticas contendo diferentes fontes de energia administradas via enteral por sonda naso-esofágica de pequeno calibre em fluxo contínuo sobre o equilíbrio ácido base em equinos. Foram utilizadas seis fêmeas adultas em dois quadrados latinos 6x3 simultâneos em modelo misto. Os animais foram distribuídos em três grupos e submetidos a cada um dos seguintes tratamentos: SEDext - 5g de cloreto de sódio, 0,5g de cloreto de potássio, 0,2g de pidolato de magnésio, 1g de gluconato de cálcio e 10g de dextrose diluídos em 1.000mL de água. Osmolaridade mensurada 228mOsmol L-1; SEMalt - 5g de cloreto de sódio, 0,5g de cloreto de potássio, 0,2g de pidolato de magnésio, 1g de gluconato de cálcio e 10g de maltodextrina diluídos em 1.000mL de água. Osmolaridade mensurada: 181 mOsmol L-1 e SEProp - 5g de cloreto de sódio, 0,5g de cloreto de potássio, 0,2g de pidolato de magnésio e 10g de propionato de cálcio diluídos em 1.000mL de água. Osmolaridade mensurada: 282mOsm L-1. As soluções eletrolíticas foram administradas na dose de 15mL kg-1 h-1, durante 12 horas. Os tratamentos com soluções eletrolíticas enterais contendo dextrose, maltodextrina ou propionato de cálcio não alteraram os valores da hemogasometria.The present study compared the effects of electrolyte solutions containing different sources of energy that were administrated through enteral route by naso-esophageal probe of small-caliber with continuous flow on the acid base balance in horses. Six adult females were used in two simultaneous 6x3 latin squares mixed model. The animals were divided into three groups and received the following treatments: SEDext - 5g of sodium chloride, 0.5g of potassium chloride, 0.2g of magnesium pidolate, 1g of calcium gluconate and 10g of dextrose diluted in 1.000mL of water. The osmolality measured was of 228mOsmol L-1; SEMalt - 5g of sodium chloride, 0.5g of potassium chloride, 0.2g of magnesium pidolate, 1g of calcium gluconate and 10g of maltodextrin diluted in 1.000mL of water. The osmolality measured was of 181mOsmol L-1 and SEProp - 5g of sodium chloride, 0.5g of potassium chloride, 0.2g of magnesium pidolate, 1g of calcium gluconate and 10g of calcium propionate diluted in 1.000mL of water. The osmolality measured was of 282mOsm L-1. The electrolyte solutions were administered in a dose of 15mL kg-1 h-1 for 12 hours. The treatments with enteral electrolyte solutions containing dextrose, maltodextrin and calcium propionate did not change blood gas analysis values in these animals.

Resumo Justificativa e objetivos A alta concentração de sódio é conhecida por antagonizar anestésicos locais quando infiltrado em torno de tecido neural. Portanto, a nossa hipótese foi a de que o tempo de início para os bloqueios sensorial e motor, em bloqueio do plexo braquial supraclavicular com ropivacaína diluída com dextrose, seria menor do que com solução salina. Métodos Os pacientes agendados para cirurgia em membro superior foram randomizados para receber bloqueio do plexo braquial supraclavicular com ropivacaína a 0,5%g guiado por ultrassom. A avaliação dos bloqueios sensorial e motor foi feita a cada cinco minutos durante 60 minutos. Os pacientes foram acompanhados no pós‐operatório no primeiro dia e entre os dias 7‐10 para presença de qualquer complicação. Foram analisados 25 pacientes em cada grupo. Resultados A média do tempo para o início da analgesia no grupo dextrose foi de 37,6 ± 12,9 minutos, enquanto que no grupo solução salina foi de 45,2 ± 13,9 minutos, com um valor‐ p de 0,05. O tamanho do efeito foi 0,567, o que foi de moderado a grande. Complicações maiores não foram observadas. Conclusão Concluímos que houve uma redução do tempo de início da analgesia quando dextrose em vez de solução salina foi usada como diluente para bloqueio supraclavicular guiado por ultrassom. Background and objectives A high sodium concentration is known to antagonize local anesthetics when infiltrated around neural tissue. Thus, we hypothesized that the onset time for sensory and motor blockade, in supraclavicular brachial plexus block using ropivacaine diluted with dextrose would be shorter than with saline. Methods Patients scheduled for upper limb surgery were randomized to receive ultrasound guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block with 0.5% ropivacaine. Evaluation of sensory and motor blockade was performed every 5 min for 60 min. Patients were followed‐up on postoperative day 1, and between days 7 and 10 for the presence of any complications. Twenty‐five patients in each group were analyzed. Results Mean time for onset of analgesia for the dextrose group was 37.6 ± 12.9 min while the mean time for the saline group was 45.2 ± 13.9 min with a p ‐value of 0.05. The effect size was 0.567, which was moderate to large. No major complications were observed. Conclusion We conclude that there was a decrease in onset time of analgesia when dextrose was used as a diluent instead of saline for ultrasound guided supraclavicular block. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated the comparative effects of two solutions containing equal concentrations of sodium chloride, potassium chloride and magnesium, however, one containing calcium chloride and glucose (SEDex), and other calcium propionate (SEProp) on clinical parameters, total plasma protein, urine specific gravity, urinary pH and glucose in the urine of horses (two castrated males and two females) underwent a randomized crossover 4x2. The animals were experimentally dehydrated with two applications of furosemide at 1 mg kg-1, and food and water fasting for 24 hours prior to treatment with the solutions, which were administered enteral streaming through nasogastric tube of small diameter at a rate of infusion of 15 mg kg-1. The induced dehydration caused mild dehydration. Solutions resulted in an increase in blood volume, decreased urine specific gravity and did not alter the clinical parameters of the reference standards. Furthermore, SEProp caused glycosuria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Biociencias is the property of Revista Brasileira de Biociencias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present study compared the effects of electrolyte solutions containing different sources of energy that were administrated through enteral route by naso-esophageal probe of small-caliber with continuous flow on the acid base balance in horses. Six adult females were used in two simultaneous 6×3 latin squares mixed model. The animals were divided into three groups and received the following treatments: SEDext - 5g of sodium chloride, 0.5g of potassium chloride, 0.2g of magnesium pidolate, 1g of calcium gluconate and 10g of dextrose diluted in 1.000mL of water. The osmolality measured was of 228mOsmol L-1; SEMalt - 5g of sodium chloride, 0.5g of potassium chloride, 0.2g of magnesium pidolate, 1g of calcium gluconate and 10g of maltodextrin diluted in 1.000mL of water. The osmolality measured was of 181mOsmol L-1 and SEProp - 5g of sodium chloride, 0.5g of potassium chloride, 0.2g of magnesium pidolate, 1g of calcium gluconate and 10g of calcium propionate diluted in 1.000mL of water. The osmolality measured was of 282mOsm L-1. The electrolyte solutions were administered in a dose of 15mL kg-1 h-1 for 12 hours. The treatments with enteral electrolyte solutions containing dextrose, maltodextrin and calcium propionate did not change blood gas analysis values in these animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciência Animal Brasileira is the property of Universidade Federal de Goias, Escola de Veterinaria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Coquinho-azedo (Butia capitata Mart. Becc.) is a Brazilian Cerrado native palm tree. Its fruit is used as food to human and animals. This record aim was to identify the microorganisms in the seeds of this species, using the "blotter test" and potato-dextrose-agar (PDA) medium. Samples were collected in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais State. In a factorial scheme 2 × 2, seeds with or without endocarp, were analysed by blotter test" and BDA, using a randomly designed with ten replications. These seeds presented a diversified microorganism population and endocarp removing did not interfere in coquinho-azedo microbiological analysis. Greater numbers of microorganism species were recovered in PDA medium, and mostly were Fusarium spp. and Penicillium spp. This study concluded that predominantly B. capitata microorganism population was fungus and PDA was better medium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background and objectives: A high sodium concentration is known to antagonize local anesthetics when infiltrated around neural tissue. Thus, we hypothesized that the onset time for sensory and motor blockade, in supraclavicular brachial plexus block using ropivacaine diluted with dextrose would be shorter than with saline. Methods: Patients scheduled for upper limb surgery were randomized to receive ultrasound guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block with 0.5% ropivacaine. Evaluation of sensory and motor blockade was performed every 5 min for 60 min. Patients were followed-up on postoperative day 1, and between days 7 and 10 for the presence of any complications. Twenty-five patients in each group were analyzed. Results: Mean time for onset of analgesia for the dextrose group was 37.6 ± 12.9 min while the mean time for the saline group was 45.2 ± 13.9 min with a p-value of 0.05. The effect size was 0.567, which was moderate to large. No major complications were observed. Conclusion: We conclude that there was a decrease in onset time of analgesia when dextrose was used as a diluent instead of saline for ultrasound guided supraclavicular block.

Background and Objectives: A high sodium concentration is known to antagonize local anesthetics when infiltrated around neural tissue. Thus, we hypothesized that the onset time for sensory and motor blockade, in supraclavicular brachial plexus block using ropivacaine diluted with dextrose would be shorter than with saline., Methods: Patients scheduled for upper limb surgery were randomized to receive ultrasound guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block with 0.5% ropivacaine. Evaluation of sensory and motor blockade was performed every 5min for 60min. Patients were followed-up on postoperative day 1, and between days 7 and 10 for the presence of any complications. Twenty-five patients in each group were analyzed., Results: Mean time for onset of analgesia for the dextrose group was 37.6±12.9min while the mean time for the saline group was 45.2±13.9min with a p-value of 0.05. The effect size was 0.567, which was moderate to large. No major complications were observed., Conclusion: We conclude that there was a decrease in onset time of analgesia when dextrose was used as a diluent instead of saline for ultrasound guided supraclavicular block., (Copyright © 2015 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Publicado por Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.)