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Resumo Fundamento Não existem estudos randomizados comparando a manutenção do ritmo sinusal após ablação por cateter (AC) em relação ao tratamento com fármacos antiarrítmicos (AA) em pacientes idosos portadores fibrilação atrial (FA) paroxística. Objetivos Comparar os resultados clínicos do isolamento das veias pulmonares (VPs) com o cateter PVAC Gold de segunda geração com o uso de AA em idosos com FA paroxística sintomática, recorrente, apesar do uso de fármacos AA. Métodos Sessenta pacientes com FA paroxística ≥ 65 anos e sem cardiopatias estruturais foram randomizados para duas formas de tratamento: grupo 1: AC e grupo 2: AA. O desfecho primário foi a taxa livre de recorrência de FA após pelo menos um ano de seguimento. Os desfechos secundários foram: progressão para formas persistentes de FA, impacto na qualidade de vida (QVFA) e complicações. O nível de significância adotado na análise estatística foi de 5% (p

In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of insecticides sprayed by contact as well as seeds treatment for controlling the burrower bug Cyrtomenus mirabilis (Perti, 1830) (Hemiptera: Cydnidae) under laboratory conditions. In the first experiment, the insecticides were sprayed onto the insects (direct contact). Insect mortality evaluation started 24h after insecticide application and repeated every two days up to 20 days. In the second experiment, peanut seeds were treated with insecticides. The mortality of insects was evaluated at 10, 15, and 20 days after installation. The mixture of fipronil and alpha-cypermethrin in direct contact was the most efficient treatment to control nymphs and adults of C. mirabilis. Regarding the seed treatment, fipronil was the most efficient for controlling adults of C. mirabilis while for nymphs, all insecticides were highly effective.

The green belly stink bug, Diceraeus furcatus (Fabricius, 1775) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) is an emergent Neotropical crop pest, whose status has progressively changed in the last few years. Diceraeus furcatus is a polyphagous stink bug and its feeding behavior damages corn seedlings, wheat and oat spikes, and soybean pods, causing economic losses. Establishing stock populations of D. furcatus is difficult, and a suitable rearing method is lacking. The establishment of stock colonies is essential to study many aspects of a species, especially economically important ones. In this paper, a method to keep viable stock populations of D. furcatus in the laboratory is described. The periodic asepsis of cages (48 hours), periodical change of diet (48 hours), and mixed diet consisting of bean pods plus peanut and soybean grains, allowed us to obtain adequate biological parameters and population increase of this species. Fertility (251 eggs/female), fecundity (225.91 nymphs/female), and R0 (43 times of increase) show a consistent increase in the population. Additionally, adult survivorship/longevity and weight support the suitability of the method applied. The establishment of stock populations is the first step for a mass-rearing method that is essential to the development of biological control programs and other studies on this emergent pest.

Background: Ventricular and supraventricular premature complexes (PC) are frequent and usually symptomatic. According to a previous study, magnesium pidolate (MgP) administration to symptomatic patients can improve the PC density and symptoms. Objective: To assess the late follow-up of that clinical intervention in patients treated with MgP or placebo. Methods: In the first phase of the study, 90 symptomatic and consecutive patients with PC were randomized (double-blind) to receive either MgP or placebo for 30 days. Monthly follow-up visits were conducted for 15 months to assess symptoms and control electrolytes. 24-hour Holter was performed twice, regardless of symptoms, or whenever symptoms were present. In the second phase of the study, relapsing patients, who had received MgP or placebo (crossing-over) in the first phase, were treated with MgP according to the same protocol. Results: Of the 45 patients initially treated with MgP, 17 (37.8%) relapsed during the 15-month follow-up, and the relapse time varied. Relapsing patients treated again had a statistically significant reduction in the PC density of 138.25/hour (p < 0.001). The crossing-over patients reduced it by 247/hour (p < 0.001). Patients who did not relapse, had a low PC frequency (3 PC/hour). Retreated patients had a 76.5% improvement in symptom, and crossing-over patients, 71.4%. Conclusion: Some patients on MgP had relapse of symptoms and PC, indicating that MgP is neither a definitive nor a curative treatment for late follow-up. However, improvement in the PC frequency and symptoms was observed in the second phase of treatment, similar to the response in the first phase of treatment.

FUNDAMENTO: As extrassístoles ventriculares e supraventriculares (EV e ESSV) são frequentes e muitas vezes sintomáticas. O íon magnésio (Mg) desempenha um papel importante na fisiologia do potencial de ação transmembrana celular e do ritmo cardíaco. OBJETIVO: Avaliar se a administração do pidolato de magnésio (PMg) em pacientes com EV e ESSV tem desempenho superior ao uso do placebo (P) na melhora dos sintomas e densidade das extrassístoles (DES). MÉTODOS: Estudo duplo-cego, randomizado, com 60 pacientes sintomáticos consecutivos, com mais de 240/EV ou ESSV ao Holter de 24 horas e selecionados para receber P ou PMg. Para avaliar a melhora da sintomatologia, foi feito um questionário categórico e específico de sintomas relacionados às extrassístoles. Após o tratamento, foi considerada significante uma redução de mais de 70% na DES por hora. A dose do PMg foi de 3,0 g/dia por 30 dias, equivalente a 260 mg do elemento Mg. Nenhum paciente tinha cardiopatia estrutural ou insuficiência renal. RESULTADOS: Dos 60 pacientes estudados, 33 eram do sexo feminino (55%). A faixa etária variou de 16 a 70 anos. No grupo PMg, 76,6% dos pacientes tiveram redução maior que 70%, 10% deles maior que 50% e somente 13,4% tiveram redução menor que 50% na DES. No grupo P, 40% dos pacientes tiveram melhora de apenas 30% na frequência de extrassístoles (p < 0,001). A melhora dos sintomas foi alcançada em 93,3% dos pacientes do grupo PMg, comparada com somente 16,7% do grupo P (p < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO: A suplementação de Mg via oral reduziu a DES, resultando em melhora dos sintomas.BACKGROUND: Premature ventricular and supraventricular complexes (PVC and PsVC) are frequent and often symptomatic. The magnesium (Mg) ion plays a role in the physiology of cell membranes and cardiac rhythm. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated whether the administration of Mg Pidolate (MgP) in patients with PVC and PsVC is superior to placebo (P) in improving symptoms and arrhythmia frequency. METHODS: Randomized double-blind study with 60 consecutive symptomatic patients with more than 240 PVC or PsVC on 24-hour Holter monitoring who were selected to receive placebo or MgP. To evaluate symptom improvement, a categorical and a specific questionnaire for symptoms related to PVC and PsVC was made. Improvement in premature complex density (PCD) per hour was considered significant if percentage reduction was >70% after treatment. The dose of MgP was 3.0 g/day for 30 days, equivalent to 260mg of Mg element. None of the patients had structural heart disease or renal failure. RESULTS: Of the 60 patients, 33 were female (55%). Ages ranged from 16 to 70 years old. In the MgP group, 76.6% of patients had a PCD reduction >70%, 10% of them >50% and only 13.4%

Seis novas espécies de Chinavia Orian, 1965 são descritas: Chinavia vanduzeei sp. nov., do Peru (Madre Dios) e Brasil (Pará); Chinavia schuhi sp. nov., do Peru (Loreto), Colombia (Bolívar) e Brazil (Amazonas); Chinavia sebastiaoi sp. nov., do Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul), Bolivia (La Paz e Santa Cruz) e Paraguai (Carumbé); Chinavia cearensis sp. nov., Chinavia tuiucauna e Chinavia rufitibia sp. nov., do Brasil (Ceará, Bahia e Paraná, respectivamente). São fornecidas características diagnósticas de cada espécie.Six new species of Chinavia Orian, 1965 are described: Chinavia vanduzeei sp. nov., from Peru (Madre Dios) and Brazil (Pará); Chinavia schuhi sp. nov., from Peru (Loreto), Colombia (Bolívar) and Brazil (Amazonas); Chinavia sebastiaoi sp. nov., from Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul), Bolivia (La Paz and Santa Cruz) and Paraguai (Carumbé); Chinavia cearensis sp. nov., Chinavia tuiucauna sp. nov., and Chinavia rufitibia sp. nov., from Brazil (Ceará, Bahia and Paraná, respectively). Diagnoses to each species are given.

Abstract Background and objective: There are few data defining the period of time in which preoperative tests can be considered valid. The purpose of this study was to determine the likelihood of changes in the results of preoperative tests previously normal in relation to time, and the impact of these changes on postoperative outcomes. Methods: A total of 970 patients with normal preoperative tests before the first surgery and who required a new intervention were included. The preoperative tests performed for the first procedure were compared with those performed for the second procedure. The following variables were assessed regarding their potential to induce changes in test results: sex, age, surgical risk, previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy, and presence of comorbidities. In-hospital outcomes were analyzed. Results: The median time between procedures was 27 months (6–84). The probability of change in at least one of the preoperative exams was 1.7% (95% CI: 0.5–2.9), 3.6% (95% CI: 1.8–5.4), and 6.4% (95% CI: 3.9–8.9) during the 12, 24, and 36-month intervals, respectively, for patients aged

Resumo Justificativa e objetivo Existem poucos dados que delimitam o período de tempo em que os exames pré‐operatórios podem ser considerados válidos. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a probabilidade de mudanças nos resultados de exames pré‐operatórios previamente normais em relação ao tempo e o impacto dessas alterações nos desfechos pós‐operatórios. Métodos Foram incluídos 970 pacientes com exames pré‐operatórios normais antes da primeira cirurgia e que requereram uma nova intervenção. Os exames pré‐operatórios feitos para o primeiro procedimento foram comparados com aqueles feitos para o segundo procedimento. As seguintes variáveis foram analisadas em relação ao seu potencial para induzir alterações nos resultados dos exames: sexo, idade, risco cirúrgico, quimioterapia ou radioterapia prévia e presença de comorbidades. Desfechos intra‐hospitalares foram analisados. Resultados A mediana temporal entre os procedimentos foi de 27 meses (6‐84). A probabilidade de alteração em pelo menos um dos exames pré‐operatórios foi de 1,7% (IC 95%: 0,5‐2,9), 3,6% (IC 95%: 1,8‐5,4) e 6,4% (IC 95%: 3,9‐8,9) nos intervalos 12, 24 e 36 meses, respectivamente, para pacientes < 50 anos e 2,1% (IC 95%: 0,7‐3,5), 9,2% (IC 95%: 5,9‐12,5) e 13,4% (IC 95%: 9,3‐17,5), respectivamente, para pacientes ≥ 50 anos. Idade ( p = 0,009), risco cirúrgico ( p < 0,001), quimioterapia ( p = 0,001), radioterapia ( p = 0,012) e presença de comorbidades ( p < 0,001) estavam associadas com a probabilidade de mudanças nos resultados dos exames. Alterações nos exames não se associaram significativamente a desfechos intra‐hospitalares adversos ( p = 0,426). Conclusão Para pacientes submetidos a um segundo procedimento cirúrgico, a probabilidade de alteração nos exames pré‐operatórios previamente normais é baixa durante os primeiros anos após a primeira intervenção cirúrgica e quando ocorreram mudanças não afetaram adversamente os desfechos pós‐operatórios intra‐hospitalares. Background and objective There are few data defining the period of time in which preoperative tests can be considered valid. The purpose of this study was to determine the likelihood of changes in the results of preoperative tests previously normal in relation to time, and the impact of these changes on postoperative outcomes. Methods A total of 970 patients with normal preoperative tests before the first surgery and who required a new intervention were included. The preoperative tests performed for the first procedure were compared with those performed for the second procedure. The following variables were assessed regarding their potential to induce changes in test results: sex, age, surgical risk, previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy, and presence of comorbidities. In‐hospital outcomes were analyzed. Results The median time between procedures was 27 months (6‐84). The probability of change in at least one of the preoperative exams was 1.7% (95% CI: 0.5‐2.9), 3.6% (95% CI: 1.8‐5.4), and 6.4% (95% CI: 3.9‐8.9) during the 12, 24, and 36‐month intervals, respectively, for patients aged < 50 years and 2.1% (95% CI: 0.7‐3.5), 9.2% (95% CI: 5.9‐12.5), and 13.4% (95% CI: 9.3‐17.5), respectively, for patients ≥ 50 years of age. Age ( p = 0.009), surgical risk ( p < 0.001), chemotherapy ( p = 0.001), radiotherapy ( p = 0.012), and comorbidities ( p < 0.001) were associated with the likelihood of changes in test results. Test changes were not significantly associated with in‐hospital adverse outcomes ( p = 0.426). Conclusion For patients undergoing a second surgical procedure, the probability of change in previously normal preoperative tests is low during the first years after the first surgical intervention, and when changes occurred, they did not adversely affect the in‐hospital postoperative outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This paper provides a record of the type specimens of Heteroptera (Insecta: Hemiptera) housed in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP), with information on 65 primary types and 316 secondary types. These type specimens represent 116 nominal species, currently classified in five infraorders and 14 families. The taxa are presented alphabetically, followed by bibliographic citation, type status, preservation method, collection data, and taxonomic remarks when appropriate.

Resumo Fundamento O diagnóstico diferencial de taquicardia de QRS largo, entre taquicardia ventricular (TV) ou taquicardia supraventricular com condução aberrante (TSV-A) é algumas vezes difícil de ser feito na sala de emergência. Objetivo Avaliar a acurácia de um algoritmo novo e simples para a detecção de TV no eletrocardiograma (ECG) em pacientes com taquicardia de QRS largo. Métodos ECGs de 12 derivações para detecção de taquicardia de QRS largo foram obtidos prospectivamente de 120 pacientes durante estudo eletrofisiológico. Seis médicos com diferentes experiências analisaram os ECGs, e fizeram o diagnóstico com base no algoritmo D12V16, que envolve a análise da polaridade predominante do complexo QRS nas derivações I, II, V1 e V6. O diagnóstico foi comparado com os obtidos pelo algoritmo tradicional de Brugada e pelo estudo eletrofisiológico, o qual é considerado padrão ouro. Adotou-se um nível de significância de 5% (p

Poncirus trifoliate is a rootstock that reduces size of some citrus varieties and may allow high-density plantings under specifics environments and management. The aim of this work was to evaluate P. trifoliata as rootstock for sweet orange 'Lima' when grown under irrigation in environmental conditions on Brazil, in the Northwest of State of Rio de Janeiro. 'Lima' orange budded on 'Rangpur' lime (Citrus limonia Osbeck) was used as control. The experiment was carried out under completely randomized experimental design, which treatments were constituted by rootstocks varieties and evaluations times. Plant size, fruit yield, and yield efficiency were evaluated in two harvests seasons. Fruit quality was assessed at four times during 2011 harvest. Canopy volume of 'Lima' onto Trifoliate reduces over 56% and fruits were smaller in size but they have greatest values of total solid soluble. Yield efficiency in these plants was 39% higher in contrast with plants grafted on 'Rangpur' lime. This scion/rootstock combination may allow high-density plantings in irrigated system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There are no randomized studies comparing the maintenance of sinus rhythm after catheter ablation (CA) concerning treatment with antiarrhythmic drugs (AA) in elderly patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF)., Objectives: To compare the clinical results of pulmonary vein (PV) isolation with the second-generation PVAC Gold catheter against AA treatment in elderly people with recurrent symptomatic paroxysmal AF, refractory to at least one AA, and without structural heart disease., Methods: Sixty patients with paroxysmal AF ≥ 65 years old were randomized to two forms of treatment: group 1: CA and group 2: AA drugs. The primary outcome was the AF recurrence-free rate after at least one year of follow-up. Secondary outcomes were: progression to persistent forms of AF, impact on quality of life (QOLF), and complications. The significance level adopted in the statistical analysis was 5% (p<0.05)., Results: The AF recurrence-free rate was 80% (10% with amiodarone) in the CA group, after 1.3 procedures per patient and 65% in the AA group (60% with amiodarone), (p = 0.119) in an average follow-up of 719 days (Q1: 566; Q3: 730). The persistent AF free rate was 83.4% in the AC group and 67.7% in the AA group (p = 0.073) Both strategies showed an improvement in the AFQoL score during follow-up (p < 0.001), with no difference between the groups. Although without clinical repercussions or impact on the intellectual assessment test, 25% of patients in the CA group showed signs of cerebral embolization on brain MRI., Conclusions: Both strategies for maintaining sinus rhythm promoted an improvement in the quality of life of elderly patients with symptomatic AF, with no statistical difference in the clinical outcomes. Additional studies using technologies with a better safety profile are needed to evaluate the benefits of CA in elderly patients with AF.

Background: The differential diagnosis of wide QRS complex tachycardia (WCT) between ventricular tachycardia (VT) or supraventricular tachycardia with aberrant conduction (SVT-A) is sometimes difficult in the emergency room., Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a new simple electrocardiographic algorithm to recognize VT in patients with wide complex tachycardia., Methods: The 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECG) for WCT were prospectively obtained from 120 patients during electrophysiological study. Six physicians with different expertise analyzed the electrocardiographic recordings, and made the diagnosis based on the D12V16 algorithm, that involves the analysis of the predominant polarity of QRS in leads I, II, V1 and V6. The diagnosis was compared with that made using the traditional Brugada algorithm and the "gold-standard" electrophysiological study. Statistical analyses were performed with a significance level of 5% (p<0.05)., Results: According to the EPS study, 82 ECG recordings were VT and 38 SVT-A. Structural heart diseases were present in 71 (86.6%) patients with VT and in 8 (21.1%) with SVT-A. The Brugada algorithm had higher global sensitivity (87.2%), and the D12V16 algorithm had higher global specificity (85.1%) for VT. Both D12V16 and Brugada's algorithms presented a high positive predictive value (90.9% vs 85.8%, respectively) and similar accuracy (73.8% vs 81.4%, respectively) for the diagnosis of VT. Experienced evaluators were more accurate using Brugada algorithm than the D12V16 algorithm, but the accuracy of both algorithms was similar according to less experienced examiners., Conclusion: The simplified algorithm may be a useful method to recognize VT in the ECG, especially for less experienced doctors. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0).

Background and Objective: There are few data defining the period of time in which preoperative tests can be considered valid. The purpose of this study was to determine the likelihood of changes in the results of preoperative tests previously normal in relation to time, and the impact of these changes on postoperative outcomes., Methods: A total of 970 patients with normal preoperative tests before the first surgery and who required a new intervention were included. The preoperative tests performed for the first procedure were compared with those performed for the second procedure. The following variables were assessed regarding their potential to induce changes in test results: sex, age, surgical risk, previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy, and presence of comorbidities. In-hospital outcomes were analyzed., Results: The median time between procedures was 27 months (6-84). The probability of change in at least one of the preoperative exams was 1.7% (95% CI: 0.5-2.9), 3.6% (95% CI: 1.8-5.4), and 6.4% (95% CI: 3.9-8.9) during the 12, 24, and 36-month intervals, respectively, for patients aged <50 years and 2.1% (95% CI: 0.7-3.5), 9.2% (95% CI: 5.9-12.5), and 13.4% (95% CI: 9.3-17.5), respectively, for patients ≥ 50 years of age. Age (p=0.009), surgical risk (p <0.001), chemotherapy (p=0.001), radiotherapy (p=0.012), and comorbidities (p <0.001) were associated with the likelihood of changes in test results. Test changes were not significantly associated with in-hospital adverse outcomes (p=0.426)., Conclusion: For patients undergoing a second surgical procedure, the probability of change in previously normal preoperative tests is low during the first years after the first surgical intervention, and when changes occurred, they did not adversely affect the in-hospital postoperative outcomes., (Copyright © 2017 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Publicado por Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.)

Background: Ventricular and supraventricular premature complexes (PC) are frequent and usually symptomatic. According to a previous study, magnesium pidolate (MgP) administration to symptomatic patients can improve the PC density and symptoms., Objective: To assess the late follow-up of that clinical intervention in patients treated with MgP or placebo., Methods: In the first phase of the study, 90 symptomatic and consecutive patients with PC were randomized (double-blind) to receive either MgP or placebo for 30 days. Monthly follow-up visits were conducted for 15 months to assess symptoms and control electrolytes. 24-hour Holter was performed twice, regardless of symptoms, or whenever symptoms were present. In the second phase of the study, relapsing patients, who had received MgP or placebo (crossing-over) in the first phase, were treated with MgP according to the same protocol., Results: Of the 45 patients initially treated with MgP, 17 (37.8%) relapsed during the 15-month follow-up, and the relapse time varied. Relapsing patients treated again had a statistically significant reduction in the PC density of 138.25/hour (p < 0.001). The crossing-over patients reduced it by 247/hour (p < 0.001). Patients who did not relapse, had a low PC frequency (3 PC/hour). Retreated patients had a 76.5% improvement in symptom, and crossing-over patients, 71.4%., Conclusion: Some patients on MgP had relapse of symptoms and PC, indicating that MgP is neither a definitive nor a curative treatment for late follow-up. However, improvement in the PC frequency and symptoms was observed in the second phase of treatment, similar to the response in the first phase of treatment.

Background: Premature ventricular and supraventricular complexes (PVC and PsVC) are frequent and often symptomatic. The magnesium (Mg) ion plays a role in the physiology of cell membranes and cardiac rhythm., Objective: We evaluated whether the administration of Mg Pidolate (MgP) in patients with PVC and PsVC is superior to placebo (P) in improving symptoms and arrhythmia frequency., Methods: Randomized double-blind study with 60 consecutive symptomatic patients with more than 240 PVC or PsVC on 24-hour Holter monitoring who were selected to receive placebo (P) or MgP. To evaluate symptom improvement, a categorical and a specific questionnaire for symptoms related to PVC and PsVC was made. Improvement in premature complex density (PCD) per hour was considered significant if percentage reduction was >70% after treatment. The dose of MgP was 3.0 g/day for 30 days, equivalent to 260 mg of Mg element. Any patient had structural heart disease or renal failure., Results: Of the 60 patients, 33 were female (55%). Ages ranged from 16 to 70 years old. In the MgP group, 76.6% of patients had a PCD reduction >70%, 10% of them >50% and only 13.4% <50%. In the P group, 40% showed slight improvement, <30%, in the PC frequency (p < 0.001). Symptom improvement was achieved in 93.3% of patients in the MgP group, compared with only 16.7% in the P group (p < 0.001)., Conclusion: Oral Mg supplementation decreases PCD, resulting in symptom improvement.

Adults and nymphs of Chinavia erythrocnemis (Berg) were colected on Sebastiania commersoniana (Baill.) Smith & Downs in the Parque Estadual do Espinilho in Barra do Quarai county, RS, and used to establish a laboratory culture reared on green pods of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Egg coloration is light-brown, chorion is reticulated and aero-micropylar processes are clubbed and white; mean number of aero-micropylar processes is 61. Eggs are very similar to those from other Neotropical Chinavia species, but the average number of 12 eggs/mass is unique among Chinavia species. Nymphs are predominantly black, with the distal part of the head, femur, and the basal part of tibia, red. First instar has the dorsal maculae of the head and thorax in red coloration, and the abdomen with a series of 3+3 dorsal white maculae. Second to fifth instars have 1+1 white maculae on lateral margins of pronotum and 2+2 white maculae on abdome. Fourth and fifth instars show an ovate white maculae in the middle of lateral plates of abdomen. Nymph coloration and the size, number and position of the maculae on pronotum and abdomen are diagnostic to C. erythrocnemis.