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Although the occurrences of the word dream throughout Marcus Aurelius' Meditations are few and brief, its function, pointed out in I, 17 as being a means from which we can receive some type of divine help, suggests that this subject is of fundamental importance for the conduct of human life. Thus, this paper aims, firstly, to analyze the occurrences of the term dream throughout the aforementioned work, and then to compare the possible meanings of these occurrences with the famous dream experienced by Marcus Aurelius as a young man, described in both the Historia Augusta and the Historia Romana. At the end of this journey, the aim is to consider how the emperor conceived the relationship between dreams and human life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article was to identify the personal and environmental factors that infl uence the eminent writer Luísa Ducla Soares’ literary creation. Therefore, content analysis of the personal interview conducted with the author was carried out, as well as information collected in dissertations and publications in digital media about her biography and production. The study was based on the literature about the contextual and personal variables that determine the development of a creative person’s excellence. The infl uence of mentors, the cultural diversity experienced by the writer since her childhood, in addition to her cognitive and personality characteristics were verifi ed. It was concluded that the interrelation of the author’s personal and contextual factors was decisive for her professional creative eminence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The German philosopher Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi (1743-1819) was one of the great representatives in the post-Kantian period of a conception of philosophy as harmony between philosophical discourse and way of life, actions and words. This work intends to show how he approaches the original meaning of philosophy (love of wisdom) and resembles the one who was considered the first true philosopher: Socrates. The Socratic ignorance (non-knowledge) appears as a privileged answer because it is a wise ignorance, that is, it recognizes the limitation of human knowledge and seeks wisdom and virtue in personal conduct and in the practice of life. Jacobi points to the conflict of modern philosophy with itself, that is, of a philosophy that seeks unity and full logical coherence and therefore distances itself from its most proper meaning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inscribed in the theoretical perspective of Cultural Studies in Education, the article presents a discussion about the possibilities of a pedagogical dimension of urbanism based on research whose object of study was the proposal for the revitalization of Cais Mauá in Porto Alegre/RS/BR. In this direction, it is exposed and debated the concept of cultural pedagogies, adopted for the analysis of topics on the proposal website, with approaches to the notion of revitalization in urbanism. It argues about the productivity of the articulation between different fields of knowledge - urbanism and education - for the investigation of cities and the practices that constitute them. Strategies used in the website to guide public perceptions are pointed out, as they teach what would be desirable to improve life in the city. As a corollary, the concept of pedagogies of urbanism is understood as productive to envision a certain way of conducting life in cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this text is to provide the reader some elements for reflection on the concepts of ethics and morality, having a common thread between them: ethics deals with the "self" as it relates to good and fair action; morality operates through concern for the other, since our acts follow socially established norms and rules. The article is divided into two parts. In the first, the meaning of the term ethics will be problematized, giving greater emphasis to the past idea, especially in Aristotle. In the second, that of morality, with a focus on Kant. In the final considerations we will make a confrontation between the two concepts. Whether it is ethical or moral, something is certain: we do not pass unhindered by them; in one or the other, its aim is to soften human relations, making them more cordial and socially just. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Faced with the pandemic that impacted teaching work throughout Brazil, we seek to value the voice of teachers responsible for continuing the educational process via remote teaching. Our focus is on language teachers from different teaching contexts who migrated to remote teaching in the first half of 2020. The objective of the research presented in this article was to investigate how language teachers assess the use of teaching materials and digital communication technology resources in remote classes during the social isolation imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the institutional and personal conduct involved at that time. The research included 130 Brazilian professors who answered a questionnaire in which they expressed their evaluations about the technological resources and materials used, as well as about the implementation and experience of remote teaching in their work institutions. In theoretical terms, we adopt Systemic-Functional Linguistics perspective aiming at a linguistic and social focus, and specifically we use the Appraisal System (MARTIN; WHITE, 2005; MARTIN; ROSE, 2007) to analyze the teachers' sayings. The linguistic analysis reveals attitudes of affect, demonstrating insecurity due to the uncertainty resulting from the moment and changes at work, judgment on the teachers' abilities, revealing a certain lack of preparation for the situation, and the appreciations of the precariousness of available resources and materials, in addition to feelings of tiredness, and anguish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present article we argue that food is a place of truth in the contemporary. We advocate that the idea of "real food" separates food considered "good", "real", "natural"; and another, seen as "bad", "fake", "artificial". Food thus appears as a place of moral choice. This division still creates the myth that it is possible to achieve a better life through food. In order to study this issue, we chose as a corpus of analysis the Youtube channels of two Brazilian chefs: Panelinha, by Rita Lobo, and Canal da Bela, by Bela Gil. Both are adept at the so called real food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article addresses the implication and role of modal/pathic verbs in the construction of promises and their relationship with the superego modalities of adolescence today. Promises are here understood as a commitment made via language and they may be used as effective devices to understand superego modalizations of adolescents. The super-ego, in turn, is perceived as the main (dis) organizer of the drive modalization represented by the verbs. We assume that the verb carries the drive and also assembles the human intrapsychic forum. Thus, to understand how adolescents refer to verbs may help to understand their conflicts with moral and drive which come up in the face of our current culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Confluenze. Rivista di Studi Iberoamericani is the property of Universita di Bologna, Dipartimento di Lingue, Letterature e Culture Moderne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Aufklärung: Revista de Filosofia is the property of Aufklarung: Revista de Filosofia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The pretensions of this work is to present to the lector an aproximation between the moral and the alienation from a dialogue between the young Hegel e Nietzsche. The article general objective is to demonstrate - beyond the filosofical variance - that the Young Hegel and Niteszche have a common critical core about the moral. As a specific objective, the article intends to demonstrate that this moral critical core passes by, primarily, by the religious criticism and, in special, by the alienation phenomenon. Intending to reach the objectives, we will take for basis, initialy, the alienation as manifestaded by Hegel in yours early theological writings, specialy in the works The Positivity of the Christian Religion and The Spirit of Chistianity and its Fate. Relevant is, in the sequence of the work, the religious criticism made by Nitezsche in Genalogy of Morals, since it will enable a joint analysis of the two phiolosophies and will take us to a final outcome where, as conclusion, intended to demonstrate that the effects of alienation in the young Hegel have clear similarities to the effects of moral in Nietzsche. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Classica: Revista Brasileira de Estudos Clássicos is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Estudos Classicos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper aims at dealing with ethics and its applicability to the conduct of daily life in organizations and in the profession. It constructs the definition of ethics, ethics on a daily basis, ethics and codes of conduct for organizations and ethics in the profession. It ends by questioning the role of being a professional and why having a profession. It approaches ethics in accordance with the new moment we live in the infosphere and the behavioral changes of beings increasingly affected by technologies. It aims to lead the reader, both as a citizen and as a professional, to reflect on their behavior and conduct nowadays and calls for more ethical conduct. It is a theoretical, reflective, applicable and qualitative study. It concludes that professions emerge, evolve and disappear with the evolution of society, production methods and technologies. Another conclusion raised from this study is that conduct and behavior change as society and culture evolve, but ethics persist. Researchers concluded through this study that it is possible for people, both in the staff and in the professional field, to have ethical conduct and be prosperous in times when technology and infosphere prevail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The paper aims to point out the anthropology problem and its relation with the practical philosophy in the thought of Immanuel Kant (1724-1804). The work not only intends to return to the central points that structure the pure part of Kantian ethics (understood as philosophy of freedom), but also seeks to draw attention to its impure part, namely the "empirical man" and the "common moral conscience". Thus, while a metaphysics of morals cannot be founded empirically, Kant's position will be that we could at least realize it in this realm, since observed and described, through "the different doctrines of pure practical reason", the conditions under which the "human action of the individual, groups, and species itself" are supported. The full implications of this, however, will not addressed here, but introduced in the order of importance necessary to construct what Kant termed as "a system of freedom similar to a system of nature". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of A&C - Administrative & Constitutional Law Review - Revista de Direito Administrativo e Constitucional is the property of A&C - Revista de Direito Administrativo & Constitucional (Instituto Bacellar) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Trans/Form/Ação is the property of Trans/Form/Acao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present study seeks to reflect on the formation and friendship in the Greek civilization and begins with a resumption of the historical moment that runs from the Mycenaean era until the 3rd century BC Based on this historical period, it aims to reflect on how the people develop spiritually Greek in its various city-states in what differentiates and identifies it from its contemporaries in cultural, social and individual terms. This reflection is structured in the search for answers to the recurring questions in the philosophical text: "What is it?", "How is it?", and "why is it?". Finally, it contemplates training in the different contexts of the polis, with the help of the "Defense of Socrates", a report that strips away some of its facets, from the one that maintains privileges, to the one that fights them in the name of a common good. Greek education was a condition of the Greek way of life itself; it took place in the daily discussions of any topic in life, or in more relevant and specific opportunities, for public meetings, in which the community sought to appease that thirst for self-improvement or remove certainty from error. Its objective was, in spite of the moral and political ills also present in that society, the improvement of ideas, the formation of the complete man and the prevalence of the common good, a prerogative of friendship between the similar ones, the citizens of the polis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O livro de Jay Bernstein é excepcional por sua generosidade, seu compromisso, a paciência de seu argumento e, vamos ousar esse termo, seu humanismo, um humanismo que também apóia importantes avanços no feminismo. J. Bernstein nos oferece nada menos que uma revolução copernicana em questões de filosofia moral, um projeto "imodesto", imodesto, como ele descreve na apresentação que nos fez de seu livro, uma palavra pouco usada em francês, que sugere modéstia enquanto nega. Podemos então apresentar a abordagem de J. Bernstein como um esforço para ir atrás da secularização, ou seja, pensar na moralidade apenas no contexto das relações entre os seres humanos. Segundo ele, uma ação não é ruim porque transgride uma proibição, mas porque machuca alguém. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper proposes to relate religion, education and the economy in Max Weber. Despite not having a specific written work on education, it is possible to read texts like Confucianism and Taoism as an outline of ideal types of education, present in any training system. Weber has articulated these types of education with the types of (rational-legal, traditional and charismatic) legitimate political as well as religious domination. Each type of education develops in students a culture, a conduct of life, or the qualities befitting a type of political and religious domination. These elements of the ideal types of education articulated a religious culture play an important role in the formation of economic systems, especially in a capitalist culture. As demonstrated in Weber's Protestant ethic and the "spirit" of Capitalism, there is a real adaptation of a religious (ascetic) education to capitalism and its culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Educação is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the relationship between trust and friendship network in a cooperative in the metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brazil. It examines the comparison of friendship and trust in the work milieu based on their centrality. It also notes that there are no friendship ties between the executive and the cooperated people in the organizations.

Copyright of Revista CES Psicologia is the property of Universidad CES and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Educação is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This text is dedicated to defend the thesis of the impossibility of morals. For this, it discusses different positions concerning morality, like the naturalistic position of Adriano Naves de Brito and the existentialist position of Zelijko Loparic, concerning to identifying each other from the point of view of the defense of an affirmative position on morals. The purpose of the text is to defend the negative position. From it, doesn't make any sense defending the possibility of morals, because human beings are morally disqualified. It says that, once moral is an issue that ought to be observed by people in all situations, there is no possibility for the human beings to observe moral obligations. What determines the impossibility of genuine moral behavior is the moral and sensitive worthlessness of the human condition, originally subjected to suffering and countless unfavorable factors to the realization of morals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article has an objective to analyze thematic of body in the space and time of afterworld presented in the text Visio Pauli. We will Identify through places of descriptions like heaven, hell, paradise and firmament how referential corporeal is essential to understanding of this type narrative and how these elements corporeals are intrinsically linked to morals of the time of circularization of this text. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Considering that Psychoanalysis and Ethics are different fields of knowledge, but with an important field of intersection, this paper intends to show, through a systematization effort, that the diversity of metapsychological models present in Psychoanalysis produced not only differences in the theoretical approach of ethics and moral conscience, but also in the clinical objectives of each of these streams of thought. The paper examines the works of authors who determined four main psychoanalytical streams of thought - Sigmund Freud, Melanie Klein, Heinz Hartmann e Jacques Lacan - a systematization that will be briefly presented, pointing out the respective clinical implications of these discourses. From each of these authors' discourse on ethics and moral conscience, this paper presents some comments on the place of the other in the work of each of these authors [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay presents and discusses the different configurations of otherness and their implications for a concept of ethics implicit in Freudian thought. It starts with a paradox: if much of the Freudian discourse suggests an ethics close to common sense and takes it mostly in the field of moral conscience development, how can one speak of psychoanalysis' originality in addressing the ethical problem? The answer is not obvious in the theory's manifest discourse, but in its latent content. It is proposed that the problem of ethics in Freud should be related to how the other takes place in the subjective constitution. Starting from some theoretical considerations on the field of otherness and ethics in psychoanalysis, one argues that the most superficial Freudian position is that of an intrapsychic intersubjectivity, where the psychic representation tends to minimize the role of the other in the constitution of subjectivity, since the object is the most contingent and less certain attribute of the instinctual impulses. The role of the other can only be properly addressed with the development of the concepts of narcissism, identification, and death instinct. These developments point towards the traumatic and trans-subjective intersubjectivities, which in turn point towards two different ethical positions: those of responsibility and care [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Religião e Sociedade is the property of Instituto de Estudos da Religiao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We present the criticisms by Nietzsche of the modern concept of "progress", understood as an improvement in the human condition in its material and moral perspective, and of the way such concept was revealed in the philosophical interpretation of history and in the development of modern technologies as an extension of Christian morality. To Nietzsche, the idea of progress is a fable resulting from a poor existential interpretation of life, as such a concept does not necessarily represent a vital development and improvement of the creative forces of human beings, meaning perhaps their organic decline and a valuative distancing from the immanent experience of existence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]