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Arthropods, especially insects, are highly sensitive to environmental changes and are considered excellent bioindicators. Therefore, the objective of this research was to know the entomofauna of beetles bioindicators of a forest fragment in the municipality of Abaetetuba-PA and to evaluate the environmental quality of this fragment according to the characteristics of the individuals collected. To collect the specimens, pitfall traps were used as a passive collection method and an entomological net as an active collection method. The sampling effort lasted six months, totaling 21 collections by each method. It was possible to collect specimens from 8 different families, of which six are considered environmental indicators (Curculionidae, Carabidae, Coccinellidae, Scarabaeidae, Cerambycidae and Chrysomelidae), with the Scarabaeidae family (52.87%) being the most abundant. The presence of bioindicator families point to the existence of degradation at the site, but do not show signs of severe environmental disturbance, in addition to indicating a possible recovery of the border vegetation, with a tendency to increase the complexity of the ecosystem. Thus, the study will contribute to future environmental monitoring actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Entomofauna occurrence may indicate the environmental quality of an ecosystem and may predict population outbreaks of harmful insects or vegetal stress conditions. Current analysis investigates the fluctuations of wood-degrading coleoptera in a fragment of the Atlantic Rainforest and in two populational groups of Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake, with or without burning. Experiment was conducted in the National Forest Mário Xavier, in Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between August 2011 and August 2012. Impact traps Carvalho-47 were used, at 1.20 m above ground level, and at a distance of 50 meters one from another, with three traps in each area, totaling nine traps. Collections were done once a week, followed by information on family and subfamily for certain groups. In the E. urophylla populational group, with burning, the number of insects captured in the first collections was lower than other evaluated environments. However, seven months after burning, a higher number was reported when compared to the others, especially for the subfamily Scolytinae. In the beetle group E. urophylla without the occurrence of fire, a higher number of individuals occurred, especially for the subfamily Scolytinae. Fire influences the coleoptera group with a change of occurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar a germinação de sementes de Senegalia polyphylla (DC.) Britton & Rose (Fabaceae) atacadas por bruquíneos (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae). Frutos dessa espécie foram coletados em São Gonçalo do Rio Preto, MG. As sementes indenes e as danificadas por bruquíneos foram submetidas aos testes de germinação em cinco tratamentos, com 100 sementes cada. O melhor percentual de germinação foi obtido nas sementes sadias e lixadas. As sementes sadias embebidas em água apresentaram baixo percentual de germinação. O ataque de bruquíneos proporcionou redução na taxa de germinação, mas não impediu que esse processo ocorresse nas sementes danificadas. The objective of this work was to analyze seeds germination of Senegalia polyphylla (DC.) Britton & Rose (Fabaceae) attacked by bruchid beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae. Fruits of this species were collected in São Gonçalo do Rio Preto, Minas Gerais State. The indene and bruchid-damaged seeds were submitted to germination tests in five treatments, with 100 seeds each. The best percentage of germination was obtained in healthy and sanded seeds. Healthy seeds imbibed in water had a low percentage of germination. Bruquids attack provided a reduction in germination rate, however they did not prevent this process from occurring in damaged seeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lesser mealworm control is mostly made by insecticides, as the association of chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin and citronellal. The traditional insecticide application method (TRADM) depends on many liters of water and, with the objective of reducing water consumption, the aim was to compare TRADM with atomizer-equipment method (ATOMM). Four and three houses from farm A and B were used, respectively. Houses 1, 3 and 7 were treated with TRADM (1 liter of insecticide diluted in 500 liters of water) and houses 2, 4, 5 and 6 with ATOMM (1 liter of insecticide diluted in 9 liters of water). Twenty-four hours before and 30 (for farm A) and 45 days (for farm B) after the insecticide application, the number of insects was counted in each house (using 18 mapped traps/house). Farms were not considered different (p>0.05) and comparison was made between the houses. Houses were different (p<0.001) in the pre-treatment count, but they were equal in the second count (p=0.97). The insecticide application increased the number of traps without any insect (p<0.0001). In conclusion, the application method of chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, and citronellal insecticide using atomizer equipment presented similar results than using the traditional application method. Both methods were effective in reducing the infestation of all houses, not making any difference if the dilution of the product was in 500 liters or in 9 liters of water; thus, it is possible to spend less water to run this management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Little is known about the ecology of Victoria amazonica outside its native area and there is lack of studies on its reproduction and management in ex situ conditions, so the aim of this study was to determine the fauna of beetles trapped inside flowers of V. amazonica grown in the Municipal Botanical Garden of Bauru/SP and evaluate the efficiency of these as pollinators. Beetles inside the flowers were monitored through focal observation, and fruit production efficiency and seed viability were tested. Beetles Cyclocephala epistomalis Bates, 1888 were found trapped inside the floral chambers, being the first record of this species in the state of São Paulo. The fruit production occurred only in the flowers that had beetles trapped inside the floral chambers, and of the 20 flowers observed, only 10 had beetles and 9 produced viable fruits with 335.88 seeds on average, hich exhibited 88% of germination rate. Due to the behavior of the beetles, higher number of seeds per fruit and high germination rate, it can be inferred that the beetles behaved as effective pollinators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Passalidae fauna is poorly known in the southeasternof Brazil, a region with Atlantic Forest thatincludes typical tropical phyto-physiognomies of the Brasilian coast, with distinctive geology and geography. This is the first study in seven areas of conservation of the Atlantic Forest of Southeastern Brazil, and intends to list the species of Passalinae. Actually, the diversity of Passalidae fauna from southeastern of Brazil increase to 44 species, of which 30 were collected and are accurately recorded in remnants of Atlantic Forest biome. Passalus (Pertinax) convexus Dalman, 1817, Passalus (Passalus) denticollis Kaup, 1869 and Passalus (Passalus) punctiger Lepeletier & Serville, 1825 were the most abundant, representing over 49% of individuals. Passalus (Pertinax) convexus is one of the most typical species from the Atlantic Forest biome in the Southeast. Based on a large sample of material examined from several institutions, we found 25 new locations, 11 new records for the states of Brazil and seven records to other countries in South America, promoting additions to the distribution of species in Southeast Brazil. Passalus nasutus Percheron, 1835 have new unambiguous comemmts to elucidate Passalus (Passalus) curtus Kaup, 1869, where the former species is restricted to Brazil and the latter is restricted to Colombia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beetles belonging to the superfamily Scarabaeoidea occupy different habitats, present feeding habits diversified, play an important ecological role and several species have agricultural importance. However, studies with this group in the Brazilian Cerrado are scarce. In this review we carried out a survey of scientific articles published in the past 30 years concerning Scarabaeoidea in the Cerrado. Were found 64 studies in nine Brazilian states. The studies focused on four main topics: pest species, bioecology, biodiversity and ecological importance, techniques and methodologies for collecting Scarabaeoidea. The results of this review indicate that few studies have been conducted with Scarabaeoidea in the Cerrado in recent decades compared to the importance and diversity of this group of insects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to evaluate the effects of damages caused by Heilipodus naevulus Mann. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to the development of eucalyptus young plantation, and to record, for the first time, the occurrence on Espírito Santo State, Brazil. The critical period of occurrence was observed between October to December according with rain regime. The damages caused by the pest reduced the development and quality of eucalyptus trees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research was to determine the sample size (number of insects) to estimate the average duration for larval, pupal and larval + pupal periods for M. ochroloma and M. semilaevis. Adults of both species were collected at a 0.25ha experimental area of forage turnip (Raphanus sativus L.) and for laboratory rearing (temperature 25±2°C, relative humidity 60±10% and photoperíod 12 hours). Afterwards larval, pupal and larval + pupal periods were measured, in days, of 119 and 81 insects, respectively, M. ochroloma and M. semilaevis. It was calculated measures of central tendency and variability and determined the sample size using bootstrap with replacement of 10000 samples. For estimating the average larval, pupal and larval + pupal periods, with amplitude of bootstrap confidence interval of 95%, equal a day, 42 and 35 insects are sufficient, respectively for both M. ochroloma and M. semilaevis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to determine the flight height of species of Bostrichidae family, as well as determine the faunistic index of species collected in Tropical Semideciduous Forest, in the period to April of 2000 at March of 2001, in Maracaí farm, located in the municipality of Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Seven heights with 21 ethanolic traps were tested, with three traps by height. The bait used was the commercial alcohol and the collects were proceeded every fifteen days, and latter on monthly. The material collected was identified by comparison with specimens of the Forest Protection laboratory collection, from the Federal University of Mato Grosso. Were collected 141 individuals from five species: Bostrychopsis uncinata, Micrapate brasiliensis, Micrapate germaini, Xyloperthella piceae and Xyloprista praemorsa. The collects of most species of Bostrichidae, were significantly higher at 30 meters. The most frequent and dominant species captured was X. picea. This species presented the higher peak of occurrence in June and February, significantly different from the other species. In the studying period, it was not observed significant correlation between climate and the occurrence of the studied species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oryzophagus oryzae is the key insect pest in flooded rice fields in southern Brazil. Their larvae, known as rice water weevil cause significant yield losses when they cut the roots of rice plants. For the monitoring and survey of the larval population of O. oryzae, on rice fields and rice trials, respectively, are currently used standard samples of soil and roots, with 8.5cm deep and 10cm wide, blown away by submersion and shaking in a sieve with water for the counting of larvae. The visualization of larvae, especially the 1st and 2nd instars, becomes difficult in the suspension formed by the soil samples with these dimensions and the water inside the sieves. Thus, an experiment was conducted in a Typic Albaqualf soil according to the Latin square design to determine a sampling depth of soil and roots that makes possible the capture and display a larger number of larvae in a smallest possible volume of soil, in different rice cultivars. The treatments consisted of six rice cultivars ('BRS Atalanta'; 'BRS Firmeza'; 'BRS Ligeirinho'; 'BRS Querência'; 'BRS Sinuelo CL'; 'IRGA 417') and three depths (3, 6 and 9cm) for removing samples of soil and roots, every 10cm diameter. In the immediate withdrawal of samples, it was announced the number of larvae. Subsequently, in periodic evaluations, it was announced the number of adults emerged from samples kept intact in plastic buckets with water depth of 13, 16 and 19cm, covered by screened mesh fabric. It was detected a significant interaction between sampling depths and the rice cultivars 'BRS Sinuelo CL' and 'BRS Querência' in the rate of infestation of larvae and adults of O. oryzae, respectively. In the case of both variables the number of insects per sample was significantly higher at 6 cm depth than at 3cm, an intermediate in 9cm. It was concluded that in Typic Albaqualf soil, samples (soil and rice roots) taken from a depth of 6cm are more effective to capture and visualize larvae of O. oryzae in suspension (soil and water) formed in the sieves used for counting larvae, and also for the collection of adults of this insect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to record, for the first time, the damage caused by a pruner beetle on hybrid eucalypts cloned trees (Eucalyptus urophylla vs. E. grandis), located in Bahia and Espírito Santo States, Brazil. The specie was determined as Chalcodermus bicolor Fiedler, 1936 (Curculionidae: Molytinae). The female prunes the tree shoot and lays a single egg inside a small hole, just below the incision point. Eucalypt is the first host recorded to this pruner beetle specie. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beetles from genus Oncideres, known as twig girdler, have the habit of girdle branches of healthy trees, where they lay their eggs, to establish an appropriate environment to the development of the larvae. This study had the objective of characterize the injuries caused by O. impluviata in Piptadenia gonoacantha, quantify and position the eggs incisions in trees of this forest specie. The results showed that 63.16% of girdled branches were located on the upper third of the trees, with average girdle height above ground of 2.76±0.14 m. The average diameter and height of girdled branches were 1.32±0.04 cm and 1.18±0.03 m, respectively. The average number of incisions per branch was 5.9±1.24, which were located at higher frequency on the lower third of girdled branch. Can be concluded that the twig girdle beetle O. impluviata girdle mostly lateral branches located at the upper third of the tree and lay their eggs mostly on the lower third of the girdled branch, decreasing as advance to the upper third of the twig. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is the first record of the beetles attack (Curculionidae, Scolitinae) in neem plantations located in Brejinho de Nazaré, Tocantins, Brazil. The insects were observed on plants between 7 and 10 years old and were identified as Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff), Cryptocarenus diadematus Eggers, 1937 and Hypothenemus sp. Westwood, 1836. The attacked plants showed a growth rate considered low for the region, had a low seed production, high defoliation and branch sprouting, followed by the death of many young shoots and/or the tip of the branch. The insects caused intense gum exudation in the holes caused by them. This problem has similarities with the syndrome called "decline of neem", reported in Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Beauveria bassiana (Bb) of diatomaceous earth (TD) and the dust of rock Protesyl and Rocksil, alone or in combinations, for Alphitobius diaperinus to control. The control agents were applied in dried by mixing with the poultry liter. The concentration of Bb conidia was 0.08% on the weight of the substrate, and for the dust inert were 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%. Twenty treatments with five repetitions of 200 insects were tested for 10 days. The treatments with highest efficiency were TD 1.5% and Bb 0.08% + TD 1.5%, with 60.2 and 57.8%, respectively. Protesyl and Rocksil in the three concentrations and TD 0.5% did not differ from control. For the interaction between control agents no advantage was observed for the association. Additive effect occurred for Bb + TD and Bb + Rocksil at the three concentrations and for Bb + Protesyl at 1.5%. The action of the fungus was reduced in association with Protesyl with antagonistic non-additive effect in 0.5 and 1.0%. Diatomaceous earth, isolated our in association with B. bassiana its a good alternative for A. diaperinus control. Just rock dust Protesyl and Rochsil were not efficient for insect control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this study was to evaluate the population dynamics of citrus root weevils. Samples of the larval, pupa and adult phases were taken every 15 days in four citrus farms in Itapetininga, State of São Paulo, Brazil, between March, 2000 and February, 2002. The emergence of adults was evaluated in cages under plant canopy and the adult population at plant canopy with a beating cloth; larvae and the pupae in ditches opened in the soil, under plant crowns. Based on the population dynamics, the insects are univoltine. Most adults emerged from October to April, with peaks at the beginning of the period. Species Parapantomorus fluctuosus (Boheman), Naupactus cervinus Boheman and Naupactus versatilis Hustache were more frequent in Itapetininga, SP, although the peaks and times were different. Larvae occurred almost during the whole year, with population peaks from June to January. The number of curculionids was lower in the second year of the study for all insect phases, probably due to drought. Adults and larvae sampled, with beating cloths and in cages, could be used to detect, quantify and predict the occurrence of citrus root weevils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the importance of Microtheca ochroloma (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) as an insect-pest of Brassicaceae and to the lack of data regarding its natural enemies, the present research aims to report the first occurrence of Stiretrus decastigmus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) preying M. ochroloma in Brassica chinensis L., at Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil (latitude: 29°43'28"S, longitude: 53°43'19"O, height: 95m). The collecting methodology and morphologic characteristics of the insects found were also described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to report the attack of larvae Diloboderus abderus Sturm, 1826 (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae) on seedlings of eucalyptus hybrid ( Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla), on the farm Bazana, in Manoel Viana, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. This pest consumed the bark of the ground, which caused the 'girdling' of seedlings. The mortality rate was 30%, in 40ha. No previous report was found in the literature regarding the occurrence of damages of Diloboderus abderus on eucalyptus; thus, this is the first record of the pest on eucalyptus in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]