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Abstract Introduction The birth experience of adolescents is understudied even though they are a particularly vulnerable population to experience a negative birth event, given that they exhibit many known risk factors. Objective To ascertain whether a cesarean birth mediates the impact of infant complications on the birth experience of adolescent mothers. Methods Using a secondary analysis of data collected from 303 postpartum adolescents previously evaluated for depression and post-traumatic stress, we employed counterfactual causal analysis to determine if delivery type mediated the birth experience at different levels of depression. Noted limitations pertain to methodological assumptions and computational feasibility as well as potential sample bias. Results We found that the mediating effect of delivery mode depended on the adolescent’s depression level as well as on the specific operationalization of the birth experience. At low levels of depression, the odds of a negative birth appraisal were reduced by around 30% when operationalized as a single item subjective rating. In contrast, at high levels of depression, the odds of a negative birth experience increased by 80% when operationalized as an Impact of Event Scale (IES) subconstruct. Conclusion Depression level plays a pivotal role in moderating how delivery mode mediates the birth experience. The direction of impact also depends on how the birth experience is operationalized.

This research aims to investigate and analyze the issue of teenage pregnancy, the reconciliation of motherhood with school life and how the school deals with this reality. Data collection was performed by recording interviews with a pregnant adolescent, two adolescents who were already mothers and two public school managers. The results of which indicate that the adolescents knew and / or even used contraceptive methods, but eventually became pregnant, even having access to the information. The school sought to welcome students, including giving clothes to babies, and making other students aware not to discriminate so as to avoid giving up pregnant or child-bearing adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the maternal and neonatal factors in newborns of adolescent mothers associated with hospital readmission in the neonatal period., Method: Quantitative cross-sectional, retrospective and analytical study, with 489 newborns of adolescent mothers, born in 2019 and 2020 in a high-complexity public hospital in southern Brazil. Data were collected through a query and analyzed in the SPSS software using the chi-square or Fisher's exact tests. To control for confounding factors, the multivariate Poisson regression model was used., Results: The prevalence of hospital readmissions for newborns of adolescent mothers was 9.2%, mainly due to respiratory conditions, being the most prevalent the diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis, at 22.3%., Conclusion: Neonatal hospital readmission was associated with prematurity, 1st minute Apgar <7 and maternal origin.

Objective: To validate the content of the tool Event History Calendar Adolescent Mother: strengthening self-care and child care., Method: Methodological study using the Delphi technique, conducted in two rounds, involving 37 nursing specialists. In data collection, from December/2019 to August/2020, a semi-structured questionnaire composed of 47 items related to the two dimensions of the tool: Self-care and Child Care was used. The Content Validity Index ≥ 0.80 was used to assess agreement among the experts. Qualitative elements were analyzed for clarity and comprehensiveness of content., Results: In the first round, 46 items showed Content Validity Index ≥ 0.80. The qualitative elements pointed out more clarity for the adolescent audience. After the changes, the tool presented 30 items. In the second round, the 30 items evaluated achieved Content Validity Index ≥ 0.80. The qualitative considerations were translated into modifications in the content and sequence in the final version of the tool., Conclusion: The validated tool obtained adequate evaluation of the items of each dimension, related to adolescent mother self-care and child care, with a high degree of comprehensibility.

Se evaluaron los cambios en la composición corporal durante la lactancia en adolescentes con condiciones socioeconómicas y sanitarias desfavorables. Se estudiaron 17 adolescentes menores de 17 años, primíparas, sanas, asistidas en la Maternidad de La Plata, Argentina. Las adolescentes se evaluaron en cuatro oportunidades: a los 15 días y a los 3, 6 y 12 meses post-parto, determinando a) consumo dietético, b) actividad física, c) estado nutricional (peso, talla, Índice de Masa Corporal según edad, y composición corporal por suma de pliegues cutáneos), d) características de la lactancia, y e) parámetros de crecimiento del niño. La media de edad de las adolescentes fue 15.06 ± 0.66 años (promedio de edad de la monarca, 11.59 ± 0.80 años). Todas amamantaron hasta los 12 meses, y la leche materna cubrió más del 80 % de la ingesta, con un promedio de 7.06 ± 2.54 tetadas/día. Aunque la ingesta diaria de nutrimentos se mantuvo constante hasta los 6 meses y se observó una disminución no significativa de la ingesta de proteínas, hidratos de carbono y lípidos en los controles del día 15 y los 12 meses, la disminución de la ingesta energética durante el mismo período fue significativa (p< 0.05). La práctica de actividad física en todos los casos fue evaluada como leve durante el período de seguimiento. El porcentaje de masa grasa basal fue 29.85 ± 2.87%, disminuyendo significativamente a los 6 meses (27.2 ± 3.9%; p = 0.02) y al año (26.1 ± 3.9%; p = 0.002) de seguimiento. En cambio, no se registraron cambios significativos en la masa magra. En conclusión, las madres adolescentes durante la lactancia mantienen la masa magra, mientras que el peso, la masa grasa y el IMC disminuyen significativamente a partir de los 3 meses post-parto.We assessed changes in body composition in lactating adolescent mothers living under unfavorable socioeconomic and sanitary conditions. A total of 17 healthy primiparous adolescents under 17 years of age attending the Maternity Hospital of the city of La Plata, Argentina, were followed at 4 time points (15 days and 3, 6 and 12 months postpartum) to assess, a) dietary intake, b) practice of physical activity, c) nutritional condition (weight, height, body mass index; BMI; according to age, and body composition by the sum of skinfold measurements), d) characteristics of lactation, and e) growth parameters of the child. The mean age of adolescents was 15.06 ± 0.66 years (mean menarchal age, 11.59 ± 0.80 years). All adolescents breastfed up to 12 months postpartum, and maternal milk covered above 80% the baby intake (mean 7.06 ± 2.54 breast feeds/day). While the daily intake of nutrients by adolescent mothers was constant up to 6 months postpartum, there was a modest decrease in that of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids 15 days and 12 months postpartum. The decrease in energetic intake during the same period was significant (p< 0.05). The practice of physical activity was classified as moderate during the follow-up period. Whereas mean basal percent of fat body mass (FBM) was 29.85 ± 2.87, and decreased significantly at 6 (27.2% ± 3.9%; p= 0.02) and 12 (26.1% ± 3.9%; p=0.002) months postpartum, changes in lean body mass (LBM) were not significant. In conclusion, lactating adolescents maintained LBM, whereas weight, FBM and BMI decreased markedly from 3 months postpartum.

Objective: to analyze the factors associated with the abandonment of exclusive breastfeeding in adolescent mothers during the first 6 months of the infant's life., Method: this is a cohort study of 105 adolescent mothers followed at the child's 2-, 4- and 6-months of age. The epidemiological approach was adopted, supported by the positivism paradigm. Exposure variables were those directly related to breastfeeding and sociodemographic, family, maternal and child conditions. Data were collected by interview and analyzed by bivariate and multivariate statistics. The Hazard Ratio (HR) was calculated with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI). The tests were performed, admitting an error type I of 5%. The confidentiality of data was ensured., Results: the cumulative incidences of exclusive breastfeeding abandonment were 33.3%, 52.2% and 63.8%, at 2, 4 and 6 months, respectively. The variables that remain in the final multivariate model were maternal perception of milk quality (HR=11.6; 95%CI 3.6-37.5), pacifier use (HR=1.9; 95%CI 1.2-3.3), and time of first breastfeeding session (HR=1.4; 95%CI 0.5-12.9)., Conclusion: the highest abandonment rate occurs before the fourth month. A perception of having poor-quality milk by the adolescent mother and pacifier use are factors that favor the abandonment of exclusive breastfeeding. Determining the factors associated with breastfeeding abandonment may allow their timely management, especially in more vulnerable populations., Keypoints: (1) The highest abandonment rate of exclusive breastfeeding occurs before the fourth month. (2) A perception of having poor-quality milk may increase the abandonment of exclusive breastfeeding. (3) Pacifier use may increase the abandonment of exclusive breastfeeding. (4) Knowing the factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding may allow for timely management of them. (5) Exclusive breastfeeding promotion strategies must be adopted early, before and after birth.

Becoming a mother during adolescence implies huge rearrangements in terms of individual developmental pathway. Using a sample of 38 adolescent mothers from the north region of Portugal, this study aims at examining the importance of adolescent mothers' attachment organizations, assessed during pregnancy, in the adjustment to role changes imposed by motherhood. Following an ecological perspective on adolescent motherhood, sociodemographic and social support measures were also considered. Our results show that most adolescent mothers exhibit a lower level of adjustment towards the new configuration of roles. A statistically significant association between adolescent mothers' attachment and quality of adjustment was found [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking into account the inherent problems concerning adolescent pregnancy and the importance of implementing health actions targeted at that population, this paper aims to identify social characteristics of adolescent mothers who were followed up, during the prenatal period, by the Discipline of Obstetrics of the School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, linked to the Adolescent Unit of Hospital das Clínicas. The sample population was composed of the 81 mothers who attended that Unit during the study period. Information concerning personal characteristics was collected by a survey. It was verified that 76.5% of the young mothers had not intended to become pregnant, but with the support provided by the family and the institution, they were planning to have more babies in the future. The majority of them lived with their partner, who, in some cases, became the head of the adolescent's family. Of the 81 mothers, 39.5% did not complete elementary school; 54.3% quitted studying and 49% did not work. Their leisure activities changed and approximately half of the adolescents stopped participating in any leisure activity, during and after pregnancy. The study emphasizes the importance of prenatal and postnatal care in order to benefit those young women and their children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To identify the associated factors of neonatal near miss among newborns of Brazilian adolescents and to compare their occurrence in young women aged 12 to 16 years and 17 to 19 years., Method: Cross-sectional, hospital-based study, using data from the study Nascer no Brasil ("Birth in Brazil") on puerperal adolescents and their newborns in all regions of Brazil. Multiple and univariate logistic regression were employed to identify the associated factors of neonatal near miss., Results: The following factors were found to be associated to neonatal near miss among newborns of adolescent mothers: public source of payment (OR = 4.57, 95% CI = 2.02-10.32), having to seek help in different maternity hospitals (OR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.05-2.20), and maternal near miss (OR = 5.92; 95% CI = 1.94-18.05), in addition to a record of low weight in a previous pregnancy (OR = 3.12; 95% CI = 1.61-6.04) and twin pregnancy (OR = 7.49; 95% CI = 3.28-16.82)., Conclusion: Neonatal near miss affected newborns of adolescent mothers in both age groups equally. Also, the determinant factors of neonatal near miss can be mostly reduced with qualified prenatal, labor, and birth care.

We determined the effect of calcium supplementation on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) and identified predictors of bone mass changes in adolescent mothers 6 months postpartum. A prospective, analytical, clinical study was performed in adolescent mothers (≤19 years old; n=37) from La Plata, Argentina. At 15 days postpartum, mothers were randomly assigned into one of two groups and started with calcium supplementation; one group received dairy products (932 mg Ca; n=19) and the other calcium citrate tablets (1000 mg calcium/day; n=18). Weight, height and dietary intake were measured and BMD was determined by DEXA at 15 days (baseline) and 6 months postpartum. BMC, total body BMD and BMD were assessed in lumbar spine, femoral neck, trochanter and total hip. Regression models were used to identify the relationship of total body BMD and BMC with independent variables (calcium supplementation, months of lactation, weight at 6 months, percent weight change, lean mass at 6 months, percent lean mass change, total calcium intake). Results showed that changes in BMD and BMC at the different sites were similar in both groups, and changes in percent body weight and total calcium intake were the main predictive factors. In conclusion, the effect of calcium was similar with either form of supplementation, i.e., dairy products or tablets, and changes in percent body weight and total calcium intake were predictors of total body BMD and BMC changes.

Este trabalho objetivou verificar a percepção de adolescentes grávidas sobre familiares e companheiros. Participaram 22 adolescentes grávidas entre 14 e 16 anos. Um questionário específico foi aplicado às participantes. Os resultados mostram que poucas conversavam sobre sexo e gravidez em casa, e a maioria disse que aprendeu no lar algumas informações, mas 40% consideram que nada aprenderam. Houve a tendência de as mães das gestantes serem informadas sobre a gravidez pelas próprias filhas. A primeira reação dos pais foi negativa, mas depois aceitaram a situação. considerou-se que os parceiros tiveram atitudes positivas e se responsabilizaram pelo período de gestação. As famílias das garotas, especialmente as mães, deram suporte à maternidade. com a gravidez, houve mudanças na vida de 68,1% das participantes.