103 results on '"AIR pollutants"'
Search Results
2. Seasonal variations in daily mortality associated with exposure to particulates, in Campo Grande, Brazil
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Raquel Soares Casaes Nunes, José Francisco de Oliveira-Júnior, Marcel Carvalho Abreu, Flavio Aristone, Widinei Alves Fernandes, Amaury de Souza, Cícero Manoel dos Santos, and Débora Martins de Souza
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respiratory diseases ,hospitalization ,air pollutants ,Nursing ,RT1-120 ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Obcjetive: to investigate short-term effects of air pollution, climate variability on respiratory morbidity and mortality from 2005 to 2020. Method: the study was carried out in the city of Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Daily counts of hospital admissions from 2005 to 2020 were analyzed in relation to daily variations in atmospheric pollutants (NO2, O3) from the Aurea satellite column, OMI sensor. Poisson regression in generalized additive models was used for analysis. The models were adjusted for the effects of temporal trend, seasonality, meteorological factors and autocorrelation. Results: there was, in the period, an increasing trend in mortality rates and hospital admissions, with an increase in the proportion of deaths from respiratory diseases in relation to other causes. Conclusion: respiratory diseases are worrying causes of hospitalization and death in the population. The results found are consistent with studies that point to an association between short-term variations in air pollutants and the increase in morbidity and mortality in large urban centers.
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- 2022
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3. Climatologia da altura da camada limite atmosférica na Amazônia Central.
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Alves de Souza, Carla Maria, Quaresma Dias Júnior, Cléo, dos Santos Martins, Hardiney, Farias D'Oliveira, Flávio Augusto, Toledo Machado, Luiz Augusto, Gomes Carneiro, Rayonil, and Fernando Fisch, Gilberto
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ATMOSPHERIC boundary layer , *RAIN forests , *AIR pollutants , *WEATHER forecasting ,EL Nino ,LA Nina - Abstract
The Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) is the lower portion of the atmosphere and interacts directly with the surface. The height of the PBL is a key parameter for several áreas of knowledge, especially for Weather and climate forecasting, pollutant distribution and air quality. In this work, data from a ceilometer located at the ATTO experimental site (Amazon Tall Tower Observatory) were used to obtain the PBL height between the years 2014 to 2020. The results showed that in El Niño years the height of the PBL has greater amplitudes When compared to La Niña years. It was that the month with the greatest amplitude of the PBL height is September. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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4. POLUIÇÃO ATMOSFÉRICA E SAÚDE HUMANA NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DE TESES E DISSERTAÇÕES.
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de Souza Gonçalves, Bianca Regina, Fonseca Rodrigues, Núbia Beatriz, and Ricardo Ribeiro, Christian
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AIR pollution , *AIR pollution control , *HEDONIC damages , *HUMAN beings , *CITY dwellers , *AIR pollution monitoring , *AIR pollutants - Abstract
Air pollution is a problem that has been getting worse in recent decades due to the intensification of industrialization and urbanization processes, causing serious damage to the health and quality of life of city dwellers. Taking this reality into account, the general objective of this study was to carry out a systematic review of doctorate theses and master's dissertations that evaluated the relationship between air pollution and human health in the State of São Paulo, defended and published among the years 2010 and 2019 in nine Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Therefore, a survey was carried out in the banks of theses and dissertations of the HEIs, with 66 works being identified, which were later read and analyzed according to a set of previously established criteria. The work identified a significant number of studies referring to the municipalities that constitute the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (RMSP), the largest Brazilian urban-industrial agglomeration, but also in numerous mediumsized urban centers spread throughout the state territory. Among the most studied pollutants are sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), particulate matter (MP2,5 and MP10) and carbon monoxide (CO). There is an expressive diversity of investigated diseases, which were not limited to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. A significant number of works investigated the effects of air pollution on children and the elderly, considered to be sensitive age groups. Almost all of the studies identified showed a positive correlation between the concentration of these atmospheric pollutants in the cities analyzed, at their different levels, and human health, taking into account the various diseases mentioned. For this reason, the results found reinforce the importance of systematic review works for the production of subsidies that guide the preparation and implementation of public policies for monitoring and controlling air pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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5. Impacto das mudanças climáticas e da qualidade do ar em hospitalizações por doenças respiratórias em municípios da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo (RMSP), Brasil.
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Vassari-Pereira, Danilo, Valverde, María Cleofé, and Farias Asmus, Gabriela
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CLIMATE change & health ,ATMOSPHERIC models ,LINEAR statistical models ,HUMIDITY ,AIR quality ,GLOBAL warming - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2022
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6. Impact of Air Pollution on Daily Asthma Symptoms
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Sofia Farinha, Bárbara Kong Cardoso, Marta Martins, Leonor Campos, and Elza Tomaz
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Air Pollution ,Air Pollutants ,Asthma ,Hypersensitivity ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Introduction: The impact of air pollution on respiratory diseases, particularly in asthma, has been the subject of several studies. The impact of pollution on the daily symptoms of patients with asthma has been less studied. The aim of this study is to assess the association between the intensity of asthma symptoms and the variation of pollution levels. Material and Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of asthma were instructed to record the intensity of their respiratory symptoms daily, expressed on a scale from 0 to 5, in the months of March and April 2018. The website of the Portuguese Environment Agency was consulted in order to obtain the daily levels of pollutants measured by the two local monitoring stations during the same period of time. Data was analyzed using a temporal causal model to study the association between pollutant levels – particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide – and the intensity of respiratory symptoms. Results: From the 135 schedules delivered, 35 were correctly filled out and returned. The patient median age was 47.0 years, 18 being females. The best statistical model obtained identified ozone as the most relevant ‘Granger cause’ of asthma symptoms. Particulate matter, carbon monoxide and nitrogen also appeared as lower impact factors. The quality of the model was expressed by an R2 of 0.92. The correlation between ozone values and asthma symptoms was more significant after five days. For the other identified factors there was a lag of four to five days. Conclusion: In the place and period studied the air pollutants behaved as factors of variation in the intensity of asthma symptoms. The ozone level was the best predictive factor of symptom variation. Levels of particulate matter, carbon monoxide and nitrogen were identified as secondary markers. The time lag between the variables with the best correlation suggests there could be a delayed effect of pollutants on respiratory symptoms.
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- 2022
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7. Estudo da exposição da população a poluentes do ar nos transportes em ambiente urbano: artigo de revisão.
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Margarida Correia, Ana, Costa, Cristiana, Gonçalves, Dalila, Henriques, Gonçalo, Correia, C., and Marta Almeida, Susana
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BUS transportation , *AIR pollutants , *TRAFFIC density , *METROPOLIS , *PARTICULATE matter , *BICYCLE trails , *MOTOR vehicles - Abstract
Air pollution is caused by several anthropogenic factors and has consequences for human health. Motor vehicles are one of the main sources of anthropogenic emissions of atmospheric pollutants. Carbon monoxide, particulate matter, and nitrogen oxides are some of the main air pollutants responsible for the degradation of the air quality in urban areas. The transport most used in major cities in Portugal are bus, bicycle, car, and subway. Through a review of studies from various parts of the world, it was found that the car and the subway are the transports with the highest concentrations of atmospheric pollutants, while the bus was the transport with the lowest concentrations in relation to all the pollutants analyzed. High concentrations of each pollutant are dependent on different factors such as increased traffic density, location of the exhaust pipes of vehicles, the ventilation conditions, wear of the wheels of the rail and the braking system, the proximity of bicycle paths to traffic lanes, among others. It was also found that the bicycle is the means of transport that involves the highest inhaled doses, although it is the most beneficial means of transport for health. It is, therefore, necessary to properly define the location of bike paths and adopt measures such as the use of barriers between the roadway and bike paths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
8. MEDIÇÃO DA CONCENTRAÇÃO DE CHUMBO NO SANGUE DE MOTORISTAS DE TRANSPORTE PÚBLICO NO DOMÍNIO DE BANDUNG, WEST JAVA, INDONÉSIA.
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BAEHAKI, Farhan, FAJRIANI, Gita Nur, HAERANI, Ani, Nurul AENI, Suci Rizki, and SARI, Ayu Yunita
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AIR pollutants , *HEAVY metals , *WASTE gases , *CELL metabolism , *AIR pollution - Abstract
As industrial and transportation activities in Bandung Regency are growing rapidly, Indonesia could be at risk of increasing air pollution levels. One of the air pollutants that are very harmful to the body is lead (Pb) generated from industrial activities, mining, vehicle exhaust gas, and dust from the ground. Lead is a heavy metal that is very dangerous for the body because it is carcinogenic with its activity character as an inhibitor in cell metabolism. This study aimed to analyze the concentration of lead in the blood of public transport drivers who are active on the highway every day and are most at risk of being exposed to Pb. Measurement of Pb concentration was carried out using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Blood samples were taken from public transport drivers at Soreang Terminal, Bandung Regency, West Java, Indonesia. The analysis results showed that the average blood lead content of public transport drivers was 1,032 mg/L. The lowest level was 0.889 mg/L, and the highest was 1,200 mg/L. This shows that the lead content in the blood of public transport drivers is already in excess levels (range numbers 0.800-1.200 mg/L) when compared with the threshold for lead in the blood based on the Regulation of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia (0.10 - 0.25 mg/L) and the threshold value set by the World Health Organization, which is 0.4 mg/L. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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9. Autism in 2016: the need for answers
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Annio Posar and Paola Visconti
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Autism spectrum disorder ,Neurobiology ,Epidemiology ,Environmental factors ,Air pollutants ,Epigenetics ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Objective: Autism spectrum disorders are lifelong and often devastating conditions that severely affect social functioning and self‐sufficiency. The etiopathogenesis is presumably multifactorial, resulting from a very complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. The dramatic increase in autism spectrum disorder prevalence observed during the last decades has led to placing more emphasis on the role of environmental factors in the etiopathogenesis. The objective of this narrative biomedical review was to summarize and discuss the results of the most recent and relevant studies about the environmental factors hypothetically involved in autism spectrum disorder etiopathogenesis. Sources: A search was performed in PubMed (United States National Library of Medicine) about the environmental factors hypothetically involved in the non‐syndromic autism spectrum disorder etiopathogenesis, including: air pollutants, pesticides and other endocrine‐disrupting chemicals, electromagnetic pollution, vaccinations, and diet modifications. Summary of the findings: While the association between air pollutants, pesticides and other endocrine‐disrupting chemicals, and risk for autism spectrum disorder is receiving increasing confirmation, the hypothesis of a real causal relation between them needs further data. The possible pathogenic mechanisms by which environmental factors can lead to autism spectrum disorder in genetically predisposed individuals were summarized, giving particular emphasis to the increasingly important role of epigenetics. Conclusions: Future research should investigate whether there is a significant difference in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among nations with high and low levels of the various types of pollution. A very important goal of the research concerning the interactions between genetic and environmental factors in autism spectrum disorder etiopathogenesis is the identification of vulnerable populations, also in view of proper prevention.
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- 2017
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10. DIFFERENT RESPONSE TO EXPOSURE TO AIR POLLUTANTS IN GIRLS AND BOYS
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Renata Armani de Moura Menezes, Drielle Rezende Pavanitto, and Luiz Fernando Costa Nascimento
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Respiratory diseases ,Child health ,Fine particulate matter ,Air pollutants ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: Identify the association between exposure to fine particulate matter and hospitalizations due to respiratory diseases in children up to ten years of age in the city of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, stratifying the analysis by sex and calculating excess costs. Methods: Ecological study of time series. The dependent variable was daily hospitalizations according to the 10th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD10): J04.0, J12.0 to J18.9, J20.0 to J21.9 and J45.0 to J45.0. The independent variables were the concentration of fine particulate, estimated by a mathematical model, temperature and relative air humidity, controlled by short and long-term trends. Generalized additive model of Poisson regression was used. Relative risks, proportional attributable risk (PAR) and excess hospitalizations and their respective costs by the population attributable fraction (PAF) were calculated. Results: 1,165 children were hospitalized, 640 males and 525 females. The mean concentration, estimated by the mathematical model, was 15.1±2.9 mcg/m3 for PM2.5. For boys, there was no significant association; for girls a relative risk of up to 1.04 of daily hospitalizations due to respiratory diseases was observed for exposure to PM 2.5 in lags 1, 2 and 6. Increase of 5 µg/m3 in these concentrations increased the percentage of the risk in 18%; with an excess 95 hospital admissions and with excess expenses in the order of US$ 35 thousand. Conclusions: Significant effect in daily hospitalizations due to respiratory diseases related to exposure to fine particulate matter was noted for girls, suggesting the need for stratification by sex in further studies.
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- 2019
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11. Uso de Bioindicadores Vegetais no Monitoramento da Qualidade do Ar no Município de Camaçari - BA.
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Ribeiro Rodrigues, Bárbara, Caramantin-Soriano, Hilda, and dos Santos Montenegro, Jemima
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AIR pollutants , *TILLAGE , *PLANT species , *ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring , *AIR quality , *ORANGES , *CARROTS - Abstract
Plant biomonitoring is considered a complementary tool to environmental monitoring, where plant species known as bioindicators can be used in the recognition, detection, monitoring and mapping of air pollutants. In this perspective, the objective of the present work was to identify some plant species of the angiosperm, bryophyte and lichen divisions, which could be used as bioindicators of atmospheric pollution in the Municipality of Camaçari, State of Bahia. The work is a bibliographic and documentary research, whose data collection instruments were based on a literature review and a consultation with public documents such as the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the Department of Informatics of the Unified System of Health (DATASUS), the Reports provided by the Health Department of the Municipality of Camaçari and the publications of the Environment and Water Resources Institute - INEMA The results obtained showed that Tillandsia usneoide, Tradescantia pallida cv, Nicotiana tabacum, Mangiferaindica, Citrus sinensis, Daucus carota, Gladiolus sp and Sphagnum sp would be the most suitable species for the control of air quality in the municipality of Camaçari because of finding climatic factors such as temperature and light more favorable to their development and for achieving greater adaptation and cultivation for soil conditions. In view of the above, we conclude that environmental monitoring through the use of plant species is an adequate method for controlling air quality in the municipality of Camaçari, with benefits not only in economic, environmental and landscape aspects, but also in the planning of public policies that improve the quality of life of citizens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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12. Impacto da queima da cana-de-açúcar sobre internações hospitalares por doenças respiratórias.
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Ramos, Dionei, Paula Roberta Silva, Iara Buriola Trevisan, Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro, Yassuyuki, Guilherme, Iris Cristina Coripio, Aline Duarte Ferreira, and Ercy Mara Cipulo Ramos
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RESPIRATORY diseases ,HOSPITALS ,ATMOSPHERIC temperature ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,HUMIDITY ,AIR pollutants ,SUGARCANE growing ,SUGARCANE - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2019
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13. Poluição do ar e impactos na saúde na Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte - Minas Gerais, Brasil.
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Gouveia, Nelson, Ponce de Leon, Antonio, Junger, Washington, de Freitas Lins, Joana, and de Freitas, Clarice Umbelino
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AIR pollution ,RESPIRATORY diseases ,POISSON regression ,EMISSION control ,TIME series analysis ,AIR pollutants ,SANITATION - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Comparação da Qualidade do Ar em Localidades Industrial e Urbana.
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da Silva de Almeida, Raphael Perciliano, de Carvalho e Souza, Thainá, Quiterio de Souza, Simone Lorena, Monteiro Martins, Eduardo, and Machado Corrêa, Sergio
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AIR quality , *CARBON monoxide , *STATISTICAL software , *NITROGEN oxides , *OZONE , *AIR pollutants , *PARTICULATE matter - Abstract
This study compares the air quality of two locations in the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro, namely: an area predominantly impacted by vehicular emissions in Taquara (TQ), Jacarepaguá and the other by industrial emissions in Jardim Primavera (JP), Duque de Caxias. The data used correspond to the averages between 2014 and 2016 for nitrogen oxides (NOx, NO2 and NO), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and particulate matter (MP10) meteorological data. In order to interpret the results, the language R. The calculated ratio between the two locations for the values of median (JP: 10.7 ppb; TQ: 5.4 ppb) and maximum (JP: 197 ppb; TQ: 146 ppb) for O3 was 1.98 and 1.35, respectively. The importance of the use of statistical software for the handling and processing of data and the presentation of results from air quality stations was presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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15. Fitness centers demonstrate CO2 concentration levels above recommended standards
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Alexandro Andrade, Fábio Hech Dominski, Marcelo Luiz Pereira, Carla Maria de Liz, and Giorgio Buonanno
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air pollutants ,carbon dioxide ,fitness centers ,motor activity ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
This study aims to compare carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration levels measured in fitness centers with the applicable guidelines from Brazil, France, and Europe. Three fitness centers in Florianopolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil (fitness centers A, B, and C) participated in this study. The fitness centers have different physical characteristics and ventilation systems. Fitness centers A and B have split ventilation systems, while fitness center C has a central ventilation system. The air quality was assessed by determining the CO2 concentration level, as measured by a non-dispersive infrared CO2 concentration sensor. Data was analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. All three fitness centers recorded CO2 concentrations significantly above (p = 0.00) the maximum level of 750 ppm recommended by the European standard. Fitness centers A (= 3752.13 ppm) and C (= 1360.89 ppm) also had CO2 concentrations significantly above (p = 0.00) the maximum level of 1000 ppm recommended by the Brazilian and French guidelines. CO2 concentrations in fitness centers were significantly above the maximum permitted levels. Besides suggesting inefficient ventilation in these fitness centers, high CO2 concentrations can impair indoor air quality and increase risks to the health of practitioners.
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- 2018
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16. QUANTIFICAÇÃO DE AMÔNIA EM INSTALAÇÕES DE PRODUÇÃO DE FRANGOS DE CORTE EM CLIMA QUENTE.
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Campos de Sousa, Fernanda, de Fátima Ferreira Tinôco, Ilda, de Jesus Folgôa Baptista, Fátima, Fitas da Cruz, Vasco Manuel, de Fátima Souza Ferreira, Cecília, and Lopes da Silva, Alex
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DISEASE susceptibility , *AIR quality , *FACTORS of production , *AVIARIES , *EVALUATION methodology , *AMMONIA , *AIR pollutants - Abstract
Air quality is one of the most important factors in broiler production. In fact, air pollutants may alter air characteristics, favor susceptibility to diseases and impair production. In spite of the great diversity of methods to quantify ammonia, not all of them may be applied in production units in countries with a hot climate. Studies on comparison, adaptation and application of methods are required to quantify ammonia. Current paper provides the commonest methods used to determine ammonia concentration and emission in animal production installations worldwide and evaluates their application in open aviaries used in countries with a hot climate. Choosing the best method foregrounds relevant factors for the determination of ammonia. In the wake of greater difficulties to determine ventilation rates in open aviaries, methodologies for the evaluation of ammonia emission which do not depend on this parameter are the most indicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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17. Efeitos da exposição a poluentes do ar na saúde das crianças de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil.
- Author
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Blanco Machin, Adrian and Costa Nascimento, Luiz Fernando
- Abstract
Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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18. Effects of air pollutants and temperature on triggering preterm birth
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Santos, Djalma Antonio Almeida dos, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), and Nascimento, Luiz Fernando Costa [UNESP]
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Air Pollutants ,Temperature ,Poluição ,Temperatura ,Poluentes ,Parto Prematuro ,Pollution ,Poluentes do Ar ,Ar - poluição ,Ozônio ,Prematurity ,Premature birth ,Prematuridade ,Trabalho de parto prematuro - Abstract
Submitted by DJALMA ANTONIO ALMEIDA DOS SANTOS (djalma.antonio@unesp.br) on 2022-09-26T16:03:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE - VERSÃO FINAL CORRIGIDA.pdf: 4402977 bytes, checksum: a38564e44a52ecfae0318b1fd01f284f (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Pamella Benevides Gonçalves null (pamella@feg.unesp.br) on 2022-09-30T19:47:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_daa_dr_guara.pdf: 4402977 bytes, checksum: a38564e44a52ecfae0318b1fd01f284f (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-09-30T19:47:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_daa_dr_guara.pdf: 4402977 bytes, checksum: a38564e44a52ecfae0318b1fd01f284f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022-07-18 Este trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar a exposição da gestante aos poluentes do ar em sua somatória de cinco, dez e 15 dias anteriores ao parto, e da temperatura ambiente máxima diária, na defasagem de um, três e cinco dias anteriores ao parto, e analisar o efeito desses poluentes e da temperatura sobre o desencadeamento do parto prematuro. Trata-se de estudo longitudinal, com dados todos os nascidos vivos de mulheres residentes nos municípios de Cubatão, Ribeirão Preto e São José dos Campos nos anos de 2017 a 2019, excluindo os com peso menor de 500 gramas, os partos gemelares e trigemelares, bem como os fetos com mal-formação congênita. A variável dependente, prematuridade, foi categorizada como desfavorável ≤ 36 semanas e 6/7 e favorável ≥ 37 semanas de gestação, e as independentes foram idade materna, estado civil, escolaridade, número de filhos mortos, número de consultas e mês do início do pré-natal. Os poluentes do ar analisados foram PM10, NO2 e O3 com dados acumulados de cinco, dez e 15 dias anteriores ao parto, e temperatura máxima diária, com defasagem de um, três e cinco dias, anteriores ao parto. As análises utilizadas foram os modelos de regressão logística hierarquizada em três níveis: distal, intermediário e proximal, e regressão linear. Foram 55.855 nascidos vivos, sendo incluídos 23.822 (42,7%) que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Foi significativa a exposição materna ao PM10 com dez dias anteriores ao parto, sem considerar o efeito da temperatura (OR: 1,23) em Cubatão, sendo que para os outros poluentes e defasagens de temperatura, não houve significância estatística. This study aims to evaluate the exposure of pregnant women to air pollutants in their sum of five, ten, and 15 days before delivery, and the maximum daily ambient temperature, in the lag of one, three, and five days before delivery, and analyze the effect of these pollutants and temperature on the triggering of preterm birth. This is a longitudinal study, with data on all live births of women living in the municipalities of Cubatão, Ribeirão Preto, and São José dos Campos in the years 2017 to 2019, excluding those weighing less than 500 grams, twins, and triplets, as well as fetuses with congenital malformations. The dependent variable, prematurity, was categorized as unfavorable ≤ 36 weeks and 6/7 and favorable ≥ 37 weeks of gestation, and the independent variables were maternal age, marital status, schooling, number of dead children, number of consultations, and month of beginning of the period. prenatal. The air pollutants analyzed were PM10, NO2, and O3 with accumulated data from five, ten, and 15 days before calving, and maximum daily temperature, with a lag of one, three, and five days, before calving. The analyzes used were hierarchical logistic regression models at three levels: distal, intermediate, and proximal, and linear regression. There were 55,855 live births, including 23,822 (42.7%) who met the inclusion criteria. Maternal exposure to PM10 ten days before delivery was significant, without considering the effect of temperature (OR: 1.23) in Cubatão, and for other pollutants and temperature lags, there was no statistical significance
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- 2022
19. Analysis of impacts of air pollution in human health: Study in the city of Taubaté/SP
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Mendrot, Antonio Ricardo, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), and Nascimento, Luiz Fernando Costa [UNESP]
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Doenças cardiovasculares ,Potential years of lost life ,Ar -Poluição ,Cardiovascular diseases ,Sistema cardiovascular - Doenças ,Carbon monoxide ,Monóxido de carbono ,Poluentes do ar ,Anos potenciais de vida perdidos ,Air pollutants - Abstract
Submitted by Antonio Ricardo Mendrot (ricardo.mendrot@unesp.br) on 2022-08-26T21:18:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 315-8 - REVISADO e COM FICHA.pdf: 1400001 bytes, checksum: dee9c431eb886fc8cb194a6519aba8b2 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Pamella Benevides Gonçalves null (pamella@feg.unesp.br) on 2022-09-08T14:17:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 mendrot_ar_dr_guara.pdf: 1400001 bytes, checksum: dee9c431eb886fc8cb194a6519aba8b2 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-09-08T14:17:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 mendrot_ar_dr_guara.pdf: 1400001 bytes, checksum: dee9c431eb886fc8cb194a6519aba8b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022-06-27 Estima-se que anualmente sete milhões de vidas humanas são perdidas em todo o mundo devido à exposição a poluentes atmosféricos provenientes de fontes fixas e móveis, em áreas urbanas ou rurais. Nesse contexto, a Organização Mundial da Saúde alerta sobre a viabilidade econômica da aplicação de políticas públicas sustentáveis para mitigar os efeitos da exposição populacional aos contaminantes atmosféricos, comprovando o retorno de um investimento atrelado à redução dos custos com a saúde da população. Entretanto, devido à diversidade de variáveis envolvidas na problemática e a sua divergência em cada região estudada, a compreensão dos cenários nos quais serão realizados esses projetos torna-se fundamental. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar a associação da exposição aos materiais particulados fino e grosseiro com os óbitos por doenças cardiovasculares no município brasileiro de Taubaté/SP, por meio da análise da referida associação e da variação dos índices de PM2,5 e PM10, bem como os custos sociais e financeiros dos óbitos prematuros inerentes ao contexto estudado. Os resultados confirmam a hipótese levantada, apresentando um prejuízo de €17.506.500,00 para o período compreendido entre 2016 e 2018. It is estimated that seven million human lives are lost every year worldwide due to exposure to air pollutants from stationary and mobile sources, in urban or rural areas. In this context, the World Health Organization warns about the economic feasibility of implementing sustainable public policies to mitigate the effects of population exposure to atmospheric contaminants, proving the return on investment linked to the reduction of health costs to the population. However, due to the diversity of variables involved in the problem and their divergence in each region studied, the understanding of the scenarios in which these projects will be carried out becomes fundamental. This research aims to identify the association of exposure to fine and coarse particulate matter with deaths from cardiovascular diseases in the Brazilian municipality of Taubaté/SP, by analyzing this association and the variation of PM2.5 and PM10 indices, as well as the social and financial costs of premature deaths inherent to the studied context. The results confirm the hypothesis raised, showing a loss of €17,506,500.00 for the period between 2016 and 2018.
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- 2022
20. Impacto das mudanças climáticas e da qualidade do ar em hospitalizações por doenças respiratórias em municípios da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo (RMSP), Brasil
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Danilo Vassari-Pereira, María Cleofé Valverde, and Gabriela Farias Asmus
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Regressão Linear Múltipla ,Respiratory diseases ,Environmental health ,Poluentes atmosféricos ,Health Policy ,Doenças respiratórias ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Climate change ,Mudanças climáticas ,Saúde ambiental ,Multiple linear regression ,Air pollutants - Abstract
Resumo Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar os possíveis impactos das mudanças climáticas na saúde respiratória nos municípios de Santo André e São Caetano do Sul. Foram analisados dados meteorológicos históricos (temperatura, precipitação, umidade relativa e pressão atmosférica), de qualidade do ar (concentrações de MP10 e O3) e de saúde respiratória (taxas de incidência de internações por doenças respiratórias - TIIDR), relacionados através de modelos estatísticos de Regressão Linear Múltipla (RLM). Dados meteorológicos de projeções climáticas futuras (2019-2099) de três modelos climáticos (um global e dois regionalizados) em dois cenários de emissão foram aplicados aos modelos de RLM. Os resultados das projeções mostraram um aumento de até 10% nas TIIDR em relação aos níveis atuais para São Caetano do Sul no período de 2070-2099. Em Santo André as projeções indicaram redução de até 26% nas TIIDR. A variável de maior peso nos modelos de RLM de Santo André foi a temperatura (-2,15x) indicando que o aquecimento é inversamente proporcional ao aumento nas TIIDR, enquanto em São Caetano do Sul a pressão atmosférica teve o maior peso (2,44x). Para próximos trabalhos recomenda-se a inclusão de projeções futuras de concentrações de poluentes atmosféricos. Abstract The scope of this study was to analyze the possible impacts of climate change on respiratory health in the municipalities of Santo André and São Caetano do Sul. Historical meteorological data (temperature, precipitation, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure), air quality data (concentrations of PM10 and O3) and respiratory health data (incidence rates of hospitalizations for respiratory diseases - IRHRD) were related through statistical models of Multiple Linear Regression (MLR). Meteorological data from future climate projections (2019-2099) from three different climate models (one global and two regionalized) in two emission scenarios were applied to the MLR models. The results showed that the IRHRD will suffer an increase of up to 10% in relation to the current levels for São Caetano do Sul in the 2070-2099 period. In Santo André, projections indicated a reduction of up to 26% in IRHRD. The most important variable in the MLR models for Santo André was temperature (-2,15x), indicating an inverse relationship between global warming and an increase in IRHRD, while in São Caetano the atmospheric pressure had the greatest weight (2.44x). For future studies, the inclusion of future projections of PM10 concentrations is recommended.
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- 2022
21. Association between maternal exposure to particulate matter and premature birth
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Thaiza Agostini Córdoba de Lima, Luiz Fernando Costa Nascimento, Andréa Paula Peneluppi de Medeiros, and Veridiana de Paula Santos
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air pollutants ,preterm birth ,logistic regression ,particulate matter ,air pollution. ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
The objective of this time-series study carried out in São José dos Campos, a southeastern Brazilian city, between 01.01.2005 and 31.12.2009, was to estimate the role of maternal exposure to air pollutants and preterm births. Preterm newborns of mothers aged between 18 and 34 years, with at least eight years of schooling, singleton pregnancies and whose delivery was vaginal were included in the study. Logistic regression was used to estimate the role of particulate matter, ozone and sulfur dioxide on preterm delivery with lags of zero up to 30 days. Exposure to particulate matter was associated significantly with preterm newborns in lags of 0, 1 and 3 days; but no association was found between cumulative maternal exposure in lags of 7, 15 and 30 days and the outcome. Maternal exposure to particulate matter therefore has an acute effect on preterm births in a medium-sized Brazilian town.
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- 2014
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22. Association between concentrations of air pollutants and mean time of hospitalization due to pneumonia in children
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Luiz Fernando C. Nascimento, Paloma Maria S. R. Rizol, Andréa Paula Peneluppi de Medeiros, and Iolanda Graepp Fontoura
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particulate matter ,pneumonia ,air pollution ,air pollutants ,child health ,public health ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
A time-series ecological study was developed to estimate the role of air pollutants in the mean daily duration of hospitalization for pneumonia in children under one year old and living in São José dos Campos, SP, between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2009. Air pollutants PM10, SO2 and O3, and climatic variables were measured by the Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo (Cetesb). The duration of each hospitalization was obtained from the Datasus site. The values of air pollutants and climatic variables were analyzed using multiple linear regression in lags of zero to five days; the dependent variable was the mean duration of hospitalization and the independent variables were the pollutants. We obtained R2 and alpha = 0.05 was the significance level of the model. There were 559 children under one year of age admitted during the study period; the mean hospital stay was 3.81 days (SD = 4.06). The PM10 was associated with length of stay in concurrent days and lags four and five (P
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- 2013
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23. Particulate matter and hospital admissions due to ischemic heart disease in Sorocaba, SP
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Samara da Silva Gavinier and Luiz Fernando C. Nascimento
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cardiovascular disease ,time series studies ,particulate matter ,air pollutants ,air pollution ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
There is evidence that air pollution is a risk factor for ischemic heart diseases (IHD). The objective of this study was to estimate the association between exposure to particulate matter (PM10) and hospital admissions due to ischemic heart diseases. It was a time-series ecological study with individuals of both genders, 50 or more years old, and residents of Sorocaba, São Paulo. The admission data was obtained from the DATASUS site according to ICD-10 (I20 to I22 and I24 to I25.0), for the period from January 1st 2007 to December 31st 2010. The concentrations of air pollutants (particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxide and oxides of nitrogen), temperature and mean relative humidity were provided by the São Paulo State Environmental Agency. The generalized additive model Poisson regression with lags of up to four days was used. There were 1804 admissions during the period. Exposure to PM10 was significantly associated with hospitalization for IHD two and four days after exposure with RR = 1.006, 95% CI 1.001-1.012 and an increment of 21 μg m-³ was associated with an increase of 13% in risk of hospitalization two days after exposure and 14% after four days. It was therefore possible to identify an association with exposure to PM10 in hospitalizations due to ischemic heart diseases in individuals from a medium-sized city of Sao Paulo.
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- 2013
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24. Morbilidad y mortalidad por enfermedades cardiorrespiratorias asociadas con la contaminación del aire
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Brunetto, Daniellen, Loss, Vitória, Zugue, Samuel Spiegelberg, and Busato, Maria Assunta
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Respiratory diseases ,Enfermedades respiratorias ,Infarto de miocardio ,Myocardial infarction ,Poluentes atmosféricos ,Contaminantes atmosféricos ,Doenças respiratórias ,Infarto do miocárdio ,Air pollutants - Abstract
The pollutant gases emitted by extraction and transformation industries, hotspots and vehicle fleet in the cities result in serious repercussions on health, especially in the cardiorespiratory system diseases. The aim of this study was to identify the morbidity and mortality rates from respiratory diseases associated with air pollution in Brazil and Santa Catarina between 2008 and 2019. It's an analytical quantitative study, with an ecological time series design. The data used was available at the Departamento de Informações do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), including all cases of hospitalizations and deaths of children under five years of age, adults over 40 years and elderly people over 65 years, affected by respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumonia and acute myocardial infarction. Prevalence and percentage calculations were used to analyze the data and the basis for evaluation were the effect indicators adopted by Vigiar, recommended by the Ministry of Health. Both in the Brazilian scenario and in Santa Catarina, the results show that the elderly was the most affected, and pneumonia was the pathology with the highest prevalence, with 176.4 deaths per 1000 hospitalized in Brazil and 154.2 deaths per 1000 hospitalized in Santa Catarina. Considering acute myocardial infarction, the North of Brazil and the South of Santa Catarina were highlighted, with higher prevalence, with 129,1 and 128,4, respectively. High morbidity and mortality rates of the studied diseases are related to regions that have a strong involvement with polluting activities Los gases contaminantes emitidos por la extracción, transformación y flotas vehiculares de las ciudades generan graves repercusiones en la salud, principalmente enfermedades del sistema cardiorrespiratorio. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar las tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad por enfermedades cardiorrespiratorias asociadas a la contaminación del aire en Brasil y el estado de Santa Catarina de 2008 a 2019. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo analítico, con diseño de serie temporal ecológica. Se utilizaron los datos disponibles del Departamento de Información del Sistema Único de Salud (DATASUS), incluyendo todos los casos de hospitalizaciones y muertes de niños menores de cinco años, adultos mayores de 40 años y ancianos afectados por enfermedades cardiorrespiratorias como asma, crónica enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva, neumonía e infarto agudo de miocardio. Para evaluar los datos, se utilizaron cálculos de prevalencia y porcentaje y se utilizaron como base para el análisis los indicadores de efecto adoptados por Vigiar, recomendados por el Ministerio de Salud. Tanto en el escenario brasileño como el estado de Santa Catarina, los resultados mostraron que los ancianos fueron los más afectados por enfermedades cardiorrespiratorias en el período estudiado, siendo la neumonía la patología con mayor prevalencia, con 176,4 óbitos por 1000 hospitalizados en Brasil y 154,2 óbitos por 1000 hospitalizados en Santa Catarina. Considerando el infarto agudo de miocardio, el Norte de Brasil y el Sur de Santa Catarina presentaron las mayores prevalencias, con 129,1 y 128,4 respectivamente. Las altas tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad de las enfermedades estudiadas están relacionadas con regiones que tienen fuerte involucramiento con actividades contaminantes. Os gases poluentes emitidos pelas indústrias de extração, transformação, focos de calor e frota veicular das cidades geram sérias repercussões na saúde, principalmente doenças do sistema cardiorrespiratório. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar os índices de morbidade e mortalidade por doenças cardiorrespiratórias associadas à poluição do ar no Brasil e em Santa Catarina no período de 2008 a 2019. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo analítico, com desenho ecológico de séries temporais. Foram utilizados dados disponíveis no Departamento de Informações do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), sendo incluídos todos os casos de internações e óbitos de crianças menores de cinco anos de idade, adultos maiores de 40 anos e idosos acometidos por doenças cardiorrespiratórias como asma, doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica, pneumonia e infarto agudo do miocárdio. Para avaliação dos dados, utilizaram-se cálculos de prevalência e percentual e teve como base de análise os indicadores de efeito adotados pelo Vigiar, preconizado pelo Ministério da Saúde. Tanto no cenário brasileiro quanto em Santa Catarina, os resultados mostraram que os idosos foram os mais afetados por doenças cardiorrespiratórias no período estudado, sendo que a pneumonia foi a patologia com maior prevalência, com 176,4 óbitos a cada 1000 internados no Brasil e 154,2 óbitos a cada 1000 internados em Santa Catarina. Considerando o infarto agudo do miocárdio, o Norte brasileiro e o Sul catarinense apresentaram as maiores prevalências, com 129,1 e 128,4 respectivamente. Os índices elevados de morbimortalidade das doenças estudadas estão relacionados com regiões que possuem forte envolvimento com atividades poluentes.
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- 2022
25. The impact of atmospheric particulate matter on cancer incidence and mortality in the city of São Paulo, Brazil Influência do material particulado atmosférico na incidência e mortalidade por câncer no município de São Paulo, Brasil
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Yoshio Yanagi, João Vicente de Assunção, and Ligia Vizeu Barrozo
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Poluentes do Ar ,Material Particulado ,Neoplasias ,Air Pollutants ,Particulate Matter ,Neoplasms ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
This study aimed to verify the impact of inhalable particulate matter (PM10) on cancer incidence and mortality in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Statistical techniques were used to investigate the relationship between PM10 on cancer incidence and mortality in selected districts. For some types of cancer (skin, lung, thyroid, larynx, and bladder) and some periods, the correlation coefficients ranged from 0.60 to 0.80 for incidence. Lung cancer mortality showed more correlations during the overall period. Spatial analysis showed that districts distant from the city center showed higher than expected relative risk, depending on the type of cancer. According to the study, urban PM10 can contribute to increased incidence of some cancers and may also contribute to increased cancer mortality. The results highlight the need to adopt measures to reduce atmospheric PM10 levels and the importance of their continuous monitoring.O trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a influência do poluente atmosférico material particulado inalável (MP10) na incidência e na mortalidade por câncer, no Município de São Paulo, Brasil. Foram utilizadas técnicas estatísticas para verificar a relação do MP10 sobre a incidência e a mortalidade de alguns tipos de câncer nos distritos onde são monitorados este poluente. Pele, pulmão, tireoide, laringe e bexiga apresentaram coeficientes de correlação estatística entre 0,60 e 0,80, em alguns períodos, para a incidência. Para a mortalidade, o câncer de pulmão apresentou mais correlações nesse intervalo. A análise espacial mostrou que distritos distantes do centro da cidade apresentaram risco relativo acima do esperado. O estudo mostrou que o MP10 urbano pode contribuir para o aumento da incidência de alguns tipos de câncer e pode contribuir também para o crescimento da mortalidade por esta causa. Os resultados indicam a necessidade de se adotar medidas que visem à redução da concentração desse poluente na atmosfera e, também, a importância do seu contínuo monitoramento.
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- 2012
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26. Impact on human health of particulate matter emitted from burnings in the Brazilian Amazon region Impactos na saúde humana de partículas emitidas por queimadas na Amazônia brasileira
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Eliane Ignotti, Joaquim Gonçalves Valente, Karla Maria Longo, Saulo Ribeiro Freitas, Sandra de Souza Hacon, and Paulo Artaxo Netto
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Hospitalização ,Doenças Respiratórias ,Poluentes do Ar ,Incêndios Florestais ,Estudos Ecológicos ,Material Particulado Fino ,Hospitalization ,Respiratory Tract Diseases ,Air Pollutants ,Wildfire ,Ecological Studies ,Fine Particulate Matter ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impact on human health of exposure to particulate matter emitted from burnings in the Brazilian Amazon region. METHODS: This was an ecological study using an environmental exposure indicator presented as the percentage of annual hours (AH%) of PM2.5 above 80 μg/m3. The outcome variables were the rates of hospitalization due to respiratory disease among children, the elderly and the intermediate age group, and due to childbirth. Data were obtained from the National Space Research Institute and the Ministry of Health for all of the microregions of the Brazilian Amazon region, for the years 2004 and 2005. Multiple regression models for the outcome variables in relation to the predictive variable AH% of PM2.5 above 80 μg/m3 were analyzed. The Human Development Index (HDI) and mean number of complete blood counts per 100 inhabitants in the Brazilian Amazon region were the control variables in the regression analyses. RESULTS: The association of the exposure indicator (AH%) was higher for the elderly than for other age groups (β = 0.10). For each 1% increase in the exposure indicator there was an increase of 8% in child hospitalization, 10% in hospitalization of the elderly, and 5% for the intermediate age group, even after controlling for HDI and mean number of complete blood counts. No association was found between the AH% and hospitalization due to childbirth. CONCLUSIONS: The indicator of atmospheric pollution showed an association with occurrences of respiratory diseases in the Brazilian Amazon region, especially in the more vulnerable age groups. This indicator may be used to assess the effects of forest burning on human health.OBJETIVO: Analizar el impacto a la salud humana por la exposición al material particulado de las emisiones de incendios en el Amazonas brasilero. MÉTODOS: Estudio ecológico utilizando el indicador de exposición ambiental, presentado como porcentaje anual de horas (AH%) de PM2,5 encima de 80 µg/m³ y como resultado tasas de hospitalización por enfermedades respiratorias en niños, ancianos y grupos etarios intermediarios y tasas de hospitalización por parto. Los datos fueron obtenidos del Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciales y del Ministerio de la Salud de Brasil para todas las microrregiones del Amazonas Brasilero, en los años 2004 y 2005. Fueron analizados modelos de regresión múltiple de las variables de resultado con la variable predoctora AH% encima de 80 µg/m³ para PM2,5. El Índice de Desarrollo Humano (IDH) y el número promedio de hemogramas por 100 habitantes en la región del Amazonas Brasilero fueron variables de control en los análisis de regresión. RESULTADOS: Se observó mayor asociación del indicador de exposición (AH%) para los ancianos en comparación con otros grupos etarios (? = 0,10). Para cada punto porcentual de aumento en el indicador de exposición, hubo aumento de 10% en la tasa de hospitalización de ancianos, 8% en internaciones de niños, y 5% para el grupo etario intermedio, aún ajustando por IDH y número promedio de hemogramas. No fue encontrada asociación entre AH% y la tasa de hospitalización por parto. CONCLUSIONES: El indicador de polución atmosférica mostró asociación con la ocurrencia de enfermedades respiratorias, en especial en los grupos etarios más vulnerables del Amazona Brasilero, pudiendo ser utilizado en el abordaje de los efectos de incendios de las selvas en la salud humana.OBJETIVO: Analisar o impacto à saúde humana pela exposição ao material particulado das emissões de queimadas na Amazônia brasileira. MÉTODOS: Estudo ecológico utilizando o indicador de exposição ambiental apresentado como percentagem anual de horas (AH%) de PM2,5 acima de 80 μg/m³ e como desfecho taxas de hospitalização por doenças respiratórias em crianças, idosos e grupos etários intermediários e taxas de hospitalização por parto. Os dados foram obtidos do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais e do Ministério da Saúde para todas as microrregiões da Amazônia Brasileira, nos anos 2004 e 2005. Foram analisados modelos de regressão múltipla das variáveis de desfecho com a variável preditora AH% acima de 80 μg/m³ para PM2,5. O Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH) e o número médio de hemogramas por 100 habitantes na região da Amazônia brasileira foram variáveis de controle nas análises de regressão. RESULTADOS: Observou-se maior associação do indicador de exposição (AH%) para os idosos do que para outros grupos etários (β = 0,10). Para cada ponto percentual de aumento no indicador de exposição, houve aumento de 10% na taxa de hospitalização de idosos, 8% em internações de crianças, e 5% para a faixa etária intermediária, mesmo ajustando por IDH e número médio de hemogramas. Não foi encontrada associação entre AH% e a taxa de hospitalização por parto. CONCLUSÕES: O indicador de poluição atmosférica mostrou associação com a ocorrência de doenças respiratórias, em especial nos grupos etários mais vulneráveis da Amazônia brasileira, podendo ser utilizado na abordagem dos efeitos da queima das florestas na saúde humana.
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- 2010
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27. Qualidade do ar e transtornos respiratórios agudos em crianças Air quality and acute respiratory disorders in children
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Marisa Moura, Washington Leite Junger, Gulnar Azevedo e Silva Mendonça, and Antonio Ponce De Leon
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Criança ,Poluição do Ar ,Poluentes do Ar ,Doenças Respiratórias ,Estudos Ecológicos ,Child ,Air Pollution ,Air Pollutants ,Respiratory Tract Diseases ,Ecological Studies ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a relação entre poluição do ar e efeitos respiratórios agudos em crianças. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo ecológico de séries temporais em três unidades públicas de saúde do bairro de Jacarepaguá, município do Rio de Janeiro, entre abril de 2002 e março de 2003. Foram analisados dados diários de PM10, SO2, NO2, CO e O3, e como variáveis de desfecho 45.595 atendimentos pediátricos de emergência por sintomas respiratórios ou específicos por transtornos nas vias aéreas superiores e nas vias aéreas inferiores. Foram incluídas no modelo para controle de confundimento as variáveis referentes à tendência temporal, sazonalidade, temperatura, umidade relativa do ar, precipitação de chuva, infecções respiratórias e os efeitos do calendário (como feriados e finais de semana). Foi empregada a regressão de Poisson via modelos aditivos generalizados para estimar os efeitos dos poluentes e dos fatores de confusão. RESULTADOS: Somente o O3 apresentou resultado positivo e estatisticamente significativo, tanto com todos os atendimentos de emergência por queixas respiratórias como com os atendimentos motivados por sintomas nas vias aéreas inferiores. O efeito foi no mesmo dia da exposição (lag 0). Associação significativa e de sentido inverso ocorreu com o CO e os atendimentos pediátricos por queixas respiratórias. Não se observou resultado significativo com os demais poluentes atmosféricos. CONCLUSÕES: Foram encontradas associações entre indicadores de poluição atmosférica e o número de atendimentos pediátricos de emergência por motivos respiratórios em Jacarepaguá, apesar de os níveis de todos os poluentes monitorados permanecessem abaixo dos limites recomendados durante todo o período de estudos.OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between air pollution and acute respiratory disorders in children. METHODS: A time series ecological study was carried out in three public health posts in a region of the city of Rio de Janeiro (Southeastern Brazil), between April 2002 and March 2003. Data for PM10, SO2, NO2, CO and O3 were analyzed daily and as closure variables, a total of 45,595 emergency pediatric consultations for respiratory symptoms or specifically for disorders in the upper and lower airways. To control for confounders, other variables were included in the model including those relating to weather, seasonality, temperature, relative air humidity, rain volume, respiratory infections and the calendar effects (such as holidays and weekends). A Poisson regression was applied using generalized counting models to estimate the effects of pollutants and confusing factors. RESULTS: Only O3 had a positive and statistically significant effect, both among emergency consultations for respiratory problems and consultations for symptoms relating to the lower airways. Effect and exposure occurred on the same day (lag 0). A significant negative association was found with CO and pediatric consultations for respiratory complaints. Other air pollutants were not found to have a significant effect. CONCLUSIONS: There were found associations between outdoor air pollution and the number of emergency pediatric consultations for respiratory problems in the studied area, in spite of the fact that the levels of all pollutants monitored during the study period were below recommended levels.
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- 2008
28. Queimadas de cana-de-açúcar no Brasil: efeitos à saúde respiratória Sugar cane burning in Brazil: respiratory health effects
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Helena Ribeiro
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Combustão ,Saccharum ,Poluentes do Ar ,Doenças Respiratórias ,Zonas Agrícolas ,Revisão ,Combustion ,Air Pollutants ,Respiratory Tract Diseases ,Agricultural Zones ,Review ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
O artigo objetivou atualizar as informações sobre a produção científica referente aos efeitos da queima da cana-de-açúcar à saúde respiratória, em vista da expansão das plantações de cana no Brasil e no estado de São Paulo. São comentados estudos publicados no período de 1996-2006 que tratam de efeitos à saúde da queima da cana e/ou de poluentes atmosféricos produzidos pela queima. Os estudos sugerem que uma parcela da população - sobretudo de idosos, crianças e asmáticos - tem sua saúde agravada pela queima da cana-de-açúcar, demandando atendimento dos serviços de saúde e assim onerando os serviços de saúde e suas famílias.The article aimed to update scientific literature information about respiratory health effects caused by sugarcane burning, considering the expansion of sugarcane plantations in Brazil and in the state of São Paulo. Articles published between 1996 and 2006, which deal with the health effects of sugarcane burning and/or air pollutants originating from this burning, were discussed. These studies suggest that part of the population - especially the elderly, children and asthmatics - suffers health effects of sugarcane burning. As a result, these people require health care, thus affecting health services and their families.
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- 2008
29. Atmospheric pollutants removal potential by urban bushes: a microscale study in the city of São Paulo
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Nascimento, Ulisses Lírio do, Ribeiro, Andreza Portella, Theophilo, Carolina Yume Sawamura, and Moreira, Edson Gonçalves
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particulate matter ,shrubs ,ADMINISTRACAO [CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS] ,carbon ,material particulado ,arbustos ,air pollutants ,poluentes atmosféricos ,carbono - Abstract
Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2022-04-12T22:09:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ulisses Lirio do Nascimento.pdf: 3968733 bytes, checksum: 996b3f61e96326229ecf877595f8852c (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-12T22:09:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ulisses Lirio do Nascimento.pdf: 3968733 bytes, checksum: 996b3f61e96326229ecf877595f8852c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-12-21 As a result of uncontrolled anthropogenic actions, urban areas experience problems related to air pollution, mainly arising from vehicular emissions. Problems at different scales and scenarios within the same city, which affect health and the local environment in different ways. Understanding the existence of pollutants in urban microenvironments combined with passive mitigation techniques enables urban resilience on a microscale. The objective of this work was to verify the existence and concentration levels of Carbon Monoxide (CO), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Ozone (O3), Sulfur dioxide (SO2), Particulate Material (MP10) and (MP2, 5), Nitric Oxide (NO) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), of vehicle origin, in the North terminal of the Companhia Paulista de Trens Metropolitanos (CPTM) in Tatuapé on a microscale by Equivalent Method. Propose a sustainable alternative for the mitigation of pollutants and indicate the potential that a green infrastructure has as a barrier and filter for these contaminants. In order to understand the potential that a green infrastructure has to act as a barrier and filter for contaminants, computational modeling was carried out with the I-TREE CANOPY program, projecting a green roof with shrubs, over the entire coverage of the CPTM station in Tatuapé and its North and South terminals. After analysis, the presence and concentrations of pollutants were identified: CO 631ppm, CO2 4.573ppm, O3 59μg/m3, MP10 1.398μg/m3, MP2.5 403μg/m3, and the pollutants NO, NO2 and SO2 did not show significant concentrations . It was also verified that the potential of urban shrubs to act as a natural barrier to contaminants arising from vehicle emissions are: Approximately 25 tons of CO2eq per year, and for other pollutants: 5.62 Kg of CO; 30.67 kg of NO2; 305.55 kg of O3; 19.32 kg of SO2; 14.85 kg of MP2.5; 102.35 kg of PM10 annually in an area of 25 thousand square meters. Within the conditions analyzed, this study concluded that there are atmospheric contaminants in the air at the Tatuapé Norte terminal and that the concentrations of CO, CO2, O3 and MP are above those recommended by the Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo (CETESB) and by the World Organization of Health (WHO), and the presence and concentrations of NO, NO2 and SO2 are below the tolerance limits and urban shrubs have the potential to act as a natural barrier to contaminants from vehicle emissions. Como resultado das ações antropogênicas descontroladas, os meios urbanos vivem problemas relacionados à poluição ar, sobretudo oriundos de emissões veiculares. São problemas que assumem diferentes escalas e cenários dentro de uma mesma cidade, o que afeta a saúde e o meio ambiente local de formas diferentes. O entendimento sobre a existência de poluentes em microambientes urbanos, combinado com técnicas passivas de mitigação, possibilita uma resiliência urbana em microescala. O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar a existência e os níveis de concentração de Monóxido de Carbono (CO), Dióxido de Carbono (CO)2, Ozônio (O3), Dióxido de enxofre (SO2), Material Particulado (MP10) e (MP2,5), Óxido Nítrico (NO) e Dióxido de Nitrogênio (NO2), de origem veicular, no terminal Norte da Companhia Paulista de Trens Metropolitanos (CPTM) no Tatuapé, em microescala por Método Equivalente. Propõe-se uma alternativa sustentável para mitigação dos poluentes e visa-se indicar qual o potencial que uma infraestrutura verde possui como barreira e filtro para estes contaminantes. Para se entender qual o potencial que uma infraestrutura verde possui ao atuar como barreira e filtro para contaminantes, foram feitas modelagens computacionais com o programa I- TREE CANOPY, projetando-se um telhado verde com arbustos sobre toda a cobertura da estação CPTM do Tatuapé, em seus terminais Norte e Sul. Após análises, identificou-se a presença e concentrações dos poluentes sendo: CO 631ppm, CO2 4.573ppm, O3 59μg/m3, MP10 1.398μg/m3 , MP2,5 403μg/m3, e os poluentes NO, NO2 e SO2 não apresentaram concentrações significativas. Verificou-se, também, que o potencial dos arbustos urbanos em atuar como barreira natural a contaminantes oriundos das emissões veiculares foram: aproximadamente 25 toneladas por ano de CO2eq e, para os demais poluentes: 5,62 Kg de CO; 30,67 Kg de NO2; 305,55 Kg de O3; 19,32 Kg de SO2; 14,85 Kg de MP2,5; 102,35 Kg de MP10 anualmente, em uma área de 25 mil metros quadrados. Dentro das condições analisadas, este estudo concluiu que existem contaminantes atmosféricos no ar do terminal Tatuapé Norte e que as concentrações de CO, CO2, O3 e MP estão acima do recomendado pela Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo (CETESB) e pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), e a presença e concentrações dos NO, NO2 e SO2 estão abaixo dos limites de tolerância; e, por fim, os arbustos urbanos possuem potencial em atuar como barreira natural a contaminantes oriundos das emissões veiculares.
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- 2021
30. Monitoramento atmosférico passivo de SO2, NO2 e O3 em áreas urbanas e de influência industrial como prática de química ambiental para alunos de graduação Atmospheric passive monitoring of SO2, NO2 and O3 in urban areas and in those under industrial influence as an environmental chemistry experiment for undergraduate students
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Vânia P. Campos, Lícia P. S. Cruz, Eagles M. Alves, Tatiane de S. Santos, Adriano D. Silva, Ana C. C. dos Santos, Angelo M. V. Lima, Carine S. Paixão, Daniele C. M. B. Santos, Denise S. Brandão, Elisângela J. S. Andrade, José I. Moreira Jr., Karla C. S. Conceição, Márcia de S. Ramos, Maria C. G. Pontes, Misael F. do Amaral, and Rosiene R. Mattos
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passive sampling ,air pollutants ,environmental chemistry ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
This study is a result of undergraduate student participation in the Environmental Chemistry discipline provided by the Chemistry Institute/UFBA. The students were involved in the development of passive samplers, a project of the LAQUAM (Environmental Analytical Chemistry Laboratory). The students' residences and other neighborhoods were used to create a passive sampling network, allowing the measurement of atmospheric levels of pollutants in urban areas and in those under industrial influence. The assembly of the passive samplers, including impregnation of filters and chemical analysis were part of the students' practice tasks. The results were analyzed taking into consideration the Brazilian legislation.
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- 2006
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31. Poluentes do ar e internações devido a doenças cardiovasculares em São José do Rio Preto, Brasil.
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ota Mantovani, Kátia Cristina, Costa Nascimento, Luiz Fernando, Soares Moreira, Demerval, Pompeo Ferreira da Silva Vieira, Luciana Cristina, and Patto Vargas, Nicole
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2016
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32. Análisis de los impactos de la contaminación del aire en la salud humana: Un estudio en la ciudad de Taubaté/SP
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Mendrot, Antonio Ricardo and Nascimento, Luíz Fernando Costa
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Potential years of lost life ,Años potenciales de vida perdidos ,Contaminantes del aire ,Enfermedades cardiovasculares ,Carbon monoxide ,Cardiovascular diseases ,Monóxido de carbono ,Air pollutants ,Poluentes do ar ,Anos potenciais de vida perdidos ,Doenças cardiovasculares - Abstract
It is estimated that seven million human lives are lost worldwide due to exposure to air pollutants from fixed and mobile sources, in urban or rural areas. In this context, the World Health Organization warns about the economic viability of applying sustainable public policies to mitigate the effects of population exposure to atmospheric contaminants, proving a return on investment linked to the reduction of health costs for the population. However, due to the diversity of variables involved in the problem and the divergence between them for each region studied, understanding the scenarios in which these projects will be carried out is essential. This research aims to identify the association between exposure to fine and coarse particulate matter with deaths from cardiovascular diseases in the Brazilian municipality of Taubaté / SP through the analysis of the association between deaths from cardiovascular diseases and the variation in PM2,5 and PM10, as well as social and financial costs of premature deaths inherent to the studied context. The preliminary results confirm the hypothesis raised, presenting a loss of €17.506.500,00 for the period between 2016 and 2018. Se estima que en todo el mundo se pierden siete millones de vidas humanas debido a la exposición a contaminantes del aire de fuentes fijas y móviles, en áreas urbanas o rurales. En este contexto, la Organización Mundial de la Salud advierte sobre la viabilidad económica de aplicar políticas públicas sostenibles para mitigar los efectos de la exposición de la población a los contaminantes atmosféricos, demostrando un retorno de la inversión vinculado a la reducción de los costos de salud para la población. Sin embargo, debido a la diversidad de variables involucradas en el problema y la divergencia que existe en ellas para cada región estudiada, la comprensión de los escenarios en los que se llevarán a cabo estos proyectos se torna fundamental. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo identificar la asociación entre la exposición a partículas finas y gruesas con muertes por enfermedades cardiovasculares en el municipio brasileño de Taubaté/SP mediante el análisis de la asociación entre las muertes por enfermedades cardiovasculares y la variación en los índices de PM2.5 y PM10, así como costos sociales y económicos de las muertes prematuras inherentes al contexto estudiado. Los resultados confirman la hipótesis planteada que presenta una pérdida de 17.506.500,00 € para el período comprendido entre 2016 y 2018. Estima-se que mundialmente sete milhões de vidas humanas são perdidas devido à exposição a poluentes atmosféricos provenientes de fontes fixas e móveis, em áreas urbanas ou rurais. Nesse contexto, a Organização Mundial da Saúde alerta sobre a viabilidade econômica da aplicação de políticas públicas sustentáveis para mitigar os efeitos da exposição populacional aos contaminantes atmosféricos, comprovando um retorno sobre investimento atrelado à redução dos custos com a saúde da população. Entretanto, devido à diversidade de variáveis envolvidas na problemática e a divergência existente nas mesmas para cada região a estudada, a compreensão dos cenários nos quais serão realizados esses projetos torna-se fundamental. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar a associação entre a exposição aos materiais particulados fino e grosseiro com óbitos por doenças cardiovasculares no município brasileiro de Taubaté/SP por meio da análise da associação entre os óbitos por doenças cardiovasculares e a variação nos índices de PM2,5 e PM10, bem como custos sociais e financeiros dos óbitos prematuros inerentes ao contexto estudado. Os resultados confirmam a hipótese levantada apresentando um prejuízo de €17.506.500,00 para o período compreendido entre 2016 e 2018
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- 2021
33. Poluição do ar como fator de risco para a saúde: uma revisão sistemática no estado de São Paulo.
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Dapper, Steffani Nikoli, Spohr, Caroline, and Zanini, Roselaine Ruviaro
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AIR pollution ,HEALTH ,LOW birth weight - Abstract
Copyright of Estudos Avancados is the property of Instituto de Estudos Avancados da Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2016
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34. COVID-19 e confinamento: impacte da qualidade do ar interior residencial na saúde dos trabalhadores em teletrabalho
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Ferreira, Ana Maria da Conceição and Barros, Nelson
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Qualidade do ar ,Poluentes atmosféricos ,COVID-19 ,Sinais ,Confinamento ,Saúde ,Patologias respiratórias ,Particles ,Health ,Air quality ,Symptoms ,Partículas ,Housing ,Sintomas ,Habitações ,Respiratory signs ,Teletrabalho ,Pathologies ,Air pollutants ,Telework ,Confinement - Abstract
Relatório apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para o cumprimento do programa de Pós-Doutoramento em Impacto da Qualidade do Ar na Saúde Humana Submitted by Ana Moreira (anadsmoreira@ufp.pt) on 2021-07-27T08:43:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PD_42087.pdf: 1987053 bytes, checksum: 15a662043f104bfe9d84e56981e496f8 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by azevedo@ufp.pt (azevedo@ufp.pt) on 2021-08-02T14:29:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PD_42087.pdf: 1987053 bytes, checksum: 15a662043f104bfe9d84e56981e496f8 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-08-02T14:29:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PD_42087.pdf: 1987053 bytes, checksum: 15a662043f104bfe9d84e56981e496f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 N/A
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- 2021
35. [Promoting Better Indoor Air Quality in Portugal for Disease Prevention and Control].
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Gabriel M, Alves F, Oliveira-Dias C, Pinto M, Monteiro H, Aguiar A, Felgueiras Ó, Marques M, Sarmento I, Rocha Nogueira J, Lopes F, and Duarte R
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- Humans, Portugal, Particulate Matter analysis, Air Pollution, Indoor prevention & control, Air Pollution, Indoor analysis, Air Pollutants
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- 2023
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36. Associação entre a exposição materna a poluentes do ar e parto prematuro em Ribeirão Preto-SP.
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Carvalho, Priscila C., Nascimento, Luiz Fernando, and Nakazato, Lígia F.
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista Biociências is the property of Revista Biociencias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
37. Health, environmental, and economic costs from the use of a stabilized diesel/ethanol mixture in the city of São Paulo, Brazil Avaliação dos custos econômicos, ambientais e de saúde pública devido ao uso de mistura diesel/etanol estabilizada por um aditivo comercial na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil
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Simone Georges El Khouri Miraglia
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Impacto Ambiental ,Emissões de Veículos ,Poluentes do Ar ,Environmental Impact ,Vehicle Emissions ,Air Pollutants ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
In Greater Metropolitan São Paulo, Brazil, fossil fuel combustion in the transportation system is a major cause of outdoor air pollution. Air quality improvement requires additional policies and technological upgrades in fuels and vehicle engines. The current study thus simulated the environmental and social impacts resulting from the use of a stabilized diesel/ethanol mixture in the bus and truck fleet in Greater Metropolitan São Paulo. The evaluation showed reductions in air pollutants, mainly PM10, which would help avert a number of disease events and deaths, as estimated through dose-response functions of epidemiological studies on respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Valuation of the impacts using an environmental cost-benefit analysis considered operational installation, job generation, potential carbon credits, and health costs, with an overall positive balance of US$ 2.851 million. Adding the estimated qualitative benefits to the quantitative ones, the project's benefits far outweigh the measured costs. Greater Metropolitan São Paulo would benefit from any form of biodiesel use, producing environmental, health and socioeconomic gains, the three pillars of sustainability.A poluição atmosférica na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, Brasil, é devida principalmente à queima de combustíveis fósseis utilizados no sistema de transportes. A fim de melhorar a qualidade do ar, são necessárias políticas e melhorias tecnológicas em combustíveis e motores veiculares. Neste sentido, foi realizada uma avaliação dos impactos ambientais e sociais da mistura estabilizada do uso de diesel/etanol na frota de ônibus e caminhões na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Essa avaliação mostrou reduções nos poluentes atmosféricos, especialmente o MP10, o que contribuiu para um número de eventos de morbidade e mortalidade evitáveis estimados por meio de funções dose-resposta de estudos epidemiológicos em termos de doenças respiratórias e cardiovasculares. A valoração dos impactos representada através de uma análise custo-benefício ambiental resultou positiva em US$ 2,851 milhões. Adicionando-se a essa quantia os benefícios estimados em termos qualitativos, pode-se concluir que os benefícios sócio-econômicos do projeto superam os custos mensurados. A Região Metropolitana de São Paulo se beneficiará de qualquer tipo de biodiesel produzindo ganhos em termos ambientais, de saúde e de inclusão sócio-econômica, os três pilares da sustentabilidade.
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- 2007
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38. QUALIDADE DO AR E SAÚDE EM ESCOLAS LOCALIZADAS EM FREGUESIAS PREDOMINANTEMENTE URBANAS, RURAIS E MEDIAMENTE URBANAS.
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Ferreira, Ana and Cardoso, Massano
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- *
AIR quality , *AIR pollutants , *SCHOOLS , *RESPIRATORY diseases - Abstract
The environmental impact of transport is evident in urban air quality. Urbanization brings with it many changes including the nature of the pollution. Each city will have a crucial role to play in minimizing activities that contribute to the destruction of the ozone layer and global warming. The environmental sustainability of cities requires an outside look, but fundamentally an inner attitude in the management of change processes. Air pollution is a health problem with consequences in the long term. The growing concerns about energy savings, led to the need to reduce air infiltration, in order to reduce energy consumption in air conditioning. This decrease, coupled with the entry of new materials and construction techniques, was making buildings more airtight, thus contributing to the reduction of energy losses, however, leads to problems in indoor air quality when the means of ventilation is not are suitable. This study sought to evaluate the season autumn / winter and spring / summer the association between indoor air quality in schools located in different places of the city of Coimbra and the prevalence of allergic respiratory disease in school children. The results reinforce the interest of exposure to air pollutants in children attending schools situated in urban or predominantly urban mildly, for attending schools situated in predominantly rural. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
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39. Poluentes atmosféricos e internações por pneumonia em crianças.
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Negrisoli, Juliana and Nascimento, Luiz Fernando C.
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- *
PNEUMONIA in children , *HOSPITAL care , *AIR pollutants , *ENVIRONMENTAL responsibility , *PREVENTION - Abstract
Objective: To analyze the relationship between exposure to air pollutants and hospitalizations due to pneumonia in children of Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Time series ecological study, from 2007 to 2008. Daily data were obtained from the State Environmental Agency for Pollution Control for particulate matter, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, besides air temperature and relative humidity. The data concerning pneumonia admissions were collected in the public health system of Sorocaba. Correlations between the variables of interest using Pearson cofficient were calculated. Models with lags from zero to five days after exposure to pollutants were performed to analyze the association between the exposure to environmental pollutants and hospital admissions. The analysis used the generalized linear model of Poisson regression, being significant p<0.05. Results: There were 1,825 admissions for pneumonia, with a daily mean of 2.5±2.1. There was a strong correlation between pollutants and hospital admissions, except for ozone. Regarding the Poisson regression analysis with the multi-pollutant model, only nitrogen dioxide was statistically significant in the same day (relative risk - RR=1.016), as well as particulate matter with a lag of four days (RR=1.009) after exposure to pollutants. Conclusions: There was an acute effect of exposure to nitrogen dioxide and a later effect of exposure to particulate matter on children hospitalizations for pneumonia in Sorocaba. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
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40. Repercussões clínicas da exposição à poluição atmosférica Clinical repercussions of exposure to atmospheric pollution
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José Eduardo Delfini Cançado, Alfesio Braga, Luiz Alberto Amador Pereira, Marcos Abdo Arbex, Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva, and Ubiratan de Paula Santos
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Doenças respiratórias ,Exposição ambiental ,Doenças ocupacionais ,Poluição ambiental ,Saúde ambiental ,Poluentes do ar ,Saúde ocupacional ,Respiratory tract diseases ,Environmental exposure ,Occupational diseases ,Environmental pollution ,Environmental health ,Air pollutants ,Occupational health ,Diseases of the respiratory system ,RC705-779 - Abstract
A poluição atmosférica é um assunto exaustivamente discutido mundialmente. As repercussões clínicas decorrentes das exposições aos principais poluentes atmosféricos são apresentadas resumidamente. Os padrões de qualidade do ar para esses agentes, segundo a Agência de Proteção Ambiental Americana, estão descritos em relação aos seus valores primários e tempo médio. Os efeitos respiratórios conseqüentes à queima de combustíveis fósseis e de biomassa são apresentados de forma sucinta visando, essencialmente, a alertar os profissionais da saúde para o aumento da morbidade relacionada com a poluição ambiental.Atmospheric pollution is a topic of extensive discussion the world over. The clinical repercussions of exposure to the principal atmospheric pollutants are summarized herein. According to the American Environmental Protection Agency, air quality standards for these agents are set based on their primary and half-life values. The respiratory effects of the burning of fossil fuels and biomass are succinctly presented, with a special focus on alerting health care professionals of the increased morbidity related to environmental pollution.
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- 2006
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41. Production and Flux of Methane in the Tapajós National Forest
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Luciana V. Gatti, Thomas Röckmann, R. da Silva, R. C. de Oliveira Junior, A. T. Furtado Neto, J. M. S. de Moura, ALIRIO TENÓRIO FURTADO NETO, UFOPA, JOSÉ MAURO SOUSA DE MOURA, UFOPA, RODRIGO DA SILVA, UFOPA, RAIMUNDO COSME DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, CPATU, LUCIANA VANNI GATTI, INPE, and THOMAS RÖCKMANN, UNIVERSIDADE DE UTRECHT.
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ecossistema florestal ,Atmospheric Science ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Chemistry ,0208 environmental biotechnology ,methane emission ,02 engineering and technology ,biogeochemical cycle ,forest ecosystem ,ciclo biogeoquímico ,01 natural sciences ,Metano ,emissão de metano ,020801 environmental engineering ,Ecossistema ,Air pollutants ,Floresta Nacional do Tapajós ,Environmental chemistry ,Meteorology. Climatology ,QC851-999 ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Resumo O metano é o segundo gás de efeito estufa e sua concentração na atmosfera aumentou 259% desde 1750. A média global da fração molar de CH4 atingiu um novo recorde de 1813 ± 2 ppb em 2011. Este trabalho objetiva quantificar a concentração e fluxo de metano no perfil vertical da floresta primária tropical (Floresta Nacional do Tapajós), assim como, determinar a emissão de metano na interface solo-atmosfera durante o período chuvoso e de estiagem para o ano de 2012. Amostras de ar foram coletadas in situ diretamente do solo através do uso de câmaras estáticas e no perfil vertical da floresta em três alturas diferentes (2 m, 16 m e 36 m) e acima da copa (63 m) através do uso da torre micrometeorológica de 65 m. Posteriormente, as amostras de ar foram analisadas por cromatografia gasosa. A concentração de metano na estratificação vertical da vegetação foi de 1,866 ± 0,038 ppm e o fluxo foi ~ 15,50 mg de CH4.m-2 d-1 e a emissão de metano no solo foi 0,45 ± 0,71 mg de CH4 m-2 d-1. Portanto, no período de estudo o ecossistema florestal de terra-firme atuou como fonte de CH4 para atmosfera. Abstract Methane is the second most powerful greenhouse gas and its concentration in the atmosphere has increased 259% since 1750. The overall average of the molar fraction of CH4 reached a new record of 1813 ± 2 ppb in 2011. This study aims to quantify the concentration and flux of methane in the vertical profile of a tropical primary forest (Tapajós National Forest), as well as to determine the emission of methane in the air-soil interface during the rainy season and the dry season for the year 2012. Air samples were collected at the air-soil, interface using static chambers and throughout the vertical profile of the forest at three different heights (2 m, 16 m, and 36 m) and at above the canopy (63 m) accessed by a 65 m micrometeorological tower. Subsequently, the air samples were analyzed by gas chromatography. The concentration of methane in the vertical stratification of the vegetation was 1.866 ± 0,038 ppm and the flux was ~ 15.50 mg de CH4.m-2 d-1 and the emission of methane the soil was 0.45 ± 0,71 mg CH4.m-2 d-1. Therefore, for the period of study, the ecosystem of upland forest acted as a source of CH4 to the atmosphere.
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- 2020
42. Effects of air pollution on pulmonary and systemic inflammatory markers of individuals undergoing physical exercise indoor and outdoor
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Coripio, Iris Cristina, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), and Ramos, Dionei [UNESP]
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Doenças cardiovasculares ,Inflammation ,Inflamação ,Cardiovascular diseases ,Exercício ,Cana-de-açúcar ,Poluentes ,Exercise ,Air pollutants ,Saccharum - Abstract
Submitted by Iris Cristina Coripio (iris.coripio@terra.com.br) on 2019-06-18T19:34:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cor_Mestrado_correção_junho2019.pdf: 1156091 bytes, checksum: 02b855855751e4ed3a976495c6f6374c (MD5) Rejected by ALESSANDRA KUBA OSHIRO ASSUNÇÃO (alessandra@fct.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize correções na submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: - A ficha catalográfica ficou desconfigurada (os assuntos ficaram fora do quadro). Acessar novamente o sistema gerador de ficha e gerar nova ficha escolhendo tamanho de fonte nº10, 9 ou 8. - No repositório, no campo 'Agência de Fomento', selecionar também a Fapesp. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2019-06-18T19:53:41Z (GMT) Submitted by Iris Cristina Coripio (iris.coripio@terra.com.br) on 2019-06-19T16:11:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CORRT_Mestrado_correção_junho2019.pdf: 1184788 bytes, checksum: 99a2ab08b1bfbb60bfca9f980eff589a (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by ALESSANDRA KUBA OSHIRO ASSUNÇÃO (alessandra@fct.unesp.br) on 2019-06-19T19:38:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 coripio_ic_me_prud.pdf: 1184788 bytes, checksum: 99a2ab08b1bfbb60bfca9f980eff589a (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-06-19T19:38:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 coripio_ic_me_prud.pdf: 1184788 bytes, checksum: 99a2ab08b1bfbb60bfca9f980eff589a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-04-26 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Introdução: A poluição atmosférica é um assunto discutido mundialmente, causando um impacto na saúde humana e se tornando um grave problema de saúde pública, condições meteorológicas como temperatura, e umidade relativa do ar, também podem influenciar na magnitude dos efeitos adversos da poluição atmosférica na saúde humana.Objetivo:Verificar impactos da exposição aos poluentes atmosféricos sobre internações hospitalares por doenças cardiovasculares em uma população adulta, e o efeito da realização de exercício aeróbico em ambiente aberto e fechado com diferentes concentrações de MP2,5, temperatura e umidade relativa do ar na toxicidade pulmonar de indivíduos sedentários e ativos.Métodos: Registros de internações hospitalares por doenças cardiovasculares captados a partir da base de dados referentes ao sistema único de saúde no período de janeiro de 2014 a dezembro de 2015. Níveis de MP10, NO2, temperatura e umidade relativa foram registrados. No segundo estudo foram avaliados 27 indivíduos, divididos em dois grupos: ativos e sedentários submetidos a um exercício aeróbico em ambiente aberto e fechado. Níveis séricos de CC16, monóxido de carbono no ar exalado (COex), e parâmetros hemodinâmicos foram coletados antes e após a prática da atividade, concentrações de MP2,5, temperatura e umidade relativa do ar foram mensurados durante todo exercício. O nível de significância foi considerado p
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- 2019
43. Assessment of air pollutants in urban recreation areas of Fortaleza city
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Mauro Henrique Porfírio Sampaio Lopes, Nara Angélica Policarpo, Francisco Sales Ávila Cavalcante, Camila Maria Aguiar da Costa Alves, Mona Lisa Moura de Oliveira, and Rinaldo dos Santos Araújo
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Atmospheric pollution ,Monitoring ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Urban environment ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Urban Studies ,POLUIÇÃO ATMOSFÉRICA ,Monitoramento ,Air pollutants ,Environmental protection ,Architecture ,Ambiente urbano ,Environmental science ,Recreation ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Resumo O crescimento urbano desorganizado tem gerado muitos problemas em grandes centros urbanos, sobretudo reduzindo o conforto ambiental da população local. A administração pública está cada vez mais procurando mitigar esses efeitos, melhorando a qualidade de vida da população por meio de um modelo de gestão mais sustentável, com ações de implantação de Ambientes Urbanos Desportivos (AUDs). A cidade de Fortaleza, no Ceará, é a quinta maior capital da federação em termos de quantidade populacional. Além disso, possui uma frota de mais de 1 milhão de veículos em circulação. Os AUDs foram instalados em muitos bairros da cidade com o objetivo de oferecer áreas de lazer e recreação para a população local. Contudo, a qualidade do ar nessas áreas ainda é desconhecida por causa da ausência de ações de monitoramento, especialmente durante uma intensa prática de atividade física. Este trabalho tem como objetivo monitorar espécies atmosféricas, NO2, NH3, SO2 e H2S, em 13 AUDs (diferentes bairros da cidade de Fortaleza) utilizando sistemas portáteis. Os resultados mostraram que as concentrações de gases detectados nos dias monitorados foram (em μg.m-3): de 2,58 a 18,48 de NO2; de 0,18 a 3,36 de SO2; de 2,78 a 11,07 de NH3; e de 0,76 a 7,53 de H2S. Reduções significativas das concentrações de NO2 (41%) e NH3 (~ 60%) foram observadas nos finais de semana, como resultado da diminuição do tráfego veicular. Além disso, o monitoramento da qualidade do ar nos AUDs pode sugerir e/ou apoiar políticas públicas para controlar a poluição do ar na cidade de Fortaleza. Abstract Disorganized urban growth has generated many problems in large urban centers, especially reducing the environmental comfort of the local population. Public administration is increasingly searching to mitigating these problems and improving the population quality of life through sustainable management, as the input of Urban Recreation Areas (URA). Fortaleza city is 5° largest federation capital, in population amount. It has a fleet of more than 1 million vehicles. URAs have been installed in many Fortaleza city´s zone, aiming to offer leisure and recreation areas to the local population. Air quality in these URA is unknown due to the monitoring actions is a deficiency, essentially during a physical activity local. This work aims to monitor atmospheric species, NO2, NH3, SO2, and H2S, in the 13 URA (different zone) using the typical portable system. Results showed that the concentrations of gases detected in the monitored days were (μg.m-3): 2.58-18.48 of NO2; 0.18-3.36 of SO2; 2.78-11.07 of NH3, and 0.76-7.53 of H2S. Significant reductions of NO2 (41%) and NH3 (60%) concentrations were observed at the weekends as a result of vehicular traffic reduction. Also, the monitoring of air quality in URA may suggest and/or support public policies to control the air pollution of Fortaleza city.
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- 2019
44. Acute effects of air quality on peak expiratory flow and in blood pressure with adults in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro
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Lima, Adma do Nascimento, Leon, Antonio Carlos Monteiro Ponce de, Lopes, Agnaldo José, Braga, Jose Ueleres, Neves, Denise Duprat, Jacobson, Ludmilla da Silva Viana, and Fírmida, Mônica de Cássia
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Modelo preditivo ,Air Pollutants ,Predictive model ,Poluição do ar ,Efeitos agudos ,Pressão arterial ,Acute effects ,CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::SAUDE COLETIVA [CNPQ] ,Blood pressure ,Pico de fluxo expiratório ,Estudo de medidas repetidas ,Peak expiratory flow ,Repeated measures study - Abstract
Submitted by Boris Flegr (boris@uerj.br) on 2020-08-02T16:49:14Z No. of bitstreams: 2 TESE Adma do Nascimento Lima versao final completa.pdf: 2536512 bytes, checksum: 107f91d70da07b7fd8d58b7ebc12db2f (MD5) TESE Adma do Nascimento Lima versao final parcial.pdf: 2085396 bytes, checksum: 2fb7412f76f5548d3599b8312aa58d0e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2020-08-02T16:49:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 TESE Adma do Nascimento Lima versao final completa.pdf: 2536512 bytes, checksum: 107f91d70da07b7fd8d58b7ebc12db2f (MD5) TESE Adma do Nascimento Lima versao final parcial.pdf: 2085396 bytes, checksum: 2fb7412f76f5548d3599b8312aa58d0e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-30 Air pollution is the largest environmental risk factor for health in the world, responsible for a major impact on mortality and mortality, especially respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the acute effects of ambient air pollution on peak expiratory flow and blood pressure. The study population consisted of adult individuals, health professionals from the João Barros Barroso Municipal Health Center (where the research was done), located in Copacabana in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro from July 24, 2016 to July 27, 2017. The pollutants of the ambient air assessed were: inhalable particulate matter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3) on the current day exposure (lag0) and in the lags of 24hs /day each lag of exposure over the three preceding days (1 day previous-lag1, 2 dias-lag2 e 3 dias-lag3) and moving averages of two previous days (m2=(lag0+ lag1+ lag2)/3) and three days previous (m3= (lag0+ lag1+ lag2+ lag3)/4). Two studies were performed. The first, a longitudinal study of repeated measures, in five phases with irregular intervals of months, including 96 individuals in phase 1(baseline). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the acute effects of ambient air pollution (PM10, SO2, CO, O3) on peak expiratory flow (PEF) and adult blood pressure. The mixed effects models were used in the estimation of the effects of air pollution with outcomes. (PEF and systolic and diastolic blood pressure). The most relevant finding was the reduction in PEF of 5.05 L/min (IC95%: -8.89;-1.21) in the current day exposure associated with increase of 10μg/m³ de O3 (p
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- 2018
45. Quantificação de benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xilenos no ar de ambientes internos
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Paulo Cezar Piceli and Henrique de Melo Lisboa
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gas chromatography ,injeção direta ,010401 analytical chemistry ,espectrometria de massas ,010501 environmental sciences ,cromatografia gasosa ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:TD1-1066 ,lcsh:Environmental engineering ,0104 chemical sciences ,amostragem passiva ,direct injection ,air pollutants ,lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ,lcsh:TA170-171 ,poluentes atmosféricos ,Waste Management and Disposal ,passive sampling ,mass spectrometry ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
RESUMO A poluição do ar não está restrita a ambientes abertos, podendo existir elevadas concentrações de poluentes do ar derivados do petróleo, como o benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xilenos (BTEX), em ambientes internos. Os BTEX, mesmo quando presentes em baixas concentrações, na ordem de parte por bilhão (ppb), causam problemas à saúde humana. O objetivo deste trabalho foi aplicar uma técnica de quantificação dos BTEX, no nível de ppb, em apenas oito horas de amostragem em um ambiente interno. Para tal fim, foram usados tubos amostradores passivos associados a análise por dessorção térmica, cromatografia gasosa e espectrometria de massas. O método de calibração desse sistema analítico também foi apresentado. O uso dessa metodologia permitiu quantificar os BTEX em um laboratório de pesquisa de motores de combustão, em concentrações de 4,64, 7,87, 10,47 e 21,36 ppb respectivamente. Esses resultados estão próximos da faixa encontrada em ambientes internos por outros estudos no Brasil. A avaliação dos BTEX no laboratório de combustão, além de levar apenas 16 horas, somando a amostragem e análise das amostras, confirmou a sensibilidade da metodologia usada.
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- 2018
46. Efeitos da exposição a poluentes do ar na saúde das crianças de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil
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Adrian Blanco Machin, Luiz Fernando Costa Nascimento, Blanco Machin, Adrian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1308-4878, and Machín, Adrian Blanco/L-5031-2017
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Respiratory Tract Diseases ,Air pollution ,lcsh:Medicine ,medicine.disease_cause ,03 medical and health sciences ,symbols.namesake ,0302 clinical medicine ,Air pollutants ,Environmental health ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Poisson regression ,Time series study ,Public, Environmental & Occupational Health ,Pollutant ,National health ,Inhalation exposure ,Air Pollutants ,030505 public health ,Saúde da Criança ,Mathematical Models ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,Generalized additive model ,lcsh:R ,Material Particulado ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Child Health ,Contaminantes Atmosféricos ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,Modelos Matemáticos ,Enfermedades Respiratorias ,Doenças Respiratórias ,symbols ,Poluentes Atmosféricos ,Environmental science ,Salud del Niño ,Particulate Matter ,0305 other medical science - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2019-09-11T20:51:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018 Exposição a poluentes do ar, que costumam ser quantificados por agências ambientais que não estão presentes em todos os estados, pode estar associada a internações por doenças respiratórias de crianças. Foi desenvolvido um estudo ecológico de séries temporais com dados referentes às internações por algumas doenças respiratórias de crianças menores de dez anos de idade, em 2012, na cidade de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Os níveis médios de material particulado fino (PM2,5) foram estimados por modelo matemático, os dados de temperatura mínima e umidade relativa do ar foram obtidos do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia, e número de focos de queimadas do Sistema de Informações Ambientais. A abordagem estatística utilizou o modelo aditivo generalizado da regressão de Poisson com defasagens de 0 a 7 dias. Foram estimados os custos financeiros e aumentos do número de internações decorrentes de elevações de PM2,5. Foram 565 internações (média de 1,54/dia; DP = 1,52) e concentração de PM2,5 de 15,7µg/m3 (DP = 3,2). Foram encontradas associações entre exposição e internações no segundo semestre, nos lags 2 e 3, e quando analisado o ano todo, no lag 2. Uma elevação de 5µg/m3 do PM2,5 implicou o aumento de 89 internações e custos acima dos R$ 95 mil para o Sistema Único de Saúde. Dados estimados por modelo matemático podem ser utilizados em locais onde não há monitoramento de poluentes. Exposure to air pollutants, usually measured by environmental agencies that are not present in all states, may be associated with respiratory admissions in children. An ecological time series study was conducted with data on hospitalizations due to selected respiratory diseases in children under 10 years of age in 2012 in the city of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Mean levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were estimated with a mathematical model, data on low temperatures and relative humidity were obtained from the Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology, and the numbers of brush burnings were obtained from the Environmental Information System. The statistical approach used the Poisson regression generalized additive model with lags of 0 to 7 days. The financial costs and increases in hospitalizations due to increments in PM2.5 were estimated. There were 565 hospitalizations (mean 1.54 admissions/day; SD = 1.52), and mean PM2.5 concentration was 15.7µg/m3 (SD = 3.2). Associations were observed between exposure and hospitalizations in the second semester at lags 2 and 3, and at lag 2 when the entire year was analyzed. An increment of 5µg/m3 in PM2.5 was associated with an increase of 89 hospitalizations and costs exceeding BRL 95,000 (≈ USD 38,000) for the Brazilian Unified National Health System. Data estimated by mathematical models can be used in locations where pollutants are not monitored. La exposición a contaminantes del aire, que suelen ser cuantificados por agencias ambientales que no están presentes en todos los estados, puede estar asociada a internamientos por enfermedades respiratorias de niños. Se desarrolló un estudio ecológico de series temporales con datos referentes a los internamientos por algunas enfermedades respiratorias de niños menores de 10 años de edad, en 2012, en la ciudad de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Los niveles medios de material particulado fino (PM2,5) se estimaron mediante un modelo matemático, los datos de temperatura mínima y humedad relativa del aire se obtuvieron del Instituto Nacional de Meteorología, y el número de focos de incendios del Sistema de Información Ambiental. El enfoque estadístico usó el modelo aditivo generalizado de la regresión de Poisson con desfases de 0 a 7 días. Se estimaron los costes financieros y aumentos del número de internamientos derivados de elevaciones de PM2,5. Fueron 565 internamientos (media de 1,54/día; DE = 1,52) y concentración de PM2,5 de 15,7µg/m3 (DE = 3,2). Se encontraron asociaciones entre exposición e internamientos en el segundo semestre, en los lags 2 y 3, y cuando se analizó todo el año, en el lag 2. Una elevación de 5µg/m3 del PM2,5 implicó el aumento de 89 internamientos y costes por encima de los BRL 95 mil para el Sistema Único de Salud. Los datos estimados por el modelo matemático pueden ser utilizados en lugares, donde no existe un monitoreo de contaminantes. [Nascimento, Luiz Fernando Costa] Universidade de Taubaté, Brazil Machin, Adrian Blanco; Nascimento, Luiz Fernando Costa] Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Brazil
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- 2018
47. Effects of exposure to air pollutants on children's health in Cuiaba, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
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Machin, Adrian Blanco [UNESP], Costa Nascimento, Luiz Fernando [UNESP], Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), and Univ Taubate
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Air Pollutants ,Mathematical Models ,Respiratory Tract Diseases ,Child Health ,Particulate Matter - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T15:47:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2019-10-09T18:25:23Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0102-311X2018000305008.pdf: 594554 bytes, checksum: 9ae34bd84d4cdedde32a57b29fe1c409 (MD5) Exposure to air pollutants, usually measured by environmental agencies that are not present in all states, may be associated with respiratory admissions in children. An ecological time series study was conducted with data on hospitalizations due to selected respiratory diseases in children under 10 years of age in 2012 in the city of Cuiaba, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Mean levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were estimated with a mathematical model, data on low temperatures and relative humidity were obtained from the Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology, and the numbers of brush burnings were obtained from the Environmental Information System. The statistical approach used the Poisson regression generalized additive model with lags of 0 to 7 days. The financial costs and increases in hospitalizations due to increments in PM2.5 were estimated. There were 565 hospitalizations (mean 1.54 admissions/day; SD = 1.52), and mean PM2.5 concentration was 15.7 mu g/m(3) (SD = 3.2). Associations were observed between exposure and hospitalizations in the second semester at lags 2 and 3, and at lag 2 when the entire year was analyzed. An increment of 5 mu g/m(3) in PM2.5 was associated with an increase of 89 hospitalizations and costs exceeding BRL 95,000 (approximate to USD 38,000) for the Brazilian Unified National Health System. Data estimated by mathematical models can be used in locations where pollutants are not monitored. Univ Estadual Paulista, Guaratingueta, Brazil Univ Taubate, Taubate, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Guaratingueta, Brazil
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- 2018
48. Indoor particulate pollution in fitness centres with emphasis on ultrafine particles
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Cristina Delerue-Matos, Marta Oliveira, Simone Morais, Maria do Carmo Pereira, Klara Slezakova, Cátia Peixoto, Faculdade de Engenharia, and Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico do Porto
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010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Indoor air ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Physical activity ,Inhalation intake ,Fitness Centers ,010501 environmental sciences ,Health benefits ,Toxicology ,01 natural sciences ,Indoor air quality ,Environmental health ,Ultrafine particle ,Humans ,Particle Size ,General fitness training ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Air Pollutants ,Schools ,Portugal ,Particulate pollution ,Dust ,General Medicine ,Controlled ventilation ,Pollution ,13. Climate action ,Air Pollution, Indoor ,Ultrafine particles (UFPs) ,Environmental science ,Indoor Air Pollution ,Particulate Matter ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
Fitness centres (FC) represent a unique indoor microenvironment. Exercising on regular basis provides countless health benefits and improves overall well-being, but if these facilities have poor indoor air quality, the respective exercisers might be subjected to some adverse risks. Considering the limited existent data, this work aimed to evaluate particulate pollution (PM10, PM2.5, and ultrafine particles - UFP) in indoor air of FC and to estimate the respective risks for occupants (both staff and exercising subjects). Sampling was conducted during 40 consecutive days of May-June 2014 in general fitness areas, studios and classrooms (for group activities) of four different fitness centres (FC1-FC4) situated within Oporto metropolitan area, Portugal. The results showed that across the four FC, PM10 ranged between 5 and 1080 μg m-3 with median concentrations (15-43 μg m-3) fulfilling the limit (50 μg m-3) of Portuguese legislation in all FC. PM2.5 (medians 5-37 μg m-3; range 5-777 μg m-3) exceeded thresholds of 25 μg m-3 at some FC, indicating potential risks for the respective occupants; naturally ventilated FC exhibited significantly higher PM ranges (p, This work was supported by European Union (FEDER funds through COMPETE) and National Funds (Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia) through projects UID/QUI/50006/2013 and UID/EQU/00511/2013-LEPABE, by the FCT/MEC with national funds and co-funded by FEDER in the scope of the P2020 Partnership Agreement. Additional financial support was provided by Fundação para Ciência e Tecnologia through fellowship SFRH/BPD/65722/2009.
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- 2018
49. Achados patológicos e imuno-histoquímicos de neoplasmas pulmonares primários em caninos na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul
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Rafaela Albuquerque Caprioli, David Driemeier, Luciana Sonne, Cíntia de Lorenzo, Fernando Froner Argenta, Saulo Petinatti Pavarini, Paula Reis Pereira, and Márcia Elisa Hammerschmitt
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medicine.medical_specialty ,dogs ,Diseases of dogs ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Neoplasias pulmonares ,Cães ,Pulmonary neoplasm ,doenças de cães ,lung ,0403 veterinary science ,caninos ,Rio Grande do Sul ,Dogs ,Air pollutants ,Pulmonary neoplasms ,medicine ,Pathology ,Prevalência ,Lung ,diseases of dogs ,patologia ,Imunohistoquímica ,Gynecology ,lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,pulmão ,General Veterinary ,Porto Alegre, Região Metropolitana de (RS) ,business.industry ,neoplasma pulmonar primário ,0402 animal and dairy science ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,pulmonary neoplasm ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Immunohistochemistry ,Histopatologia ,Lung tumors ,Imuno-histoquímica ,Porto Alegre ,lcsh:SF600-1100 ,lung tumors ,pathology ,business ,Brazil - Abstract
RESUMO: Neoplasmas pulmonares primários são pouco frequentes na medicina veterinária, mas a principal espécie afetada é a canina. Acredita-se que o número de neoplasmas pulmonares primários vem aumentando em animais de companhia, em decorrência do aumento da expectativa de vida, da melhora nas técnicas de diagnóstico e pelo maior contato com poluentes atmosféricos. Este estudo foi realizado para identificar, analisar a frequência, e caracterizar achados patológicos e imuno-histoquímicos dos neoplasmas pulmonares primários em cães na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. No período de janeiro de 2003 a junho de 2016 foram submetidos à necropsia 6.307 caninos. Destes, 36 cães tinham diagnóstico de neoplasma pulmonar primário. O neoplasma mais frequente neste estudo foi o adenocarcinoma papilar (30,5%), seguido do carcinoma lepídico (22,2%). A idade dos cães variou de quatro a 16 anos, com média de 11 anos. Observou-se que a frequência de cães machos (63,9%) prevaleceu sobre as fêmeas (36,1%). Na avaliação imuno-histoquímica, todos os neoplasmas epiteliais foram positivos para pancitoqueratina, 70,6% foram positivos para fator de transcrição de tireoide-1 e 23,5% tiveram coexpressão de pancitoqueratina e vimentina. Dois tumores mesenquimais tiveram imunomarcação para vimentina e S-100, foram negativos para a imuno-histoquímica de actina de músculo liso e melan-A e para a técnica histoquímica de tricrômico de Masson e foram diagnosticados como tumor da bainha de nervo periférico maligno, raramente encontrado como tumor primário de pulmão em animais. Quando é difícil estabelecer um diagnóstico apenas com o exame histológico de rotina, é necessário ressaltar a importância da técnica de imuno-histoquímica para o diagnóstico de neoplasmas pulmonares primários em cães. ABSTRACT: Primary pulmonary neoplasms are uncommon in veterinary medicine; but most frequently affected are dogs. It appears that the number of primary pulmonary neoplasms is increasing in companion animals, due to the increase in life expectancy, improvement of diagnostic techniques and greater contact with air pollutants. This study was realized to identify, analyze the frequency, and to characterize pathological and immunohistochemical findings of primary pulmonary neoplasms in dogs of the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. From January 2003 to June 2016, 6,037 necropsies were performed and in 36 of them primary pulmonary neoplasm was found. The most frequent neoplasm in this study was papillary adenocarcinoma (30.5%) followed by lepidic adenocarcinoma (22.2%). The age of affected dogs ranged from 4 to 16 years, with a mean of 11 years. The frequency of male dogs (63.9%) prevailed over females (36.1%). Through immunohistochemical evaluation all epithelial neoplasms were positive for pancytokeratin, 70.6% were positive for thyroid-1 transcription factor and 23.5% had co-expression of pancytokeratin and vimentin. Two mesenchymal tumors showed immunostaining for vimentin and S-100, were negative for smooth-muscle actin and melan-A immunohistochemistry and Masson’s trichrome histochemical technique and were diagnosed as malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, rarely found as primary lung tumor in animals. If one has difficulty to establish a diagnosis only through routine histological examination, it is necessary to emphasize the importance of the immunohistochemical technique for the diagnosis of primary pulmonary neoplasms in dogs.
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- 2018
50. Effects of maternal exposure to air pollutants and low birth weight by sex
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Santos, Djalma Antonio Almeida dos [UNESP], Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Nascimento, Luiz Fernando Costa [UNESP], and Medeiros, Andrea Paula Peneluppi de [UNESP]
- Subjects
Ozone ,Regressão logística ,Baixo peso ao nascer ,Low birth weight ,Logistic regression ,Poluição ,Ozônio ,Pollution ,Poluentes do ar ,Air pollutants - Abstract
Submitted by DJALMA ANTONIO ALMEIDA DOS SANTOS null (djalma.antonio@icloud.com) on 2017-08-14T23:07:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TEXTO DA DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO DEFENDIDA EM 21-06-17.pdf: 2105879 bytes, checksum: a3202d8a500c89e1a00bddde5f904b8f (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Monique Sasaki (sayumi_sasaki@hotmail.com) on 2017-08-22T17:07:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_daa_me_guara.pdf: 2105879 bytes, checksum: a3202d8a500c89e1a00bddde5f904b8f (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-22T17:07:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_daa_me_guara.pdf: 2105879 bytes, checksum: a3202d8a500c89e1a00bddde5f904b8f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-21 Este trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar a exposição da gestante aos poluentes do ar em sua somatória de 30, 60 e 90 dias anteriores ao parto, e analisar o efeito desses poluentes sobre o baixo peso ao nascer. Trata-se de estudo longitudinal, com dados todos os nascidos vivos de mulheres residentes no município de São José dos Campos no ano de 2013, excluindo os com peso menor de 500 gramas, os partos ocorridos até 36 semanas e 6/7 de gestação, os partos gemelares e trigemelares, bem como os fetos com mal-formação congênita. A variável dependente, peso ao nascer, foi categorizada como desfavorável ≤ 2500 g e favorável > 2500 g, e as independentes foram idade materna, estado civil, escolaridade, número de consultas e mês do início do pré-natal. Os poluentes do ar analisados foram SO2, PM10, CO, NO2 e O3 com dados acumulados de 30, 60 e 90 dias anteriores ao parto. A análise utilizada foi o modelo de regressão logística hierarquizada em três níveis: distal, intermediário e proximal. Foram 9336 nascidos vivos, sendo incluídos 8028 (86,0%) que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. As variáveis significativas do nível distal foram idade materna e estado civil, do nível intermediário o número de consultas e no proximal a exposição materna ao O3 com 60 dias (OR= 1,10) e 90 dias (OR= 1,12) anteriores ao parto, sendo para o sexo feminino a associação ao O3 se deu no segundo quartil (OR = 1,61) e no quarto quartil (OR = 1,16) e para o sexo masculino com 90 dias no terceiro quartil (OR = 1,35). Este estudo permitiu identificar a associação apenas à exposição da gestante ao O3 para o acumulado de 60 e 90 dias anteriores ao parto com baixo peso ao nascer, sendo que para os outros poluentes não houve significância estatística. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the exposure of pregnant women to air pollutants in their sum of 30, 60 and 90 days prior to birth, and to analyze the effect of these pollutants on low birth weight. This is a longitudinal study, with data on all live births of women living in the São José dos Campos City in 2013, excluding newborns under 22 complete weeks of gestation and those weighing less than 500 g, births under to 36 weeks and 6/7, twin and trigeminal gestations, and fetuses with congenital malformation. The dependent variable was birth weight and was categorized as unfavorable ≤ 2500 g and favorable> 2500 g, and the independent variables were maternal age, marital status, schooling, number of prenatal visits and month of prenatal initiation. The air pollutants analyzed were SO2, PM10, CO, NO2 and O3 with cumulative data of 30, 60 and 90 days prior to labor. The analysis used was the hierarchical logistic regression model at three levels: distal, intermediate and proximal. There were 9336 live births and 8028 (86.0%) that filed the inclusion criteria. The significant variables of the distal level were maternal age and marital status, at the intermediate level the number of prenatal visits. In the proximal level the maternal exposure to O3 with 60 days (OR = 1.10) and 90 days (OR = 1.12) prior to delivery, being to females sex the association of the O3 was in the second quartile (OR = 1.61) and in the fourth quartile (OR = 1.16) and for males sex with 90 days in the third quartile (OR = 1, 35). This study allowed the identification of the association only with the exposure of the pregnant woman to the O3 for the accumulated 60 and 90 days before delivery with low birth weight, and for the other pollutants there was no statistical significance.
- Published
- 2017
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