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Global warming is a result of the increased emission of greenhouse gases. The consequences of this climate change threaten society, biodiversity, food and resource availability. The consequences include an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease and cardiovascular mortality. In this position paper, we summarize the data from the main studies that assess the risks of a temperature increase or heat waves in CV events (CV mortality, myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, and CV hospitalizations), as well as the data concerning air pollution as an enhancer of temperature-related CV risks. The data currently support global warming/heat waves (extreme temperatures) as cardiovascular threats. Achieving neutrality in emissions to prevent global warming is essential and it is likely to have an effect in the global health, including the cardiovascular health. Simultaneously, urgent steps are required to adapt the society and individuals to this new climatic context that is potentially harmful for cardiovascular health. Multidisciplinary teams should plan and intervene healthcare related to temperature changes and heat waves and advocate for a change in environmental health policy., (Copyright © 2023 Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

This paper analyses the efforts of Salazar regime to "monopolize the legitimate means of people movement" (TORPEY, 2005) by showing that, during the Portuguese New State, the emigration control reached an apex on two circumstances in which the authorities had prohibited the boarding of some migrants who were ready to legally leave the country. The desperate letters written by some Portuguese families, who were forbidden to emigrate to São Paulo´s farms in 1938, and by those subjects prohibited to leave Portugal due to the 1947´s law demonstrate the materiality of boards made of decrees and ministerial dispatches signed by an authoritarian government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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