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Beetles from genus Oncideres, known as twig girdler, have the habit of girdle branches of healthy trees, where they lay their eggs, to establish an appropriate environment to the development of the larvae. This study had the objective of characterize the injuries caused by O. impluviata in Piptadenia gonoacantha, quantify and position the eggs incisions in trees of this forest specie. The results showed that 63.16% of girdled branches were located on the upper third of the trees, with average girdle height above ground of 2.76±0.14 m. The average diameter and height of girdled branches were 1.32±0.04 cm and 1.18±0.03 m, respectively. The average number of incisions per branch was 5.9±1.24, which were located at higher frequency on the lower third of girdled branch. Can be concluded that the twig girdle beetle O. impluviata girdle mostly lateral branches located at the upper third of the tree and lay their eggs mostly on the lower third of the girdled branch, decreasing as advance to the upper third of the twig. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is the first record of the beetles attack (Curculionidae, Scolitinae) in neem plantations located in Brejinho de Nazaré, Tocantins, Brazil. The insects were observed on plants between 7 and 10 years old and were identified as Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff), Cryptocarenus diadematus Eggers, 1937 and Hypothenemus sp. Westwood, 1836. The attacked plants showed a growth rate considered low for the region, had a low seed production, high defoliation and branch sprouting, followed by the death of many young shoots and/or the tip of the branch. The insects caused intense gum exudation in the holes caused by them. This problem has similarities with the syndrome called "decline of neem", reported in Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]