Search

Nutritional, lipid and feeding habits of school children in two municipalities in South Brazil are compared. Transversal study analyzed indicators of obesity, lipid profile and feeding habits of school children, aged between 7 and 17 years, in Santa Cruz do Sul RS Brazil, and Chapecó SC Brazil. Difference (p<0.05) in overweight/obesity (37.0% Chapecó vs 29.2% Santa Cruz do Sul) and high waist circumference (34.8% Chapecó vs 21.2% Santa Cruz do Sul); triglycerides (41.4%) and HDL-C (23.5%) showed higher rates in Chapecó (p<0.001); total cholesterol (56.1%), LDL-C (36.4%) and glycaemia (8.7%) were higher in Santa Cruz do Sul (p<0.05). Chapecó had a high input of fruit (16.8% infrequent) and sweets (41.3% frequent) contrasting with beans/rice (57.0% daily), soft drinks (24.4% daily) and snacks (24.0% daily) in Santa Cruz do Sul (p<0.05). Results show that differences in nutritional profile existed between the two municipalities and, consequently, health indicators vary within different regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

FUNDAMENTO: A aterosclerose coronariana (DAC) é a maior causa mortis do mundo, segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde. O estudo INTERHEART mostrou que a dislipidemia é um dos maiores fatores de risco independente para o IAM. OBJETIVO: Avaliar perfil lipídico e pressão arterial de escolares de estabelecimentos privados e públicos/filantrópicos. MÉTODOS: Foram analisadas amostras sanguíneas de 343 jovens e correlacionados com seus hábitos de vida. Análise estatística: Foi realizada pelo teste t de Student para amostras independentes para comparação de médias e pelo teste do qui-quadrado (c²) para comparação de proporções. Nível de significância 5%. RESULTADOS: O colesterol total, suas frações LDL e HDL e o índice de Castelli I foram mais altos entre os escolares das unidades privadas, com significância estatística para meninos e meninas, com exceção para o HDL dos meninos. A pressão arterial foi maior no mesmo grupo sem significância estatística. O diferencial entre os dois tipos de instituições em relação ao percentual de crianças com colesterol total > 190 mg/dl, foi 23% nas particulares e 4% nas públicas/filantrópicas. Quando comparados os inquéritos de alimentação e atividade física e correlacionados com o perfil lipídico fica clara a associação da atividade física diária e a supervisão de nutricionistas na alimentação dos de menor poder sócio-econômico. CONCLUSÃO: Ficou demonstrada a correlação do colesterol total e de sua fração LDL com o tipo de alimentação e a atividade física mais intensa e regular, beneficiando infantes mais carentes em relação aos matriculados em unidades privadas.BACKGROUND: According to the World Health Organization, coronary atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death worldwide. The INTERHEART study demonstrated that dyslipidemia is one of the most important independent risk factors for AMI. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the lipid profile and blood pressure of school children attending private (paid) and public/philanthropic (free) schools. METHODS: Blood samples from 343 children were tested and correlated with their lifestyle. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Student's t-test for independent samples to compare the means, and the chi-square test (c2) to compare proportions. The significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS: Total cholesterol and its HDL and LDL fractions, as well as the Castelli Index I, were higher among private school students, with statistical significance for both genders, except for HDL in boys. Blood pressure was higher in the same group, but without reaching statistical significance. Twenty-three percent of private school students had total cholesterol > 190 mg/d, as compared to 4% of those attending public/philanthropic institutions. When the dietary and physical activity surveys were compared and correlated with the lipid profile, a clear association was found between daily physical activity and nutritional guidance among those of lower socioeconomic status. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the positive correlation of total cholesterol and its LDL fraction with eating habits and more intense and regular physical activity, benefiting the most needy children, compared to those enrolled in private schools.

Objective: To identify biological and psychosocial factors associated with dropout in a multidisciplinary behavioral intervention in obese adolescents. Methods: A total of 183 adolescents (15.4±1.6 years), pubertal (Tanner stage 3 or 4) and obese (34.7±4.0kg/m²), were enrolled in a 12-week behavioral intervention, which included clinical consultations (monthly), nutritional and psychological counseling (once a week), and supervised aerobic training (three times/week). The studied variables were weight, height, body mass index, body composition (skinfold), cardiorespiratory fitness (direct gas analysis), blood lipids and self-reported symptoms of eating disorders (bulimia, anorexia and binge eating), anxiety, depression, body image dissatisfaction and quality of life. Statistical analysis included binary logistic regression and independent t-tests. Results: Of the adolescents, 73.7% adhered to the program. The greatest chance for dropout was observed among adolescents older than 15 years (odds ratio of 0.40; 95%CI: 0.15-0.98), with more anorexia symptoms (odds ratio of 0.35; 95%CI: 0.14-0.86) and hypercholesterolemia (odds ratio of 0.40; 95%CI: 0.16-0.91) at baseline. Conclusion: Older adolescents, with more symptoms of eating disorders and total cholesterol have less chance to adhere to multidisciplinary treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]