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The present article analyzes, according to literary criticism and image analysis, how, from the Rhine Movement (1840) to the early years of the foundation of the German Empire (1871-1883), the figure of Germania was instrumentalized by poets, painters, and sculptors. At the time of the publication of the poem "The Watch on the Rhine" (1840) by Max Schneckenburger, an imaginative literary figure of a vigil on the Rhine was constructed, incorporating various discourses related to nationalist issues in a context of imminent confrontation with France. A whole textual and visual culture was conceived during the so-called long 19th century, focusing on this figure of Germania, which takes on increasingly defined forms as the political contours of the new German state and its warlike ideology are delineated. The climax of its reception is the inauguration of the Niederwald Monument (1883) by Johannes Schilling, as a celebration of victory in the Franco-Prussian War. Furthermore, it can be observed that this figure continues to be invoked in turbulent moments when notions of identity and national unity are sought, as was the case during the First World War. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 19th century was the stage for the creation of the Italian national identity during the movement known as Risorgimento, which, for this purpose, resorted massively to reinterpretations of events linked to the Middle Ages, having elected the Lombard League, the battle of Legnano (1176) and Alberto da Giussano as essential symbols for their struggle for the constitution of Italy as a nation-state. From the beginning of the 1980s, with the formation of the right-wing ethnoregionalist political party known for most of its history as Lega Nord (1989- 2013), these symbols were reframed to adapt to the objective of creating a new nation, Padania, which, according to Lega supporters, would be the successor of the medieval Lombard League. We analyze in this article how the key elements of the neomedievalist mythopoiesis orchestrated by the Lega (the Oath of Pontida, the Lombard League, Legnano, Alberto da Giussano and the Carroccio) are essential for understanding their ideology and how these elements are present in their masterpiece, the feature film Barbarossa (2009), analyzed here taking into account the ideological arguments of the Lega infiltrated in the narrative; the historical elements disposed there and, finally, the referential relations with other works of a neomedievalist nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between the end of Vargas' Era and the civil-military coup of April 1964, the writer Adalgisa Nery published a daily political column in the newspaper Última Hora. With her work in the journalism Adalgisa was elected deputy of Guanabara, a new State created after the change of Brazilian's federal capital to Brasília, in 1960. Adalgisa Nery was heir to the Vargas political tradition and had a very special style, using metaphors, irony and a certain amount of aggressiveness, sustaining a strongly nationalist position. The purpose of this article is to discuss the political polarization reflected in the Brazilian press on the eve of the military coup of 1964 by analyzing the articles in the column named Retrato sem retoque by Adalgisa Nery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Boletim - Centro de Letras e Ciencias Humanas is the property of Universidade Estadual de Londrina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mediacoes is the property of Universidade Estadual de Londrina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mediacoes is the property of Universidade Estadual de Londrina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

During the peek of the First Cold War and its transfer to the region due to the rupture of Washington with Havana, the control mechanisms of the intelligence agencies were sharpened. They pursued mainly possible communist outbreaks in the country. In this context, this article aims to analyze the representations of the Dirección de Inteligencia de la Policía de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (DIPBA) and of the Secretaría de Inteligencia de Estado (SIDE) on the Tacuara right-winged nationalist youth groups, these groups, that emerged after the fall of the Peronism in 1955, had caught the public eye because of their violent political pranticommunist, anti-liberal and anti-Semitic practices, considering that this demonstrates the degree of penetration of the objectives of the Cold War in the practices of control and security and in the reports of these agencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the main problems of Didactics -general and specific, in this case, the History Didactics- is the problem of selection and organization of teaching contents. Considering the complexity and historicity of this task, this paper searches the historical foundations of choosing and organizing contents for the Brazilian History and General History teaching, since the discipline origins at the nineteenth century to the great lines of contemporary organization of contents. It is presupposed that the effects of modernity, nationalism and European view moulds and impose conditions to the scholar discipline, generating characterristics that remain until today, imposing limitations to changing projects. At the meantime, the decolonization processes supports alternative projects of History and History teaching, among them we have the America's History, presented at Brazil in the beginning of twentieth century. With the critical reservation to the four parts traditional division of the General History and three parts traditional division of Brazil's National History, the following proposals of didactical treatment of historical contents are schematized: traditional General and National History (lineal and traditional approaches), Integrated History, Thematic History, regressive or retrospective History and History throughout the Means of Production of the Marxism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integralism was a new politic force in the Brazil in the 1930's years for mobilize hundreds of people using some flags: a kind of nationalism, the reforcement of religious and familiar values, the discipline and the hierarchy, and the anticomunism. This last one, in spite of other elements made part of Integralist ideology, was enough mentioned in the transmition of sigma ideas, indicating the inaviabilities of comunist propose to overcome the world crisis in that decade. In this sense, the press enacted a important task for transmit notions about comunism that characterized like destroyer ideology of society by the fight between classes and the disregard of moral and religious values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]