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Human society is marked by cooperation. From the evolution of their needs, the human being incorporated this activity as a means of subsistence, in order to obtain benefits in a communitarian and plural way. The transformation of this process into what we know today as cooperativism, a movement that has at its root democratic principles and the goal of mutual development, has taken place gradually. Of European origin, the cooperative wave spread to the rest of the globe, reaching Brazil between 1960 and 1970. From the legal framework of cooperativism in our country there were numerous adaptations. The historical course, therefore, is of utmost importance to understand the movement's movement, its representativeness and form of legal and social organization. This article aims to expose the path of cooperativism in the Brazilian legal system, considering that there is a need for a multidisciplinary approach between them. The main hypothesis is that cooperativism is a major driver of development in southwestern Paraná. Through an exploratory research, conducted together with the collection of information through an interview with the Advisor of UNICAFES (Union of Family Farming Cooperatives and Solidarity Economy) Alcidir Mazzutti Zanco, it was possible to bring to light the urgencies of cooperativism in Brazil. Faced with the characteristic plurality of this movement, the lack of changes that began in the legislative sphere remained evident. In order to achieve the state task of supporting the development of cooperative activity in all spheres: technical, financial and operational. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies demonstrate that Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) can assist in the emancipation of users, offering them the possibility of accessing information and knowledge in order to become agents of their own history. In this sense, the objective of this investigation is to analyze the use of ICTs by farming families in the southern region of Brazil, pointing out the limits and possibilities in the context of family farming. To achieve this goal, forms were applied to thirty family units in the municipalities of Xaxim / SC and Pato Branco / PR. The research found that the possibility of accessing and using ICTs represents a need for family farmers in view of the competitiveness of the current market. Despite the importance and significance that ICTs represent to rural areas, the field of study reveals that the conditions of this access have limitations, as the technical system is deficient, which prevents effective access to all the potential that these technologies hold. In some cases, even with a high investment, the farmer cannot access a better service or even use it properly. Finally, it appears that ICTs are inserted in the context of family farming and represent the possibility of network integration and shared construction of knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the effectiveness of the actions of the Territorial Development Board (CODETER) of Baixo Tocantins-PA, focusing on the social participation of public actors and civil society in the consolidation of territorial strategies. To achieve this goal, the essentially qualitative research included bibliographic research, participant observation and 20 semistructured interviews. The construction of data was carried out in September 2018 and, in a second moment, from February to July 2019. For data analysis, Content Analysis was used, which allowed us to conclude that CODETER is currently undergoing a moment of fragility with regard to its functioning process, mainly due to the lack of participation of civil society entities and public authorities. In the analyzes, the lamentations of the interviewees about the low level of participation and the assumption of responsibility by the regional actors towards the territorial development policy are evident. In addition, the interlocutors confirm the prevalence of particular interests over territorial ones in making decisions about the allocation of resources from the Support Program for Infrastructure and Services Projects in Rural Territories (PROINF). More broadly, what is verified in the analyzed context is that most of the actors involved with CODETER do not have a systemic view of the Collegiate, understanding it in a partial way, as a disarticulated local construction of a territorial dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]