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Copyright of HOLOS is the property of Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do norte - IFRN and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retail Management Review is the property of Retail Management Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Temporis [Ação] is the property of Universidade Estadual de Goias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Jurídica (0103-3506) is the property of Revista Juridica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Thesis Juris is the property of Revista Thesis Juris and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Bariatric surgery has been an alternative when conservative methods of weight loss fail. Patients undergoing bariatric surgery have an increased risk of up to 6.5% of problems related to alcohol., Objetive: To review the literature about the changes on alcohol consumption in this public., Method: Database was accessed from June of 2015 to January of 2016 by searching "bariatric surgery" AND "alcoholism", and their Portuguese equivalents. Science Direct, PubMed, Lilacs and Medline, besides manual search, were searched. To be included, the paper should have been published between 2005-2016 and related to bariatric surgery and alcoholism. Theses, dissertations, unpublished papers, case reports and theoretical studies were excluded. In 2005 there was only one review of change in alcohol metabolism in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. There were no publications in 2006. In 2007, only one study was published, and it did not meet the inclusion criteria. In 2010, there was an increase of 13% in publications and of 20% in 2012, reaching 40% in 2013., Conclusion: The prevalence and incidence of alcohol consumption in relation to the postoperative time was six months to three years with higher incidence in men. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass showed greater association with increased alcohol consumption during the postoperative period. This and other studies showed that the pattern of alcohol consumption is important to be faced as a problem in bariatric surgery follow-up.

This paper aims to analyze alcohol abuse and unprotected sex and the association between them in students in a city in the southern region of Brazil. This is a cross-sectional study using a quantitative approach with 590 secondary school students from two public schools. Regarding alcohol use, 14% scored from eight to 40 in The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), which means, at least, a risky drinking behavior, with higher rate among boys. Moreover, 31.1% indulged themselves in binge drinking, which means drinking six or more doses according to AUDIT; and even among those who are low- risk drinkers, 21.1% had this drinking pattern. Regarding sexual behavior, young boys started sexual life earlier and the kind of relationship more referred to by them is one with no commitment; boys have uncommitted relationships, while girls have more relationships with commitment. In relation to the results of the association between alcohol use and sexual intercourse, 47.3% stated alcohol use before having sex, and those who started sexual activity got more drunk and had higher scores in the AUDIT. New studies are recommended regarding the association between both behaviors in Brazil, considering that the causal relationship is not clear and shows several explanation models.

This article aims to identify the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) in the elderly and its associated factors. A systematic review of cross-sectional population-based studies was conducted in PubMed, Lilacs and PsycInfo databases, without restrictions with respect to the period and language of publication. Two independent reviewers conducted the selection, data extraction and the methodological quality analysis. Nineteen papers were selected for the analysis. There was a variation in the type of violence, gender of respondents and tools used. Most studies had a moderate or high methodological quality. IPV occurred in elderly men and women, with greater prevalence of psychological violence and economic abuse. The most frequent associated factors were alcohol use, depression, low income, functional impairment and previous exposure to violence.

This paper aimed to compare the profile of mortality from external causes among Seventh-day Adventists and the general population of Espírito Santo from 2003 to 2009. A search of Adventists was performed in the nominal database of the Mortality Information System containing data on Adventists provided by the administrative offices of the institution. Deaths from external causes occurred during the study period were then divided into two groups: Adventists and the general population. Adventists had lower proportional mortality from external causes (10%) than the general population (19%), and males were the main reason for this difference. In both groups, deaths prevailed in the 20-29 years age group. Deaths from accidental causes were most significant among Adventists (68.08%), while deaths from intentional causes related to assault and self-inflicted injuries were more significant in the general population (53.67% of all deaths). The standardized mortality ratio for external causes was 41.3, thus, being Adventist reduced mortality by 58.7%. It is believed that the benefit of Adventists observed for mortality from external causes is related to this group's abstinence from alcohol consumption.

Abstract This paper involved a cross-sectional study that evaluated the results and refusals to take the breathalyzer test among drivers intercepted by the Driving Under the Influence (DUI) Spot-Check Campaign (Operação Lei Seca) in the capital of Rio de Janeiro and Baixada Fluminense. It was conducted using data provided by the State Government which were collected from drivers intercepted in the months of December 2013 and January 2014. Descriptive analysis was conducted of the sample and of the association between gender, age and location variables with the result of the breathalyzer test and refusal to take the test using a logistic regression model. Of the 4756 (100%) drivers intercepted, 59 (1.2%) failed the breathalyzer test and 229 (4.8%) refused to take it. Only the location of interception variable was statistically significant with greater chances of failing (OR = 4.01) and refusal to take the test (OR = 5.14) among drivers intercepted in the Baixada Fluminense. Systematic monitoring actions taken by the DUI Spot-Check Campaign that have occurred for longer in the capital appear to have a positive impact on the drinking and driving behavior of drivers.

The scope of this paper was to identify alcohol consumption patterns among users of primary health care services in the city of Bebedouro in the state of São Paulo, verifying the association between usage patterns and demographic and behavioral variables of the sample. It is a cross-sectional study involving 755 subjects over 18 years of age who sought primary health care services in the city of Bebedouro. To investigate patterns of alcohol use, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was used. For statistical analysis the chi-square and binary logistic regression tests were used. The results showed that 78% of users were abstainers or low risk users, 22% had problems with alcohol, 10% were risk cases, 2% were high-risk users and 10% probable addicts. The greatest predictors of usage risk were males, income > than 6 minimum wages and smokers; for addicts the most important predictors were: males, working in commerce and smokers. A significant proportion of users showed patterns of problematic use of alcohol, which reinforces the need for preventive actions, since the primary health care services are an excellent opportunity to combine opportunities for screening and usage strategies for reducing harmful effects related to the problematic use of alcohol.

Copyright of Portuguese Journal of Mental Health Nursing / Revista Portuguesa de Enfermagem de Saúde Mental is the property of Portuguese Society of Mental Health Nursing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Demetra: Food, Nutrition & Health / Alimentação, Nutrição & Saúde is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The scope of this paper is to present comparative data on drinking and driving behavior among drivers in Belo Horizonte in the State of Minas Gerais, in the period from 2005 to 2009, evaluating the impact of Law No. 11.705 (Prohibition), dated June 6, 2008. Data regarding prevalence of this behavior, collected at Sobriety Checkpoints (internationally used methodology) were analyzed using representative samples obtained from drivers on different public roads with intensive traffic in Belo Horizonte (2005-2009), thus permitting analysis of the impact of the new law. In 2008, the data showed a reduction of approximately 50% in the prevalence of individuals driving with any level of alcohol in the blood, when compared to 2007, after the change in legislation. This study showed that the impact caused by Law No.11.705 was marked in the sense of modifying the behavior under scrutiny. However, other control measures need to be added to the current legislation, in order to obtain a continuous reduction of drinking and driving behavior, thereby fostering a culture of sobriety on the road.

Copyright of Physis: Revista de Saúde Coletiva is the property of CEPESC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The forensic toxicology (TF) is a science of analytical basis, aiming to clarify legal issues related to poisoning, whether or not fatal, within the various areas of law (criminal, civil, labor, etc.). The analysis that are more often requested (with a tendency to increase and gaining rising attention) are those concerning the procedures involving supervision of driving under the influence of alcohol and psychotropic substances, in the living individual and in the cadaver. The key players in this process, are: (a) the police agents carrying out the screening and quantification of alcohol on the exhaled breath and the screening of psychotropic and stupefacient substances in saliva; (b) the public health services that perform qualitative analysis of these substances in urine (if the test was not previously performed in saliva); (c) the doctor that collects blood samples from the living, or the dead victim; (d) the forensic toxicologist who conducts toxicological analysis in blood (or, eventually in another biological sample) and (e) the magistrate prosecutors that ultimately will receive the toxicological report to apply the law. Therefore it is important to understand and be acquainted with the road law enforcement of driving under the influence of alcohol and psychotropic substances, particularly in what concerns to the role of the medical doctor. Consequently, this paper aimed to review these topics, namely highlighting the necessary information to clarify the interested parties about the technical, ethical and legal procedures to consider.

Objective: Problems related to alcohol consumption are frequent, especially among the youth population. We analyzed advertisement as one of several modifiable factors with impact over alcohol consumption., Method: The authors carried out a literature review within Medline, SciELO, PsychoInfo and Google Scholar databases between 1990 and 2008, retrieving studies with different approaches of the alcohol advertisement impact on consumption. Besides, a ' snowball' technique was applied to identify the most proficuous authors on the matter. Over a hundred papers were initially selected., Results: The overall set of papers indicate that factors such as exposition to the advertising and attractiveness of the alcoholic beverage advertising are related with greater expectation of future consumption and with a higher and precocious consumption of alcohol, specially among adolescents and young adults. Despite methodological difficulties, recent econometrical studies indicate that reduction and/or banishment of advertising would decrease alcohol consumption. We also consider issues about the neurophysiology of decision making process and the freedom of choice in the context of exposition to advertisements., Conclusions: The current knowledge on the matter strongly suggests that a reduction of the exposition to alcohol advertisements impacts on its consumption, mainly among young populations.

This paper analyzes the development of alcoholism among Indian peoples in the Upper Rio Negro, Amazonas State, Brazil. Based on a comprehensive approach to what, how, and when individuals drink, this ethnography emphasizes the socio-cultural and historical context in which alcohol is consumed and interpretation of the issue by Indian people themselves. The article discusses historical transformations in the forms of drinking and their correlations with the status quo and changes in social standards of living. The article concludes that current forms of alcohol consumption are linked to the behaviors and values emerging on the frontier of interethnic relations and the resignification of the traditional culture, currently experiencing difficulties in offering parameters for action and symbolization of social life by the younger generations as they deal with challenges from the modern world.

Brazilian society bears high economic costs in view of the problems resulting from the alcohol consumption. There is a lack of economic studies into alcohol misuse or dependence in Brazil due to the limited financial resources, despite the huge health problems the country has been facing. This paper aims to introduce basic concepts of Heath Economics to health care practitioners, such as: Complete and Incomplete Economic Evaluation, Disease Costs, Cost Comparison, Types of Evaluation (cost-minimisation, cost-effectiveness, cost-utility, and cost-benefice), Point of View Analysis (from patient, health institution, Ministry of Health, or society), Types of Costs (direct, indirect and intangible), and other ones. In addition, research data on the impact of the alcohol consumption on the Brazilian society is described. We do not intend to exhaust the subjects addressed in this paper, but emphasise the need for more national researches that link the economic evaluation to the alcohol addiction issue in order to seek maximum efficiency by maximising the health care and minimising the scarce health system resources.

Review paper about prospective studies concerning the natural history of alcoholism. Emphasizing Vaillant and the impact of his contribution to the evolution of the concepts of harmful use and dependence, as well as its most important therapeutic implications. The fact that the abstinence rates, in the treatment of a severe dependence, almost remaining the same in the last twenty-five years is highlighted.

Based on the recent report on alcohol-related health and social burdens issued by the World Health Organization (WHO), this paper explores and discusses the evidence in support of the view that concerns about alcohol consumption extend far beyond consideration of personal and family health consequences, but should be considered in the context of major socio-political and public health priorities. The global findings of the WHO report are first discussed, followed by analysis of the specific findings regarding the burden of alcohol problems in Brazil. The social burden of alcohol problems is quantified by applying a unifying methodology which incorporates outcomes for alcohol-related violence, family problems, child abuse, public disorder, lost productivity, and other consequences. By analyzing the epidemiological date on alcohol-related morbidity and mortality data from each continental region and sub-region, and cross-tabulating data on average consumed volume and patterns of consumption, the burden of disease are estimated for the various regions of the world. The final results provide a comparative analysis of risk, basically using a representative indicator of number of productive years lost because of illness or premature mortality due to alcohol consumption ("DALYs" -- Disability Adjusted Life Years). The DALYs global value in 2000 was 4% of world mortality, with this rate predicted to increase as global alcohol consumption increases. Variations among various regions in the planet are critically analyzed on predictive factors.

Objective: Problems related to alcohol consumption are frequent, especially among the youth population. We analyzed advertisement as one of several modifiable factors with impact over alcohol consumption. Method: The authors carried out a literature review within Medline, SciELO, Psychoinfo and Google Scholar databases between 1990 and 2008, retrieving studies with different approaches of the alcohol advertisement impact on consumption. Besides, a "snowball" technique was applied to identify the most proficuous authors on the matter. Over a hundred papers were initially selected. Results: The overall set of papers indicate that factors such as exposition to the advertising and attractiveness of the alcoholic beverage advertising are related with greater expectation of future consumption and with a higher and precocious consumption of alcohol, specially among adolescents and young adults. Despite methodological difficulties, recent econometrical studies indicate that reduction and/or banishment of advertising would decrease alcohol consumption. We also consider issues about the neurophysiology of decision making process and the freedom of choice in the context of exposition to advertisements. Conclusions: The current knowledge on the matter strongly suggests that a reduction of the exposition to alcohol advertisements impacts on its consumption, mainly among young populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alcohol which, at first, is part of great ceremonies, parties, get-togethers, is now becoming an important issue, for the number of women who consume alcoholic beverages has increased, and consequently the number of pregnant women, considering that not only the mother's body but also the one of the child that is being formed, are under metabolic changes, and inevitably will be a target for acquired alcohol alterations (intake). During the human development, it is important to take into consideration the pregnancy stage and depending on it, the individual becomes susceptible to teratogenic agents. This paper aims at providing some contribution related to this social issue bringing knowledge on the action of alcohol on the fetus alterations, from the slightest (irritability, lack of attention, mobility deficiency) until Fetal Alcoholic Syndrome (F.A.S.) and also tries to analyse the extent of people knowledge on the consequences of alcohol effects over pregnant women bodies and the possible changes that may occur with the fetus. In order to make this study possible, interviews have been made by the use of forms with a population sample of about 100 people living in the northern, western, southern and interior low land regions. We have also visited some public and private institutions (23) on those regions, interviewing nurses in paediatric wards, aiming at identifying the difficulties found related to the diagnosis and management towards F.A.S.

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJETIVO: Problemas relacionados ao consumo de álcool são freqüentes, especialmente entre a população jovem. A publicidade de bebidas alcoólicas é um dos fatores passíveis de modificação com impacto no aumento do consumo de álcool. MÉTODO: Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica de trabalhos que investigaram de diversos pontos de vista o impacto da publicidade do álcool sobre o consumo. A busca foi feita nas bases de dados Medline, SciELO, PsychoInfo e Google Scholar no período entre 1990 e 2008 e utilizou-se a técnica de " bola de neve" para a indicação de autores mais profícuos na área. Obtiveram-se mais de uma centena de artigos. RESULTADOS: O conjunto de trabalhos aponta que fatores como exposição à publicidade e atratividade da publicidade de bebidas alcoólicas estão relacionados com uma maior expectativa de consumo futuro e com um consumo maior e mais precoce, principalmente entre adolescentes e adultos jovens. Apesar das dificuldades metodológicas, estudos econométricos mais recentes consideram que a redução e/ou banimento de publicidade teria efeito de redução do consumo de álcool. Questões referentes às bases neurofisiológicas do processo de tomada de decisões e da liberdade de escolha no contexto da exposição à publicidade também são discutidas. CONCLUSÕES: O conhecimento atual sobre o tema indica que a redução da exposição à publicidade tem impacto sobre o consumo de álcool, principalmente entre os mais jovens.OBJECTIVE: Problems related to alcohol consumption are frequent, especially among the youth population. We analyzed advertisement as one of several modifiable factors with impact over alcohol consumption. METHOD: The authors carried out a literature review within Medline, SciELO, PsychoInfo and Google Scholar databases between 1990 and 2008, retrieving studies with different approaches of the alcohol advertisement impact on consumption. Besides, a " snowball" technique was applied to identify the most proficuous authors on the matter. Over a hundred papers were initially selected. RESULTS: The overall set of papers indicate that factors such as exposition to the advertising and attractiveness of the alcoholic beverage advertising are related with greater expectation of future consumption and with a higher and precocious consumption of alcohol, specially among adolescents and young adults. Despite methodological difficulties, recent econometrical studies indicate that reduction and/or banishment of advertising would decrease alcohol consumption. We also consider issues about the neurophysiology of decision making process and the freedom of choice in the context of exposition to advertisements. CONCLUSIONS: The current knowledge on the matter strongly suggests that a reduction of the exposition to alcohol advertisements impacts on its consumption, mainly among young populations.

Copyright of Educação is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The harmful use of alcohol is a major risk factor for the global burden of disease, and public policies are the most effective strategies to prevent it. Population-based surveys are milestones for planning, implementing, and monitoring those policies. However, there are numerous ways to measure alcohol consumption which may result in different indicators. Researchers and stakeholders should find common ground in the understanding of these measures to avoid misinterpretation and confusion in the field. Answering to the “Five W’s Epidemiology”, when interpreting alcohol-related information, may improve the communication, as well as reproducibility and comparability of research findings. This paper aims to exemplify this approach by describing some indicators from the World Health Organization’s Global Information System on Alcohol and Health (GISAH) and the corresponding data available from the latest Brazilian household surveys. Notably, none of the Brazilian surveys reports on all the nine selected GISAH indicators, and only two provided the necessary methodological details to be fully reproducible. A stronger agenda is of the utmost importancefor advancing in the monitoring and prevention of alcohol-related harms in Brazil.

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Población is the property of Revista Latinoamericana de Poblacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Interface - Comunicação, Saúde, Educação is the property of Fundacao UNI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Comunicação e Sociedade is the property of Universidade do Minho, Centro de Estudos de Comunicacao e Sociedade and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJETIVO: A literatura científica mais recente aponta que a publicidade de bebidas alcoólicas influencia o comportamento, particularmente o consumo precoce e em grandes quantidades por crianças e adolescentes. Da perspectiva da saúde pública, a publicidade de bebidas alcoólicas deve ser restringida. Em muitos países, assim como no Brasil, os limites são estabelecidos pela autorregulamentação (ou seja, controlados pela própria comunidade publicitária). Analisou-se na presente revisão o conjunto dos trabalhos publicados na literatura internacional sobre este tipo de controle. MÉTODO: Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática de trabalhos que investigaram a eficácia da autorregulamentação da publicidade de bebidas alcoólicas. A busca foi feita nas bases de dados Medline, SciELO, Camy e Google Scholar, entre 1991 e 2010, bem como pela técnica de "bola de neve" para a indicação dos principais autores no tema. Foram considerados para o presente propósito 11 artigos. DISCUSSÃO: O conjunto dos trabalhos obtidos aponta que a autorregulamentação da publicidade de bebidas alcoólicas é pouco eficaz, não cumprindo com os objetivos de evitar, por exemplo, publicidade direcionada às crianças e adolescentes. CONCLUSÃO: Outras medidas devem ser consideradas para o controle e a veiculação das propagandas de bebidas alcoólicas, tais como monitoramento independente e controle legal.OBJECTIVE: The most recent scientific literature indicates that alcohol advertising influences behavior, particularly early and higher alcohol consumption by children and adolescents. From a public health perspective, alcohol advertising should be restricted. In many countries, as well as in Brazil, limits to alcohol advertising are established by industry self-regulation (e.g. controlled by the advertising community itself). We examined in this review all papers on the subject of industry self-regulation of alcohol advertising published in the international literature. METHOD: A systematic literature review was realized on papers investigating the effectiveness of self-regulation of alcohol advertisings. The search was conducted in Medline, SciELO, Camy and Google Scholar, between the years of 1991 and 2010. In addition, the "snowball" technique for the indication of the main authors on the subject was employed. From the papers found, 11 focused on the subject discussed here. DISCUSSION: The set of papers obtained indicates that industry self-regulation of alcohol advertising does not show evidence of efficacy. In other words, such a regulation does not prevent, for instance, alcohol advertising directed at children and adolescents. CONCLUSION: Further measures should be considered for the control and the broadcast of alcohol advertising, such as independent monitoring, legal control.

Copyright of Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento (RT&D) / Journal of Tourism & Development is the property of Associacao de Gestao e Planeamento em Turismo da Universidade de Aveiro (AGPTUA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Motricidade is the property of Silabas Didaticas LDA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper assesses blood alcohol concentration and risk behaviors for traffic accidents before and after the implementation of a law which prohibits the use of alcoholic beverages on city gas stations. In Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil, young people go out at night and drive to gas station convenience stores to buy alcoholic beverages which are consumed on the premises of parking lots in gas stations. Data were obtained from self-administered questionnaires and breath analyzers in two cross-sectional collections with purposive samples of youngsters in May and July 2006 (n=62, and n=50, respectively). There were no significant differences between the groups before and after the city law was passed. Blood alcohol concentration greater than 0.06% was found in 35.5% of pre-law group and 40% of post-law group (p=0.62). Results point out heavy alcohol use in both groups, which did not change after the law was passed.En el artículo se analizaron la alcoholemia y los comportamientos de riesgo de accidentes de transito en jóvenes antes y después de la implementación de la ley que prohíbe el consumo de bebidas alcohólicas en puestos de gasolina. En Puerto Alegre (Sur de Brasil), los jóvenes acostumbran salir de noche y conducir hasta las tiendas de conveniencia de puestos de gasolina para comprar y consumir bebidas alcohólicas en los estacionamientos dentro de los puestos. Los datos fueron obtenidos de encuestas auto-aplicables y alcoholímetro en dos colectas transversales realizadas con jóvenes, abordados en mayo y julio de 2006 con muestreo intencional (n=62 y n=50, respectivamente). No hubo diferencia significativa entre los grupos entrevistados. Alcoholemia > 0,06% fue encontrada en 35,5% y 40% de los individuos antes y después de la ley, respectivamente (p=0,62). Los resultados señalan el uso pesado de alcohol en ambos grupos, inalterado por la implementación de la ley.No artigo foram analisados a alcoolemia e comportamentos de risco para acidentes de trânsito em jovens antes e depois da implementação de lei proibindo o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas em postos de gasolina. Em Porto Alegre (RS), os jovens costumam sair à noite e dirigir até lojas de conveniência de postos de gasolina para comprar e consumir bebidas alcoólicas nos estacionamentos dentro dos postos. Os dados foram obtidos de questionários autoaplicáveis e bafômetro em duas coletas transversais realizadas com jovens, abordados em maio e julho de 2006 com amostragem intencional (n=62 e n=50, respectivamente). Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos entrevistados. Alcoolemia >0,06% foi encontrada em 35,5% e 40% dos indivíduos antes e depois da lei, respectivamente (p=0,62). Os resultados apontam o uso pesado de álcool em ambos os grupos, inalterado pela implementação da lei.

O texto analisa o processo de alcoolização em populações indígenas do Alto Rio Negro, Amazonas, Brasil. Baseando-se num enfoque compreensivo sobre o que se bebe, como se bebe e quando se bebe, a etnografia privilegia o estudo do contexto sócio-cultural e histórico no qual se dá o consumo de álcool e a interpretação nativa sobre a questão; discute as transformações históricas nas formas de beber e suas correlações com as permanências e mudanças da vida social. Conclui que as formas atuais de consumo de álcool estão ligadas à adoção de comportamentos e valores engendrados na fronteira das relações interétnicas e às ressignificações da cultura tradicional que hoje enfrenta dificuldade para oferecer parâmetros para a ação e para a simbolização da vida social pelas gerações mais jovens, frente aos desafios do mundo contemporâneo.This paper analyzes the development of alcoholism among Indian peoples in the Upper Rio Negro, Amazonas State, Brazil. Based on a comprehensive approach to what, how, and when individuals drink, this ethnography emphasizes the socio-cultural and historical context in which alcohol is consumed and interpretation of the issue by Indian people themselves. The article discusses historical transformations in the forms of drinking and their correlations with the status quo and changes in social standards of living. The article concludes that current forms of alcohol consumption are linked to the behaviors and values emerging on the frontier of interethnic relations and the resignification of the traditional culture, currently experiencing difficulties in offering parameters for action and symbolization of social life by the younger generations as they deal with challenges from the modern world.

Baseando-se numa revisão, apresentada pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), de recentes estudos sobre avaliação do custo social e de saúde decorrentes do uso do álcool, este artigo tem o objetivo de expor as evidências que permitem avaliar o consumo do álcool para além da esfera médica assistencial, pessoal e familiar, como questão prioritária do ponto de vista sócio-político e de saúde pública. São discutidos os dados mundiais e enfatizados os dados específicos do cenário brasileiro. O custo social é dimensionado com metodologia aplicada a diversos fatores, sendo unificados dados sobre violência, problemas familiares, abuso de menores, desordem pública, problemas profissionais, entre outros. O custo dos problemas de saúde é evidenciado pelo método epidemiológico, por meio de uma categorização elementar de dados de morbi-mortalidade geral de cada região e sub-região continental e triangulando-se dados de volume médio de consumo e padrões de consumo. Os resultados finais são obtidos através de análise comparativa de risco, utilizando-se basicamente um indicador representativo do número de anos de vida útil perdidos por adoecimento ou mortalidade precoce atribuíveis ao consumo do álcool, na língua inglesa designado "DALYs" (Disability Adjusted Life Years). O valor global do "DALYs", no ano de 2000, para o álcool, foi de 4% da morbi-mortalidade mundial, revelando tendência de ascensão. Os gradientes encontrados entre as diversas regiões do planeta são analisados à luz de uma crítica de seus potenciais determinantes.Based on the recent report on alcohol-related health and social burdens issued by the World Health Organization (WHO), this paper explores and discusses the evidence in support of the view that concerns about alcohol consumption extend far beyond consideration of personal and family health consequences, but should be considered in the context of major socio-political and public health priorities. The global findings of the WHO report are first discussed, followed by analysis of the specific findings regarding the burden of alcohol problems in Brazil. The social burden of alcohol problems is quantified by applying a unifying methodology which incorporates outcomes for alcohol-related violence, family problems, child abuse, public disorder, lost productivity, and other consequences. By analyzing the epidemiological date on alcohol-related morbidity and mortality data from each continental region and sub-region, and cross-tabulating data on average consumed volume and patterns of consumption, the burden of disease are estimated for the various regions of the world. The final results provide a comparative analysis of risk, basically using a representative indicator of number of productive years lost because of illness or premature mortality due to alcohol consumption ("DALYs" - Disability Adjusted Life Years). The DALYs global value in 2000 was 4% of world mortality, with this rate predicted to increase as global alcohol consumption increases. Variations among various regions in the planet are critically analyzed on predictive factors.

This paper presents an assessment of alcohol consumption, including the popular Mexican liquor tequila, in relation to the incidence of gastric cancer. We conducted a population-based case-control study in Mexico City, with 220 gastric cancer cases and 752 population-based controls. A food frequency questionnaire was used to measure consumption of alcohol and other dietary items. Grams of ethanol were estimated by the Food Intake Analysis System 3.0 software. After adjustment for known risk factors, wine consumption was positively associated with the risk of developing gastric cancer (OR = 2.93; CI 95% 1.27-6.75) in the highest category of wine consumption, corresponding to at least 10 glasses of wine per month, with a significant trend (p = 0.005). This association remained among intestinal (OR = 2.16; CI 95% 0.68-6.92, p-value for trend = 0.031) and diffuse (OR = 4.48; CI 95% 1.44-13.94, p-value for trend = 0.018) gastric cancer cases. A borderline significant trend between GC risk and total ethanol intake was observed (p = 0.068). Consumption of beer and distilled alcoholic beverages including brandy, rum, and tequila was not associated with GC risk. The results indicate the need to focus on the study of the potential effects of different types of wine, with emphasis on components other than ethanol regarding the incidence of gastric cancer, even among populations with moderate to low levels of alcohol consumption.

This paper presents an assessment of alcohol consumption, including the popular Mexican liquor tequila, in relation to the incidence of gastric cancer. We conducted a population-based case-control study in Mexico City, with 220 gastric cancer cases and 752 population-based controls. A food frequency questionnaire was used to measure consumption of alcohol and other dietary items. Grams of ethanol were estimated by the Food Intake Analysis System 3.0 software. After adjustment for known risk factors, wine consumption was positively associated with the risk of developing gastric cancer (OR = 2.93; CI 95% 1.27-6.75) in the highest category of wine consumption, corresponding to at least 10 glasses of wine per month, with a significant trend (p = 0.005). This association remained among intestinal (OR = 2.16; CI 95% 0.68-6.92, p-value for trend = 0.031) and diffuse (OR = 4.48; CI 95% 1.44-13.94, p-value for trend = 0.018) gastric cancer cases. A borderline significant trend between GC risk and total ethanol intake was observed (p = 0.068). Consumption of beer and distilled alcoholic beverages including brandy, rum, and tequila was not associated with GC risk. The results indicate the need to focus on the study of the potential effects of different types of wine, with emphasis on components other than ethanol regarding the incidence of gastric cancer, even among populations with moderate to low levels of alcohol consumption.Para determinar o papel do consumo de bebidas alcoólicas, incluindo tequila, sobre incidência de câncer gástrico (CG), foi realizado um estudo caso-controle de base populacional na Cidade do México, com 220 casos de CG e 752 controles. Um questionário de freqüência alimentar foi empregado para medir o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e outros itens da dieta. O consumo de etanol (gr) foi estimado usando-se o software Food Intake Analysis System 3.0. Após ajustamento por fatores de risco conhecidos, consumo de vinho esteve associado positivamente com o risco de desenvolver CG no estrato de maior consumo, ao menos dez copos de vinho mensais (OR = 2,93; I.C. 95% 1,27-6,75), p