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Monthly and annual changes in rainfall and air temperature may favor the occurrence of forest fires, which can be associated with fire focus observed via satellite. The objective of this study was to evaluate the annual variability of rainfall and air temperature and relate them to the fire focus observed in Jataí, Goiás, Brazil, between 2008 and 2021. Microclimatic data (rainfall, and minimum, mean and maximum temperature) and the number of daily fire focus from 2008 and 2021. According to the climatological normal (1981-2010) of Jataí, the mean values of rainfall (Pmm) and air temperature (Tar) were, respectively, 1,648.9 mm and 22.4 °C. In the period studied, Pmm ranged from 1,108.4 mm (2019) to 1,868.0 (2008), ant Tar presented in 2021, 22.1 °C, and in 2014, 23.72 °C. The driest months were from May to October, especially July and August, however the hottest were September and October. Between 2008 and 2021, were observed 1,270.0 fire focus, with greater concentration in the driest months. Although there was a correlation between the microclimatic variables and fire focus, they were not significant (p > 0.05). This allows us to infer that the low annual variability of Pmm and Tar (minimum, mean, and maximum) meant that there was no significant correlation with the number of hot spots observed in Jataí between 2008 and 2021. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Respiratory diseases, including pneumonia, account for many of the diseases in today's society. Many authors over time have shown the influence of climatic elements on population health. In this sense, the objective of this article is to investigate the impact of climatic elements on the records of daily hospital admissions for pneumonia in Balneário Camboriú, Santa Catarina, and Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul, individually and comparatively. Through graphical and statistical analyzes, based on the Spearman's correlation (a = 5%), it was concluded that the decreasing air temperature (cooling) has a statistically significant impact on the hospitalization rate, pointing out higher peaks for pneumonia registries in winter, as well as in the transition seasons (spring and autumn). In Erechim occurred higher hospitalization records, proportionally, when compared to the locality of Santa Catarina. These results are justified by the more evident records of lower temperatures in Erechim. In addition, it is suggested that the lower socioeconomic conditions of the sul-rio-grandense location, as compared to the catarinense, have a more evident impact on the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hail precipitation swells are common in tropical and/or subtropical climate regions, as they usually occur in environments with high atmospheric instability and greater temperature ranges. In this sense, the search for understanding the causes and effects of this type of precipitation for society is fundamental, since it can help in the definition of strategies to mitigate negative impacts. Therefore, this study aimed to relate the amount and size of hails with five influential factors in the occurrence of this type of precipitation: time, temperature, season, types of storms (isolated or organized) and the amount of rain (mm). The research was conducted from January 2018 to December 2020 in the municipality of Laranjeiras do Sul, State of Paraná, Brazil. In all, data from seven events were collected. The methodology relied on the use of tools such as analog rain gauge, pocket thermometer, calipers, and radar images obtained from Meteorological System of Paraná (SIMEPAR). The data were organized in tables for each event and basic statistical analysis was performed. The results indicated that the largest amounts of hail precipitated when the air temperature was around 18 °C, with average rainfall greater than 1mm/min and with gale. As for the sizes, it was noticed that hails larger than 20 mm in diameter occurred preferably on warmer days in winter, with temperature around 20.8°C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sugarcane leaf stands out among medicinal plants, being used in the treatment of high cholesterol, sexual dysfunctions, uterine inflammations, fever and colds, urinary tract infections and diabetes. Drying and storage are key steps among the post-harvest processes to obtain quality products, which are the basis for the manipulation of herbal medicines. That said the objective of this work was to evaluate the drying kinetics of sugarcane leaves, subjected to different temperatures of oven drying air. The work was developed at the Instituto Federal Goiano Campus Ceres – GO. The water content of the leaves was determined by the oven method, then the drying was done with controlled air temperatures of 40, 50 and 60 ºC in a forced-air chamber. Various mathematical models were tested to fit the experimental data. The kinetics of drying of the leaves presented a direct function with the air temperature, and the higher the drying air temperature the lower the time spent. Among the mathematical models tested, the Midilli model display the best fit to the experimental data for the drying of the sugarcane leaves. The effective diffusion coefficient increases with increasing drying air temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Data on the climatic conditions of a region provide improvements in decision-making for activities related to the sectors, for agricultural and urban planning, to reduce risks. Current paper undertakes the climatic characterization of the municipality of Rio Verde GO Brazil, as a tool for agricultural and urban planning. Data were retrieved from the main conventional weather station in Rio Verde provided by the National Institute of Meteorology between 1972 and 2017. The municipality´s characteristics comprised air temperature at 23.6±6.0ºC, relative humidity at 66.3±13.6%, wind speed at 1.4±0.8 m s-1, solar radiation at 17.3±4.7 MJ m-2 day-1 and solar brightness at 6.1±3.0 h. Total precipitation volume is 1,611± 180 mm/year-1, with concentrations during November to March (76%). August is the most critical month. The reference evapotranspiration is 3.8±0.9 mm day-1. The municipality is characterized by six months with water deficiency and six rainy months. Precipitation is a limiting factor to agricultural production due to poor spatial and temporal distribution. The use of irrigation systems, the conservation of straw on the ground and the use of off-season cover plants are alternatives that mitigate the effects of climatic risks. Concern in the urban region lies with floods, fires and respiratory diseases, transmissible by mosquitoes, at different times of the year. Current study may define better strategies for public and/or private initiative in planning more effective agricultural and environmental activities and projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]