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This paper intends to analyse, based on the theoretical perspective of the Discourse Analysis in France, the discourse on the Indigenous and African languages in the Museu da Língua Portuguesa (Museum of the Portuguese Language) - aninstitution in São Paulo (Brazil) which is being rebuilt due to a fire occurred in december 2015. Using the concepts of scene of enunciation and ethos, the analysis focuses on the texts exhibited in the space Palavras Cruzadas (Crossword) on these languages. The paper argues that, by restricting the Indigenous and African languages to a certain "influence" in the lexicon, the museum takes a position on the linguistic identity of Brazil which recognizes the originality of the Portuguese language and, above all, its unity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]